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Articles 31 - 60 of 156
Full-Text Articles in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Effects Of Hemiparasites In Grassland Restorations Are Not Universal, Anna Marie Scheidel, Victoria Borowicz
Effects Of Hemiparasites In Grassland Restorations Are Not Universal, Anna Marie Scheidel, Victoria Borowicz
Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences
Root hemiparasites infiltrate the vascular tissue of host roots to acquire water and nutrients, which often reduces host growth. Hemiparasites are postulated to be keystone species in grassland communities if they suppress dominant species and increase plant community biodiversity, and ecosystem engineers if they increase nutrient accessibility for surrounding species. We examined keystone effects by evaluating species richness and evenness in 1 m2 plots in a recent prairie restoration where Castilleja sessiliflora was naturally present or absent, and in a longer-established prairie restoration with or without Pedicularis canadensis. We examined ecosystem engineer effects by determining nitrate and phosphate concentrations …
A Coupled Model Of Population, Poaching, And Economic Dynamics To Assess Rhino Conservation Through Legal Trade, Henry Doyle, Kylie Champagne, Ditto Rajpal, Grace Seebeck, David J. Gerberry
A Coupled Model Of Population, Poaching, And Economic Dynamics To Assess Rhino Conservation Through Legal Trade, Henry Doyle, Kylie Champagne, Ditto Rajpal, Grace Seebeck, David J. Gerberry
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Rhinoceros populations in Africa are in peril largely due to the high value of their horns and the poaching that ensues. The strategy of legalizing the international trade of rhino horn is receiving increased support among both the people and government officials in Africa. Many in the international conservation community remain opposed to the idea. The legalization strategy is straightforward in theory: legalizing the trade of rhino horn will introduce a large quantity of horn to the market, the increased supply will lead to lower prices for rhino horn, and lower prices will reduce the overall poaching pressure these animals …
Data For Context-Dependence Of An Antipredator Response In Neotropical Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones), Austin Calhoun, Rachel Bowden, Ben Sadd
Data For Context-Dependence Of An Antipredator Response In Neotropical Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones), Austin Calhoun, Rachel Bowden, Ben Sadd
Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences
Inducible defence strategies evolve in response to temporally and spatially variable predation risk. Selection should favour the expression of these strategies when risk crosses a threshold, but expression may also depend on how effective a given strategy is across different contexts (e.g., social environment). For neotropical harvestmen, aggregation behaviour has been shown to be a group-level defence strategy but can be supplemented by additional behaviour to enhance antipredator defence. A secondary behavioural strategy termed “bobbing” has been documented as being associated with gregarious behaviour, in which individuals rapidly move their bodies up and down. This strategy has been proposed to …
Past And Recent Anthropogenic Pressures Drive Rapid Changes In Riverine Fish Communities, Alain Danet, Xingli Giam, Julian D. Olden, Lise Comte
Past And Recent Anthropogenic Pressures Drive Rapid Changes In Riverine Fish Communities, Alain Danet, Xingli Giam, Julian D. Olden, Lise Comte
Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences
Understanding how and why local communities change is a pressing task for conservation, especially in freshwater systems. It remains challenging because of the complexity of biodiversity changes, driven by the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of human pressures. Using a compilation of riverine fish community time series (93% between 1993 and 2019) across the Palaearctic, Nearctic and Australasia realms, we assessed how past and recent anthropogenic pressures drive community changes across both space and time. We found evidence of rapid changes in community composition of 30% per decade characterized by important changes in the dominant species, together with a 13% increase in total …
Msis-Capaldi: Using Mathematical Models To Evaluate Strategies For Managing White-Nose Syndrome In Little Brown Bats, Julie Blackwood
Msis-Capaldi: Using Mathematical Models To Evaluate Strategies For Managing White-Nose Syndrome In Little Brown Bats, Julie Blackwood
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
An Integrated Pest Management Model Incorporating Prey Refuge And Movement Between Regions, Aashima Singh Sisodia, Timothy Comar
An Integrated Pest Management Model Incorporating Prey Refuge And Movement Between Regions, Aashima Singh Sisodia, Timothy Comar
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Using A Coupled Integral Projection Model To Investigate Interspecific Competition During An Invasion: An Application To Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix) And Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum), James Peirce
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Distinguishing Community Assembly Through Functional Redundancy Models., Sandra A. Tsiorintsoa, Sharon Bewick, Matthew Macauley
Distinguishing Community Assembly Through Functional Redundancy Models., Sandra A. Tsiorintsoa, Sharon Bewick, Matthew Macauley
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Nutrient Driven Dynamics Of Ecosystem Diseases, Rebecca Everett
Nutrient Driven Dynamics Of Ecosystem Diseases, Rebecca Everett
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Modeling The Long-Distance Effects Of Predation, Henry Ogu
Modeling The Long-Distance Effects Of Predation, Henry Ogu
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Msis-Glenn: Natural Selection In Wolves Leads To Domesticated Dogs Predicted By Agent-Based Model Simulations, Alex Capaldi, David C. Elzinga
Msis-Glenn: Natural Selection In Wolves Leads To Domesticated Dogs Predicted By Agent-Based Model Simulations, Alex Capaldi, David C. Elzinga
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Msis-Udiani: Tactics And Trade-Offs: The Evolution Of Host Resource Provisioning In Microbiome Management, Oyita Udiani, Nina Fefferman
Msis-Udiani: Tactics And Trade-Offs: The Evolution Of Host Resource Provisioning In Microbiome Management, Oyita Udiani, Nina Fefferman
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Msis-Kondrashov: Data-Driven Modeling With Integral Projection Models, James Peirce
Msis-Kondrashov: Data-Driven Modeling With Integral Projection Models, James Peirce
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Msis-Ledder: Introductory Undergraduate Research Projects Using Netlogo, Timothy Comar
Msis-Ledder: Introductory Undergraduate Research Projects Using Netlogo, Timothy Comar
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Mathematical Model Of Competing Nest Founding Strategies By Queen Harvester Ant Pogonomyremex Californicus, Tamantha Pizarro, Yun Kang
Mathematical Model Of Competing Nest Founding Strategies By Queen Harvester Ant Pogonomyremex Californicus, Tamantha Pizarro, Yun Kang
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Modeling The Population Demographics & Viability Of Imperiled Guzmania Monostachia Populations, Helen Pennington, Pranay Lingareddy, Erin N. Bodine
Modeling The Population Demographics & Viability Of Imperiled Guzmania Monostachia Populations, Helen Pennington, Pranay Lingareddy, Erin N. Bodine
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Guzmania monostachia is a large, long-lived bromeliad whose leaves grow in a rosette pattern and is native to the Americas, but endangered in Florida due to damage caused by the invasive weevil Metamasius callizona. Each G. monostachia rosette can reproduce sexually via flowers or asexually by producing clonal offshoot rosettes. We model the population dynamics and demographic structure of a G. monostachia population using a Lefkovitch matrix model where each state represents a demographic class of rosettes. Model analysis over a range of uncertain parameters show the conditions under which a G. monostachia population is viable in the absence …
A Statistical Analysis Of The Change In Age Distribution Of Spawning Hatchery Salmon, Rachel Macaulay, Emily Barrett, Grace Penunuri, Eli E. Goldwyn
A Statistical Analysis Of The Change In Age Distribution Of Spawning Hatchery Salmon, Rachel Macaulay, Emily Barrett, Grace Penunuri, Eli E. Goldwyn
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Declines in salmon sizes have been reported primarily as a result of younger maturation rates. This change in age distribution poses serious threats to salmon-dependent peoples and ecological systems. We perform a statistical analysis to examine the change in age structure of spawning Alaskan chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha using 30 years of hatchery data. To highlight the impacts of this change, we investigate the average number of fry/smolt that each age of spawning chum/Chinook salmon produce. Our findings demonstrate an increase in younger hatchery salmon populations returning to spawn, and fewer amounts of fry produced …
A Dynamical System Model Of Dengue Transmission For Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Gregory Schmidt, Benjamin Whipple, Vinodh Chellamuthu, Xiaoxia Xie
A Dynamical System Model Of Dengue Transmission For Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Gregory Schmidt, Benjamin Whipple, Vinodh Chellamuthu, Xiaoxia Xie
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
The dengue virus is a serious concern in many parts of the world, including Brazil. As data indicates, a prominent vector for dengue is the mosquito Aedes aegypti. By using the dengue incidence records from the Brazilian SINAN database, we estimate the population of A. aegypti within the city of Rio de Janeiro. Using historical climate data for Rio de Janeiro and the computed population estimates, we extend an existing model for the population dynamics of mosquitoes to incorporate precipitation in aquatic stages of development for A. aegypti.
An Integral Projection Modeling Approach To Understanding Demographic Effects Of Multispecies Mutualisms, Alexandra Campbell
An Integral Projection Modeling Approach To Understanding Demographic Effects Of Multispecies Mutualisms, Alexandra Campbell
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Modeling The Role Of Land Conversion On The Spread Of An Epizootic Disease, Dustin Padilla
Modeling The Role Of Land Conversion On The Spread Of An Epizootic Disease, Dustin Padilla
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Is Cleaning Up The Ocean Helpful Or Hurtful?, Megan O. Powell
Is Cleaning Up The Ocean Helpful Or Hurtful?, Megan O. Powell
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Covid-19 And Challenges To The Classical Theory Of Epidemics, Simon Levin
Covid-19 And Challenges To The Classical Theory Of Epidemics, Simon Levin
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Hepatitis B And D: A Forecast On Actions Needed To Reduce Incidence And Achieve Elimination, Scott Greenhalgh, Andrew Klug
Hepatitis B And D: A Forecast On Actions Needed To Reduce Incidence And Achieve Elimination, Scott Greenhalgh, Andrew Klug
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
Viral hepatitis negatively affects the health of millions, with the worst health outcomes associated with the hepatitis D virus (HDV). Fortunately, HDV is rare and requires prior infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) before it can establish infection and transmit. Here, we develop a mathematical model of HBV and HDV transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa to investigate the effects of hepatitis B vaccination on both HBV and HDV. Our findings illustrate a hepatitis B vaccination rate above 0.006 year-1 reduces hepatitis D by over 90%, and a vaccination rate above 0.0221 year-1 reduces hepatitis B by over 90%, …
Analysis Of Sir Epidemic Models With Sociological Phenomenon, Robert F. Allen, Katherine C. Heller, Matthew A. Pons
Analysis Of Sir Epidemic Models With Sociological Phenomenon, Robert F. Allen, Katherine C. Heller, Matthew A. Pons
Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics
We propose two SIR models which incorporate sociological behavior of groups of individuals. It is these differences in behaviors which impose different infection rates on the individual susceptible populations, rather than biological differences. We compute the basic reproduction number for each model, as well as analyze the sensitivity of R0 to changes in sociological parameter values.
Multi-Scale Threat Assessment Of Riverine Ecosystems In The Colorado River Basin, Lise Comte, Julian D. Olden, Stacy Lischka, Brett G. Dickson
Multi-Scale Threat Assessment Of Riverine Ecosystems In The Colorado River Basin, Lise Comte, Julian D. Olden, Stacy Lischka, Brett G. Dickson
Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences
Freshwater ecosystems are facing a deepening biodiversity crisis. Developing robust indicators to assess ecological integrity across large spatial scales and identifying the specific threats and pathways of impairment are thus critically needed if we are to inform freshwater conservation strategies. Here we present the first comprehensive threat assessment across the Colorado River Basin – one of the largest and most endangered river basins in North America – using a spatial framework accounting for the wide range of human activities (land uses, transportation infrastructure, exploitative activities, water withdrawals), pathways (local footprint, overland runoff, upstream cumulative effects), and spatial extent of influence …
Effect Of Human Behavior On The Evolution Of Viral Strains During An Epidemic, Asma Azizi
Effect Of Human Behavior On The Evolution Of Viral Strains During An Epidemic, Asma Azizi
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Allee Effects Plus Noise Induce Population Dynamics Resembling Binary Markov Highs And Lows, Luis F. Gordillo
Allee Effects Plus Noise Induce Population Dynamics Resembling Binary Markov Highs And Lows, Luis F. Gordillo
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Ecological Dynamics On Large Metapopulation Graphs, Daniel Cooney
Ecological Dynamics On Large Metapopulation Graphs, Daniel Cooney
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Hierarchy Establishment From Nonlinear Social Interactionsand Metabolic Costs: An Application To The Harpegnathos Saltator, Jordy Cevallos-Chavez, Carlos Bustamante Orellana, Yun Kang
Hierarchy Establishment From Nonlinear Social Interactionsand Metabolic Costs: An Application To The Harpegnathos Saltator, Jordy Cevallos-Chavez, Carlos Bustamante Orellana, Yun Kang
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Using Integral Projection Models To Study Silver Carp Management Practices, Cameron Coles
Using Integral Projection Models To Study Silver Carp Management Practices, Cameron Coles
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.