Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons^™

Influence Of Logging On Douglas Fir Beetle Populations, R R. Lejeune, L H. Mcmullen, M D. Atkins

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

All species of bark beetles of economic importance prefer to attack freshly-killed host material. Logging slash, wind-throw, and fire-killed timber provide ideal breeding grounds for bark beetles. A few species, mostly in the Dendroctonus group, are able to kill living trees. When beetles in the group, raised in preferred host material, cannot find any or enough freshly-killed trees, logs, or slash to enter, they may attack living trees. In the interior of British Columbia, infestations of the Douglas fir beetle can often be traced to logging disturbance.

Some Aspects Of Regeneration Silviculture In Spruce-Aspen Stands In Alberta, L. A. Smithers

Aspen Bibliography

Surveys of spruce-aspen stands in Northern Alberta have shown that natural regeneration of white spruce is generally a failure on areas which have been logged but not burned (Candy 1951).

Growth Of Alberta White Spruce After Release From Aspen Competition, L. A. Smithers, G Ontkean

Aspen Bibliography

At the present time spruce sawtimber is the most important single commodity produced from the forests of Alberta.

The Effects Of Woodpeckers On Populations Of The Engelmann Spruce Beetle, F B. Knight

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

Woodpeckers have been recognized for many years as a major factor in the natural reduction of Engelmann spruce beetle populations. A means of assessing their value has been developed. Five classifications of woodpecker feeding based on woodpecker work on 225 trees were studies. An analysis of populations measurements showed a correlation between beetle survival and the woodpecker classification and the intensity of infestation in each tree. A heavy woodpecker classification resulted n very little survival at all intensities of infestation. Survival increased both with an increase in intensity of infestation and a lower woodpecker classification. The average reduction in populations …

Aspen Leaf Blight In The Intermountain Region, James L. Mielke

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

The Growth And Yield Of Aspen In Saskatchewan, C. L. Kirby, W. S. Bailey, J. G. Gilmour

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Field Guide To Aid In Recognition Of Natural Triploid Aspen, Philip N. Joranson, Dean W. Einspahr, J P. Van Buijtenen

Aspen Bibliography

Swedish experience with the genetic improvement of the European aspen (Populus tremula L.), a species which is closely kin to our North American quaking aspen (P. tremuloides Michx.), suggests that the rate of volume increment and the length of fiber tracheids might both be increased in North American aspen by finding or producing trees which possess a triple set, rather than the usual double set, of "chromosomes". Chromosomes (Figure 1) are found within and inner region--the nucleus--of each of the millions of cells formed during the growth of a tree.

Moss: Flora Of Maine, Robert N. Miller

Maine Collection

Moss: Flora of Maine

by Robert N. Miller

Gorham State Teachers College, Gorham, Maine, 1951.

Contents: What Are Mosses? / Moss Groups / Suggestions for Collecting, Mounting and Preservation of Moss Specimens / Over-All Pictures of the Capsules and Setae / Types of Leaves / Glossary / Outline Key to Some Maine Mosses

Forest Fires In The Northern Rocky Mountains, J S. Barrows

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

This is a report on an analysis of 36,000 forest fires in the northern Rocky Mountains. The analysis was made to gain a better understanding of the occurrence, behavior, control, and effects of fires, and in turn to obtain essential information required for improved planning and management of fire protection systems. The results present answers to these questions: 1) What is the magnitude of the regional fire problem? 2) What are the basic features of fire behavior under various topographic, fuel, and weather conditions? 3) What have been the results of organized fire control programs including fire prevention, detection, communication, …

Early Release From Aspen Improves Yield Of Pine Plantations, E.I. Roe

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Aspen Management Problems Of The Lake States, Z.A. Zasada

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

How To Control Undesirable Trees And Shrubs, Maurice W. Day

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Rate Of Deterioration Of Beetle-Killed Engelmann Spruce, James L. Mielke

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

Examination of beetle-killed stands in Utah and Colorado indicate that dead Engelmann Spruce will remain standing and sound for at least 20 years.

Aspen Defiberization And Refining Of Product, Robert Craig Jr.

Aspen Bibliography

Because of the great demand for wood fiber and because there is an abundance of aspen available¹/ for this purpose, its conversion into a usable fiberized material offers possibilities. It also affords an outlet for low-quality bolts developed in any aspen logging operation or from land of poor quality.

Aspen Properties And Uses, Zigmond A. Zasada

Aspen Bibliography

Because of the large demand for lumber during the last 10 years, and particularly during the war period, aspen has entered many new fields of use. At present there is widespread interest in the possibilities of building new industries and extending the life of old ones by increased use of aspen. Many people are interested in becoming familiar with this wood. This report has been prepared to give general information on the properties and present uses of aspen and also to help in correcting some of the existing erroneous ideas about this wood.

Seeding Grass On Deteriorated Aspen Range, A. Perry Plummer, George Stewart

Aspen Bibliography

The herbaceous undercover on much of the aspen range in the Intermountain region is badly deteriorated. These areas, naturally highly productive, when revegetated can contribute greatly towards a much needed supply of range forage. One of the major obstacles to successful seeding has been the difficulty of getting the seeds covered with soil since both standing and fallen trees interfere with the use of drills, harrows, or other machinery. In the search for methods to overcome this difficulty, it was found that for open aspen stands the covering of seeds is unnecessary when the right precautions are taken in other …

How To Reseed Utah Range Lands, A. Perry Plummer, Richard M. Hurd, C. Kenneth Pearse

Aspen Bibliography

Additional low cost forage is urgently needed by Utah's range livestock industry. Seeding of depleted tracts in accordance with recently developed methods and principles will help supply this forage and is entirely feasible. Where the value of the increased forage will repay the cost of planting, careful reseeding of selected sites is fully justified.

The important part that reseeding can play in restoring ranges to their former capacity has been demonstrated. Although satisfactory results can be obtained on many sites during average or better years, much more study is needed to insure consistent success in abnormal years and to extend …

The Effect Of Fomes Ignarius On Populus Tremuloides In The Gallatin National Forest Of Montana, Marvin F. Kelly

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Weather And Plant-Development Data As Determinants Of Grazing Periods On Mountain Range, David F. Costello, Raymond Price

Aspen Bibliography

Fundamental in economical range-resource management is the determination of proper grazing periods. It is of prime importance to be able to establish a date in the spring when the range has produced sufficient feed to keep livestock in thrifty condition, when it is reasonably safe from excessive trampling and packing of the soil, and when the more important key forage plants have attained sufficient development to withstand grazing use. Such opening dates, as well as the time to defer and rotate grazing and to remove livestock from the range, are dependent in part on the prevailing weather conditions and on …

The Interrelationships Of Bark Beetles And Blue-Staining Fungi In Felled Norway Pine Timber, J. G. Leach, L. W. Orr, Clyde Christensen

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

A study of two species of bark beetle (lps pini Say and I. grandicollis Eichh.) and the fungi associated with them has been made as the first part of a general investigation of the interrelations of insects and fungi in the deterioration of felled logs of Norway pine.

Forest Fire Damage Studies In The Northeast--I. Bark-Beetles And Fire Damaged Hardwoods, Paul W. Stickel

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

In reporting the damage to trees scorched lightly at the base by fire the average fire warden and even the technically trained forester is given to stating that little harm has been done providing the tree crowns remain green. Such a statement is far from being correct, failing as it does to take into account the aftermath of insect and fungus damage which invariably follows even the lightest of surface fires. In the case reported herein, over 50 per cent of the fire-scorched hardwoods showed signs of the presence of ambrosia-beetles, whose work, even if the trees continue to live, …

Ecological Relations In The Pitch Pine Plains Of Southern New Jersey, Harold J. Lutz

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

An investigation was undertaken with the primary object of determining the factors responsible for the peculiar development of the vegetation in the Plains community. The conclusion ·is reached that the Plains areas are capable of supporting forest growth similar to that in the Pine Barrens. Inasmuch as the Plains owe their continued existence to repeated fires, it is obvious that effective fire protection is the first and most important step toward their rehabilitation.

Trends And Silvicultural Significance Of Upland Forest Successions In Southern New England, Harold J. Lutz

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The problems encountered in the silvicultural treatment of southern New England forests are many. They result largely from the extremely diverse and complex conditions under which the forest is developed. Due to the glaciated nature of the region the soil character changes radically within relatively short distances. With changes in soil from place to place come minor changes of forest composition. One of the chief reasons for the problems which the silviculturalist encounters in this region is the large number of species which make up the stands. There are approximately thirty commercially important forest trees in southern New England. The …

Grazing Periods And Forage Production On The National Forests, Arthur W. Sampson, Harry E. Malmsten

Aspen Bibliography

Stockmen in the West have always had confidence in the adequacy of the native forage crop to provide pasturage for their livestock. Indeed, under normal climatic conditions this enormous natural resource has not failed the grazier, except where it has been called upon to meet unreasonable demands. The productivity of the range has declined sharply, however, wherever the requirements of plant growth have been disregarded for many years in succession. Where there has been too early or too frequent and to heavy grazing, undue trampling, or some other unsatisfactory feature of range use, the results have been uniformly bad. Many …

Climate And Plant Growth In Certain Vegetative Associations, Arthur W. Sampson

Aspen Bibliography

The relation of climate to the growth and development of vegetation is of profound importance in both practical and experimental agriculture. It is extremely useful to know the cause of successful growth and establishment, or of partial success or failure, of various species in different plant associations and under widely contrasted climatic conditions. The climatic requirements of various plant types are largely responsible for the results obtained in the case of experimental seedings and plantings of most species. Once the adverse climatic factors are definitely known, failures with plants may be largely avoided by the judicious selection of sites or …

The Story Of Aspen, Enos Mills

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Further Studies In The Ecotone Between Prairie And Woodland, R. J. Pool, J. E. Weaver, F. C. Jean

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

A series of intensive investigations of the ecological features of the tension zone between prairie and woodland in the Mississippi valley was begun by Weaver and Thiel in 1915. These studies were continued for two seasons in Minnesota and were also extended to the prairies of eastern Nebraska in 1916. These investigations represent the first attempt to attack the prairie-forest problem on a comprehensive scale by means of the quantitative methods of modern ecology. Some of the results secured from these studies have been published as the first paper of a series planned to deal with critical investigations in the …

Practical Information On The Scolytid Beetles On North American Forests I. Barkbeetles Of The Genus Dendroctonus, Andrew Delmar Hopkins

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

During the writer's investigations of extensive insect depredations in the forests of West Virginia, from 1890 to 1902, he was forcibly impressed with the importance of the forest-insect problem in connection with any future efforts toward the successful management of the forests of this country, and was thus led to give special attention to the subject. It was soon realized that among the principal groups of insect enemies of forest trees the scolytid bark and wood boring beetles must occupy first rank, both in economic importance and systematic interest. Subsequent investigations in West Virginia, in connection with the work of …