Entomology Commons^™

Feasibility Of Using Cryostored Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Eggs For Rearing Edovum Puttleri (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), R. F. W. Schroder

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cryostored eggs of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) eggs were suitable hosts for Edovum puttleri. Parasitism rates were low, however this study was first to show that rearing the parasite on eggs stored at ultra low temperatures (-70 0 C) is feasible. This method of storage will facilitate mass production of E. puttleri as well as prevent loss of the parasite in the event of a crash in the Colorado potato beetle colony.

New Records For Euhrychiopsis Lecontei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) And Their Densities In Wisconsin Lakes, Laura L. Jester, Michael A. Bozek, Sallie P. Sheldon, Daniel R. Helsel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The native aquatic weevil, Euhrychiopsis lecontei is currently being researched as a potential biological control for the exotic aquatic macrophyte Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum), yet little is known about its specific distribution in North America. In this study, E. lecontei was collected in 25 of 27 lakes surveyed for the weevil in Wisconsin, greatly increasing the known distribution of the species in this state. E. lecontei densities evaluated in 14 Wisconsin lakes ranged from <0.01 to 1.91 weevils per apical stem of milfoil. These new records indicate that E. lecontei is widespread throughout Wisconsin and is associated with natural declines of M. spicatum in some lakes. Additional sampling for E. lecontei and …

Relationship Between Fruit Yield And Damage By Codling Moth And Plum Curculio In A Biologically-Managed Apple Orchard, M. Sean Clark, Stuart H. Gage

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Fruit yield, codling moth (Cydia pomonella) damage, and plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) damage were monitored over an 8-year period in a O.5-ha, biologically-managed apple orchard in southwestern Michigan. The relationship between yield and damage was examined for both of these pests. The orchard showed clear biennial bearing patterns of alternating high and low yields. A significant negative correlation was found for yield and percent- age damage by codling moth but not for plum curculio damage. However, the estimated amount of fruit damaged by codling moth remained relatively stable over the period, indicating that changes in percentage damage depended on yield …

Life Cycle Of Isoperla Lata (Plecoptera: Perlodidae) In A Central Wisconsin Trout Stream, John B. Sandberg, Stanley W. Szczytko

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Monthly qualitative samples of Isoperla lata Frison were made from January 1992 to June 1993 in Ripley Creek, a small second order trout stream in Lincoln County Wisconsin. Additional collecting and an in-stream hatching experiment were conducted in 1994. This species exhibited an S1 (slow) univoltine life cycle. Emergence was synchronous and occurred in late April through early May when stream temperatures in the field were approximately 9-14° C and laboratory stream temperatures were 7-17° C. Laboratory longevity was 2-25 (x = 18.2 ± 4.51) days for males and 7-39 (x = 21.7 ± 5.35) days for females. Mean fecundity …

Susceptibility Of The Endangered Karner Blue Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) To Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Used For Gypsy Moth Suppression In Michigan, Catherine Papp Herms, Deborah G. Mccullough, Leah S. Baue, Robert A. Haack, Deborah L. Miller, Normand R. Dubois

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We investigated the phenological and physiological susceptibility of the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) to Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bt), a product widely used for gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) suppression in Michigan and other infested states. We monitored phenology of the bivoltine Karner blue in two regions of Michigan from 1993 to 1995 to determine if larval stages overlapped temporally with the period of Bt application for gypsy moth suppression. Karner blue larvae of the spring generation were found during the period that Bt was applied in nearby areas in 1993 only. However, spring-generation …

The Assassin Bug Zelus Luridus (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) In Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Philip A. Cochran, James R. Hodgson, Adam A. Leisten

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

On 17 July 1992, an assassin bug (Zelus luridus Stal) was flushed from the stomach of a smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) collected in West Long Lake of the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Gogebic County, Michigan.

Introduced Purple Loosestrife As Host Of Native Saturniidae (Lepidoptera), James G. Barbour, Erik Kiviat

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria,Lythraceae) arrived in North America nearly 200 years ago. In 1969 we first found larvae of the native Cecropia (Hyalophora cecropia) and Polyphemus (Antheraea polyphemus) moths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) on loosestrife in the Hudson River Valley, New York, and we have since found Io (Automeris io) on this plant. A census of 4th and 5th instar saturniids in four 0.25 ha plots in purple loosestrife-gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa) wet meadows near Saugerties in 1984 indicated that Polyphemus and Cecropia larvae occurred much more frequently on loosestrife than on dogwood, a …

Urophora Affinis And U. Quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Released And Monitored By Usda, Aphis, Ppq As Biological Control Agents Of Spotted And Diffuse Knapweed, R. F. Lang, R. D. Richard, R. W. Hansen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

USDA, APHIS, PPQ has distributed the seedhead gall flies Urophora affinis and U. quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) as classical biological agents of the introduced weeds spotted and diffuse knapweed (Centaurea maculosa and C. diffusa, respectively) (Asteraceae) in the United States. From 1987 to 1996, Urophora spp. have been released in 97 counties in 14 midwestern and western states. Established populations of U. affinis and U. quadrifasciata are confirmed in 85 and 95 counties, respectively, among all 14 states. These include the first reports of successful establishment of Urophora spp. in Arizona (two counties), Colorado (eight counties), Michigan (one county), Minnesota …

Effects Of Feeding By Two Folivorous Arthropods On Susceptibility Of Hybrid Poplar Clones To A Foliar Pathogen, Kier D. Klepzig, Daniel J. Robison, Eugene B. Smalley, Kenneth F. Raffa

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We investigated variation in folivore-induced effects on subsequent plant suitability to a foliar pathogen. We used a leaf disk assay to expose three clones of hybrid poplar, NC11382, NE332 and NM6, to colonization by a leaf spot pathogen, Septoria musiva. Undamaged leaf disks of NE332 were the most resistant to S. musiva, followed by NM6 and NC11382, respectively. To test the effects of prior herbivory on subsequent susceptibility to this fungal pathogen, we inoculated S. musiva on leaf disks taken from leaves which had been exposed to feeding by Tetranychus mites or cottonwood leaf beetles. Prior activity by …

Evaluation Of Paederus Littorarius (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) As An Egg Predator Of Chrysoteuchia Topiaria (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae In Wisconsin Cranberry Bogs, Sandra Haase-Statz

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A preliminary study was conducted to determine if the rove beetle, Paederus littorarius Grav., would exhibit a feeding preference for the eggs of the pyralid moth, Chrysoteuchia topiaria Zeller, a pest in Wisconsin cran­berry bogs. Individuals were offered a choice of C. topiaria eggs or Drosophila sp. adults for four days. Total number of prey items eaten was converted to weight using a multiplier based on the mean weight of 20 individuals of each prey item, respectively. A significant preference for Drosophila adults was observed in the preference trial; however as many as 24 C. topiaria eggs in addition to …

Hexagenia Bilineata (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) Persists At Low Levels Of Abundance In The Lower Fox River, Wisconsin, Phillip A. Cochran, Andrew P. Kinziger

The Great Lakes Entomologist

After burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia bilineata) were first noted in the vicinity of the DePere Dam on the Fox River in 1991, adults have been observed in small numbers each summer since then. It is possible that the Fox River population has remained at low levels because of an Allee effect. In addition, it is possible that the population is still limited by poor environmental quality, presumably in the upper layer of sediment inhabited by the larvae. Two other relatively sensitive species associated with benthic habitat, the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), have been observed in …

New Record Of Brachycercus Maculatus Berner (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) From New York And A Key To Larvae Of Northeastern Species, Steven K. Burian, Margaret A. Novak, Robert W. Bode, Lawrence Abele

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Brachycercus maculatus, a member of a rare group of mayflies, is now recorded for the first time from New York State in the upper Hudson River. An illustrated key to the Brachycercus larvae of northeastern North America is provided to spur further study of the genus in the region.

Notes On The Life Histories Of Acrosternum Hilare And Cosmopepla Bimaculata (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) In Southern Illinois, J. E. Mcpherson, D. L. Tecic

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The life histories of Acrosternum hilare and Cosmopepla bimaculata were studied in southern Illinois from May 1972 to September 1974 and from September 1992 to June 1995. Both species were bivoltine, overwintered as adults, and became active in early spring. The subsequent generations were characterized by marked overlapping of the nymphal instars. No active adults were found after early November.

Nearctic Acleris: Resurrection Of A. Stadiana And A Revised Identity For A. Semiannula (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Michael Sabourin, Ronald J. Priest, William E. Miller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Type study showed that Acleris stadiana (Barnes & Busck), currently considered a junior synonym of A. semiannula (Robinson), is in fact a distinct taxon. Although superficially similar, these taxa differ markedly in genital structure. In males of A. semiannula, the aedeagus is short, broad, and virtually straight, whereas in those of A. stadiana, it is long, thin, and sharply bent. What was known in literature as A. semiannula proved to be A. stadi­ana. We redefine both A. semiannula and the resurrected A. stadiana.

Annotated List Of Ontario Lepidoptera, By J. C. E. Riotte. 1992. Royal Ontario Museum, Publications In Life Sciences, Miscellaneous Publication. Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Thronto, Ontario, Canada M5s 2c6. 208 Pp. Soft Cover, 15 X 22.5 Cm. Isbn 0-88854-397-2. $19.95 Canadian (About $16.00 U.S.), Eric H. Metzler

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

I was eager to review this publication. When I was a young person, first starting the pursuit of Lepidoptera, any literature that increased my knowledge was as valuable as the specimens I collected. Checklists were especially welcome. A primary purpose for the formation of The Ohio Lepidopterists society was to record the occurrence of Lepidoptera in Ohio. My ardent commitment to document Ohio's fauna over the past 20 years gives me insight into the work necessary to create and produce a publication of this type.

Notes On The Life Histories Of Chlosyne (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) And Agrypon (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Andrew H. Williams

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Ambrosia trifida is reported for the first time as a larval food plant of Chlosyne nycteis. Chlosyne nycteis and C. harrisii are reported as hosts of Agrypon prismaticum and A. alpinum, respectively; the first report of wasps in Agrypon parasitizing species in Nymphalidae.

New Food Plants And First Wisconsin Records Of Publilia Modesta Var. Brunnea (Hemiptera: Membracidae), Andrew H. Williams

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Publilia modesta var. brunnea was found feeding on 14 species of Aster­aceae at three sites in three Wisconsin counties in 1994-1996. This is the first report of P. modesta using these plants and of its occurrence in Wisconsin, an eastward extension of its reported distribution.

First Report Of The Alfalfa Blotch Leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae), And Selected Parasites (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) In Minnesota And Wisconsin, Usa, W. D. Hutchison, P. K. O'Rourke, D. W. Bartels, E. C. Burkness, J. C. Luhman, J. Heard

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Alfalfa blotch leafminer, Agromyza frontella, has been a serious pest of alfalfa, Medicago sativa, in the northeastern U.S. and in eastern Ontario, Canada. Until recently, the western edge of the A. frontella distribution in the U.S. was limited to eastern Ohio. We document for the first time, the occurrence of A. frontella in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Alfalfa stems damaged by A. frontella, based on adult feeding punctures, obvious blotched leafmining or the presence of larvae, were first found in 3 northern Minnesota coun­ties during October, 1994. Infested counties included Lake of the Woods, Cook and Lake, all …

Unusual Sex Allocation In A Solitary Parasitoid Wasp, Sphaeropthalma Pensylvanica (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae), Robert W. Matthews

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Sphaeropthalma pensyluanica reared from cocoons of the organ pipe mud dauber, Trypoxylon politum from Georgia over several years yielded only adult males. Possible explanations for this sex-biased emergence from this host are (1) obligatory heteronomous heterotrophy, in which the two sexes develop on entirely different hosts; (2) differential mortality in the immature stage, with female larvae dying during development; and (3) facultative size- dependent sex allocation, with female eggs laid only on hosts smaller than T. politum.

Sex-Related Color Patterns In Elytral Vittae Of Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Louis S. Hesler, Leslie Hammack

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We evaluated the color patterns of elytral vittae by sex in adults of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera leConte. Our study examined >1000 beetles taken from a field population, a laboratory colony, and a reference collection containing 712 specimens from 15 of the United States and from the province of Ontario, Canada. The humeral and sutural vittae of each beetle's elytra were classified as being separate, partially confluent, or totally confluent with each other. The distribution of these elytral patterns was not independent of sex. Males tended to have confluent or partially confluent vittae, whereas females largely had separate vittae. Nonetheless, all …

Chemiluminescent Tags For Tracking Insect Movement In Darkness: Application To Moth Photo-Orientation, Joseph L. Spencer, Lawrence J. Gewax, James E. Keller, James R. Miller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The flight tracks of Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) flying toward a 5 watt incandescent light bulb were recorded under low light conditions with the aid of a camera-mounted photomultiplier and a glowing marker technique. Small felt pads bearing a chemiluminescent (glowi ma­erial, Cyalume®, were affixed to the abdomens of free-flying moths. insects orienting to a dim incandescent bulb were easily visible to the naked eye and were clearly captured on videotape. On their initial approach to the light source, M. sexta were found to orient at a mean angle of -0.220 ± 2.70 (mean ± SEM). The speed of the …

Tomicus Piniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Reproduction And Behavior On Scotch Pine Christmas Trees Taken Indoors, Robert A. Haack, Robert K. Lawrence

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Tomicus piniperda, the pine shoot beetle, is an exotic insect that was first found in North America in 1992. A federal quarantine currently restricts movement of pine products, including Christmas trees, from infested to uninfested counties. We conducted a study to determine if T. piniperda would re- produce in Christmas trees that were cut and taken indoors during the Christmas season. Twelve Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris, Christmas trees infested with overwintering T. piniperda beetles were cut in Indiana in early December 1993 and taken to Michigan. Four trees were dissected immediately, while the other 8 trees were taken …

Habitat Associations Of Sympatric Violet-Feeding Fritillaries (Euptoieta, Speyeria, Boloria) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Tallgrass Prairie, Ann B. Swengel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

At 106 tallgrass prairies in the midwestern USA, 18,055 individuals of six fritillary species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) were counted in 552.9 hr and 987.1 kill of transect survey effort from 14 June to 13 September during 1988-96. The relative abundance of Euptoieta claudia, Speyena cybele, S. aphrodite, S. idalia, Boloria selene, and B. bellona was analyzed for significant patterns relative to five habitat factors. Topographic diversity (i.e., whether the site was uniform or contained both uplands and lowlands) produced the most significant effects. Prairie patch size and vegetation type (wet, mesic, dry) also produced numerous significant patterns. When management type was …

Clearwing Moths Captured By Ultraviolet Light Traps In Southern Ohio (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), Foster Forbes Purrington, David J. Horn

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Trapping with ultraviolet light in mixed-oak forests of Lawrence and Vinton Counties, Ohio in 1995 and 1996 yielded 46 Synanthedon acerni and four Synanthedon arkansasensis, a clearwing moth record new for the state.

Resistance Of Scotch Pine Varieties To Zimmerman Pine Moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) And Its Impact On Sales In A Choose And Cut Christmas Tree Plantation, Clifford S. Sadof

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Nine varieties of Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris, were assessed for their susceptibility to Zimmerman pine moth, Dioryctria zimmermani, in a choose and cut Christmas tree plantation. Trees were examined for wounds to estimate their susceptibility to this pest 7 years after planting in the field. Numbers of trees remaining after seasonal sales in years 7 and 8 were used to estimate marketability of each variety. Infestation rates varied significantly among varieties (11-75%). After sales, proportions of trees remaining also varied significantly among varieties (7-52%). Although Belgian trees were the most moth resistant, they were the least purchased by the …

The Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) Of Tennessee, With A Review Of The Possibly Threatened Species Occurring Within The State, L. S. Long, B. C. Kondratieff

The Great Lakes Entomologist

One hundred and forty-three species of mayflies are reported from the state of Tennessee. Sixteen species (Ameletus cryptostimulus, Choroterpes basalis, Baetis virile, Ephemera blanda, E. simulans, Ephemerella berneri, Heterocloeon curiosum, H. petersi, Labiobaetis ephippiatus, Leptophlebia bradleyi, Macdunnoa brunnea, Paraleptophlebia assimilis, P. debilis, P. mollis, Rhithrogenia pellucida and Siphlonurus mirus) are reported for the first time. Rare and vulnerable species occurring in the state are also discussed. This represents the first comprehensive statewide list of mayflies for Tennessee.

New Records Of Michigan Cicadidae (Homoptera), With Notes On The Use Of Songs To Monitor Range Changes, David Ciszek Marshall, John R. Cooley, Richard D. Alexander, Thomas E. Moore

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We present records of Diceroprocta vitripennis, Tibicen chloromera, and Tibicen pruinosa (new state record) in Michigan. Monitoring geographic range changes and population size differences by song suggests several population situations for cicadas: (1) sizable populations in most areas of apparently good habitat; (2) widely separated single individuals or small populations on the edges of populated regions, representing range extensions that may be of limited duration; (3) one or a few individuals present only once, probably transferred in soil on roots, and ultimately unsuccessful. Species- specific calling songs allow sensitive measurement of species' range changes.

Discovery Of An Isolated Population Of Anax Longipes In Michigan (Odonata: Aeshnidae), Michael A. Kielb, Mark F. O'Brien

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Anax longipes is a large aeshnid dragonfly previously unknown from Michigan. Adults and larvae were found in abundance at a series of experimental ponds within the E.S. George Reserve in Livingston County, Michigan.

Moths Of The Douglas Lake Region (Emmet And Cheboygan Counties), Michigan: V. Crambidae And Pyralidae (Lepidoptera), Brian Scholtens

The Great Lakes Entomologist

187 species of Pyraloidea from Emmet and Cheboygan Counties in Michigan are documented, providing the first extensive list of any microlepidopteran group for any part of the state. This list complements those of the well studied macrolepidoptera of the region, and provides a starting point for examining the remainder of the microlepidopteran fauna.

Epizootiology Of The Fungal Pathogen, Zoophthora Phytonomi (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) In Field Populations Of Alfalfa Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larvae In Illinois, Marilyn J. Morris, Stephen J. Roberts, Joseph V. Maddox, Edward J. Armbrust

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The influence of the fungal pathogen, Zoophthora phytonomi, on larvae of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica, was studied in three alfalfa fields in Illinois. Disease epizootics occurred in all three fields and disease onset was ob- served within a fairly narrow range of degree day accumulations. At the height of each epizootic, percentages of infected larvae were between 80 and 100%, and the fungus contributed to the collapse of the weevil population in each field. Percent parasitism by the larval parasitoids, Bathyplectes cur­culionis and B. anurus, was lower in our fields than is common in mid-season alfalfa …