Entomology Commons^™

Predation On The Pupae Of Saturniidae (Lepidoptera) By Gray Squirrels In Wisconsin, Allen M. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Owing to their large body size, the larvae and pupae ofgiant silkworm moths (Saturniidae) are ideal food for many animals. Winter predation on the pupae of Hyalophora cecropia (L.) in Illinois by birds (Waldbauer and Sternburg, Ecology 48:312-315, 1967) is a well known example.

Butterflies Of The Rocky Mountain States. Edited By Clifford D. Ferris And F. Martin Brown. University Of Oklahoma Press, Norman. 464 Pages, Incl. 4 Color Plates. 1981. $35.00 (Cloth), $15.95 (Paper)., M. C. Nielsen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The long awaited guide to the butterflies of the Rocky Mountains will be received with great delight by many lepidopterists who collect butterflies in this rugged and beautiful region.

Michigan Trees. Burton V. Barnes And Warren H. Wagner, Jr. The University Of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 384 Pages, 120 Figures. 1981. $10.95 (Cloth), $5.95 (Paper)., D. C. L. Gosling

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Nearly all entomologists studying terrestrial insects in the Lake States region find it necessary to recognize and attempt to understand the woody plant communities in which they live. My own great interest in trees was an obvious corollary of my work with forest insects and began with a copy of Michigan Trees by Charles Otis.

A Directory Of Policies On Arthropod Collecting On Public Lands, Gary A. Dunn

The Great Lakes Entomologist

There are many local, state, and federal agencies with responsibilities for managing public lands. The availability of these lands for entomological research and collecting is determined in great part by the specific governmental charges for the management and use of the area; for example: preservation, recreation, or multiple-use resource management.

The Role Of Tree Clinics In Urban Forestry, J. A. Witter, H. L. Morton

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A tree clinic analyzes tree problems and recommends appropriate actions to the public. The objective of tree clinics is to inform the citizen about urban trees. This paper is based on the experiences of 30 tree clinics held in Ann Arbor during the last eight years. The ingredients necessary for a successful tree clinic are discussed: (I) active sponsor, (2) suitable date and time, (3) good location, (4) proper publicity, (5) diversified experts, (6) proper organization, (7) sizable public turnout, and (8) follow-up publicity and acknowledgments.

Accuracy And Precision Of Insect Density And Impact Estimates, Gary W. Fowler, John A. Witter

The Great Lakes Entomologist

In estimating insect density and impact, entomologists are understandably interested in accuracy of estimation, but they almost always are dealing with precision because of bias due to an invalid estimator, probability sampling, or nonsampling errors. Definitions related to statistical estimation are reviewed and the concepts of accuracy and precision examined.

Interval estimation and optimum sample size determination related to accuracy and precision, using the concept of allowable error, are examined. Criteria for selecting the best estimator in tenns of accuracy and precision are presented, and the distortion of probability statements due to bias is discussed. Accuracy and precision are compared …

A New Species Of Hydrochara (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) From The Western Great Lakes Region, William L. Hilsenhoff, Bryn H. Tracy

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A new species Hydrochara simula (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) is described from Wis- consin and separated from other western Great Lakes species by a key. It is similar to H. obtusata (Say) and H. soror Smetana, but males can be easily recognized by a dorso-basal concavity of the aedeagus. Females can be distinguished from H. obtusata and H. soror by the more elongate penultimate segment of the maxillary palpus and other less consistent characters.

Effects Of Continuous And Split Developmental Photophases During Each 24 Hour Period On Adult Color And Pubescence In Thyanta Calceata (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), J. E. Mcpherson, S. M. Paskewitz

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Rearing immatures of Thyanta calceata in SL: 16D, SL:4D:8L:4D, and 16L:8D photo- periods showed that the length of each photophase, rather than an accumulation of shorter photophases, during each 24 h period wa, the determining factor in producing adult di- morphism in color and pubescence.

Bioassay Of The Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus Of Neodiprion Sertifer (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), M. A. Mohamed, H. C. Coppel, J. D. Podgwaite

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Linear regression analysis of probit mortality versus several concentrations of nucleo- polyhedrosis virus of Neodiprion sertifer resulted in the equation Y = 2.170 + 0.872X. An LC50 was calculated at 1758 PIB/mL Also, the incubation time of the virus was dependent on Its concentration.

Impact Of The Redheaded Pine Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) On Young Red Pine Plantations, Robert D. Averill, Louis F. Wilson, Richard F. Fowler

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The ecology of the redheaded pine sawfly was studied relative to its impact on red pine plantations. An ecological model, which formed the basis for socioeconomic analysis, was constructed. Because the sawfly prefers trees under moisture stress, damage is most severe in stands growing on sand blows, where there is competition for moisture from bracken fern and hardwoods, and where soils are too moist, too shallow, or too compacted. Outbreaks also appear to be related to dry years. The sawfly has a variable impact on multiple-use values. Because it injures the least productive trees in a stand, timber is only …

A New Method For Exposing Deposit Feeders To Contaminated Sediments For Food Chain Studies, Dale Roberts, Peter G. Meier

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The ubiquity and refractory nature of certain organic compounds, such as chlorinated pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's), results in their accumulation in aquatic sediments (Holdrinet et al. 1978, Peck et al. 1980, Wang et al. 1979). Their continuous release from this reservoir through physico-chemical and biogenic processes to the overlying water column results in the accumulation of xenobiotic compounds in the food chain.

Genetic Differentiation Among Three Species Of Paradosa (Arachnida: Lycosidae), N. C. Elliott, R. J. Wolff, W. E. Johnson, J. G. Engemann

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Allozymic variation in nine protein producing loci was examined in three species of Pardosa using starch gel electrophoresis. Allozyme frequencies showed a high degree of geographic uniformity among conspecific populations. Estimated heterozygosities for the three species ranged from 0.05 to 0.15. Rogers' coefficients of genetic similarity based on allozyme frequencies averaged over conspecific populations ranged from 0.16 to 0.37 fo rthe three species.

Population Assessment During The Adult Stage Of The Alfalfa Blotch Leafminer, Agromyza Frontella (Diptera: Agromyzidae), D. G. Harcourt

The Great Lakes Entomologist

This paper presents a sampling procedure for estimating adult populations of the alfalfa blotch leafminer, Agromyza frontella (Rondani). The method is based on counts of the flies as they emerge from the soil following adult metamorphosis, taken in a series offurmel traps. Analysis of sampling variability showed that 80 traps per field will give adequate precision for life table studies in alfalfa. The pattern of counts was overdispersed but conformed to the negative binomial distribution.

A Low Cost And Labor Efficient Method For Rearing Black Cutworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Eli Levine, S. L. Clement, R. S. Schmidt

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), has been and continues to be the subject of many biological and control studies in the north-central states. Interest in this insect can often be traced to its status as a major, but sporadic pest of field com in the region.

Foodplant Suitabilities And A New Oviposition Record For Papilio Glaucus Canadensis (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) In Northern Wisconsin And Michigan, J. M. Scriber, G. L. Lintereur, M. H. Evans

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly, Papilio glaucus L., is polyphagous, and has been reported to feed upon plant species of at least 13 families (Scudder 1889, Teitz 1972). The Canadian subspecies, P. glaucus canadensis Rothschild and Jordan, is generally believed to be univoltine, to be devoid of the genetic capacity for dark morph females, and to have morphologically distinct characteristics from the southern subspecies, P. glaucus glaucus L.

Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Collected By Pitfall Trapping In Michigan Small-Grain Fields, Gary A. Dunn

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

During the 1980 growing season a series of standard, single-cup pitfall traps were maintained in wheat, oat, barley, and rye fields in Michigan. The traps were maintained by Pest Management Field Assistants (PMFAs) and entomology students from Michigan State University. The traps were primarily used to monitor insect pest activity as part of pest management scouting.

Description Of The Fifth Instar Of Apache Degeerii (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Derbidae), Stephen W. Wilson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Apache degeerii (Kirby) ranges from Maine south to Florida and west to Iowa and Texas; it has also been recorded from British Columbia and Washington (Metcalf 1945. Wilson and McPherson 1980). This derbid has been recorded from oak, beech, maple, and hickory (Swezey 19(4); otherwise no information on its biology is available.

Large-Scale Production Of Fungal Bait Blocks For The Attraction Of Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), R. E. Smith

The Great Lakes Entomologist

It has been shown that wood infected with the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers. ex Fr.) Murr. is'more attractive to termites than sound wood. For several years, small blocks of infected wood have been used as bait to sample soil sites for the presence of termites. The method described here for bait block production is more suitable than the ASTM method for large-scale work.

Review Of The Genus Macdunnoa (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) With Description Of A New Species From Florida, R. W. Flowers

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The imago, nymph, and egg of Macdunnaa brunnea n. sp. are described from the south- eastern U.S. Heptagenia persimpiex is transferred to Macdunnoa and additional diagonostic characters are given for this species and for Macdunnoa nipawinia. The relationship of Macdunnoa to Stenacron and Stenonema is discussed.

Impact Of The Spruce Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) On The Ottawa And Hiawatha National Forests, 1978-1980, Thomas P. Mog, Ann M. Lynch, J. A. Witter

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The Michigan Impact Plot System was established during 1978 and 1979 to obtain a data base for quantifying the impact of the spruce budworm in the Ottawa and Hiawatha National Forests. The formulae used to estimate the mean, total, and associated standard errors of the various parameters at the national forest and forest district levels are presented. We present the 1978, 1979, and 1980 impact data for the following parameters; percent mortality, total dead volume. dead volume per ha, live volume per ha, defoliation ranking, frequency and extent of top-kill, and incidence of spruce budworm feeding on saplings and regenera- …

New Records Of Pasimachus Elongatus In Michigan (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritini), Gary A. Dunn

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Pasimachus elongatus LeConte is a large (21-28 mm), flightless ground beetle which occurs from Michigan westward to Montana and south to Louisiana and Arizona. A search of major entomological collections and the literature revealed that only a few specimens have actually been collected in Michigan.

The First Records In Illinois Of Heliconius Charitonius (Lepidoptera: Heliconiidae) And Phoebis Agarithe (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), R. W. Sites, J. E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Our key to Illinois butterflies, exclusive of the skippers (Hesperiidae), was published in 1980. It includes those butterflies listed by Irwin and Downey in their 1973 Illinois checklist plus two species,Anaea aidea (Guerin-Meneville) (Nymphalidae) and Celastrina ebenina Clench (Lycaenidae), added to the state list after 1973.

Survival And Food Detection By First-Instar Melanoplus Femurrubrum (Orthoptera: Acrididae), R. G. Bland

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Newly hatched Melanoplus femurrubrum (DeGeer) were evaluated for survival without food under various moisture, temperature, and light conditions. Although nymphs survived up to 113 h without food, they required food 48-W h after hatching to ensure continued survival and growth. Olfactory food detection was very limited and feeding tended to occur on the first suitable food encountered. Food covered with a ftlm of water and held within several millimetres of the palpi evoked palpal vibrations followed by antennal movements. The evidence suggests that hygroreceptors occur on the pa\pi and pa\pa\ stimulation is necessary before antennal olfaction occurs.

Comparative Behavior Of Pyrellia Cyanicolor (Diptera: Muscidae) On The Moss Splachnum Ampullaceum And On Substrates Of Nutritional Value, David B. Troilo, Randall G. Cameron

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Entomophily is commonly associated with flowering plants and their pollen vectors, but also occurs in other groups of plants. Among fungi, several genera of Phallaceae offer food rewards to calliphorid and muscid flies, which inadvertently disperse the fungal spores (Ingold 1964). Bryhn (1897) first noted a relationship between various species ofDiptera and members of the moss family Splachnaceae. The nature of this interaction has been the subject of much speculation (Bequaert 1921, Erlanson 1935, Crum et aI. 1972, Koponen and Koponen 1977), but no experimental evidence has been collected.

Redescription Of Micropsectra Polita (Diptera: Chironomidae) With The Female And Immature Stages, Donald W. Webb

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

Malloch (1915) described Micropsectra polita (as Tanytarsus politus) from males collected along the banks of Central Dredge Ditch at Easton, Mason County, llIinois. Females of this species were not collected at that time. On 12 February 1974, males, females, and larvae were collected from a small spring-fed seep (Fig. 1) running into Muncie Pond, in Vermilion County, llIinois.

Evaluation Of Adult Cottonwood Leaf Beetle, Chrysomela Scripta (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Feeding Preference For Hybrid Poplars, M. O. Harrell, D. M. Benjamin, J. G. Berbee, T. R. Burkot

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Foliage from the Leuce section of Populus was rejected for feeding by Chrysomela scripta adults in a choice test involving 12 hybrid poplar clones. Adults showed a feeding preference for the foliage from the Tacamahaca clones when compared to the Aigeiros clones.

Correct Identity Of The Oak Twig Pruner (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), D. C. L. Gosling

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

The oak twig pruner is a cerambycid of minor economic importance which is generally common through most of eastern North America. The adult beetles oviposit on living twigs of oak and other hardwoods, and the larvae bore within the twig, subsequently pruning it from the tree. Haldeman (1847) identified this borer as Elaphidion villosus (Fabricius), a species later placed in the genus Elaphidionoides by Linsley (1963). This identification has been accepted and followed by Baker (1972), Craighead (1923, 1950), Duffy (1960), Knull (1946). Linsley (1963), and many other authors.

Field Release Of Virus-Sprayed Adult Parasitoids Of The European Pine Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) In Wisconsin, M. A. Mohamed, H. C. Coppel, D. J. Hall, J. D. Podgwaite

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Rapid field release of adult parasitoids sprayed with the nucleopolyhedrosis virus of the European pine sawfly successfully transferred the virus to feeding larval colonies.

Effects Of Aluminum Foil Mulch On Parasitism And Fecundity Of Apterous Myzus Persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae), Frank G. Zalmon, Whitney S. Cranshaw

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Chinese cabbage plants grown in flats containing either aluminum foil mulch or no mulch cover were uniformly infested with a single apterous adult Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and exposed in a greenhouse to a free-flying population of the parasite Aphidius ervi (Haliday). Aphid fecundity. plant growth, and temperature were greater in reflective mulch plots. Aphid pardSitism was lower over mulched plots until foliage growth obscured the mulch. Later. parasitism was more frequent in mulched plots. The effects upon parasitism, fecundity. and microclimate may explain instances where aluminum mulches have not reduced aphid populations.

The Response Of Aspen (Populus Tremuloides) To Artificial Defoliation, A. C. Hodson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

In the summers of 1939 and 1940 hand defoliation oftrembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx., was carried on in a young stand located a few miles north of Itasca State Park. This study was undertaken to determine the response of aspen trees to several amounts of defoliation at four different times during the summer. Other similar artificial defoliation studies have been reported by Wallace (1945), Giese et al. (1964), Skilling (1964), Kulman (197 I), and Heichel and Turner (1976).