Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons^™

Biology: What One Needs To Know, Ursula Goodenough

Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations

Biology on this planet represents an astonishing experiment in carbon-based chemistry which, over billions of years, has generated billions of species adapted to countless major and minor fluctuations in ecological circumstances. In one sense there is no way to generalize about biology. While biological activities can all be ultimately explained by physical laws (like everything else in the universe), it is the emergent intensely particular properties of organisms that most interest us. This essay represents an attempt to describe some of the more prominent patterns that emerge from the sea of biological particularities, patterns that present many opportunities for religious …

Trade-Offs, Food Web Structure, And The Coexistence Of Habitat Specialists And Generalists, Mark A. Mcpeek

Dartmouth Scholarship

Species differ greatly in the breadth of their environmental distributions. Within the same collection of habitats, some species occur in many habitats, while others are only able to exist in one of a few. Trade-offs in the abilities of species to perform in various ecological interactions are important both to facilitating species coexistence within a habitat and to limiting the distributions of species among habitats. In this article I use a food web model to explore how in the same collection of habitats some species may be limited by trade-offs to occupying only one habitat, while other species may face …

Shark Bay World Heritage Property: Summary Of Public Submissions To The Draft Management Plan For Fish Resources, Kevin A. Francesconi

Fisheries management papers

In November 1994, the draft management plan for fish resources for the Shark Bay World Heritage Area (Fisheries Management Paper no 72) was released for public comment. This report summarises and analyses the 28 written public submissions received to the draft fisheries management plan.

Shark Bay Management Paper For Fish Resources, Fisheries Department Of Western Australia, Department Of Conservation And Land Management

Fisheries management papers

This paper deals with the management of fish resources in the Shark Bay World Heritage Property which are the responsibility of the Fisheries Department of Western Australia. It was prepared by the Fisheries Department in close liaison with the Department of Conservation and Land Management. The policies and guidelines proposed in this paper will be followed for a period not exceeding 10 years.

Pearling And Aquaculture In The Dampier Archipelago - Existing And Proposed Operations - A Report For Public Comment, Ben Fraser

Fisheries management papers

This discussion paper has been prepared by the Fisheries Department of WA as part of a consultative process to enable the public to comment on existing and proposed pearling and aquaculture activities in the Dampier Archipelago. This report follows on from Fisheries Management Report 90 - the Driscoll Report - and provides more detailed information about pearling and aquaculture to enable the public to consider and comment on individual projects.

Rare And Endangered Plants At Gateway National Recreation Area: A Case For Protection Of Urban Natural Areas, Richard Stalter, Michael D. Byer, John T. Tanacredi Ph.D.

Faculty Works: CERCOM

The diversity of native plant species in urban environments is usually overlooked when biodiversity levels are considered. Inventories of native plants reveal many to be rare species surviving the harsh conditions encountered in urban ecosystems. Knowledge of their existence and an inventory of their distribution will assist in maintaining these populations. Protection strategies for rare plant species are outlined for urban National Parks.

Offshore Constitutional Settlement 1995, H. G. Brayford, G. E. Lyon

Fisheries management papers

The Offshore Constitutional Settlement OCS is a legal arrangement between the Commonwealth and State Governments, and defines control over the fisheries which operate off each State of Australia. For the Western Australian coast, the first set of arrangements took effect in 1987. The OCS of 1995 specifies five arrangements, under which the fisheries inside the 200 nautical mile approximately 370 km limit of the Australian Fishing Zone AFZ come under either State, Commonwealth, or joint control.

Same Fish - Different Rules - Proceedings Of The National Fisheries Management Network Workshop Held As Part Of The Third Australasian Fisheries Managers Conference August 1995, F. B. Prokop

Fisheries management papers

This workshop represents the third time that a specific recreational fisheries workshop has been held in conjunction with the Australasian Fisheries Managers Conference. It is designed to analyse the different management approaches from the various fisheries agencies which have responsibility for selected species. The case studies that make up the workshop have been selected to represent the diversity of situations including freshwater, marine, pelagic and invertebrate species.

Fishermen's Views On The Future Management Of The Rock Lobster Fishery: A Report Prepared On Behalf Of The Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee, The Marketing Centre, Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee

Fisheries management papers

In June 1995, a self-completion survey of fishermen in the rock lobster fishery was sent out by The Marketing Centre to 589 licensees. A total of 206 valid responses were received. The questionnaire was fairly long and dealt with a number of complex issues. As such, this response rate of 36.0% compares favorably with the average for postal surveys of around 40.0%. The following represents the main findings from the survey.

A Report On The Issues Affecting The Use Of The Dampier Archipelago, Peter Driscoll

Fisheries management papers

This report was commissioned by the Minister for Fisheries following concerns about resource sharing, allocation of licences and leases for pearling and aquaculture, recreational and commercial fishing opportunities, and local residents continued ability to access the islands and marine areas of the Dampier Archipelago. The purpose of this report is to provide a scoping document for a marine planning study for the Dampier Archipelago for the Fisheries Department and the Minister for Fisheries.

Management Arrangements For Specimen Shell Collection In Western Australia, 1995, Jonathon Hs Barrington, C A. Campbell

Fisheries management papers

The Specimen Shell Fishery in Western Australia is based on the collection of marine species of the phylum Mollusca for the purposes of display, collection, cataloguing, classification and sale. Specimen shells may be alive or dead at the time of take and include beach-washed shells. Fossilised shells do not constitute specimen shells. This document has been prepared to detail the legislative requirements of the Western Australian Government, as well as to fulfill the requirements under the Commonwealth Wildlife Protection (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1982 to allow for the export of specimen shells from Western Australian waters and the …

Balancing The Scales: Access And Equity In Fisheries Management - Proceedings Of The Third Australasian Fisheries Managers Conference, Rottnest Island, Western Australia, 2-4 August 1995, Patricia Summerfield

Fisheries management papers

The papers reproduced in this volume were presented at the Third Australasian Fisheries Managers Conference held at Kingstown Environmental Education Centre, Rottnest Island, Western Australia, from 2-4 August 1995. Two presentations have not been received in full written form and one paper was not available for publication due to copyright being held elsewhere. Abstracts of these papers are included in the proceedings. The papers are arranged in order of presentation at the Conference. The scenarios used in the workshop sessions are reproduced at the end of the proceedings for information.

The Texture Of Surficial Sediments In Central Long Island Sound Off Milford, Connecticut., Roman Zajac, Larry J. Poppe, B B. Taylor, Dann Blackwood, Ralph S. Lewis, Mary L. Digiacomo-Cohen

Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the grain-size distributions and associated statistical parameters of the surficial sediment samples from central Long Island Sound off Milford, Connecticut. These grain-size data, which help to ground-truth a pre-existent sidescan sonar survey (Poppe and others, 1995a; Twichell and others, in press), will eventually be used to describe the sedimentary processes active in this portion of central Long Island Sound. Other potential uses for these textural data include benthic biologic studies that evaluate faunal distributions and relate them to habitats (Zajac and others, 1995), and geochemical studies involving the distribution, transport and deposition …

Nitrogen Transformations In A Mitigated Wetland In The Green Bottom Wildlife Management Area, Mark Allen Fisher

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Soil nitrogen (N) dynamics have been shown to be quite sensitive to the soil hydrology. Creation of a mitigation freshwater wetland from an old field provided an opportunity to examine changes in N dynamics in terrestrial, aquatic (but formerly terrestrial), and transition (seasonally inundated) soils.

This thesis determined N availability using in situ incubations of soils taken from three distinct habitat conditions based on the degree of inundation following wetland creation: (1) old field (no inundation), (2) transition (seasonally inundated, initially beneath 10-20 cm of water), and (3) mitigation wetland (permanently inundated). Sample plots were located along five parallel transects …

Geographic Variation Of S̲O̲R̲E̲X̲ C̲I̲N̲E̲R̲E̲U̲S̲ In West Virginia, Lisa Jane Gatens

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The morphological and geographical diversity of Sorex cinereus is evident in West Virginia. In an attempt to identify patterns of morphological variation relative to age, sex, and geographic locality, and to clarify taxonomic status of the West Virginia soricids by defining diagnostic characters applicable to this area, a sample of 288 specimens representing three taxa were analyzed statistically. Standard external measurements were recorded, and a series of 12 cranial and dental characters were measured and recorded for each specimen. Morphological variation due to age was found in S. c. cinereus, but not in the smaller reference samples of S. …

Leptodactylus Silvanimbus (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae): Natural History Notes, Advertisement Call, And Relationships, W. Ronald Heyer, Rafael O. De Sá, James R. Mccranie, Larry David Wilson

Biology Faculty Publications

In July 1995, we visited two of the three previously known localities for Leprodactylus silvanimbus in Departamento de Ocotepeque, Honduras. We found a new breeding site for the species, recorded its advertisement call, and collected and observed its adults and larvae. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of these new findings and to comment on the relationships L. silvanimbus.

Características De La Osificación Craneal En Phyllomedusa Boliviana (Anura: Hylidae), Rafael O. De Sá, E. O. Lavilla

Biology Faculty Publications

RESUMEN. Dentro de la familia Hylidae disponemos de información sobre las secuencias de osificación craneal para menos del 4.0% de sus miembros. El presente trabajo describe la secuencia de osificación craneal de Phyllomedusa boliviana. El patrón general de osificación es similar a lo reportado para otras especies de la familia, pero existen algunas diferencias importantes tales como la osificación tardía de los próoticos y la osificación premetamórfica de neopalatino, vómer, cuadrado-yugal, pterigoides y columela. El lento desarrollo ulterior de la osificación resulta en juveniles con cráneos extensamente cartilaginosos.

ABSTRACT. Characteristics of the cranial ossification in Phyllomedusa …

Hyla Multifasciata, Rafael O. De Sá

Biology Faculty Publications

Hyla multifasciata is a medium to large species in the albopunctata species group, adults ranging in size from 42 - 61 mm SVL (mean male SVL = 48 mm, mean female SVL = 53 mm). The head is longer than wide. The snout is rounded in dorsal view, whereas in lateral view it is rounded and protrudes slightly beyond the mandible. The canthus rostralis is rounded and distinct, the loreal region is concave, and the internarial region is convex. The eyes are large, approximately twice the diameter of the tympanum. The tympanum is separated from the eye by a distance …

Organic Carbon, Hydrogen, And Nitrogen Concentrations In Surficial Sediments From Western Long Island Sound, Connecticut And New York, Roman Zajac, Larry J. Poppe, Ralph S. Lewis, S E. Pratt, Zofia J. Mlodzinska, B. B. Taylor, Mary L. Digiacomo-Cohen

Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications

Total organic carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN) analyses were performed on 147 surficial sediment samples from study areas off the Norwalk Islands and Milford, Connecticut, in western Long Island Sound. The CHN data and gross lithologic descriptions of the sediments are reported herein. The concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), hydrogen, and nitrogen in these samples average 1.54, 1.40, and 0.17 weight percent, respectively. The individual CHN concentrations vary inversely with grain size, with CHN values increasing with the percent fines. Increasing nutrient inputs and decreasing circulation cause TOC and nitrogen values to generally increase westward within the Sound. C/N …

The Texture Of Surficial Sediments In Western Long Island Sound Off The Norwalk Islands, Connecticut, Roman Zajac, Larry J. Poppe, B. B. Taylor, Dann Blackwood, A. E. Harmon

Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications

Grain-size analyses were performed on 69 samples from western Long Island Sound. The relative grain-size frequency distributions and related statistics are reported herein. Descriptions of the benthic character from video tapes and still camera photographs of the bottom at these stations, and 33 others, are also presented. The southern and eastern parts of the study area are dominated by poorly sorted clayey silts that have nearly symmetrical distributions. Gravelly sediments are prevalent in the shallow northwestern part of the study area, but are also present in central part of the study area. Bands of sand, silty sand, and sand-silt-clay occur …

Montandon Marsh: A Vegetation Description Of A Potentially Endangered Wetland, E. Hochman, W. Abrahamson, J. Clark

Warren G. Abrahamson, II

No abstract provided.

Concaveation And Maintenance Of Maternal Behavior In A Burrower Bug (Sehirus Cinctus): A Comparative Perspective, Scott Kight

Scott Kight