Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons^™

Review Of Evolution And Cognition, Edited By Cecilia Heyes And Ludwig Huber., Alan Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Heyes and Huber have edited a volume that surveys much of the current research into cognition in animals, reflecting the strengths and weaknesses of this field. The book is divided into five sections. In the first part, titled “Orientations,” four authors lay out their basic general views of the field. The first two chapters in this section are by the editors. First, Heyes makes the case for an approach to evolutionary psychology that she labels “in the round,” an approach that would encompass studies of human and nonhuman animals alike and include a broad range of contemporary evolutionary approaches. This …

Managing Minnesota's Recovered Wolves, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The Minnesota wolf (Canis lupus) population was estimated by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources at 2,450 during winter 1997-1998 and had increased at an average annual rate of 4.5°% since winter 1988-1989. The population may be removed from the federal endangered species list by 2002, and management would then return to the state. A federal recovery team recommended a population goal of 1,250-1,400 wolves for Minnesota, with none in the agricultural region. A plan approved by the Minnesota legislature, however, continues the protection of wolves, except for pet and livestock depredation control, for at least 5 years …

New Host And Geographic Records For Two Protostrongylids In Dall's Sheep, Susan J. Kutz, A. M. Veitch, Eric P. Hoberg, B. T. Elkin, Emily J. Jenkins, L. Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Biodiversity survey and inventory have resulted in new information on the distribution of Protostrongylidae in Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) from the Northwest Territories (Northwest Territories, Canada) and from Alaska (Alaska, USA). In 1998, Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei adults were found for the first time in the skeletal muscles of Dall’s sheep in the Mackenzie Mountains (Northwest Territories). Adult P. odocoilei were associated with petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages and localized myositis; eggs and larvae in the lungs were associated with diffuse granulomatous pneumonia. Experimental infections of the slugs Deroceras laeve and Deroceras reticulatum with dorsal-spined first-stage larvae assumed to be …

Records For The Utilization Of Prunus As A Larval Foodplant By 71 Species Of Lepidoptera In Northeast California, Laurence L. Crabtree, Ron Leuschner

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Twenty-six sites in five northeastern California counties (Shasta, Modoc, Plumas, Lassen, Tehama) were surveyed from 1991 to 1999 for the presence of lepidopteran larvae on naturally occurring shrubs of the genus Prunus. To date, a total of seventy-one species of Lepidoptera from seventeen families have been documented to utilize one or more of the area’s three Prunus species (P. emarginata, P. subcordata, and P. virginiana var. demissa).

Nine New Species Of Lacinipolia (Noctuidae) From Arizona, California And Vicinity, Charles L. Selman, Ron Leuschner

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

This article formalizes the taxonomic conclusions of the senior author’s 1975 successful doctorate dissertation. The nine new species defined in that 1975 dissertation are here formally described in compliance with the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). The authors have essentially abstracted the original 447 page dissertation and designated types. The new Lacinipolia species are: delongi, aileenae, triplehorni, bucketti, baueri, sharonae, martini, fordi, and franclemonti. The purpose of this paper is simply to make these names available to the scientific community and professional researchers by making them ICZN-compliant.

A Taxonomic Study Of, And Key To, The Lecithoceridae (Lepidoptera) From Guizhou, China, Chunsheng Wu

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

This paper provides a key to twelve species (in ten genera and three subfamilies) of Lecithoceridae from Guizhou Province, China. Among them, three species are unnamed and eight are new Guizhou Province records. The female of Opacoptera ecblasta Wu is known for the first time and its genitalia are illustrated for the first time.

The Biology, Life History, And Taxonomy Of Celastrina Neglectamajor (Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)., Harry Pavulaan, David M. Wright

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

The biology and life history of Celastrina neglectamajor is described. This lycaenid butterfly was first described from West Virginia, United States by 19th century lepidopterist, William H. Edwards, as a redescription of Lycaena pseudargiolus (Boisduval & Le Conte). Edwards provided evidence of its unique late spring flight, Appalachian affinity, and larval host Cimicifuga racemosa (Ranunculaceae). Edwards and subsequent authors, most notably Samuel Scudder of New England, treated it as an infrasubspecific form of the common eastern Celastrina ladon. In 1908 Tutt applied the form name neglectamajor, describing it from one of Edwards’ 1884 figures. For nearly a century, …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 32, No.4 December 2000

The Prairie Naturalist

LOCATING NESTS OF BIRDS IN GRASSLANDS FROM A MOBILE TOWER BLIND ▪ . T. F. Fondell, S. T. Hoekman, and L J. Ball

OBSERVATIONS ON SMALL MAMMALS RECOVERED FROM OWL PELLETS FROM NEBRASKA ▪ J J Huebschman, P. W Freeman, H. H. Genoways, and J A. Gubanyi

DlSTRIBUTION, HABITAT USE, AND NESTING SUCCESS OF HENSLOW'S SPARROW IN OKLAHOMA ▪ D. L. Reinking, D. A. Wiedenfeld, D. H. Wolfe, and R. W. Rohrbaugh, Jr.

REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS OF PIPING PLOVERS ON ALKALI LAKES IN NORTH DAKOTA AND MONTANA ▪ R. K. Murphy, M. J. Rabenberg, M. L. Sondreal, B. R. Casler, and …

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, November 2000, International Lepidoptera Survey, Ron Gatrelle

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Chlosyne ismeria ismeria by Ron Gatrelle (page 1)

Announcement: TC-ISBN Taxonomically Correct - Index of Scientific Butterfly Names

The Taxonomic Report update

Donations urgently needed for the International Lepidoptera Survey

2001 subscription rate lowered For TTR volume 3

Electrophysiological Studies Of Olfaction In The Whip Spider Phrynus Parvulus (Arachnida, Amblypygi), Eileen Hebets, Reginald F. Chapman

Eileen Hebets Publications

The olfactory response of the whip spider Phrynus parvulus from Costa Rica was examined using a technique analogous to that used for insect electroantennograms on the tarsi of the antenniform legs which bear multiporous sensilla. Responses to 42 chemicals representing different chain lengths of alkanes, carboxylic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, as well as some esters, monoterpenes, and phenolics were examined. Fifty-four percent of the chemicals tested elicited responses. Concentration–response curves were generated for guaiacol, hexanal, methyl salicylate, benzaldehyde, octanoic acid, and linalool. Guaiacol, benzaldehyde, and hexanol elicited the greatest responses and no differences were detected between the sexes. Compounds …

A New North American Swallowtail Butterfly: Description Of A Relict Subspecies Of Pterourus Troilus (Papilionidae) From The Southern Tip Of Florida, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

A neotype is designated for Papilio troilus Linnaeus, 1758 from Middleton Place Plantation, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. A neotype is designated for Papilio ilioneus J.E. Smith, 1797 from Burke County, Georgia. Abbot’s ilioneus figures in Smith are the first published representations of nominotypical Pterourus troilus troilus. Papilio troilus variation texanus Ehrmann, 1900 was described from Houston, Texas. The texanus type is in the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The name texanus was restricted (by original description) to a gray male form and is not subspecifically available under International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) article 45.5 or …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 32, No.3 September 2000

The Prairie Naturalist

SPECIAL FEATURE: LESSER PRAIRIE-CHICKEN

PREFACE ▪ C. E. Braun

NOTE ON SPECIAL FEATURES

POPULATION STATUS AND MANAGEMENT OF LESSER PRAIRIE-CHICKEN IN COLORADO ▪ K. M. Giesen

STATUS OF NESTING HABITAT FOR LESSER PRAIRIE-CHICKEN IN NEW MEXICO ▪ J. A. Bailey, J. Klingel, and C. A. Davis

STATUS OF THE LESSER PRAIRIE-CHICKEN IN NEW MEXICO, 1999 ▪ . J. A. Bailey, and S. O. Williams III

DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION TREND OF LESSER PRAIRIE-CHICKEN IN KANSAS ▪ W. E. Jensen, D A. Robinson. Jr and R. D. Applegate

REVIEW OF THE HISTORICAL AND PRESENT STATUS OF THE LESSER PRAIRIE-CHICKEN (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) IN …

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, August 2000, International Lepidoptera Survey, Ron Gatrelle

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Brephidium isophthalma insularus

Lepidopterists’ Society Annual Meeting

Phenosyncronic subspeciation

Announcement: Be watching for The International Lepidoptera Survey interactive web site

A Day of Collecting in Burke County Georgia by Ron Gatrelle (pages 3-5)

Description Of A New Subspecies Of Poanes Aaroni (Hesperioidae: Hesperiinae) From The West Central Gulf Coast Of The Southern United States, Ronald R. Gatrelle

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Poanes aaroni bordeloni is described from Jefferson County, Texas, United States. This taxon is part of a lepidopteran community endemic to the west central area of the United States Gulf Coast between Mobile Bay, Alabama and Galveston Bay, Texas. As such, bordeloni is defined taxonomically by its evolutionary development as much as by its facies. Bordeloni is the largest aaroni subspecies. Bordeloni males are marked much like those of P. a. howardi both dorsally and ventrally. Bordeloni females usually have the fulvous spotting on the dorsal forewings reduced as in P. a. minimus females while …

A New Species Of Angulopis (Lycaenidae, Eumaeini) From Relict Coastal Forest In East-Central Argentina, Gustavo Canals, Kurt Johnson

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Angulopis puntalaraensis is described from a single female specimen collected between 1950 and 1955 in the National Reserve Punta Lara, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. This site is a relict of coastal gallery forest. No other specimens are known.

Flea News 60 (July 2000), Robert E. Lewis

Flea News

Announcement: Printed copies of Flea News discontinuing

Obituary: Franciscus Gerardus Albertus Maria Smit (June 7, 1920-January 28, 2000)

Book review: Sifonapteros do Brasil, Pedro Marcois Linardi and Lindolpho Rocha Guimaraes. Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia USP/FAPESP, 2000.

Flea species

Literature

Miscellanea: As of January 2000 the name of the Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington was changed to Comparative Parasitology.

Extralimital Records Of The Mexican Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasilensis Mexicana) In The Central United States And Their Biological Significance, Hugh H. Genoways, Patricia W. Freeman, Cary Grell

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Two new records of Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana are reported from Nebraska. The literature records of this taxon from the central United States are summarized. In this region of North America, these bats occupy a “natal range” where the species carries on regular reproductive activities and the populations are relatively stable, including California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma. To the north of the natal range of T. b. mexicana is a “pioneering zone” where, under favorable conditions, the species is capable of reproducing and conducting its normal activities. The pioneering zone of the Mexican free-tailed bat includes Barber and Comanche …

Shifting Distributional Patterns Of Mammals In Nebraska, Russell A. Benedict, Hugh H. Genoways, Patricia W. Freeman

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

New distributional records are presented for 20 species of mammals in Nebraska. The majority of these records appear to represent changes in geographic distribution rather than just better sampling in poorly known areas. One group of mammals, including the opossum, northern myotis, evening bat, red bat, woodchuck, white-footed mouse, and gray fox, is expanding westward, probably in response to increasing woodlands along river systems. Another group, including the meadow vole, masked shrew, and least weasel, is expanding southward, possibly in response to new prey species and changing microclimates. The eastern woodrat appears to be expanding northward in eastern Nebraska. The …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 32, No.2 June 2000

The Prairie Naturalist

EVALUATING MORNING AND AFTERNOON ELECTROFISHING CATCH RATES FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS IN KANSAS LAKES C. A. Cox, and R. D. Schultz

DYNAMICS OF GREEN ASH WOODLANDS IN THEODORE ROOSEVELT NATIONAL PARK ▪ L. R. Irby, J. E. Norland, M. G. Sullivan, J. A. Westfall, Jr., and P. Anderson

STATUS OF THE ARKANSAS DARTER IN SOUTH-CENTRAL KANSAS AND ADJACENT OKLAHOMA ▪ M. E. Eberle, and W J. Stark

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA 1999 R. N. Randall

AN OBSERVATION OF POSSIBLE BROOD ADOPTION IN RUDDY DUCKS ▪ J. T. Pelayo

MAXILLARY CANINE TEETH IN A NORTH DAKOTA DEER ▪ W. F. …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 32, No.1 March 2000

The Prairie Naturalist

FRESHWATER MUSSELS (BIVALVIA: UNIONOIDEA) IN STREAMS OF NORTHWESTERN KANSAS ▪ S. M. Bergman, M. E. Eberle, and B. K. Obenneyer

PISCIVOROUS BIRD DEPREDATION AT NORTHERN MINNESOTA AQUACULTURE FACILITIES ▪ G. K. Bridgman, E. H. Rave, and J. M. Rafferty 17

EFFECTS OF MOWED TRAILS ON DEPREDATION OF ARTIFICIAL NESTS IN GRASSLAND ▪ D. J. Rosenblatt, J. J. Newton, and E . J. Heske

PLANT COMMUNITY PATTERNS ON UPLAND PRAIRIE IN THE EASTERN NEBRASKA SANDHILLS ▪ W. H. Schacht, J. D. Volesky, D. Bauer, A. J. Smart, and E. M. Mousel

AMERICAN BITTERN DEPREDATES SORA ▪ J. E. Austin, and M. …

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, March 2000, International Lepidoptera Survey

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents

Phyciodes batesii maconensis survey

Phyciodes batesii maconensis survey

Anthocharis midea

Scudder’s quaiapen

Mississippi Deciduphagus henrici

The Taxonomic Report publication update, review policy, and ICZN position

A Phylogenetic Hypothesis For Species Of The Genus Taenia (Eucestoda: Taeniidae), Eric P. Hoberg, Arlene Jones, Robert L. Rausch, Keeseon S. Eom, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cladistic analysis of a numerical data matrix describing 27 characters for species of Taenia resulted in four most parsimonious phylogenetic trees (174 steps; consistency index = 0.28; homoplasy index = 0.72; retention index = 0.48). Monophyly for Taenia is diagnosed by the metacestode that is either a cysticercus or a form derived from a bladder-like larva; no other unequivocal synapomorphies are evident. Tree structure provides no support for recognition of a diversity of tribes or genera within the Taeniinae: Fimbriotaeniini and Taeniini have no phylogenetic basis. Hydatigera, Fimbriotaenia, Fossor, Monordotaenia, Multiceps, Taeniarhynchus, Tetratirotaenia must …

Breeding Season Demography And Movements Of Eastern Towhees At The Savannah River Site, South Carolina, David G. Krementz, Larkin A. Powell

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) has undergone population declines across much of its range, especially in New England. Despite being a widespread and, at one time, a common species, relatively little is known about its natural history, ecology, or demographics. We conducted baseline research on Eastern Towhees at the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, in 1995 and 1996 to estimate breeding season survival rates, nest success rates, breeding densities, and daily movements. We also were interested in whether towhees had differences in survival and movement rates between young and mature managed pine stands. We found that survival rates during the …

Leadership In Wolf, Canis Lupus, Packs, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

I examine leadership in Wolf (Callis lupus) packs based on published observations and data gathered during summers from 1986 to 1998 studying a free-ranging pack of Wolves on Ellesmere Island that were habituated to my presence. The breeding male tended to initiate activities associated with foraging and travel, and the breeding female to initiate, and predominate in, pup care and protection. However, there was considerable overlap and interaction during these activities such that leadership could be considered a joint function. In packs with multiple breeders, quantitative information about leadership is needed.

Do Wolves Affect White-Tailed Buck Harvest In Northeastern Minnesota?, L. David Mech, Michael E. Nelson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We used simple linear regression to analyze 8-23 years of data on a wolf (Canis lupus) population and human harvest of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) bucks in northeastern Minnesota to determine any effects of wolves on buck harvesting. Over the long term, wolves accounted for at least 14-22% inter-year variation in buck harvest in the region, but an unknown amount of variation in hunter effort have obscured any more precise estimate. For part of the area with poorest habitat, we found strong relationships (r² = 0.66-0.84) between annual wolf numbers and buck harvests from 1988 …

Assessing Factors That May Predispose Minnesota Farms To Wolf Depredations On Cattle, L. David Mech, Elizabeth K. Harper, Thomas J. Meier, William J. Paul

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock cause considerable conflict and expense in Minnesota. Furthermore, claims are made that such depredations are fostered by the type of animal husbandry practiced. Thus, we tried to detect factors that might predispose farms in Minnesota to wolf depredations. We compared results of interviews with 41 cattle farmers experiencing chronic cattle losses to wolves (chronic farms) with results from 41 nearby "matched" farms with no wolf losses to determine farm characteristics or husbandry practices that differed and that therefore might have affected wolf depredations. We also used a Geographic Information System (GIS) to …

Response To Critique Of The Claim Of Cannibalism At Cowboy Wash, Patricia M. Lambert, Banks L. Leonard, Brian R. Billman, Richard A. Marlar, Margaret E. Newman, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

The original authors of Billman et af. (2000) are joined by three other analysts from the Cowboy Wash research team to respond to the critique of this article by Dongoske et af. (2000). Dongoske and his coauthors state that Billman et af. (2000) failed to test alternative hypotheses or to consider alternative explanations for the findings at 5MTJOOJO and similar sites. The original authors point out that alternative hypotheses were examined and rejected, leaving a violent episode of cannibalism as the most plausible explanation for the remains found at 5MTJOOJO. Dongoske et af. also question many aspects of the osteological, …

Geometric Rule Learning By Clark’S Nutcrackers (Nucifraga Columbiana), Alan Kamil, Juli E. Jones

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Clark’s nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) were trained to search in a location defined by its geometric relationship to 2 landmarks. Two groups were trained to search at different points along the line connecting the landmarks, and 2 groups were trained to find the 3rd point of a triangle, on the basis of either direction or distance from the landmarks. All groups learned and transferred to new interlandmark distances. However, the constant-distance group learned more slowly, searched less accurately, and showed less transfer than the other 3 groups. When tested with new orientations of the landmarks, the birds tended to …

The Cost Of Limited Attention In Blue Jays, Reuven Dukas, Alan Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Experiments with fish and birds suggest that animals are unable to simultaneously allocate sufficient attention to tasks such as the detection of an approaching predator while searching for cryptic prey. We quantified the effects of limited attention on performance in controlled laboratory settings and report here the first direct evidence that attending to a difficult central task simulating foraging deters a bird’s ability to detect a peripheral target, which could be a predator. Our results fill a gap between ecological and neurobiological studies by illustrating that, although attention is an efficient filtering mechanism, limited attention may be a major cause …

Surviving The Flood: Plastron Respiration In The Non-Tracheate Arthropod Phrynus Marginemaculatus (Amblypygi: Arachnida), Eileen Hebets, Reginald F. Chapman

Eileen Hebets Publications

Specimens of Phrynus marginemaculatus can remain responsive when submerged in water for more than 24 hours. Behavioral data indicate that P. marginemaculatus utilizes dissolved oxygen from the surrounding water. Scanning electron miscroscopy and light microscope sections show cuticular modifications for plastron respiration. All previous examples of plastron respiration have involved animals with tracheal systems, but amblypygids respire through the use of two pairs of book lungs. This study provides the first example of plastron respiration not only in the order Amblypygi, but also, in any non-tracheate arthropod.