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2016

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Articles 301 - 330 of 364

Full-Text Articles in Entomology

Changes In The Proteome Of Langat-Infected Ixodes Scapularis Ise6 Cells: Metabolic Pathways Associated With Flavivirus Infection, Jeffrey M. Grabowski, Rushika Perera, Ali M. Roumani, Victoria E. Hedrick, Halina Dorota Inerowicz, Catherine A. Hill, Richard Kuhn Jan 2016

Changes In The Proteome Of Langat-Infected Ixodes Scapularis Ise6 Cells: Metabolic Pathways Associated With Flavivirus Infection, Jeffrey M. Grabowski, Rushika Perera, Ali M. Roumani, Victoria E. Hedrick, Halina Dorota Inerowicz, Catherine A. Hill, Richard Kuhn

Department of Entomology Faculty Publications

Background: Ticks (Family Ixodidae) transmit a variety of disease causing agents to humans and animals. The tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFs; family Flaviviridae) are a complex of viruses, many of which cause encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever, and represent global threats to human health and biosecurity. Pathogenesis has been well studied in human and animal disease models. Equivalent analyses of tick-flavivirus interactions are limited and represent an area of study that could reveal novel approaches for TBF control. Methodology/Principal Findings: High resolution LC-MS/MS was used to analyze the proteome of Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease tick) embryonic ISE6 cells following infection with Langat virus …


Differential Gene Expression In Varroa Jacobsoni Mites Following A Host Shift To European Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera), Gladys K. Andino, Michael R. Gribskov, Denis L. Anderson, Jay D. Evans, Greg Hunt Jan 2016

Differential Gene Expression In Varroa Jacobsoni Mites Following A Host Shift To European Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera), Gladys K. Andino, Michael R. Gribskov, Denis L. Anderson, Jay D. Evans, Greg Hunt

Department of Entomology Faculty Publications

Background: Varroa mites are widely considered the biggest honey bee health problem worldwide. Until recently, Varroa jacobsoni has been found to live and reproduce only in Asian honey bee (Apis cerana) colonies, while V. destructor successfully reproduces in both A. cerana and A. mellifera colonies. However, we have identified an island population of V. jacobsoni that is highly destructive to A. mellifera, the primary species used for pollination and honey production. The ability of these populations of mites to cross the host species boundary potentially represents an enormous threat to apiculture, and is presumably due to genetic variation that exists …


Metatranscriptome Analysis Reveals Bacterial Symbiont Contributions To Lower Termite Physiology And Potential Immune Functions., Brittany F. Peterson, Michael E. Scharf Jan 2016

Metatranscriptome Analysis Reveals Bacterial Symbiont Contributions To Lower Termite Physiology And Potential Immune Functions., Brittany F. Peterson, Michael E. Scharf

Department of Entomology Faculty Publications

Background: Symbioses throughout the animal kingdom are known to extend physiological and ecological capabilities to hosts. Insect-microbe associations are extremely common and are often related to novel niche exploitation, fitness advantages, and even speciation events. These phenomena include expansions in host diet, detoxification of insecticides and toxins, and increased defense against pathogens. However, dissecting the contributions of individual groups of symbionts at the molecular level is often underexplored due to methodological and analytical limitations. Termites are one of the best studied systems for physiological collaborations between host and symbiota however, most work in lower termites (those with bacterial and protist …


Differential Transmission Of Two Isolates Of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus By Five Wheat Curl Mite Populations, E. N. Wosula, Anthony J. Mcmechan, C. Oliveira-Hofman, Stephen N. Wegulo, G. L. Hein Jan 2016

Differential Transmission Of Two Isolates Of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus By Five Wheat Curl Mite Populations, E. N. Wosula, Anthony J. Mcmechan, C. Oliveira-Hofman, Stephen N. Wegulo, G. L. Hein

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), type member of the genus Tritimovirus in the family Potyviridae, is an economically important virus causing annual average yield losses of approximately 2 to 3% in winter wheat across the Great Plains. The wheat curl mite (WCM), Aceria tosichella, transmits WSMV along with two other viruses found throughout the Great Plains of the United States. Two common genotypes of WSMV (Sidney 81 and Type) in the United States share 97.6% nucleotide sequence identity but their transmission relationships with the WCM are unknown. The objective of this study was to determine transmission of these …


Pyrosequencing The Midgut Transcriptome Of The Banana Weevil Cosmopolites Sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Reveals Multiple Protease-Like Transcripts, Arnubio Valencia, Haichuan Wang, Alberto Soto, Manuel Aristizabal, Jorge W. Arboleda, Seong-Il Eyun, Daniel D. Noriega, Blair Siegfried Jan 2016

Pyrosequencing The Midgut Transcriptome Of The Banana Weevil Cosmopolites Sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Reveals Multiple Protease-Like Transcripts, Arnubio Valencia, Haichuan Wang, Alberto Soto, Manuel Aristizabal, Jorge W. Arboleda, Seong-Il Eyun, Daniel D. Noriega, Blair Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus is an important and serious insect pest in most banana and plantain-growing areas of the world. In spite of the economic importance of this insect pest very little genomic and transcriptomic information exists for this species. In the present study, we characterized the midgut transcriptome of C. sordidus using massive 454-pyrosequencing. We generated over 590,000 sequencing reads that assembled into 30,840 contigs with more than 400 bp, representing a significant expansion of existing sequences available for this insect pest. Among them, 16,427 contigs contained one or more GO terms. In addition, 15,263 contigs were assigned …


Carbon Dioxide Receptor Genes And Their Expression Profile In Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera, Thais B. Rodrigues, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Hang Wang, Chitvan Khajuria, Blair D. Siegfried Jan 2016

Carbon Dioxide Receptor Genes And Their Expression Profile In Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera, Thais B. Rodrigues, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Hang Wang, Chitvan Khajuria, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Background: Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, western corn rootworm, is one of the most devastating species in North America. D. v. virgifera neonates crawl through the soil to locate the roots on which they feed. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the important volatile cues that attract D. v. virgifera larvae to roots.

Results: In this study, we identified three putative D. v. virgifera gustatory receptor genes (Dvv_Gr1, Dvv_Gr2, and Dvv_Gr3). Phylogenetic analyses confirmed their orthologous relationships with known insect CO2 receptor genes from Drosophila, mosquitoes, and Tribolium. The phylogenetic reconstruction of insect CO2 receptor proteins …


Spiders From Multiple Functional Guilds Are Exposed To Bt-Endotoxins In Transgenic Corn Fields Via Prey And Pollen Consumption, Julie A. Peterson, John J. Obrycki, James D. Harwood Jan 2016

Spiders From Multiple Functional Guilds Are Exposed To Bt-Endotoxins In Transgenic Corn Fields Via Prey And Pollen Consumption, Julie A. Peterson, John J. Obrycki, James D. Harwood

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A comprehensive assessment of risk to natural enemies from Bt-endotoxins from bioengineered crops must evaluate potential harm, as well as exposure pathways in non-target arthropod food webs. Despite being abundant generalist predators in agricultural fields, spiders (Araneae) have often been overlooked in the context of Bt crop risk assessment. Spiders and their prey were collected from transgenic corn fields expressing lepidopteran-specific Cry1Ab, coleopteran-specific Cry3Bb1, both proteins, and a non-transgenic near isoline. Spiders and prey were screened for Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb1 using qualitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spiders from the three most common functional guilds, wandering sheet-tangle weavers, orb-weavers, and ground runners, …


Efficacy Of Transport Mikron Against Nuisance Ants When Applied Around Structures, 2015, Sanjay Basnet, Dina Richman, Ralph B. Narain, Shripat T. Kamble Jan 2016

Efficacy Of Transport Mikron Against Nuisance Ants When Applied Around Structures, 2015, Sanjay Basnet, Dina Richman, Ralph B. Narain, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Ants are nuisance pests around the homes and other structures. Insecticide baits and sprays are commonly used for controlling ants. The research was conducted to determine efficacy of Transport Mikron and Temprid SC against these nuisance ants. The trial was conducted around two buildings on East Campus, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE. A total of 20 experimental plots were established with 3 ft buffer zone between individual plots. The dimension of each experimental plot consists of 20 ft lengthx10 ft width + 3 ft high on foundation wall (260 ft2). Each treatment was replicated four times yielding 1040 …


Natural History Of Javeta Pallida Baly, 1858 On Phoenix Palms In India (Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae, Coelaenomenoderini), Koormath Mohammed Shameem, Kaniyarikkal Divakaran Prathapan, Mannankadiyan Nasser, Caroline Simmrita Chaboo Jan 2016

Natural History Of Javeta Pallida Baly, 1858 On Phoenix Palms In India (Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae, Coelaenomenoderini), Koormath Mohammed Shameem, Kaniyarikkal Divakaran Prathapan, Mannankadiyan Nasser, Caroline Simmrita Chaboo

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Members of the Old World hispine tribe, Coelaenomenoderini, are documented on host plants of Are­caceae, Cyperaceae, and Zingiberales. A few species are renowned pests of oil palm, especially in Africa. The host plants and natural history of Javeta pallida Baly, 1858, the only Indian species of the tribe, is reported for the first time. These beetles can densely infest indigenous wild date palms, Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb. (Arecaceae), and also use the introduced date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., which is an expand­ing crop in India. Javeta females lay single eggs and cover each with an ootheca. All larval stages mine …


Carbon Dioxide Receptor Genes And Their Expression Profile In Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera, Thais B. Rodrigues, Estuko N. Moriyama, Hang Wang, Chitvan Khajuria, Blair D. Siegfried Jan 2016

Carbon Dioxide Receptor Genes And Their Expression Profile In Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera, Thais B. Rodrigues, Estuko N. Moriyama, Hang Wang, Chitvan Khajuria, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Background: Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, western corn rootworm, is one of the most devastating species in North America. D. v. virgifera neonates crawl through the soil to locate the roots on which they feed. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the important volatile cues that attract D. v. virgifera larvae to roots.

Results: In this study, we identified three putative D. v. virgifera gustatory receptor genes (Dvv_Gr1, Dvv_Gr2, and Dvv_Gr3). Phylogenetic analyses confirmed their orthologous relationships with known insect CO2 receptor genes from Drosophila, mosquitoes, and Tribolium. The phylogenetic reconstruction of insect CO2 receptor …


Predominantly Left-Dominant Mandibular Chirality In Coleoptera, Mathew L. Brust, W. Wyatt Hoback Jan 2016

Predominantly Left-Dominant Mandibular Chirality In Coleoptera, Mathew L. Brust, W. Wyatt Hoback

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Patterns of mandible chirality have been virtually unexplored in beetles, apart from a single study in 2010. Here we present the mandible chirality trends found in 58 beetle species representing the families Carabidae (52 species), Cerambycidae (three species), and Silphidae (three species) that display overlapping mandibles. Mandible chirality was not random in the groups examined, all of which exhibited a dominant trend towards left-superiority. The degree to which each taxonomic group displayed the left-superior trend differed, with tiger beetles showing the greatest dominance (99%) and longhorned beetles the weakest (71%).


Two New Species Of South American Glaresidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), M. J. Paulsen Jan 2016

Two New Species Of South American Glaresidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), M. J. Paulsen

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Two new species of South American Glaresidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) are described: Glaresis smithi Paulsen, new species from Argentina, and Glaresis mondacai Paulsen, new species from Chile and Peru. The species are compared to their closest congener, Glaresis fritzi Martínez et al., and a key is provided for the known South American species of the genus Glaresis Erichson.


Lawrence W. Saylor, Coleopterist Extraordinaire, Brett C. Ratcliffe Jan 2016

Lawrence W. Saylor, Coleopterist Extraordinaire, Brett C. Ratcliffe

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Lawrence Saylor was a preeminent scarab beetle taxonomist during the 1930s and 1940s who produced a large and significant body of taxonomic work in a relatively short period of time. We know very little about him due, in some measure, to the fact that insect taxonomy was a sideline to his many other professional employments. A review of Saylor’s life is provided here based upon new information recently acquired as well as a brief review of his scientific publications.


Intraplant Communication In Maize Contributes To Defense Against Insects, Suresh Varsani, Saumik Basu, W. Paul Williams, Gary W. Felton, Dawn S. Luthe Jan 2016

Intraplant Communication In Maize Contributes To Defense Against Insects, Suresh Varsani, Saumik Basu, W. Paul Williams, Gary W. Felton, Dawn S. Luthe

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The vasculature of plants act as a channel for transport of signal(s) that facilitate long-distance intraplant communication. In maize, Maize insect resistance1-Cysteine Protease (Mir1-CP), which has homology to papain-like proteases, provides defense to different feeding guilds of insect pests. Furthermore, accumulation of Mir1-CP in the vasculature suggests that Mir1-CP can potentially function as a phloemmobile protein. In a recent study, we provided evidence that Mir1-CP can curtail the growth of phloemsap sucking insect, corn leaf aphid (CLA; Rhopalosiphum maidis). Our current study further examined whether aboveground feeding by CLA can induce resistance to subsequent herbivory by belowground feeding western …


The Scarab Collections At The University Of Oslo, Norway (Zmun) And The Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles De Belgique, Belgium (Irsnb), Brett C. Ratcliffe Jan 2016

The Scarab Collections At The University Of Oslo, Norway (Zmun) And The Institut Royal Des Sciences Naturelles De Belgique, Belgium (Irsnb), Brett C. Ratcliffe

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

In January 2016, I traveled to the University of Oslo in Norway to serve as an external examiner for a dissertation defense (on scarabs!) and took the opportunity to study the scarabs in their research collections (Zoological Museum, University of Oslo; ZMUN; http://www.nhm.uio.no/english/). The curator is Vladimir Gusarov (Fig. 1), who is a specialist in Staphylinidae. These collections are of moderate size, and, as you might expect, their holdings are primarily Palearctic and divided into Norwegian and World collections. The specimens are arranged well and housed in modern cabinetry (Fig. 2). Unit trays are employed in the drawers (Fig. 3) …


Land Use In The Northern Great Plains Region Of The U.S. Influences The Survival And Productivity Of Honey Bee Colonies, Matthew D. Smart, Jeff S. Pettis, Ned Euliss, Marla S. Spivak Jan 2016

Land Use In The Northern Great Plains Region Of The U.S. Influences The Survival And Productivity Of Honey Bee Colonies, Matthew D. Smart, Jeff S. Pettis, Ned Euliss, Marla S. Spivak

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The Northern Great Plains region of the US annually hosts a large portion of commercially managed U.S. honey bee colonies each summer. Changing land use patterns over the last several decades have contributed to declines in the availability of bee forage across the region, and the future sustainability of the region to support honey bee colonies is unclear. We examined the influence of varying land use on the survivorship and productivity of honey bee colonies located in six apiaries within the Northern Great Plains state of North Dakota, an area of intensive agriculture and high density of beekeeping operations. Land …


Linking Measures Of Colony And Individual Honey Bee Health To Survival Among Apiaries Exposed To Varying Agricultural Land Use, Matthew D. Smart, Jeff Pettis, Nathan Rice, Zac Browning, Marla Spivak Jan 2016

Linking Measures Of Colony And Individual Honey Bee Health To Survival Among Apiaries Exposed To Varying Agricultural Land Use, Matthew D. Smart, Jeff Pettis, Nathan Rice, Zac Browning, Marla Spivak

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We previously characterized and quantified the influence of land use on survival and productivity of colonies positioned in six apiaries and found that colonies in apiaries surrounded by more land in uncultivated forage experienced greater annual survival, and generally more honey production. Here, detailed metrics of honey bee health were assessed over three years in colonies positioned in the same six apiaries. The colonies were located in North Dakota during the summer months and were transported to California for almond pollination every winter. Our aim was to identify relationships among measures of colony and individual bee health that impacted and …


Incidence Of Spodoptera Litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) And Its Feeding Potential On Various Citrus (Sapindales: Rutaceae) Cultivars In The Sargodha Region Of Pakistan, Muhammad Ullah, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Afzal, Samina Khalid, Muqadas Saleem, Irfan Mustafa, Yasir Iftikhar, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster Jan 2016

Incidence Of Spodoptera Litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) And Its Feeding Potential On Various Citrus (Sapindales: Rutaceae) Cultivars In The Sargodha Region Of Pakistan, Muhammad Ullah, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Afzal, Samina Khalid, Muqadas Saleem, Irfan Mustafa, Yasir Iftikhar, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) adversely affects important crops such as cotton, okra, tomato, potato, and pumpkin. For the first time, this species was observed in a citrus nursery in the Sargodha Region of Pakistan. The principal objectives of this study were to determine the effects of several citrus (Sapindales: Rutaceae) cultivars, including Citrus reticulata Blanco (Feutrell’s Early, Seedless Kinnow, and Fairchild mandarin orange) and Citrus paradisi Macfad. (grapefruit), on feeding by S. litura, and the effects of these plants on the growth of the insect. Based on performance of 3rd instars, Feutrell’s Early and Seedless Kinnow supported maximum …


Ecology And Management Of Pemphigus Betae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) In Sugar Beet, Rudolph J. Pretorius, Gary L. Hein, Jeff Bradshaw Jan 2016

Ecology And Management Of Pemphigus Betae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) In Sugar Beet, Rudolph J. Pretorius, Gary L. Hein, Jeff Bradshaw

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Pemphigus betae Doane (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a sporadic pest of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. vulgaris) in all major sugar beet production regions of North America. These oval-shaped, pale-yellowish insects, with a body length ranging from 1.9–2.4mm, secrete a waxy material, giving their subterranean colonies a moldy appearance. Poplars in the genus Populus L. are the preferred primary hosts, while sugar beet and certain weed species, such as common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and kochia (Kochia scoparia (L.)), are among the secondary hosts. Pemphigus betae has a complex and varied life cycle and is usually …


Introgression Of Chromosome Segments From Multiple Alien Species In Wheat Breeding Lines With Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Resistance, N. Ali, J. S. Heslop-Harrison, H. Ahmad, R. A. Graybosch, Gary L. Hein, T. Schwarzacher Jan 2016

Introgression Of Chromosome Segments From Multiple Alien Species In Wheat Breeding Lines With Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Resistance, N. Ali, J. S. Heslop-Harrison, H. Ahmad, R. A. Graybosch, Gary L. Hein, T. Schwarzacher

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Pyramiding of alien-derived Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) resistance and resistance enhancing genes in wheat is a costeffective and environmentally safe strategy for disease control. PCR-based markers and cytogenetic analysis with genomic in situ hybridisation were applied to identify alien chromatin in four genetically diverse populations of wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines incorporating chromosome segments from Thinopyrum intermedium and Secale cereale (rye). Out of 20 experimental lines, 10 carried Th. intermedium chromatin as T4DL*4Ai#2S translocations, while, unexpectedly, 7 lines were positive for alien chromatin (Th. intermedium or rye) on chromosome 1B. The newly described rye 1RS chromatin, transmitted …


Honey Bee Gut Microbiome Is Altered By In-Hive Pesticide Exposures, Madhavi L. Kakumanu, Alison M. Reeves, Troy D. Anderson, Richard R. Rodrigues, Mark A. Williams Jan 2016

Honey Bee Gut Microbiome Is Altered By In-Hive Pesticide Exposures, Madhavi L. Kakumanu, Alison M. Reeves, Troy D. Anderson, Richard R. Rodrigues, Mark A. Williams

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Honey bees (Apismellifera) are the primary pollinators of major horticultural crops. Over the last few decades, a substantial decline in honey bees and their colonies have been reported. While a plethora of factors could contribute to the putative decline, pathogens, and pesticides are common concerns that draw attention. In addition to potential direct effects on honey bees, indirect pesticide effects could include alteration of essential gut microbial communities and symbionts that are important to honey bee health (e.g.,immunesystem). The primary objective of this study was to determine the microbiome associated with honey bees exposed to commonly used in-hive …


Effects Of Pesticide Treatments On Nutrient Levels In Worker Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera), Haley K. Feazel-Orr, Katelyn M. Catalfamo, Carlyle C. Brewster, Richard D. Fell, Troy D. Anderson, Breanna E. Traver Jan 2016

Effects Of Pesticide Treatments On Nutrient Levels In Worker Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera), Haley K. Feazel-Orr, Katelyn M. Catalfamo, Carlyle C. Brewster, Richard D. Fell, Troy D. Anderson, Breanna E. Traver

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Honey bee colony loss continues to be an issue and no factor has been singled out as to the cause. In this study, we sought to determine whether two beekeeper-applied pesticide products, tau-fluvalinate and Fumagilin-B, and one agrochemical, chlorothalonil, impact the nutrient levels in honey bee workers in a natural colony environment. Treatments were performed in-hive and at three different periods (fall, spring, and summer) over the course of one year. Bees were sampled both at pre-treatment and two and four weeks post-treatment, weighed, and their protein and carbohydrate levels were determined using BCA and anthrone based biochemical assays, respectively. …


Effects From Early Planting Of Late-Maturing Sunflowers On Damage From Primary Insect Pests In The United States, J. R. Prasifka, L. F. Marek, D. K. Lee, S. B. Thapa, V. Hahn, J. D. Bradshaw Jan 2016

Effects From Early Planting Of Late-Maturing Sunflowers On Damage From Primary Insect Pests In The United States, J. R. Prasifka, L. F. Marek, D. K. Lee, S. B. Thapa, V. Hahn, J. D. Bradshaw

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Delayed planting is recommended to reduce damage from sunflower insect pests in the United States, including the sunflower moth, Homoeosoma electellum (Hulst) and banded sunflower moth, Cochylis hospes Walsingham. However, in some locations, planting earlier or growing later-maturing hybrids could improve yield or oil content of sunflowers which would partially offset any added costs from insect pests or their management. Because the abundance and distribution of some sunflower insects have changed since recommendations for delayed planting were developed, experimental plots were grown in 2012 and 2013 at sites in North Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, and Illinois. Sunflowers were planted two to …


Identification Of An Orthologous Clade Of Peroxidases That Respond To Feeding By Greenbugs (Schizaphis Graminum) In C4 Grasses, Erin D. Scully, Teresa Donze-Reiner, Haichuan Wang, Thomas Eickhoff, Fred Baxendale, Paul Twigg, Frank Kovacs, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Scott E. Sattler, Gautam Sarath Jan 2016

Identification Of An Orthologous Clade Of Peroxidases That Respond To Feeding By Greenbugs (Schizaphis Graminum) In C4 Grasses, Erin D. Scully, Teresa Donze-Reiner, Haichuan Wang, Thomas Eickhoff, Fred Baxendale, Paul Twigg, Frank Kovacs, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Scott E. Sattler, Gautam Sarath

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Knowledge of specific peroxidases that respond to aphid herbivory is limited in C4 grasses, but could provide targets for improving defence against these pests. A sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) peroxidase (SbPrx-1; Sobic.002G416700) has been previously linked to biotic stress responses, and was the starting point for this study. Genomic analyses indicated that SbPrx-1 was part of a clade of five closely related peroxidase genes occurring within a ~30 kb region on chromosome 2 of the sorghum genome. Comparison of this ~30-kb region to syntenic regions in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and foxtail millet (Setaria …


Tolerance Of Ks-4202 Soybean To The Attack Of Bemisia Tabaci Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Patrícia L. Cruz, Edson L.L. Baldin, Leysimar R.P. Guimarães, Luiz E.R. Pannuti, Giuseppina P.P. Lima, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Thomas E. Hunt Jan 2016

Tolerance Of Ks-4202 Soybean To The Attack Of Bemisia Tabaci Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Patrícia L. Cruz, Edson L.L. Baldin, Leysimar R.P. Guimarães, Luiz E.R. Pannuti, Giuseppina P.P. Lima, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Thomas E. Hunt

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is considered one of the most important pests of soybean, Glycine max L. (Merrill) (Fabaceae), in Brazil and worldwide. Although chemical control still represents the principal strategy used to control this insect, less aggressive strategies such as the use of resistant genotypes stand out as potentially efficient alternatives for integrated pest management programs. This study aimed to evaluate the possible occurrence of tolerance to B. tabaci biotype B in the ‘KS-4202’ soybean genotype, which is already recognized as tolerant to Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the United States. The ‘Conquista’ Brazilian cultivar …


Temperature-Dependent Wsm1 And Wsm2 Gene-Specific Blockage Of Viral Long-Distance Transport Provides Resistance To Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus And Triticum Mosaic Virus In Wheat, Satyanarayana Tatineni, E. N. Wosula, Melissa S. Bartels, Gary L. Hein, Robert A. Graybosch Jan 2016

Temperature-Dependent Wsm1 And Wsm2 Gene-Specific Blockage Of Viral Long-Distance Transport Provides Resistance To Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus And Triticum Mosaic Virus In Wheat, Satyanarayana Tatineni, E. N. Wosula, Melissa S. Bartels, Gary L. Hein, Robert A. Graybosch

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) are economically important viral pathogens of wheat. Wheat cvs.Mace, carrying the Wsm1 gene, is resistant toWSMV and TriMV, and Snowmass, with Wsm2, is resistant to WSMV. Viral resistance in both cultivars is temperature sensitive and is effective at 18˚C or below but not at higher temperatures. The underlying mechanisms of viral resistance of Wsm1 and Wsm2, nonallelic single dominant genes, are not known. In this study, we found that fluorescent protein–tagged WSMV and TriMV elicited foci that were approximately similar in number and size at 18 and 24˚C, …


Biology And Economics Of Recommendations For Insecticide-Based Management Of Soybean Aphid, Robert L. Koch, Bruce D. Potter, Phillip A. Glogoza, Erin W. Hodgson, Christian H. Krupke, John F. Tooker, Christina D. Difonzo, Andrew P. Michel, Kelley J. Tilmon, Travis J. Prochaska, Janet J. Knodel, Robert Wright, Thomas E. Hunt, Bryan Jensen, Adam J. Varenhorst, Brian P. Mccornack, Kelly A. Estes, Joseph L. Spencer Jan 2016

Biology And Economics Of Recommendations For Insecticide-Based Management Of Soybean Aphid, Robert L. Koch, Bruce D. Potter, Phillip A. Glogoza, Erin W. Hodgson, Christian H. Krupke, John F. Tooker, Christina D. Difonzo, Andrew P. Michel, Kelley J. Tilmon, Travis J. Prochaska, Janet J. Knodel, Robert Wright, Thomas E. Hunt, Bryan Jensen, Adam J. Varenhorst, Brian P. Mccornack, Kelly A. Estes, Joseph L. Spencer

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, remains the key insect pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, in the north-central United States. Management of this pest has relied primarily on scouting and application of foliar insecticides based on an economic threshold (ET) of 250 aphids per plant. This review explains why this ET remains valid for soybean aphid management, despite changes in crop value and input costs. In particular, we review how soybean aphid impacts soybean yield, the role of biology and economics in recommendations for soybean aphid management, and the short- and long-term consequences of inappropriately timed insecticide applications.


Host Utilization Of Tbe Endoparasitoid, Cotesia Glomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) In Different Instars Of Pieris Brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), M. I. Ullah, Muhammad Arshad, S. Ali, Yasir Iftikhar, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster Jan 2016

Host Utilization Of Tbe Endoparasitoid, Cotesia Glomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) In Different Instars Of Pieris Brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), M. I. Ullah, Muhammad Arshad, S. Ali, Yasir Iftikhar, Jaime Molina-Ochoa, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Pieris brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) is a destructive pest of brassicaceous plants around the world. Biological control of this pest has attained much attention being environment friendly. Parasitism rate and growth of the endoparasitoid species, Cotesia giomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was studied on first (L I) and second (L2) larval instars of P. brassicae. Adult fresh mass and developmental time ofthe parasitoid was higher when it parasitized Ll than L2 of host larvae. Thus, host instars contributed significant variations to parasitoids adult mass accumulation during their development. Parasitized host caterpillars in L2 grew significantly larger than in L …


Developing An In Vivo Toxicity Assay For Rnai Risk Assessment In Honey Bees, Apis Mellifera L, Ana María Vélez, Jessica Jurzenski, Natalie Matz, Xuguo Zhou, Haichuan Wang, Marion D. Ellis, Blair Siegfried Jan 2016

Developing An In Vivo Toxicity Assay For Rnai Risk Assessment In Honey Bees, Apis Mellifera L, Ana María Vélez, Jessica Jurzenski, Natalie Matz, Xuguo Zhou, Haichuan Wang, Marion D. Ellis, Blair Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Maize plants expressing dsRNA for the management of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera are likely to be commercially available by the end of this decade. Honey bees, Apis mellifera, can potentially be exposed to pollen from transformed maize expressing dsRNA. Consequently, evaluation of the biological impacts of RNAi in honey bees is a fundamental component for ecological risk assessment. The insecticidal activity of a known lethal dsRNA target for D. v. virgifera, the vATPase subunit A, was evaluated in larval and adult honey bees. Activity of both D. v. virgifera (Dvv)- and A. mellifera (Am)-specific dsRNA was tested by dietary …


A New Species Of Ancognatha Erichson (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) From Peru, With Distributions Of Peruvian Ancognatha Species, Luis Figueroa, Brett Ratcliffe Jan 2016

A New Species Of Ancognatha Erichson (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) From Peru, With Distributions Of Peruvian Ancognatha Species, Luis Figueroa, Brett Ratcliffe

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A new species of Peruvian Ancognatha Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) is described. A description, diagnosis, distribution, and illustrations of the new species are provided. Locality records and distribution maps for Ancognatha species occurring in Peru are given.

Se describe una nueva especie peruana de Ancognatha Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini). Se proporciona una descripción, diagnóstico, distribución e ilustraciones de la nueva especie. Se proveen localidades de captura y mapas de distribución para las especies de Ancognatha registradas en Perú.