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The Neuroptera - Suborder Planipennia Of Wisconsin Part 1 - Introduction And Chrysopidae, Alvin L. Throne

The Great Lakes Entomologist

No one to date has published on the Neuroptera of Wisconsin. The only comprchensive report dealing with the group in a neighboring state is the one by Parfin (1952) for Minnesota. I have collected Neuroptera in Wisconsin in a desultory manner from 1922 to 1957 and from then to the present datc methodically and much more extensively. I have worked in all 72 countries of the state, some in only a few places but in a number of counties spaced throughout the state, in many places and at many times. With more collecting other species may be found or the …

Notes On Feeding Behavior Of Atlanticus Testaceus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), Gary V. Manley

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The Biology and Feeding behavior of Atlanticus testaceus (scudder) has received considerable attention by Gangwere (1966, 1967). While studying summer feeding of the adult Atlanticus testaceus in a Northern Michigan Jack Pine forest on the seeds of Melampyrum lineare Desr. (Scrophulariaceae), some new observations which supplement published information were made by the author.

The Effect Of Carbon Dioxide Anaesthesia On Collembola, H.E. Goto

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: In a contribution to the Michigan Entomologist by Snider, Shaddy and Butcher (1969), a method of carbon dioxide anaesthesia for some soil arthropods was described as an alternative to etherization which frequently gives rise to unpredictable mortality. They stated (page 359) that "CO, has very little long-range effect on most species."

Anaesthetization by carbon dioxide has been used on various species of Collembola, particularly of the genus Folsomia Willem, 1902, by myself and my associates for about fifteen years. Until recently no ill effects on the cultures, as a result of this treatment, has been observed or suspected.

As …

Daylight Collecting Of Catocala (Lepidoptera: Nocturidae), Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: "Sugaring" and attraction to artificial light have long been favorite methods of collecting adults of the genus Catocala, and both have been very successful. Each of the many collectors who uses the English method of applying bait to the trunks of trees has his own preferred mixture. Usually molasses is the base, and fragrance is the measure. Feed molasses is widely used in this country, augmented by various combinations of beer, rum, aromatic oils and decaying fruits. Temperature, humidity, wind and amount of moonlight are all well-known factors affecting the success of "bait," whether applied according to the …

World Guide To Technical Information And Documentation Services. United Nations Educational, Scientific And Cultural Organization. Paris: Unesco, 1969. 287 Pp. Hardbound, $6.00; Paper, $4.00 (Available In U.S.A. From Unipub. Inc., P.O. Box 433, New York City, N.Y. 10016)., Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: This very useful reference volume is a companion to UNESCO's World Guide to Science Information and Documentation Services (1965). It lists and describes the principal centers in each country which provide technical information, either to all investigators or to a restricted clientele. 273 institutions in 73 countries have been included, with an informative yet concise report upon each source. A sampIe entry lists name of repository in the vernacular, English, French and acronym; addresses; brief history; staff; subject coverage; nature of library; nature of abstracting service; whether bibliographies, literature searches or translations are available; information about photoreproduction services; and …

Use And Conservation Of The Biosphere: Proceedings Of The Intergovernmental Conference Of Experts On The Scientific Basis For Rational Use And Conservation Of The Resources Of The Bioshpere, Paris, 4-13 September 1968. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific And Cultural Organization, 1970. 272 Pp. Paper, $6.00 (Available In U.S.A. From Unipub, Inc., P.O. Box 433, New York, N.Y. 10016)., Oliver H. Orr

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: The Intergovernmental Conference of Experts on the Scientific Basis for Rational Use and Conservatiori of the Resources of the Biosphere was sponsored by UNESCO and attended by 326 delegates from 63 nations, 11 international organizations, and 14 nongovernmental organizations. For the purposes of discussion, the biosphere was defined as being that part of the planet earth in which life exists. The resources considered were largely restricted to living organisms; inorganic resources were included only insofar as they provide a medium for the support of plant and animal life. Oceanic resources were left to other international conferences for study.

Associated Insects Reared From Galls Of Saperda Inornata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) On Trembling Aspen In Michigan, David G. Grimble, Fred B. Knight, John C. Nord

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The poplar gall Saperda, Saperda inornata Say, is a common pest of trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx, in Michigan forests. Through its egg-laying activities and larval feeding, this insect causes wood defects and tree mortality (Graham et al., 1963). While studying natural populations of this insect (Grimble and Knight, 1970), we collected many galls and found through rearing and dissection that they harbor a large and varied insect fauna.

The Geographic Variation Of Saperda Inornata Say (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) In Eastern North America, John C. Nord, Fred B. Knight

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: During the summers of 1962 and 1963 a study of the life history and behavior of what was thought to have been Saperda moesta LeConte in trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michaux, was completed in northern Michigan (Nord, 1968). After the field study, it became apparent that the original identification was doubtful. Furthermore, there was a possibility that two species were present in the study areas, thus the biological data collected may have represented not one but two species.

The Nomenclatural Status Of Saperda Inordata Say (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), John C. Nord, Fred B. Knight

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Confusion as to the identity and proper name of our common Saperda on trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michaux, in eastern North America should be clarified. The confusion has arisen from three reasons: (1) LeConte failed to distinguish S. concolor Lec. (1852) from S. irornata Say (1824); (2) Say's type material was destroyed or lost which makes verification impossible; and (3) S. inornata varies from light to dark in overall appearance. The former two points are discussed here and the latter will be covered in a separate article.

Authors since LeConte's time have used a variety of binominal and trinominal …

Lepidoptera Of New York And Neighboring States, Part 1 (1923). William T. M. Forbes. Los Angeles: Entomological Reprint Specialists, 1969. 729 Pp. $17.50., Ronald W. Hodges

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Entomological Reprint Specialists have done a fine service to the field of entomology and the study of Lepidoptera in particular by making the first volume of Forbes' work on the Lepidoptera of the northeastern states generally available. This volume remains the only comprehensive work on the numerous families included in the primitive moths, Microlepidoptera, Pyraloidea, and Bombycoidea for a major portion of North America.

Invertebrata Pacifica. (1903-7). Edited By C. F. Baker. Hampton, Middlesex, England: E. W. Classey, 1969. [Ii], 197 Pp. $10.80., Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Charles Fuller Baker (1872-1927) was born in Lansing, Michigan, and received his undergraduate degree from Michigan Agricultural College [now Michigan State University) in 1892. While on the faculty of the Colorado Agricultural College he collected extensively in the West, specializing in the Homoptera. After a decade of varied employment, ranging from service as botanist on the H. H. Smith expedition to Colombia (1898-99) to teaching high school in St. Louis, he returned to academic life and obtained his M.S. at Stanford in 1903.

Centurie De Lépidoptéres De L'Ile De Cuba (1832). Felipe Poey Y Aloy. Hampton, Middlesex, England: E. W. Classey, 1970. Xii, 4, [54] Pp. $30.00. Entomological Reprint Specialists, Los Angeles, California., Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Felipe Poey (1799-1891) was born in Havana. After receiving his higher education in Europe, he practiced law at the French court, and was a founding member of the Societe Entomologique de France in 1832. In April of that year he began publication of the Centurie, which, as the full title imples, was to contain descriptions and figures of one hundred species of Cuban Lepidoptera. The work was to be issued in fascicles of ten species each, but only two of these "decades" ever appeared, and the Centurie was abandoned after publication of the second fascicle in July. Poey …

Annual Variation In Starting Date Of Spring Feeding By The European Pine Shoot Moth In A Michigan Planting, William E. Miller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

New tents spun in five successive springs by the European pine shoot moth (Rhyacionia buoliana [Schiff.] ) in a Michigan planting of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) occurred about 2 days later each year. This trend is believed due to habitat cooling as trees grow larger. In another planting feeding was more advanced on small trees than on large trees.

White Grub Populations, Phyllophaga Spp., In Relation To Damaged Red Pine Seedlings In Michigan And Wisconsin Plantations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Richard F. Fowler, Louis F. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: White grubs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), the larvae of May and related beetles, are destructive pests in some young pine plantations in the Lake States Region. They live in the soil and feed on roots of trees and other vegetation. Larvae chew off the smaller and girdle the ldrger roots of pine seedlings, and consequently reduce growth, weaken, and kill the seedlings.

Recommendations against planti.ng or for control measures have been made for grub population densities ranging from 4.4/ft2, 2.0/ft.3, 2.0/ft.', down to 0.5 grubs/ft2 of soil surface (Stone and Schwardt, 1943; Rudolf, 1950; Speers and Schmiege, 1961 ; Shenefelt et …

The Feasibility Of Use Of Caecal And Diverticular Coloration In Field Determination Of Grasshopper Diet, Michael Tyrkus

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Many studies have been undertaken in the past on the food selection, food preferences, and economic damage of various grasshoppers and their allies. Among the more salient of these researches are those of Anderson (1961, 1964); Ball (1 936); Bindra (1958); Boldyrev (1928); Blackith and Blackith (1966); Brues (1946); Chapman (1957); Dibble (1940); Gangwere (1959, 1960, 1961, 1965, 1965a, 1966, 1966a, 1967);Husain etal. (1946); Isely (1938, 1946); Isely and Alexander (1949); Joyce (1952); Mulkern and Anderson (1959); Mulkern, Anderson, and Brusven (1962); Mulkern et al. (1969); Pfadt (1949); Riley (1878); Roonwal (1953); Savin (1927); Weiss (1924); and Williams (1954). …

The Wasps. Howard E. Evans And Mary Jane West Eberhard, With Drawings By Sarah Landry. Ann Arbor: The University Of Michigan Press, 1970. Vi, 265 Pp. Paper, $3.45., Robert W. Matthews

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: This pocket-sized book is indeed a high point in recent entomological literature. Concisely written, and including a remarkable amount of new or recently published information, The Wasps is essentially a comparative natural history of these fascinating animals. Only the "higher" or aculeate wasps are covered, a fact not clear from the title. After a brief survey of the Hymenoptera, five chapters follow: two on solitary species, two on social wasps, and a fascinating final chapter treating the diverse and often intricate biotic relationships of wasps. The book is generously illustrated, with 122 figures about equally divided between ph~tographs and …

Biology And Ecology Of Melanoplus Borealis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) In Fairbanks, Alaska With Special Reference To Feeding Habits, Tohko Kaufmann

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Overwintered Melanoplus borealis (subspecies, borealis Fieber) eggs hatched within 10-15 days in mid-June. The nymphs molted 5 times and became adults in about 45 days in nature. In both sexes, sexual maturity was attained about 3 weeks after emergence and oviposition started 8-10 days after sexual maturity.

M. borealis is primarily a forb feeder as its mandibular morphology indicates but it also developed and reproduced exclusively on Gramineae in the laboratory.

In the Fairbanks area, Alaska, these grasshoppers were found in sunny open fields where vegetation was short and sparse enough to allow sunrays to penetrate to the ground surface. …

An Assymmetrical Gynandromorph Of Cerotoma Facialis (Coleoptera: Celerucidae), Robert F. Ruppel

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: There is a marked sexual dimorphism in beetles of the genus Cerotoma. The female has cylindrical antennal segments; a smoothly convex frons that lacks lobes and subantennal pores, and that is usually dark in color; relatively slender protibia with spurs; nearly cylindrical protarsi 1 without pads; and is somewhat larger than the maIe. The male has depressed and enlarged antennal segments 11 1 and 1V; a white, concave frons with various lobes, enlongate setae, and subantennal pores (a pair of pit-like openings underneath the dorsal lobe); rather swollen protibia without spurs; and enlarged protarsi 1 with ventral pads. …

Studies On The Feculae Of Selected Michigan Acrididae (Orthoptera), Michael Tyrkus, S.K. Gangwere

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Feculae have been used for some years in the study of insect food-habits and biology. Among the past authors who have used them are Frost (1928), Hodson and Brooks (1956), and Morris (1942), who discussed the use of feculae and frass in the identification of insect species in general; Boldyrev (1928), who figured the feculae of the bradyporine katydid Bradyporus multituberculatus; Brown (1937), who described in detail fecular microstructure in the spine-breasted grasshopper Melanoplus bivittatus; Weiss and Boyd (1 950. 1 952), who figured the feculae of representatives of selected insect orders; Gangwere (1 962). who described the …

A Short History Of The Brown-Tail Moth (1782). William Curtis. London: The Curwen Press, 1969. [V], 18, [Ii], 13 Pp. $9.30. Entomological Reprint Specialists, Los Angeles, California., Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: This slim volume is easily one of the most attractive entomological reprints that has appeared to date. Most American entomologists are familiar with the story of the "brown-tail moth," Nygmia phaeorrhoea Donovan, the European species which was introducted into Massachusetts in the 1890s and became a serious pest in the northeastern United States and adjoining Canada until appropriate control measures were taken. The Brown-tail is a defoliator of forests, orchards and hedgerows, and as D. S. Fletcher explains in his entomological notes to this reprint, populations of the species periodically build up to epidemic levels and create havoc. Such …

North American Species Of The Genus Hydrochoreutes (Acarina: Pionidae), David R. Cook

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Members of the water mite genus Hydrochoreutes have a Holarctic distribution. They are found in lakes, ponds, and sluggish streams, but usually only in small numbers and therefore long series of specimens are difficult to obtain. Two species, ungulatus (Koch) and krameri Piersig, have a widespread range in Europe and Siberia and the latter species is also known from Algeria. Marshall (1937) reported ungulatus from Maine, Michigan, Wisconsin and California. However, the present author has seen no specimens from North America which can be assigned to the latter species and the illustrations in Marshall's paper are definitely not those …

Storage And Behavior Of Plant And Diet-Fed Adult Cereal Leaf Beetle, Oulema Melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Stanley G. Wellso, Richard V. Connin, Robert P. Hoxie, David L. Cobb

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The univoltine life cycle of the cereal leaf beetle Oulema melanopus (L.) in Michigan (Castro et al. 1965) is similar to that reported by Venturi (1942) in Europe. Adults emerge from pupal cells in the soil in mid-June to early July, feed voraciously for about three weeks, and enter aestivation sites. For the remainder of the summer and early autumn only a few adults can be found feeding on late-maturing native grasses. The beetles overwinter and usually emerge in late March to early April and resume feeding. Mating and oviposition occur, and larval development is usually completed by late June …

A List Of The Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) In The Michigan State University Entomology Museum, Richard W. Koss

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: A fairly extensive collection of Epl~emeroptera representing 35 genera, 1 12 determined species and subspecies is preserved in alcohol in the Entomology Museum at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823. Although most of the specimens were collected in Michigan, the collection also contains representatives of many of the common species found in New England and neighboring Canada. A small portion of the collection is not Northeast in origin.

This list is designed to aid those interested in the fauna of the Northeast and Great Lakes regions, especially if they need specimens for study. I have included the states …

An Account Of Early Regulatory Efforts To Control Cherry Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) In Michigan, A.H. Beyer, Murray Hanna

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Fourty years ago, the amount of fruit produced by the cherry industry in Michigan exceeded that of all other states combined. State and federal regulatory agencies permitted no tolerance for maggots in cherries to be used as human food, and when such fruit was found to be infested, it was seized and ordered destroyed. Two species of fruit flies were known to infest cherries in Michigan, Rhagoletis congulata Loew (cherry fruit fly) and R. fausta Osten Sacken (black cherry fruit fly).

Appalachian Orthopteron Relicts In Michigan, Irving J. Cantrall

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: I have recently plotted the known Michigan distribution of the various species of Orthoptera which occur in the state (Cantrall, 1968). When this distribution of any single form is compared with its range, it is usually quite clear by what path the insect reached Michigan.

New Or Incompletely Known Species Of Feltria From North America (Acarina: Feltriidae), David R. Cook

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The genus Feltria has a widespread Holarctic distribution. A few species (Lundblad, 1941, 1969) have also been reported from northern Burma but this latter area. as far as its water mite fauna is concerned, might better be considered part of the southern border of the Palearctic, rather than a part of the Oriental Region. Previously. thirty apparently valid species and subspecies of Feltria were known from North America. The present paper describes nine additional forms and brings the total from the Nearctic area to 39, which is nearly identical with the number known from Europe. Most North American species are …

A Key And Annotated List Of The Scutelleroidea Of Michigan (Hemiptera), J.E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Although Hussey (1922) compiled a list of the Hemiptera of Berrien County, and Stoner (1922) contributed a list of the Scutelleroidea of the Douglas Lake region, no publications have dealt with Michigan Scutelleroidea on a state-wide basis. However, collections in the Entomology Museum of Michigan State University (MSU), East Lansing, and in the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan (UMMZ), Ann Arbor, indicate that collecting has been extensive throughout the state (Fig. 1). The key and annotated list are based on material I identified in these two collections

Eternal Quest: The Story Of The Great Naturalists. Alexander B. Adams. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1969. 509 Pp. $10.95., Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Alexander Adams seems, if unconsciously, to be following in the footsteps of Donald Culross Peattie. Like Peattie, he wrote a volume on Audubon and then essayed a biographical survey of a number of important naturalists. Eternal Quest is the latter, and interestingly enough, it is the first book of its precise kind since Peattie's Green Laurels (1936) to evoke the same emotion.

Theories On The Nature Of Life. Giovanni Blandino, New York: Philosophical Library, 1969. Xiv, 374 Pp. $6.00., Ronald S. Wilkinson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

In a short span, this encyclopedic work summarizes the historical problems of the nature of life. Blandino conducts his narrative in a condensed and highly-packed form that assumes the nature of an outline. His own ideas are explained in the second part of the book. In the author's words, his conception is that vegetative biological phenomena (1) are material deterministic phenomena and therefore, in order to produce them, fixed laws inherent in matter are both necessary and sufficient...

The Flies Of Western North America. F.R. Cole, With The Collaboration Of Evert I. Schlinger. Berkeley And Los Angeles: University Of California Press, 1969. Xi, 693 Pp. $25.00., George C. Steyskal

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Excerpt: Knowing of the excellence of the author's work especially as an artist of Diptera, entomologists have been waiting for this much-needed volume since the completion of the first manuscript in 1932. The work deals with two-winged flies (Diptera) of North America west of the 104th meridian, south of the 70th parallel and north of Mexico, but including Baja California.