Entomology Commons^™

Relationship Between Oviposition, Virulence Gene Expression And Parasitism Success In Cotesia Typhae Nov. Sp. Parasitoid Strains, R. Benoist, C. Chantre, C. Capdevielle-Dulac, M. Bodet, F. Mougel, P. A. Calatayud, S. Dupas, E. Huguet, R. Jeannette, J. Obonyo, C. Odorico, J. F. Silvain, B. Le Ru, L. Kaiser

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Studying mechanisms that drive host adaptation in parasitoids is crucial for the efficient use of parasitoids in biocontrol programs. Cotesia typhae nov. sp. (Fernández-Triana) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a newly described parasitoid of the Mediterranean corn borer Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefebvre) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Braconidae are known for their domesticated bracovirus, which is injected with eggs in the host larva to overcome its resistance. In this context, we compared reproductive success traits of four Kenyan strains of C. typhae on a French and a Kenyan populations of its host. Differences were found between the four strains and the two most contrasted ones were …

Diversity And Abundance Of Lepidopteran Stem Borer Natural Enemies In Natural And Cultivated Habitats In Botswana, Reyard Mutamiswa, Eva Moeng, Bruno P. Le Ru, Des E. Conlong, Yoseph Assefa, Muluken Goftishu, Casper Nyamukondiwa

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Lepidopteran stem-borers in Africa are attacked by diverse natural enemies in natural and cultivated environments. Field surveys of stem-borer natural enemies and associated host plants were conducted during the austral summers of 2014/15 and 2015/16 on natural and cultivated habitats across Botswana to determine their diversity and relative abundance. In cultivated habitats, the most common parasitoids of larvae were Cotesia flavipes Cameron, C. sesamiae (Cameron), and of pupae, Pediobius furvus Gahan and Gambroides nimbipennis Seyrig. In natural habitats, the larval parasitoids Chelonus curvimaculatus Cameron and Goniozus indicus Ashmead were recorded, along with the pupal parasitoid, Dentichasmias busseolae Heinrich. Furthermore, the …

Temperature-Dependent Models Of Development And Survival Of An Insect Pest Of African Tropical Highlands, The Coffee Antestia Bug Antestiopsis Thunbergii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Lucy K. Murungi, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Dickson Mwenda, Régis Babin

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The antestia bug Antestiopsis thunbergii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a major pest of Arabica coffee in African tropical highlands. It feeds on coffee plant vegetative parts and berries leading to a direct reduction in coffee yield and quality. This study aimed to determine A. thunbergii thermal requirements, and to obtain new information on the pest demography as influenced by temperature. Temperature-dependent models were developed using the Insect Life Cycle Modelling software (ILCYM) through a complete life table study at seven constant temperatures in the range 18–32 °C. Non-linear functions were fitted to A. thunbergii development, mortality, fecundity and senescence. Model parameters …

Mechanisms Of Plasmodium-Enhanced Attraction Of Mosquito Vectors, Annette O. Busula, Niels O. Verhulst, Teun Bousema, Willem Takken, Jetske G. De Boer

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Evidence is accumulating that Plasmodium-infected vertebrates are more attractive to mosquitoes than noninfected hosts, particularly when high levels of gametocytes are present. Changes in host odour have been suggested as a likely target for parasite manipulation because olfactory cues are crucial to mosquitoes in search of a bloodmeal host. This review discusses two routes that may lead to such changes: (i) direct emission of volatile products from malaria parasites, and (ii) changes in skin microbial composition that could lead to changes in the vertebrate odour profile. Here we synthesize what is known and suggest how further research can increase our …

Datasets On Abundance Of Common Blossom Thrips And Weather Variables In Small-Scale Avocado Orchards At Taita Hills And Mount Kilimanjaro, James J. Odanga, Samira Mohamed, Florence Olubayo, Richard Nyankanga, Sizah Mwalusepo, Sevgan Subramanian, Tino Johansson, Sunday Ekesi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Avocado, Persea americana Miller (Lauraceae), is an important fruit crop cultivated by small-holder farmers along Afrotropical highlands of Taita Hills in South-eastern Kenya and Mount Kilimanjaro in Northern Tanzania. The small-holder farmers in these East African regions generate substantial food and cash from avocado fruits. However, the avocado crop is faced with challenges of infestation by insect pests such as the common blossom thrips (Frankliniella schultzei Trybom) which feeds on pollen and floral tissue thereby reducing productivity of the trees. Moreover, there is no information describing distribution patterns of Frankliniella schultzei and associated weather in East African avocado orchards despite …

Protected Cultivation Of Vegetable Crops In Sub-Saharan Africa: Limits And Prospects For Smallholders. A Review, Thibault Nordey, Claudine Basset-Mens, Hubert De Bon, Thibaud Martin, Emilie Déletré, Serge Simon, Laurent Parrot, Hugo Despretz, Joël Huat, Yannick Biard, Thomas Dubois, Eric Malézieux

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Vegetable production in sub-Saharan Africa faces numerous agronomic constraints that will have to be overcome to feed the increasing population and to fight malnutrition. Technology transfer and the adoption of low-tech protected cultivation techniques affordable for smallholders are believed to be able to meet this challenge. Protected cultivation techniques are a set of agricultural practices aimed at artificializing the crop environment through the use of soil covers and/or plant covers to control pests and climatic conditions. Although protected cultivation techniques may increase the yield and quality of vegetable crops and extend their production periods worldwide, the transfer of these techniques …

The Cotesia Sesamiae Story: Insight Into Host-Range Evolution In A Hymenoptera Parasitoid And Implication For Its Use In Biological Control Programs, L. Kaiser, S. Dupas, A. Branca, E. A. Herniou, C. W. Clarke, C. Capdevielle Dulac, J. Obonyo, R. Benoist, J. Gauthier, P. A. Calatayud, J. F. Silvain, B. P. Le Ru

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

This review covers nearly 20 years of studies on the ecology, physiology and genetics of the Hymenoptera Cotesia sesamiae, an African parasitoid of Lepidoptera that reduces populations of common maize borers in East and South Africa. The first part of the review presents studies based on sampling of C. sesamiae from maize crops in Kenya. From this agrosystem including one host plant and three main host borer species, studies revealed two genetically differentiated populations of C. sesamiae species adapted to their local host community, and showed that their differentiation involved the joint evolution of virulence genes and sensory mechanisms of …

Morganella Morganii (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) Is A Lethal Pathogen Of Mexican Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Larvae, Bacilio Salas, Hugh E. Conway, Erin Schuenzel, Kristen Hopperstad, Christopher Vitek, Don C. Vacek

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Tephritid pests, such as the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), represent a major threat to fruit production worldwide. In order to control these pests, sterile insect technique is used to suppress and eradicate wild populations. For this control method to be successful, hundreds of millions of flies must be produced weekly in mass rearing facilities. The large quantity of artificial diet and close proximity of flies at various life stages allows bacteria from family Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and others to multiply and spread more easily. In this study, bacteria with a possible pathogenic effect were isolated from Mexican fruit …

Horizontal Transmission Of Helicoverpa Armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (Hearnpv) In Soybean Fields Infested With Helicoverpa Zea (Boddie), Joseph Lee Black

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) is a commercially available viral biopesticide that targets Heliothines, including Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the most damaging pest of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in the Mid-South. Previous formulations of HearNPV have been well studied; however, no research has been published on current formulations. The first objective of this thesis was to assess the rate of horizontal transmission of HearNPV in a soybean field infested with H. zea when HearNPV was applied as a bio-insecticide, and to identify arthropods that are important obligate carriers in dissemination. HearNPV spread 200 feet in 3 fields, and was …

A Molecular Diagnostic Survey Of Pathogens And Parasites Of Honey Bees, Apis Mellifera L., From Arkansas And Oklahoma, Dylan Cleary

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The health and viability of colonies of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, in the United States have fluctuated dramatically over the past decade. This poses a substantial threat to agricultural production in this country. Currently, no single factor has been identified for this decline. Rather, it has been suggested that the interaction between multiple biotic and abiotic stressors may be responsible. Among these factors are pesticides, habitat loss, climate and weather, parasites and pathogens, and colony management techniques. For this reason, it is important to examine the prevalence of honey bee parasite and pathogen infection at the state level in …

Notes On The Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) Of Vietnam. 135. Contribution Towards The Knowledge Of Cicindelinae, Jürgen Wiesner, Aligi Bandinelli, Andrey Matalin

Insecta Mundi

Distributional records of the 177 tiger beetle species and subspecies known for Vietnam are given together with a key and habitus photos (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae). Tricondyla (Tricondyla) macrodera abruptesculpta Horn, 1925, Protocollyris festiva Naviaux, 2008, Neocollyris (Brachycollyris) purpureomaculata borea Naviaux, 1994, Neocollyris (Brachycollyris) torosa Naviaux, 2010, Neocollyris (Leptocollyris) rogeri Shook and Wu, 2006, Neocollyris (Leptocollyris) laosensis Naviaux, 1999, Neocollyris (Stenocollyris) rubens (Bates, 1878), Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) tricolor Naviaux, 1991, Neocollyris (Pachycollyris) panfilovi Naviaux and Matalin, 2002, Therates rugulosus Horn, 1900, Therates bannapecolus Sawada and Wiesner, 1999, Calochroa interruptofasciata flavolineata (Chaudoir, 1865), Cylindera (Ifasina) cyclobregma Acciavatti and Pearson, 1989, Cylindera (Ifasina) decolorata …

Description Of A New Species Of Adesmus Lepeletier And Audinet-Serville, 1825, Displaying Chromatic Dimorphism, From Bolivia (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Hemilophini), James E. Wappes, Antonio Santos-Silva

Insecta Mundi

Adesmus martinsi (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Hemilophini), a new species from Bolivia, is described, illustrated, and included in a previous key. The new species displays gender dimorphism in the pubescent pattern and in anatomical structure. Thus, Adesmus becomes the second genus recorded in the Hemilophini to have visual chromatic dimorphism.

Descripción De Un Nuevo Género Y Especie De Longicornio Áptero De Perú (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Cristian Pineda, Mauricio Cid-Arcos

Insecta Mundi

Se describe e ilustra Polytuberotum metachroma Pineda y Cid-Arcos gen. nov. y sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) proveniente de Perú. El nuevo género es fácilmente distinguible de Tuberolamia Breuning por su frente transversa y pronoto con espinas laterales y protuberancias discales.

Polytuberotum metachroma Pineda and Cid-Arcos gen. nov. and sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Peru is described and illustrated. The new genus is easily distinguished from Tuberolamia Breuning by its transverse frons and pronotum with lateral spines and discal protuberances.

Description Of The Female Of Solenoptera Tomentosa Lingafelter, 2015 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae: Solenopterini), Sergio Devesa, Elier Fonseca, Alejandro Barro

Insecta Mundi

The female of Solenoptera tomentosa Lingafelter, 2015 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae: Solenopterini) is described and illustrated for the first time.

La hembra de Solenoptera tomentosa Lingafelter, 2015 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae: Solenopterini) es descrita e ilustrada por primera vez.

A Preliminary Catalogue Of The Moths (Lepidoptera Except Papilionoidea) Of Tobago, West Indies, Matthew J. W. Cock

Insecta Mundi

This catalogue comprises records of 355 species of moths (non-papilionoid Lepidoptera) from Tobago, of which 15 are partially identified. Of this total, all except 17 (5%) are known from Trinidad, although not all these records from Trinidad are published yet. Of these 17, eleven are expected to occur in Trinidad as they also occur on the mainland of South America and two are only known from Tobago but will probably also occur in Trinidad. This leaves just four species (1% of the total) that are known from the Lesser Antilles and are currently not known from further south than Tobago. …

Contribution To The Knowledge Of Chilean Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea), Danilo E. Cepeda

Insecta Mundi

A synopsis of the Chilean Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea) is presented, including an annotated list of species with geographic distributions and a compilation of previous references. New distribution records for four species are provided.

Spanish abstract

Se presenta una sinopsis de los Gelechiidae de Chile (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea), que incluye un listado, con su distribución geográfica y una recopilación de antecedentes bibliográficos previos. Se entregan nuevos registros de distribución para cuatro especies.

Current Status Of Pseudococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) In South Korea, Ah-Ram Son, Soo-Jung Suh

Insecta Mundi

Thirty-one species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are reported from South Korea based upon monitoring surveys conducted from 2010 to 2016, along with a dichotomous key to separate them. Six species, Nipaecoccus nipae (Maskell), Palmicultor lumpurensis (Takahashi), Planococcus citri (Risso), Pseudococcus dendrobiorum Williams, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti), and Pseudococcus orchidicola Takahashi, known only to occur in greenhouses, are considered as adventive mealybug species to South Korea; of these, P. citri has already established in the exterior environment in South Korea.

The Owlet Moths Of Ohio, Order Lepidoptera Family Noctuidae, By Roy W. Rings, Eric Metzler, Fred J. Arnold, And David H. Harris. 1992. Published By College Of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, In Cooperation With Ohio Department Of Natural Resources, Division Of Wildlife And The Ohio Lepidopterists, Columbus, Ohio 43210. Vi + 219 Pp., 9 Text Figures, 8 Color Plates, 8 Black And White Plates. Soft Cover, 8.5 X 11 In.(21.6 X 27.9 Cm), Issn 0078-3994, $20.00 U.S., Mogens Nielsen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The authors are to be commended for producing an extremely useful and thoroughly complete compilation of this fascinating but frequently ignored group of Lepidoptera. Itis, without a doubt, the finest state systematic check- list that this reviewer has previously read and one that will probably not be exceeded in the near future. This monograph, a systematic checklist of the owlet moths (Noctuidae) of Ohio, is the second monograph to present the lepidopterological results of a cooperative effort among the Ohio Biological Survey, the Ohio Lepidopterists, and the Ohio Department of Natural His- tory. It follows a very comprehensive survey …

Occurrence Of Ululodes Quadrimaculata (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) In Michigan, Douglas R. Spencer

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The first published record of the owlfly, Ululodes quadrimaculata from Michigan is reported. Other verified distribution records from Michigan are listed along with published accounts of the species in the Great Lakes region.

First Records Of Gomphaeschna Furcillata And Anax Longipes In Wisconsin (Odonata: Aeshnidae), K. J. Tennessen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The two new records of Odonata reported here for Wisconsin are north- western range extensions for each species.

The genus Gomphaeschna Selys contains two species, antilope (Hagen) and furcillata (Say), the distributions of which are limited to eastern North America. Gomphaeschna antilope ranges from New Jersey west to Ohio and south to Louisiana and Florida (Needham and Westfall 1955). Gomphaeschna furcillata is similarly distributed in the south, but ranges further north, to Nova Scotia and Maine eastward, and to Michigan westward.

Ixodes Dentatus (Acari: Ixodidae) In Michigan: First State Records And Occurrence On A Human, Edward D. Walker, Melvin L. Poplar, Howard L. Russell

The Great Lakes Entomologist

An Ixodes dentatus adult female was taken from a cottontail rabbit in Kalamazoo County, and a nymph from a child in Berrien County, in 1992 in Michigan. These findings represent the first records of I.dentatus in the state, and document an unusual parasitization of a human being by this species of tick.

Carnivory In Adult Female Eumenid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) And Its Effect On Egg Production, Charles F. Chilcutt, David P. Cowan

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Seventy captive adult female wasps of the eumenid genera Ancistrocerus and Euodynerus were observed to feed on multiple prey items. It was shown experimentally that E. foraminatus females that fed on prey had significantly larger egg volumes than adult wasps deprived of prey.

Comparative Aspects Of Mating Behavior Patterns In Six Species Of Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), Lee C. Drickamer, J. E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Mating sequences were analyzed for six species of stink bugs using video- tapes. The results consisted of qualitative descriptions of the precopulatory activities of the pairs and quantitative analyses of the number and direction of mating sequences, including the latency to and duration of copulatory lock. It was possible to quantitatively characterize each of the six species tested. In addition, certain infrequent behavior patterns, e.g., head butts, were observed for some species and not others. The results extend the previous information on mating activities in stink bugs, particularly for Euschistus. We interpret our findings with regard to reproductive strategies …

Epigeal And Flight Activity Of Coleoptera In A Commercial Raspberry Plantation And Adjacent Sites In Southern Quebec (Canada): Introduction And Nitidulidae, Claire Levesque, Gilles-Yvon Levesque

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We studied the epigeal and flight activity of Coleoptera in a commercial raspberry plantation and adjacent sites in southern Quebec, from 1987-1989. In this first paper, we present the results for the Nitidulidae. Pitfall traps yielded 521 beetles representing 15 species; Glischrochilus quadrisignatus represented 86% of catches in raspberry rows (old and young plants), and Epuraea spp. were the most abundant nitidulids in a woods-field boundary and in a pine woods. Nitidulids in flight interception traps comprised 2179 individuals of 28 species; Meligethes nigrescens was the most abundant species in open sites around the raspberry plantation, while Epuraea avara and …

Ecological Observations On Predatory Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) In Southwestern Michigan, K. M. Maredia, S. H. Gage, D. A. Landis, T. M. Wirth

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Ecological observations on habitat utilization by thirteen species of predatory Coccinellidae were made at a southern Michigan site during 1989 and 1990. Most of species were common during both years and used both agricul- tural and uncultivated habitats. Coccinella septempunctata and Coleomegilla maculata, were the most abundant in agricultural crops (alfalfa, maize, soy- bean and triticale), whereas Adalia bipunctata and Cycloneda munda, were the most abundant in deciduous and bushy habitats.

Factors Influencing Oviposition In Aedes Triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae), Jeffrey Beehler, Sharon Lohr, Gene Defoliart

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Five factors associated with natural oviposition sites were tested for their attractancy to ovipositing Aedes triseriatus, including dyed oviposition water, presence of decaying organic matter, a dark oviposition container, water in which conspecific larvae have been reared to the 4th instar and the presence of eggs on the balsa wood oviposition substrate. A replicated fractional factorial design was used to examine the effects of the above factors on oviposition behavior in laboratory experiments. Regression analysis showed dyed oviposition water and eggs on the oviposition substrate to be statistically significant attractants for ovipositing A. triseriatus females. The attraction to dyed …

Effects Of Neighboring Nectar-Producing Plants On Populations Of Pest Lepidoptera And Their Parasitoids In Broccoli Plantings, J. Z. Zhao, G. S. Ayers, E. J. Grafius, F. W. Stehr

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Eggs and larvae of the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae, were much more abundant in broccoli interplanted with nectar-producing plants than in broccoli monoculture. More diamondback moth larvae, Plutella xylostella, occurred in broccoli interplanted with or adjacent to nectar-producing plants than in broccoli monoculture. Density of cabbage looper larvae, Trichoplusia ni, was similar among the three types of broccoli plantings. For Cotesia rubecula, established in Michigan after introduction from Yugoslavia, pupae were more numerous in broccoli interplanted with nectar-producing plants than in other plots. High parasitism rates of diamondback moth, mainly by Diadegma insulare, were observed in …

Suitability Of Selected Broad-Leaved Weeds For Survival And Growth Of Two Stalk-Boring Hydraecia Species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Bruce L. Giebunk, J. Mark Scriber, John L. Wedberg

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Third instar hop vine borer (Hydraecia immanis) and potato stem borer (H. micacea) are new pest species on corn in the Midwest. Early instar larvae feed on small-stemmed grasses, and later instar larvae switch to broad- stemmed hosts to complete development. In order to assess potential suitability of various weeds of corn fields, larvae were reared on seven selected broad- leaved plants for 16-18 days under greenhouse conditions to determine their feeding behavior and performance. Domestic plants included hop (Humulus lupulus) and potato (Solanum tuberosum); weed species included curly dock (Rumex crisp us), redroot pigweed …

Effects Of Aspen Phenolic Glycosides On Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Susceptibility To Bacillus Thuringiensis, Gavin E. Arteel, Richard L. Lindroth

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Performance of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, on quaking aspen, Populus tremuloides, is strongly affected by foliar concentrations of phenolic glycosides. Because the microbial insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used against gypsy moths and has a mode of action similar to that of phenolic glycosIdes, we investigated the combined effects of the two toxins on gypsy moth larvae. The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial: two levels (0, +) of phenolicglycosides for each of two levels (0, +) of B. thuringiensis. The toxins were incorporated into artificial diets and bioassayed against first and fourth instars. …

Northerly-Outlying Records Of Two Species Of Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) In Michigan, John F. Douglass

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(Excerpt)

The Grand Traverse Region of Lower Michigan is of special interest zoo- geographically in that it includes the northernmost known localities for various species of organisms characteristic of the Carolinian Biotic Province (Douglass 1977, 1983; McCann 1979).