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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

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Articles 511 - 540 of 632

Full-Text Articles in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

Movements Of Channel Catfish And Flathead Catfish In Beaver Reservoir, Northwest Arkansas, Thomas O. Duncan, Milton R. Myers Jr. Jan 1978

Movements Of Channel Catfish And Flathead Catfish In Beaver Reservoir, Northwest Arkansas, Thomas O. Duncan, Milton R. Myers Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A total of 497 channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and flathead catfish, Pylodictis olivaris. were tagged in Beaver Reservoir during two November-April tagging periods (1967-68 and 1968-69); total recaptures were 9.5 and 11.7% respectively. The longest time between tagging and recapture was 1622 days (4.4 years) for channel catfish and 494 days (1.4 years) for flathead catfish. The longest distances traveled were 43.1 km by a channel catfish and 44.3 km by a flathead catfish. Fisherman returns indicated that catfish were caught primarily from April through July. The many recaptures, even after long periods, within 1.6 km of the tagging point, …

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Fishes Of The Caddo River, Arkansas, After Impoundment Of Degray Lake, Michael R. Dewey, Thomas E. Moen Jan 1978

Fishes Of The Caddo River, Arkansas, After Impoundment Of Degray Lake, Michael R. Dewey, Thomas E. Moen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fifty-five collections of fishes were made with small-mesh seines and electrofishing gear in the Caddo River and four of its tributaries during 1974-75. Eighty-two species representing 17 families were collected; 14 of the species had not previously been reported from the Caddo River.

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Summary Of The Status Of Harvest Mice, Cricetidae: Reithrodontomys, In Arkansas, V. Rick Mcdaniel, John C. Huggins, James A. Huggins, Michael W. Hinson Jan 1978

Summary Of The Status Of Harvest Mice, Cricetidae: Reithrodontomys, In Arkansas, V. Rick Mcdaniel, John C. Huggins, James A. Huggins, Michael W. Hinson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Although four species of harvest mice, Reithrodoniomyx, are known to occur in Arkansas, the distributional status of the genus in the state is poorly understood. Recent museum specimens significantly extend the range of R. megalotix and R. fulvescens in the state. R. megalotis is shown to range south through Phillips Co. in eastern Arkansas, and R. fulvescens is shown to range throughout most of the state, now including most of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. A new specimen of R. humulis from Delaware Co., Oklahoma, suggests that this species probably ranges throughout northwestern Arkansas. R montanus remains known only from Washington …

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Fishes Of Morrow Creek, A Lower Ouachita River Tributary, In Southern Arkansas, Henry W. Robison, Stephen A. Winters Jan 1978

Fishes Of Morrow Creek, A Lower Ouachita River Tributary, In Southern Arkansas, Henry W. Robison, Stephen A. Winters

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The fishes of Moro Creek, a fifth order stream tributary of the lower Ouachita River in southern Arkansas, were sampled from 1972-1977. Field collections, literature records and museum records revealed a total of 63 species representing 14 families. An undescribed cyprinid, the bluehead shiner, is reported from Moro Creek for the first time. In general, longitudinal zonation of fish species was apparent as species diversity increased downstream. Stream inhabitants were typical Coastal Plain fishes of the lower Ouachita River system.

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Influence Of Lead, An Environmental Pollutant On Metamorphosis Of Rana Utricularia (Amphibia: Ranidae), Gloria L. Yeung Jan 1978

Influence Of Lead, An Environmental Pollutant On Metamorphosis Of Rana Utricularia (Amphibia: Ranidae), Gloria L. Yeung

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The influence of lead, an environmental pollutant on metamorphosis of Rana utricularia, was examined in this study. Larvae of stage XI (Taylor and Kollros, 1946), beginning of the premetamorphic stage, were exposed to lead concentrations of 0.1 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 1.0 ppm and 1.5 ppm for 106 days. The untreated larvae served as controls. Larvae were observed from early limb bud stage, stage X, through the protrusion of the forelimbs, stage XX. Neither the sequence of developmental events nor the gross external and internal morphology was altered by lead. However, lead prolonged the time of metamorphosis by delaying the completion …

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Unusual Accumulation Of Bat Remains From An Ozark Cave, David A. Saugey, R. H. Baber, V. Rick Mcdaniel Jan 1978

Unusual Accumulation Of Bat Remains From An Ozark Cave, David A. Saugey, R. H. Baber, V. Rick Mcdaniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Age And Growth Of Carp From Beaver Reservoir, Arkansas, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison Jan 1978

Age And Growth Of Carp From Beaver Reservoir, Arkansas, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Some Physiological And Morphological Adaptations For Underwater Survival In Natrix Rhombifera And Elaphe Obsoleta, Dennis A. Baeyens, Chris T. Mcallister, Leland F. Morgans Jan 1978

Some Physiological And Morphological Adaptations For Underwater Survival In Natrix Rhombifera And Elaphe Obsoleta, Dennis A. Baeyens, Chris T. Mcallister, Leland F. Morgans

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The submergence times of the diamondback water snake (Natrix rhombifera) and black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta) were compared. Both species could easily survive underwater for periods greater than one hour. Furthermore, there was no difference in time of underwater survival in the two species. Some physiological and morphological parameters which may contribute to the ability of N. rhombifera and E. obsoleta to remain submerged were also examined. E. obsoleta was found to have a greater lung volume and larger and more numerous alveoli than N. rhombifera. Both species demonstrated a bradycardia upon submergence but it was less pronounced than the …

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Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Ouachita Mountain Area, Peggy Rae Dorris, Fred L. Burnside Jr. Feb 1977

Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Ouachita Mountain Area, Peggy Rae Dorris, Fred L. Burnside Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Addendum To "Fishes Of The Fourche River" In North Central Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds Feb 1977

Addendum To "Fishes Of The Fourche River" In North Central Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Distribution, Habitat Notes, And The Status Of The Ironcolor Shiner, Notropis Chalybaeus Cope, In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison Jan 1977

Distribution, Habitat Notes, And The Status Of The Ironcolor Shiner, Notropis Chalybaeus Cope, In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Field work throughout Arkansas since 1971 and a search of museum records have yielded 35 collections of the iron color shiner, Notropis chalybaeus Cope (Cyprinidae), not previously documented in Arkansas. From these data the iron color shiner is considered to be confined to the Coastal Plain physiographic province of Arkansas below the Fall Line, becoming most abundant in the Ouachita and Red River drainages of southern Arkansas. Notes on habitat preference, species associates, and current status of N. chalybaeus within Arkansas are presented.

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Algal Assemblage Distribution As Related To Seasonal Fluctuations Of Selected Metal Concentrations, Ramona G. Rice, Richard L. Meyer Jan 1977

Algal Assemblage Distribution As Related To Seasonal Fluctuations Of Selected Metal Concentrations, Ramona G. Rice, Richard L. Meyer

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Seasonal variations of phytoplankton assemblages have been observed in a mildly eutrophic lake in northwestern Arkansas for six years. The data indicated that certain metal concentrations also varied seasonally. Sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations, and phytoplankton composition and abundances were examined spatially and temporally. Four major algal blooms characterized the lake: a spring, a summer and an autumnal cyanophycean assemblage and a winter diatom-chrysophyte dominated population. Each metal concentration was inversely proportional to the abundance of the cyanophytes. The presence of the winter assemblage was accompanied by decreases in sodium, calcium and magnesium and increased levels of potassium. …

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Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton Jan 1977

Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Insect populations over a 1.2 hectare southeast Arkansas livestock pond were sampled to consider the possibility of their use as a fish food supplement. A commercial insect attraction unit was suspended above the pond, and attracted insects were collected. Insect populations were sampled 3-4 nights each month, January-December, 1976. Insects collected were identified and analyses were performed to determine nutritional composition and pesticide content. Insect samples were variable, however, 62% of the insects identified were in the Order Diptera and 97% of these were in the Family Chironomidae. Nutritional analyses revealed insects were more than 60% crude protein. Pesticide analysis …

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The Distribution Of Cane, Arundinaria Gigante (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), Daniel L. Marsh Jan 1977

The Distribution Of Cane, Arundinaria Gigante (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The distribution of cane in the United States was compiled on a county basis from previous records, correspondence, and field work. Ecological correlations were considered. The range appears to be limited primarily by temperature and precipitation. Two geographic populations correlate with major drainage divisions. The broad ecologic amplitude of cane is indicated by its occurrence in many different community types.

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Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner Jan 1977

Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The second in a series of papers describing the fauna of Arkansas caves includes distributional records and ecological status (as a cavernicole) of 53 vertebrate taxa, including: 3 fishes, 7 salamanders, 6 frogs, 3 lizards, 7 snakes, one turtle, 3 birds, and 23 mammals. Several of the taxa occur on state lists of endangered species, but records accumulated during the past 5 years indicate the need for a reevaluation of the actual populational status of these organisms.

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Growth, Mortality, Food Habits, And Fecundity Of The Buffalo River Smallmouth Bass, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison, James C. Adams Jan 1977

Growth, Mortality, Food Habits, And Fecundity Of The Buffalo River Smallmouth Bass, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison, James C. Adams

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Total length-scale radius, and length-weight relationships were determined for smallmouth bass from the Buffalo River. The back calculated lengths were used in analyzing the age-length data by the Bertalanffy growth formula. Asymptotic length and weight were estimated as 58.3 cm and 4.6 lbs, respectively. Annual mortality of 36 percent was estimated by the catch curve method. Insects (54%), fishes (16%), and crayfish (14%) were the abundant food organisms by frequency of occurrence; while fishes (64%) and crayfish (29%) were the dominant food items by the gravimetric method. Based on the gonosomatic indices and frequency distribution of ovum diameter measurements, smallmouth …

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Fishes Of The Eleven Point River Within Arkansas, Michael B. Johnson, John K. Beadles Jan 1977

Fishes Of The Eleven Point River Within Arkansas, Michael B. Johnson, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of the fishes of the Eleven Point River and its tributaries was made between 31 January 1976 and 13 February 1977. Sixty-three collections, literature records and personal communications revealed 90 species distributed among 19 families. This study revealed 31 species previously not reported for this river system. The Eleven Point River is a clear, predominantly springfed Ozark stream which is located in western Randolph County. From the Arkansas-Missouri state line, the Eleven Point River flows south for approximately 64 km before joining the Spring River. Terrain in the Arkansas portion of this river is rugged as the river …

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Dragonflies Of (Anisoptera) Arkansas, George L. Harp, John D. Rickett Jan 1977

Dragonflies Of (Anisoptera) Arkansas, George L. Harp, John D. Rickett

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Previous publications have recorded 69 species of dragonflies for Arkansas. Three of these are deleted, but state records for 21 new species are reported herein, bringing the list to 87 species. Based on lists from adjacent states, an additional nine species are listed as probably occurring in Arkansas. County records are given for both naiads and adults of each species, as well as first and last capture dates for adults. Specific location and capture date are given for new state records when such data are available. The most species (39) have been reported from Washington County. Twenty-nine counties list from …

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Fishes Of Crowley's Ridge In Arkansas, Robert F. Fulmer, George L. Harp Jan 1977

Fishes Of Crowley's Ridge In Arkansas, Robert F. Fulmer, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Crowley's Ridge is one of the six natural geographic divisions of Arkansas which rises out of the Mississippi embayment as a relatively steep, uncultivated loessial mass. The ridge is drained by a network of headwater streams which are relatively clear with alkaline pH values and uniformly low alkalinity values. Carbon dioxide values were moderate and oxygen values were adequate. The fish species collected were basically headwater in composition. Isolated groups of characteristically upland species indicate that environmental quality of adjacent deltaic streams was better at one time.

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Fishes Of Sylamore Creek, Stone County, Arkansas, George C. Frazier, John K. Beadles Jan 1977

Fishes Of Sylamore Creek, Stone County, Arkansas, George C. Frazier, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of the fishes of Sylamore Creek in northcentral Arkansas yielded a total of 15,041 specimens representing 44 species, including one hybrid, distributed among 11 families. The three most abundant fishes collected were: Notropis pilsbryi Fowler, Dionda nubila (Forbes), and Notropis telescopus (Cope), respectively. Two species, Campostoma anomalum pullum (Agassiz), and N. pilsbryi, were collected at every station. Sylamore Creek is a clear predominantely spring-fed stream that originate in the Ozark Mountains of northcentral Arkansas and empties into the White River 72.3 km above Bates vilie. Sylamore Creek is composed of two branches, North and South Sylamore, which comprise …

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Forest Communities Of Crowley's Ridge, G. Thomas Clark Jan 1977

Forest Communities Of Crowley's Ridge, G. Thomas Clark

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The forest communities of Crowley's Ridge in Arkansas were surveyed by sampling 22 selected stands which met predetermined criteria. The Importance Value (I.V.) for each woody species over one decimeter, diameter breast height (dbh), was derived from the combined values of relative density, relative dominance by basal area (B.A.), and relative frequency. Young trees under one decimeter, dbh, were assigned to three height classes from which frequency, density, and stratification data were derived. White Oak-Red Oak-Hickory is the general forest type. Its subdivisions: Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest, Mixed Oak-Hickory Forest, and White Oak-Beech Forest are advocated for practical field references. They are …

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Fishes Of Randolph County, Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles, Billy M. Johnson Jan 1977

Fishes Of Randolph County, Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles, Billy M. Johnson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of the fishes of Randolph County in northcentral Arkansas was made between June 1973 and March 1977. Field collections, literature records, and museum specimens revealed the ichthyofauna of Randolph County to be composed of 128 species distributed among 24 families. Cyprinidae was the largest family, being represented by 34 species while Percidae was represented by 24 species. Randolph County is composed of Ozark Uplands and Coastal Plain areas. All of the stream systems flow into the Black River system with the exception of Village Creek in the southeastern corner of the county which flows into White River. The …

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Scaled Chrysophyceae From Arkansas, Robert A. Andersen, Richard L. Meyer Jan 1977

Scaled Chrysophyceae From Arkansas, Robert A. Andersen, Richard L. Meyer

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

An initial study of scaled chrysophytes from Arkansas is presented. Species include: Synura Petersenii f. Petersenii, S. spinosa f. spinosa, S. curtispina f. curtispina, S. curtispina f. reticulata, S. uvella, Mallomonas striata var. striata, M. pumilio var. pumilio, and Chrysosphaerella brevispina. Transmission electron micrographs of their siliceous scales are included.

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An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System, Volume Iii-The Effects Upon The Zooplankton Associations, Edgar D. Short, Eugene H. Schmitz Jan 1976

An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System, Volume Iii-The Effects Upon The Zooplankton Associations, Edgar D. Short, Eugene H. Schmitz

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The primary purpose of the zooplankton phase of the coordinated study was to attempt to evaluate the effects of dredging operations on the abundance, distribution, composition and complexity of the zooplankton communities within the aquatic system of the Arkansas River. The other phases of investigation include fish, macroinvertebrates, phytoplankton and some physico-chemical parameters. The lack of baseline data, needed for measurement of previous ecological conditions from which to detect past and future changes, proved to be a major impediment to any evaluation. Although the study involved only about 240 miles of the river in Arkansas, it should serve as an …

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Macrobenthos Population Changes In Crystal Lake, Arkansas, Subsequent To Cage Culture Fish, James C. Adams, Raj V. Kilambi, William A. Wickizer, Arthur V. Brown Jan 1976

Macrobenthos Population Changes In Crystal Lake, Arkansas, Subsequent To Cage Culture Fish, James C. Adams, Raj V. Kilambi, William A. Wickizer, Arthur V. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A three-year study was conducted to determine the possible effects of cage culture of fish on the environment of Crystal Lake, Arkansas. The investigation consisted of three periods: pre- (November 1971-October 1972), during- (November 1972-October 1973), and post- (November 1973-October 1974) cage culture. Numbers and biomass of benthos per square meter for pre-, during-, and post-culture periods were 1353 (10.0g), 730 (8.8g), and 1028 (4.1g), respectively. Numerically, Chaoborus sp., Chironomidae, and Oligochaeta comprised more than 97%. Chaoborus was the most numerous organism before fish culture (>68%), but dominance shifted to the Oligochaeta (>58%) after culture.

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Distributional Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles From Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., Zane M. Anderson Jan 1976

Distributional Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles From Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., Zane M. Anderson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the West Gulf Coastal Plain and Mississippi Alluvial Plain is not well known because extensive collecting has not been done in these areas and data in museums have not been published. New distributional records for three salamanders (Desmognathus fuscus brimleyorum, Manculus quadridigitarus, Plethodon glutinosus glutinosus) , two anurans (Rana areolata circulosa, Scaphiopus holbrooki holbrooki), and one snake (Lampropeltis doliata amaura) are presented. Additional collecting will be necessary to determine the exact range and status of the secretive species.

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Continuation Of Mourning Dove Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, With Emphasis On Cyclical Behavioral Patterns, Thurman Booth, Fred L. Burnside Jr., Jan Burnside, Peggy Rae Dorris Jan 1976

Continuation Of Mourning Dove Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, With Emphasis On Cyclical Behavioral Patterns, Thurman Booth, Fred L. Burnside Jr., Jan Burnside, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In conjunction with the U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, the Henderson State University Biology Department has continued a study of mourning doves in Clark County, Arkansas, with emphasis on cyclical behavioral patterns. Three hundred forty-three mourning doves were baited, trapped, and banded to obtain information concerning age, sex, populations, retraps, abnormalities, migrations, trap injuries, cyclical behavioral patterns, and other factors.

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Characteristics And Behavior Of Guineafowl And Domesticated Chicken Hybrids, Earl L. Hanebrink Jan 1976

Characteristics And Behavior Of Guineafowl And Domesticated Chicken Hybrids, Earl L. Hanebrink

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The description, behavior, and morphologic measurements are presented for two hybrid crosses of domesticated chicken and guineafowl. The ease at which gallinaceous birds hybridize might warrant a closer look at the classification system. Possibly the number of families in the superfamily Phasianoidea should be reduced as some other researchers suggest.

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Update Of Arkansas Odonata (Anisoptera), John D. Rickett Jan 1976

Update Of Arkansas Odonata (Anisoptera), John D. Rickett

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Seventy-five species of dragonflies have been reported in Arkansas. The present study provides 43 species; records of the other 32 are drawn from the literature and personal communication with individuals. A new species, Gomphus ozarkensis, described from western Arkansas in 1975 on the basis of minimal data emphasizes the need for extensive work in this area. Opportunities to collect and identify additional species are discussed.

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Food Sharing Behavior In Primates: Another Species Added, Charles G. Wilson Jan 1976

Food Sharing Behavior In Primates: Another Species Added, Charles G. Wilson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Observations of food sharing behavior in golden lion marmosets are reported and three categories of food sharing behavior are proposed for primates: passive, active, and overt.

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