Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons^™

Contribution Of Zooplankton Lipids To The Flux Of Organic Matter In The Northern Adriatic Sea, Mirjana Najdek, Staša Puškarić, Alexander B. Bochdansky

OES Faculty Publications

Analyses of particulate material collected by sediment traps moored at a location in the northern Adriatic Sea in 1991 revealed the presence of zooplankton fatty acids, even though zooplankton and other 'swimmers' killed by the trap's preservative were carefully removed. Laboratory experiments were conducted to (1) prove the existence of zooplankton lipids within fecal pellets, (2) exclude the possibility of incomplete separation of swimmers and other material as eventual contamination with polyunsaturated fatty acids in fecal pellets, (3) evaluate the importance of zooplankton lipids to mass flux and (4) reveal the mechanisms which lead to excretion of undigested organic matter, …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25. No. 4. December 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

FACTORS INFLUENCING DEER/VEHICLE MORTALITY IN EAST CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. S. Gleason and J. A. Jenks

PRONGHORN SKULL FOUND ALONG EDGE OF HISTORIC EASTERN DISTRIBUTION IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ W. F. Jensen and R. W. Seabloom

SOREX MERRIAMI IN NEBRASKA ▪ P. W. Freeman, J. D. Druecker, and S. Tvrz

ARE DEER MICE A COMMON PREY OF COYOTES? ▪ G. A. Kaufman, D. E. Brillhart, and D. W. Kaufman

EFFECT OF PRAIRIE-FIRE ASH ON FOOD CHOICE BY DEER MICE AND HISPID COTTON RATS …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25, No. 3 September 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

AVAILABILITY OF EARTHWORMS AND SCARAB BEETLES TO SANDHILL CRANES IN NATIVE GRASSLANDS ALONG THE PLATTE RIVER ▪ C. A. Davis and P. A. Vohs

BLACK TERN COLONIZATION OF A RESTORED PRAIRIE WETLAND IN NORTHWESTERN MINNESOTA ▪ D. J. Delehanty and W. D. Svedarsky

MOUNTAIN PLOVER HABITAT SELECTION IN THE POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING ▪ T. L. Parrish, S. R. Anderson, and W. F. Oelklaus

POST-HATCH BROOD AMALGAMATION IN LESSER SCAUP: FEMALE BEHAVIOR AND RETURN RATES AND DUCKLING SURVIVAL ▪ A. D. Afton

STATUS AND …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25. No. 2. June 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

RAPID GROWTH OF CHANNEL CATFISH IN FLAMING GORGE RESERVOIR, WYOMING ▪ C. B. Alexander and W. A. Hubert

MANAGEMENT EVALUATION OF BODY CONDITION AND POPULATION SIZE STRUCTURE FOR PADDLEFISH: A UNIQUE CASE ▪ M L. Brown and B. R. Murphy

DISTRIBUTION OF THE RIBBON LEECH IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ C. M. Pennuto and M. G. Butler

SELENIUM IN EARED GREBE EMBRYOS FROM STEWART LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ M. M. Olson and D. Welsh

USING GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION TO PREDICT BREEDING LOCALES OF …

Fisheries Research Report No.100 - The Impact Of Trawling For Saucer Scallops And Western King Prawns On The Benthic Communities In Coastal Waters Off South-Western Australia, L. J.B. Laurenson, P. Unsworth, J. W. Penn, R. C.J. Lenanton

Fisheries Research Reports

A two year study was undertaken to collect data for the assessment of the impact of the saucer scallop and western king prawn trawl fisheries on the benthic communities in coastal waters off south western Australia, between 31°20'5 and 34°23'5 latitude.

Monitoring of reported commercial landings, on-board sampling of commercial catches, research vessel trawl surveys, experimental and exploratory trawling, and underwater television observations, have enabled the development of an extensive data-base on the fishery and benthic communities of the region.

These data indicate that the existing fishery operates on a number of relatively small, discrete grounds where saucer scallops or …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 25. No. 1. March 1993

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

FACTORS AFFECTING BIRD COLONIZATION OF RESTORED WETLANDS ▪ L. M. Hemesath and J. J. Dinsmore

RESPONSE OF DABBLING DUCKS TO EARLY-SPRING PARTIAL DRAWDOWN ON LAKE ERIE MARSHES ▪ T. Z. Riley and T. A. Bookhout

OVER-WATER NESTING BY DUCKS IN NORTHEASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ . K. L. Solberg and K. F. Higgins

ADDITIONAL MOUNTAIN PLOVER SIGHTINGS IN MONTANA ▪ D. M. Prellwitz

SMALL MAMMALS OF WOODED HABITATS OF THE KONZA PRAIRIE RESEARCH NATURAL AREA, KANSAS ▪ D. W. Kaufman, G. A. Kaufman, and E. …

Geological Field Guide To The Cedar Point Biological Station, Keith County, Nebraska, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., Roger K. Pabian

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

This field guide was produced by staff members of the Conservation and Survey Division of the University of Nebraska originally in 1979 at the request of Dr. Brent Nickol, former Director of the Cedar Point Biological Station. It is an introduction to the geologic history and paleoecology of the Cedar Point area intended for students, staff, and other persons using the camp. This revision has been made some 15 years after the first version to reflect changes in ideas resulting from new data collected during that time.

Users of this guide should take care when studying the rock exposures described …

Nebraska Butterflies, Stephen M. Spomer

University of Nebraska State Museum: Staff and Affiliates, Publications

Nebraska is a crossroads of butterfly diversity. Many species reach their distributional limits in Nebraska. The 100th meridian, which runs through central Nebraska, appears to be a good distributional limit for many species. In short, eastern Nebraska contains butterflies similar or identical to those found in most of the eastern United States, central Nebraska has both eastern and western butterflies, and western Nebraska has a butterfly fauna more like the Rocky Mountains or Black Hills. Over 200 species of butterflies have been recorded in Nebraska, which is a higher number than most of our neighboring states. Some of our butterflies …

Phytoplankton Relationships To Water Quality In Lake Drummond And Two Drainage Ditches, Christine G. Phillips, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A twelve-month phytoplankton study was conducted in Lake Drummond and Washington and Jericho Ditches from December 1988 to November 1989. Four dominant phytoplankton groups were identified at these sites. These were the Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Cryptophyceae and an autotrophic picoplankton component. Over the past 20 years there has been a decrease in the mean pH levels of Lake Drummond and the replacement of one its former major components, the Chlorophyceae, by the Cyanophyceae. Based on water quality analysis results and species diversity indices, Lake Drummond is classified as in an early eutrophic stage of development.

Microzooplankton In The Lower Chesapeake Bay, And The Tidal Elizabeth, James, And York Rivers, Gyung-Soo Park, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Results of a one year study in the lower Chesapeake Bay and three tidal rivers indicate an abundant microzooplankton population, with a mean concentration of 4,231.1/Liter. The most abundant components are the non-loricate ciliates (2,518.2L, 59.5% of the annual total) and tintinnids (1,400.1/L 33.1%). In lesser abundance were the rotifers (191.4/L) and nauplii larvae (121.7/L). Seasonal abundance maxima were highest in summer, followed by fall, spring and winter.

Ecology Of The State Endangered Yellow Mud Turtle, Kinosternon Flavescens In Henry Co., Illinois, Michael W. Tuma

Masters Theses

Illinois populations of the state endangered yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens) persist in scattered locations on sand prairies. The largest population occurs on a remnant sand prairie of the former Green River Marsh in Henry Co. A study was conducted during 1992 to determine important criteria for preserve design. These criteria included extent of turtle movements within the site and habitat use. Turtles were captured by aquatic hoop traps, drift fence, and by hand from May 11 to August 31. A total of 16 adults, four juveniles, and eight hatchlings were captured. Population size was estimated at 44.80 adults using …

Changes In The Sea-Ice Brine Community During The Spring-Summer Transition, Mcmurdo Sound, Antarctica .2. Phagotrophic Protists, Diane K. Stoecker, Kurt R. Buck, Mary Putt

OES Faculty Publications

The land-fast sea-ice brine contains a diverse phagotrophic protist assemblage consisting of < 5 mum heterotrophic flagellates, Cryothecomonas spp., heterotrophic dinoflagellates, and heterotrophic and mixotrophic ciliates. Fine-scale horizontal spatial variability is a feature of this assemblage; samples taken within 1 m of each other can be dominated by different heterotrophic protists. Many of the larger heterotrophic protists found in the brine are also found in the water column. The photosynthetic ciliate Mesodinium rubrum is also common. In mid to late austral spring, the heterotrophic assemblage accounts for ca 10% of the total protist biomass in the brine and is dominated by Cryothecomonas spp. This flagellate …

Benthic Microalgal Production At Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts Bay, Usa, Lawrence B. Cahoon, Guy R. Beretich Jr., Carrie J. Thomas, Amy M. Mcdonald

OES Faculty Publications

Benthic microalgal chlorophyll a and production were measured at 3 sites at Stellwagen Bank, a cold temperate continental shelf habitat in Massachusetts Bay, USA, during August 1991. Benthic microalgal chlorophyll a averaged 39.8 Mg M^-2, vs average integrated phytoplankton chlorophyll a of 25.9 mg m^-2. Gross benthic microalgal production, measured by oxygen exchange in clear and opaque benthic chambers, averaged 20.9 mg C m^-2 h^-1. This production was supported by average daily light fluxes to the bottom that never exceeded 1 % of surface incident radiation and were as low as 4.7 μE …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 24, No.4 December 1992

The Prairie Naturalist

NEW VASCULAR PLANT RECORDS FOR NORTIl DAKOTA ▪ B. L. Heidel, A. J. Duxbury, W.T. Barker, and J. R. Challey

GROWTH OF BLUEGILLS AND YELLOW PERCH IN SOUTH DAKOTA WATERS ▪ D.w. Willis, J.P. Lott, C.S. Guy, and D.O. Lucchesi

SEASONAL VARIATION IN SAMPLING DATA FOR WALLEYE AND SAUGER COLLECTED WITH GILL NETS FROM LAKE SAKAKAWEA, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ S.W. Mero andD.W. Willis

OBSERVATIONS ON NESTING OF THE AMERICAN BITTERN IN NORTIlWEST MINNESOTA ▪ W D. Svedarsky

FOOD HABITS OF MOURNING DOVES IN EAST CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J.T. Van't Hul and J.A. Jenks

DISTRIBUTION OF TIlE PYGMY SHREW IN …

Southern Nevada Effluent Wetlands: A Proposed Cooperative Venture Between The Bureau Of Reclamation & City Of Las Vegas, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Throughout North America there is a growing interest in constructed wetlands, both as relatively inexpensive, low-maintenance systems for removing nutrients from wastewater, and as a means of using municipal wastewater to enhance wildlife habitat and create public use opportunities. Because wetlands appear to have good potential as a component in the overall management of scarce water resources, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has undertaken several cooperative research and demonstration projects to evaluate their effectiveness in a variety of local environments. While a number of projects have demonstrated that wetlands can be beneficially employed to improve water quality, few such projects …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 24, No.3 September 1992

The Prairie Naturalist

VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE IN BLOWOUT PENSTEMON ▪ T. R. Flessner and J. Stubbendieck

STATUS OF HAPLOPAPPUS FREMONTII A. GRAY SSP. MONOCEPHALUS (A. NELSON) HALL [ASTERACEAE] IN COLORADO ▪ K.A. Schulz and R.B. Shaw

HABITAT CHANGES ABOVE AND BELOW WATER PROJECTS ON THE NORTH PLATTE AND SOUTH PLATTE RIVERS IN NEBRASKA ▪ P. M. McDonald and J.G. Sidle

INSECT FLORAL VISITORS TO FOUR SPECIES OF TALL-GRASS PRAIRIE COMPOSITE (ASTERACEAE: HELIANTHEAE) ▪ J. A. Dickinson and M. J. McKone

SUMMER BIRD USE OF KANSAS WINDBREAKS ▪ T.T. Cable, R.L. Schroeder, V. Brack, Jr., and P.S. Cook

RING-NECKED PHEASANTS AND FOOD PLOT SIZE (GALLIFORMES: …

Mat Movement In Coastal Louisiana Marshes: Effect Of Salinity And Inundation On Vegetation And Nutrient Levels, Christopher Martin Swarzenski

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The present research compared and contrasted the physical structure of floating and rooted marshes, their differing responses to open-water salinities and inundation, as well as the nutrient distribution in the porewaters and sediment. The effects of the physical differences in the two marsh types on the ocurrence of the dominant emergent vegetation was discussed.

The main difference in physical structure of the two marsh types was the presence of a mineral, non-buoyant layer at 25-45 cm depth in the rooted marsh, which could serve as an anchor for the overlying highly organic mat layer found in both marsh types. Porewater …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 24. No.2 June 1992

The Prairie Naturalist

FIRST FLOWERING DATES AND FLOWERING PERIODS OF PRAIRIE PLANTS AT WOODWORTH. NORTH DAKOTA ▪ J. M. Callow, J A. Kanlrud, and K.F. Higgins

PROBABLE DISTRIBUTION OF THE WOODCHUCK IN NORTH CENTRAL KANSAS ▪ J.R. Choate and T. W. Haner

NEST AND NEST SITE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME GROUND-NESTING NON-PASSERINE BIRDS OF NORTHERN GRASSLANDS ▪ H A. Kantrud and K.F. Higgins

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R.N. Randall

COMPARISON OF SIZE STRUCfURE AND CATCH RATE FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS SAMPLES COLLECTED BY ELECTROFlSHING AND ANGLING ▪ DJ. Isaak, T.D. Hill, and D.W. Willis

MULE DEER HABITAT USE IN THE NORTH DAKOTA …

Dynamic Multi-Species Animal Habitat Modeling With Forest Succession Models, Stephen A. Compton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research determines and demonstrates the ability to simulate dynamic multi-species animal habitat suitability with forest succession models. A literature review of dynamic animal habitat models is presented. The structure of an existing forest simulation model (MASS10) was modified from a basal area-based model to a volume-based model (DYNAM10). The forest model was calibrated using data from permanent-plot growth and vegetation samples collected by USDA Forest Service Forest Survey procedures. The theoretical growth parameters used to simulate stand development were validated. Predictions of DBH and height growth, as well as stand-level behavior, were verified. A subroutine, VEGDYN, was added to …

Effects Of Polyacrylamide On Rangeland Soils And Plants, Saud Leily R. Al-Rowaily

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of two forms of polyacrylamide (PAM) conditioners (Cross-linked and Non-cross-linked PAM) on evaporation, saturated hydraulic conductivity, water retention, crust and crack formation of soils, seed germination, and seedling and tubeling growth.

The two PAM conditioners, 0.2% concentration by weight, were mixed with seven soils of different textures (sandy loam, silt, silty clay loam, silt loam, fine sand, medium sand, and coarse sand) to investigate the effects on evaporation, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water retention. Soil samples of different textures were brought to field capacity and placed in a growth chamber …

Factors Affecting The Kinetics Of Light Intensity Adaptation In Marine Phytoplankton, Chunzhi Guo

OES Theses and Dissertations

It has been suggested that the recent light history of phytoplankton and the kinetics of photoadaptation can be used to provide information about the vertical mixing processes in the upper mixed layer. To be useful as a parameter in a model of photoadaptation and vertical mixing, the response of a photoadaptive variable to changes in growth irradiance must be monotonic, significant, and comparable in time rate scale to mixing processes. Previous studies of photoadaptation kinetics have focused on the response of phytoplankton to changes in light intensity under continuous illumination. This dissertation attempts to elucidate the effects of light:dark cycle, …

Survey Of Mollusks Of The Platte River: Final Report, Patricia W. Freeman, Keith Perkins

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

A survey of the mollusks of the Platte River was carried out during the summers of 1990 and 1991. With the exception of the Big Bend Reach of the River in Dawson, Buffalo and Hall counties, no unionids (mussels) were found in the main channel of the river. We found 11 species of mussels along the river and 16 species of snails at 49 different sites from east to west across the state. We found the Asiatic clam, a known, non-native, pest species, for the first time in the state placing it several hundred miles west of the present eastern …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 24, No.1 March 1992

The Prairie Naturalist

HABITAT CONSERVATION FOR NESTING LEAST TERNS AND PIPING PLOVERS ON THE PLATTE RIVER, NEBRASKA ▪ J. W. Ziewitz, J. G. Sidle, and J. J. Dinan

DIURNAL FLIGHT TIME OF WINTERING CANADA GEESE: CONSIDERATION OF REFUGES AND FLIGHT ENERGETICS ▪ J. E. Austin and D. D. Humburg

MYCOTOXIN OCCURRENCE IN WASTE FIELD CORN AND INGESTA OF WILD GEESE IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS ▪ K. F. Higgins, R. M. Barta, R. G. Neiger, G. E. Rottinghaus, and R. I. Sterry

NOTES

Cost of Nest Reuse by Western Kingbirds ▪ T. M. Bergin

A New Record for Falcate Spurge in the Midwest …

Fire In A Riparian Shrub Community: Postburn Water Relations In The Tamarix-Salix Association Along The Lower Colorado River, S. D. Smith, D. E. Busch

Life Sciences Faculty Research

Higher water potentials in recovering burned salt-cedar (Tamarix ramosissima) relative to unburned plants and the opposite situation in willow (Salix gooddingii) provide evidence that postfire water stress is reduced in the former but not the latter. Similarly, diurnal patterns of stomatal conductance in these taxa are consistent with the existence of more vigor in burned salt-cedar than willow. Plots of water potential and transpiration demonstrate that hydraulic efficiencies may contribute to differences in fire recovery.

Phytoplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Phytoplankton samples were collected quarterly from 1981-1990 at five stations representing discharge water from Arkansas Nuclear One, a nuclear generating station, and four "control" or "dispersal evaluation" stations. Seventy-five taxa representing five divisions were identified and enumerated. Community structure was evaluated using abundances, number of taxa, and Margalef's Richness, Shannon's Heterogeneity and Pielou's Evenness indices. No long-term trends were identified, but the beginning of cyclic variations, with a 7-year periodicity, in abundance, number of taxa, and Shannon's and Pielou's indices were apparent. Margalef's index values were constant during most of the study period. For all samples, t-tests and Mann-Whitney U …

The Effects Of Beaver-Created Wetlands On Surface Water Quality Of Streams And Rivers In Dupage County, Illinois, Brian Conklin

Masters Theses

Dam construction by beavers creates wetlands which have the potential to improve water quality, especially in areas near urban centers. However, beaver dams may also cause flooding problems which can result in the removal of the beaver(s) and the destruction of their dam. A further understanding of how beaver-created wetlands affect water quality will provide additional data which can be utilized in beaver management decisions.

In this study, 41 chemical parameters were examined from water taken above and below beaver-created wetlands that existed in DuPage County, Illinois between May and September 1991. This study was designed to examine the effects …

Zooplankton Community Abundance And Diversity In Dardanelle Reservoir, Arkansas, 1981-1990, John D. Rickett, Robert L. Watson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Zooplankton samples were collected quarterly from five stations representing the discharge bay and four "control" or "dispersing impact" stations. Rotifers dominated all samples numerically and by the number of taxa. All major groups (Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda, and Protozoa) exhibited greatest abundances during the summer. Quarterly variations in abundance and number of taxa were documented. Except for an increase in taxonomic analysis detail between 1981 and 1984 resulting in several more taxa added to the list, no long-term increases, declines or repeating cycles were apparent. Margalef's Richness Index reflected this change and showed a long-term increase with evidence of a 5- …

Seasonal Phytoplankton Development Within Three Rivers In The Lower Chesapeake Bay Region, Harold G. Marshall, Lewis F. Affronti

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The seasonal and inter-annual concentrations of phytoplankton were studied over a 50 month period in the lower James, York and Rappahannock Rivers (USA). Differences in the onset, duration and magnitude of major seasonal growth periods varied from year to year. There was a tendency for spring, summer and fall maxima, with a winter period of reduced abundance. An additional study of picoplankton over a 12 month period indicated greatest abundance during summer and fall, with least development in winter.

Remote Estimation Of The Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient In A Moderately Turbid Estuary, Richard P. Stumpf, Jonathan Pennock

School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering

Abstract

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 23, No. 4. December 1991

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS RESPONSE TO BURNING: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FIRE AND SOIL MOISTURE ▪ G. W. Blankespoor and B. S. Bich

FORAGE PRODUCTION AND USE ON BIGHORN SHEEP WINTER RANGE

FOLLOWING SPRING BURNING IN GRASSLAND AND PONDEROSA PINE HABITATS ▪ T. G. Easterly and K. J. Jenkins

SHORT-TERM MORTALITY OF SMALLMOUTH BASS CAUGHT DURING A LIVE-RELEASE TOURNAMENT AT LAKE OAHE, SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ J. J. Jackson and D. W. Willis

CRAYFISH IN SAND LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE ▪ C. D. Dieter

PIPING PLOVERS NEST ON DRY …