Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons^™

Bioarcheological Synthesis For "From The Gulf To The Rio Grande: Human Adaptation In Central, South, And Lower Pecos Texas", Karl Reinhard, Ben W. Olive, D. Gentry Steele

Karl Reinhard Publications

One of the main problems encountered in the review of the bioarcheology of Region 3 has been the limited number of sites where human skeletal material has been adequately recovered and analyzed. In the preceding chapter it was documented that less than 30% of the burials recovered from recorded sites have been reported in published literature. It was further estimated that of the 323 sites with burials, no more than 80 sites have published detailed bioarcheological reports on the burials recovered. Only 50 of these 80 reports provide individual descriptions of each burial which facilitate subsequent analyses and evaluation.

Four …

Postfire Vegetation Change Detection Using Landsat Mss And Tm Data, Mark Edward Jakubauskas

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three dates of Landsat digital data were classified and then analyzed using a geographic information system (GIS). The intent of this study was to determine if differences in burn severity relate to later vegetative cover within a northern pines forest. The May 5, 1980, Mack Lake Fire in the Huron National Forest, Michigan, was selected as the study site for this research. This wildfire burned over 9000 hectares of jack pine, red pine, and mixed deciduous forest within a six-hour period. Landsat MSS data from June 1973 and TM data from October 1982 were classified using an unsupervised approach to …

Spatial Memory In Pigeons On A Four-Arm Radial Maze, Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Pigeon spatial memory was examined using a four-arm radial maze. The maze had four arms, spaced at 90° intervals, extending radially from a central choice area. Subjects were forced into three arms, then permitted two choices to enter the remaining ann. Five subjects chose accurately (90% correct) with delays of 5 min or less, their choices depended on extramaze cues, and the food in the target arm provided no essential cues. After an incorrect first choice, subjects' second choices were more accurate than chance. These data suggest that, while spatial memory has many similar characteristics in rats and pigeons, pigeon …

An Inventory And Condition Survey Of Rangelands In The Ashburton River Catchment, Western Australia, A A. Mitchell, A L. Payne, W F. Holman

Technical Bulletins

The inventory and condition survey of rangelands in the Ashburton River catchment, undertaken by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA) between 1976 and 1978, describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the natural area’s resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The area surveyed …

Sport Fishing For Marron In Western Australia - Management For The Future : A Discussion Paper On Management Options For The Marron Fishery., Fisheries Department Of Western Australia.

Fisheries Management Papers

The number of marron that may be caught each year without seriously jeopardising the long term future of fishery is limited. The situation deteriorated still further after another winter of low rainfall in 1987 and as the 1987-88 summer drew closer it became doubtful whether the State's marron stocks could withstand another season of hard fishing pressure. Thus, it was considered necessary to ban all fishing for marron during the 1987-88 season. This discussion paper has been prepared to help start the ball rolling in the right direction, and ensure any measures taken to safeguard the fishery are backed up …

Fisheries Management Paper No. 22 - Economics And Marketing Of Western Australian Pilchards., Scp Fisheries Consultants Pty Ltd

Fisheries Management Papers

Most of the Western Australian pilchard catch comes from King George Sound and from the southern coast off Albany where the number of vessels allowed to catch has been controlled. Prospects for increasing production in this area are limited. However, there are indications that considerable quantities of pilchards could be caught in waters to the east and west of Albany, in the inshore declared purse seine development zone.

Before allowing fisherman to catch more pilchards in these waters, the Western Australian Government decided that an investigation should be undertaken of the Australian pilchard resources, the domestic and export market situation …

Entwicklung Und Stand Der Erforschung Der Gefäßpflanzenflora Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, I. A. Gubanov, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Zusammenfassung

Vorliegender Beitrag gibt einen überblick über die floristische Durchforschung der MVR.

Erste Kenntnisse über die Flora der Mongolei stammen aus dem 18. Jh. und der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jh. (MESSERSCHMIDT, BUNGE, MAXIMOVICZ). In der zweiten Hälfte und am Ende des 19. Jh. erbrachten vor allem die Expeditionen der Russischen Geographischen Gesellschaft umfangreiches botanisches Material (POTANIN, KOZLOV). Auch andere Forscher führten ausgedehnte Sammelreisen durcn (KLEMENZ, PALIBIN, SAPOZNIKOV). Nach der mongolischen Revolution von 1921 wurden von sowjetischer Seite bereits in den 20er Jahren Sammelreisen durchgeführt. 1925 wurde die Mongolische Kommission der Akademie der Wissenschaften der UdSSR geschaffen, die weitere Expeditionen …

Die Gemeinsame Botanische Expedition Des Instituts Für Biochemie Der Pflanzen In Halle Und Des Instituts Für Volksmedizin In Ulan-Bator Durch Die Mongolische Volksrepublik 1983, Siegfried Huneck, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Einleitung

Im Rahmen des Abkommens über wissenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR und des Ministeriums für Volksgesundheit der Mongolischen Volksrepublik (MVR) führten das Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen (IBP) in Halle/Saale und das Institut für Volksmedizin (IVM) in Ulan-Bator vom 15. Juni bis 17. August 1983 die zweite gemeinsame Expedition in die MVR durch. An dieser Expedition nahmen teil: Dr. habil. S. HUNECK (IBP, Leiter der Expedition), Dr. W. HILBIG (Mattin-Luther-Universität Halle, Wissenschaftsbereich Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Halle/Saale), Dr. T. KHAIDA V (Direktor des IVM) und Dr. U. COGT (Institut für Botanik der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Ulan-Bator). …

Verlauf Und Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse Der Expedition In Die Mongolische Volksrepublik 1978, Siegfried Huneck, Hans Dieter Knapp

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Einleitung

Auf Grund eines Abkommens über wissenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit der Akademie der Wissenschaftel'l der Mongolischen Volksrepublik und der Akademie der Wissenschaften der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik führten das Institut für Naturstoffe (IN) in Ulan-Bator und das Institut für Biochemie der Pflanzen (IBP) in Halle/Saale vom 13. Juni bis 29. Juli 1978 eine gemeinsame Expedition in die MVR durch. An dieser Expedition nahmen von Seiten der AdW der DDR Dr. habil. S. HUNECK (Leiter der Expedition), Dr. habil. H. RIPPERGER (beide IBP) und Dr. H. D. KNAPP (damals Müritz-Museum, Waren) und von Seiten der AdW Dr. BASANSUREN (IN) und zeitweilig Dr. U. COGT …

Mikroklima-Untersuchungen In Pflanzengesellschaften Verschiedener Höhenstufen In Hochgebirgen Der Nordwest- Und Südmongolei, Werner Hilbig, K. Helmecke, Z. Schamsran, D. Bumzaa

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Im Rahmen der Mongolisch-Deutschen Biologischen Expeditionen wurden erste Mikroklimauntersuchungen im Jahre 1973 in ausgewählten Pflanzengesellschaften der Wüste und Halbwüste im $üdgobi-Aimak durchgeführt (HELMECKE u. SCHAMSRAN 1979). Auch von sowjetisfber (BERESNEVA 1974, 1981) und von polnischer Seite (vgl. KLIMEK 1980) liegen mikroklimatologische Untersuchungen für verschiedene Gebiete der MVR vor. Von den Gebirgen der MVR wurde besonders der Südteil des Changai berücksichtigt. Hier wurden Mikroklimamessungen in verschiedenen Höhenstufen durchgeführtl (BRZEZNIAK u. NIEDZWIEDZ 1980). Die von Biologen der Universitäten Halle-Wittenberg und Ulan-Bator von 1977 bis 1979 durchgeführten Untersuchungen in Hochebirgen der MVR (Charchiraa, Uvs Aimak; Ich-Bogd, Bajanchongor Aimak) schlosseh neben den floristisch-vegetationskundlichen und …

Title Page, Verso Of The Title Page, And Table Of Contents For Erforschung Biologischer Ressourcen Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, Band 7 (1988), Michael Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Title page, verso of the title page, and table of contents for Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, Band 7 (1988)

Bibliographie Pflanzen Soziologischer Arbeiten Über Die Mongolische Volksrepublik. Folge 2, Werner Hilbig

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Zusammenfassung

Der vorliegende Teil 2 einer Bibliographie pflanzensoziologischer und vegetationsökologischer Arbeiten über das Gebiet der Mongolischen Volksrepublik (MVR) enthält im wesentlichen Arbeiten aus den Jahren 1980-1985. Es werden 201 Arbeiten zitiert.

Summary

The second part of the bibliography of geobotanical and synecological publications about the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic contains publications mainly from 1980 till 1985. 201 papers are quoted.

Wolf Distribution And Road Density In Minnesota, L. David Mech, Steven H. Fritts, Glenn L. Radde, William J. Paul

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Distribution of the wolf (Canis lupus) in parts of Wisconsin (Thiel 1985) and Michigan and Ontario (Jensen et al. 1986) has been related to the density of roads passable by 2-wheel-drive vehicles. Wolves in those regions generally do not occur where road densities exceed 0.58 km/km², whereas similar areas nearby with fewer roads do contain wolves.

In a small segment of the wolf range in Minnesota, wolves did not have territories where roads exceeded a density of 0.73 km/km² (T. K. Fuller, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, unpublished data). In another small area of Minnesota …

Front Matter, Elephant Editors

Elephant

No abstract provided.

Mineral-Deficient Diets And The Pig’S Attraction To Blood: Implications For Tail-Biting, David Fraser

Abnormal Behavior Collection

In two experiments, individually penned growing pigs were exposed daily to two "tail models” (lengths of cotton cord about the size of a pig's tail), one of which had been impregnated with pigs' blood. When fed a balanced "control" diet, the pigs chewed significantly more on the blood-covered model than on the plain one, but with Iarge individual differences between animals. Four weeks of receiving a diet lacking all mineral supplements (iodized salt, dicalcium phosphate, limestone, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and selenium) caused a pronounced increase in chewing the blood-covered model, and 4 wk of recovery on the control diet …

Classifying Oregon Lake-Watershed Ecosystems For Regional Water Resources Assessment, Randall Alan Jones

Dissertations and Theses

Natural lake-watershed ecosystems in Oregon compose a diverse and valuable assemblage of land and water resources. With an increasing demand on lakes for recreation, water supplies, and aesthetic values and an increase in available data on Oregon lake systems, there is a need for applicable and timely scientific water management information about lake conditions statewide. This thesis is an attempt to summarize some of the data collected on natural Oregon lake-watershed ecosystems.

The purpose of the thesis is to identify the most typical natural systems out of an initial data base of twenty-four variables, measured over ninety-eight lake-watershed ecosystems. The …

Attraction To Blood As A Factor In Tail-Biting By Pigs, David Fraser

Abnormal Behavior Collection

Canvas models, about the size of a pig's tail, were impregnated with pigs' blood or left plain, and were presented to pigs for 12 days in a 2-choice preference test. The pigs showed large, consistent, individual differences in response: some pigs chewed the models continuously while others chewed only slightly; some chewed much more on the blood-covered model, while others showed no preference. On average, the pigs chewed considerably more on the blood-covered model than on the plain one. In a second experiment, pigs presented with a choice test involving a blood-covered and a plain model showed a significant increase …

Western Rock Lobster Industry Compensation Study. Report To The Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee By Arthur Young Services., Arthur Young Services

Fisheries Management Papers

Terms of reference are outlined in letter dated 11 August 1986. The Fisheries Department seeks to reduce western rock lobster fishing capacity to ensure the long-term viability of the fishery and has asked us to evaluate the financial implications of a number of specific resource management proposals.

Report Of The Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee Meeting Of 27 January 1987 - Report By The Chairman Mr. B.K. Bowen., B. K. Bowen

Fisheries Management Papers

The Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee met in Perth on Tuesday 17 January 1987. Committee discussed the following: Policy on 5% pot loss on replacement of vessels less than six years old. Study of industry funded compensation mechanism for fishing capacity reductions. 20 Fathom rule. Future maintenance of the zone E boundary. The recreational Rock Lobster Fishery. Rock Lobster pot distribution. Options for a 10 per cent reduction in fishing effort. 1987 coastal tour. Augusta-Windy Harbour Rock Lobster Working Group. Report on the 1986/87 season.

An Inventory And Condition Survey Of Rangelands In The Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia, A L. Payne, G F. Spencer, P J. Curry

Technical Bulletins

The inventory and condition survey of rangelands in the Carnarvon Basin, undertaken by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA) between 1980 and 1982, describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the natural area’s resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The area surveyed covers …

Helminth Remains From Prehistoric Indian Coprolites On The Colorado Plateau, Karl J. Reinhard, Richard H. Hevly, Glenn A. Anderson

Karl Reinhard Publications

Examination of coprolites excavated from archaeological sites in the Americas demonstrates excellent preservation of helminth eggs and, in some cases, larvae. To gain an understanding of helminth parasitism in prehistory on the Colorado Plateau of Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah, 319 coprolites from 5 archaeological sites were analyzed. Helminth eggs and larvae were recovered after the coprolites were rehydrated, screened, and sedimented. At a sixth site, soils excavated from 5 rooms used as latrine areas were processed with palynological techniques. The results indicate that all but 1 of the prehistoric populations examined were infected with intestinal worms. The helminths implicated …

Helminth Parasites Of Coprolites, Scott Lyell Gardner, Karen H. Clary

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Parasites from Bighorn Sheep Cave coprolites were examined for the presence of parasites using standard methods. Both Toxascaris and Enterobius were identified from coprolites recovered from the cave. Both human and non-human coprolites were identified.

Management Measures For The Cockburn Sound Mussel Fishery., H. G. Brayford

Fisheries Management Papers

The Cockburn Sound professional fishery has seen a rapid increase in fishing effort in recent years. In response to this Cockburn Sound has been declared to be a restricted area for commercial fishing pending the introduction of long term management measures. Interim endorsements have therefore been issued for commercial fishing within Cockburn Sound.

The King George Sound Purse Seine Fishery Working Group Report By The Chairman Mr. R. S. Brown To The Minister For Fisheries., R. S. Brown

Fisheries Management Papers

The King George Sound Purse Seine Fishery Working Group was formed to investigate the purse seine (mainly mulie) fishery in King George Sound and advise the Minister for Fisheries on options for future management. The fishery in King George Sound is unlike most fisheries because the fish stock (pilchards) which is exploited is part of a very extensive stock located right around the south and north west coast of Western Australia. Only relatively small portion of the total stock of pilchard enter King George Sound and comes under the very high exploitation there. The Working Group has proposed to the …

Mortality Of White-Tailed Deer In Northeastern Minnesota, Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Abstract: Two hundred nine white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were radiotracked in the central Superior National Forest, Minnesota, from 1973 through winter 1983-84; 85 deaths were recorded. Annual survival was 0.31 for fawns (<1.0 years old), 0.80 for yearling (1.0-2.0 years old) females, 0.41 for yearling males, 0.79 for adult (≥2.0 years old) females, and 0.47 for adult males. Monthly survival rates were high from May through December (0.94-1.00), except for yearling (0.60) and adult (0.69) bucks during the November hunting season. Most mortality occurred from January through April when gray wolf (Canis lupus) predation was an important mortality source for all cohorts. Yearlings males were most vulnerable to hunting and adult males to wolf predation.

Relationship Between Snow Depth And Gray Wolf Predation On White-Tailed Deer, Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Abstract: Survival of 203 yearling and adult white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was monitored for 23,441 deer days from January through April 1975-85 in northeastern Minnesota. Gray wolf (Canis lupus)predation was the primary mortality cause, and from year to year during this period, the mean predation rate ranged from 0.00 to 0.29. The sum of weekly snow depths/month explained 51% of the variation in annual wolf predation rate, with the highest predation during the deepest snow.

Variations In Radial Maze Performance Under Different Levels Of Food And Water Deprivation, Robert H.I. Dale, William A. Roberts

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Four groups of rats were tested on an eight-arm radial maze under a free-choice procedure. The subjects were maintained at either 80% or 100% of their preexperimental free-feeding weights through restricted access to either food or water. Water-deprived subjects received water in the maze; food-deprived subjects received food. Water-deprived subjects learned the task faster than food-deprived subjects. The four groups developed different response patterns. These were measured by the mean transition size, the average angular distance (in 45° units) between consecutively chosen arms. Rats foraging for food and water developed different search strategies, with water-deprived subjects exhibiting lower mean transition …

The Case For Hunting On National Wildlife Refuges, Harvey K. Nelson

Hunting Collection

Public land management agencies are faced with greater challenges today than ever before in responding to the recreational needs of society. As Will Rogers so aptly stated, "Land, they make so little of it nowadays" (Steinhart 1986). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) also must face these challenges in management of national wildlife refuges (NWRs). There is a growing demand by the American people to utilize and enjoy NWRs in a variety of ways. Managers are faced with the dilemma of determining how much and what kind of management and utilization of natural resources is appropriate without compromising the …

The Case For Hunting, William L. Robinson

Hunting Collection

My purpose at this symposium is to present the case for hunting. I am a wildlife ecologist by training and profession, and I am also a hunter. As a hunter, I am sensitive to criticisms of this pursuit, as any hunter should be. Some people question how, with knowledge of the nature and functioning of ecological systems, I can go out with a gun and kill grouse, ducks, and deer. I respond that, indeed, my understanding of ecology and the nature of man enhances my enjoyment of hunting.

Effects Of Early Experience Upon Adaptiveness Of Horses, J. C. Heird, R. W. Bell, S. G. Brazier

Equines Collection

Experimentation with laboratory animals, encompassing the range of usual species (mice, rats, cats, clogs, and primates), has conclusively demonstrated that handling by humans during early life facilitates subsequent development in terms of health and viability, reduced emotional reactivity, more adaptive responses to a variety of stressors (both biological and behavioral adaptations), and increased ability to adapt to changing circumstances as exemplified by increased ability to learn and solve problems (seeM. Bornstein 1985, for recent review).

Two studies (described below) (Heircl et a!. 1981; Whitaker 1982) conducted at Texas Tech University (TTU) have extended these findings regarding the beneficial effects of …