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Articles 421 - 434 of 434

Full-Text Articles in Biotechnology

Auditing And Biological Treatment Of Oleochemical Industry Waste, Fauziah Shahul Hamid Jan 2001

Auditing And Biological Treatment Of Oleochemical Industry Waste, Fauziah Shahul Hamid

Student Works (2000-2009)

The utilization of renewable resources particularly from plant-based industries, such as, in the oleochemical sector makes it possible for further expansion of down-stream process products. However, to remain competitive the pollution generated from this industry should not be taken lightly. Implementation of cleaner technology into the oleochemical process will increase the efficiency of resource utilization of the industry, concurrently reducing quantity of waste generated. Waste audit conducted at Cognis Oleochemical (M) (COM) Sdn. Bhd. indicated that the major process-wastes generated by the facility were glycerol residue (GR) from Cognis Rika (M) Sdn. Bhd. (CRM) and wastewater sludge (WWS) from COM …


Immobolisation And Biochemical Characterisation Of A Selected Commercially Available Laccase, Chandra Sundaralingam Jan 2001

Immobolisation And Biochemical Characterisation Of A Selected Commercially Available Laccase, Chandra Sundaralingam

Student Works (2000-2009)

ln this study, laccase from Novo Nordisk was chosen for biochemical characterization and immobilization investigation. The specific aims of this work was to develop optimum conditions for immobilization of laccase by entrapment method using copper alginate and characterize the laccase biochemically. The pH optimum of the crude enzyme extract was 5.5 and was found to be stable over a wide range of pH values. The apparent molecular weight of this enzyme was around 79,000 Daltons. Three peaks of activity (isoenzymes) were obtained from isoelectric focusing of pH values 4.7, 5.2 and 6.0. The optimum pH of the immobilized laccase by …


Isolation, Screening And Characterisation Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Local Food Sources, Ahmad Faris Mohd. Adnan Jan 2001

Isolation, Screening And Characterisation Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Local Food Sources, Ahmad Faris Mohd. Adnan

Student Works (2000-2009)

126 bacterial isolates were isolated from several local food sources. Out of these, 55 isolates were subsequently identified as lactic acid bacteria i.e. they were gram-positive and catalase negative. These 55 isolates were put through gel plug test to distinguish between homofermentative and heterofermentative isolates. 16 of the 55 lactic acid bacteria isolates were found to be homofermentative. From the 16 homofermentative isolates, seven were chosen on the basis of origin and sugars used in the enrichment process for preliminary physiological characterisation. Several conditions were chosen such as variable temperature, lactic acid tolerance, NaCl concentration and initial pH These serve …


Fixed Bed Biosorption Of Cu(Ii) By Immobilized Biomass Of Sargassum Baccularia, Kong Fei Tan Jan 2001

Fixed Bed Biosorption Of Cu(Ii) By Immobilized Biomass Of Sargassum Baccularia, Kong Fei Tan

Student Works (2000-2009)

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using the immobilized biomass of Sargassum buccularia. a brown marine macro algae. to remove and recover copper ions in a fixed bed reactor by passive adsorption. This is commonly referred to as biosorpliun. Inactivated biomass of S. baccularia were chemically modified b) immobilizing it onto polyvinyl alcohol (PVA} as a support matrix. Spherical gel beads that were produced in this manner were subjected to mass transfer and equilibrium studies. The biosorption of copper is a bi-phasic process. with an initial fast phase for the first 2 hours followed …


Hybridization Of Dna By Sequential Immobilization Of Oligonucleotides At The Air-Water Interface, Murali Sastry, Vidya Ramakrishnan, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Anand Gole, K. N. Ganesh Nov 2000

Hybridization Of Dna By Sequential Immobilization Of Oligonucleotides At The Air-Water Interface, Murali Sastry, Vidya Ramakrishnan, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Anand Gole, K. N. Ganesh

Faculty Works

The hybridization of DNA by sequential electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding immobilization of single-stranded complementary oligonucleotides at the air-water interface with cationic Langmuir monolayers is demonstrated. The complexation of the single-stranded DNA molecules with octadecylamine (ODA) Langmuir monolayers was followed in time by monitoring the pressure-area isotherms. A large (and slow) expansion of the ODA monolayer was observed during each stage of complexation in the following sequence: primary single-stranded DNA followed by complementary single-stranded DNA followed by the intercalator, ethidium bromide. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of the ODA-DNA complex were formed on different substrates and characterized using quartz-crystal microgravimetry (QCM), Fourier transform infrared …


History, Religion And Meaning: American Reflections On The Holocuast And Israel, Jules Simon Jan 2000

History, Religion And Meaning: American Reflections On The Holocuast And Israel, Jules Simon

Departmental Papers (Philosophy)

No abstract provided.


Production Of 2,3-Butanediol From Molasses, Isita Sengupta Jan 2000

Production Of 2,3-Butanediol From Molasses, Isita Sengupta

Student Works (2000-2009)

2,3-Butanediol is an important chemical, which is used in the manufacture of products such as synthetic rubber, printing inks, perfumes, fumigants, moistening and softening agents, explosives and plasticizers. It has been known as a bacterial fermentation product since early part of the 20th century. Klebsiella oxytoca Is an organism, which can convert a variety of sugars to 2,3-butanediol. Available literature shows that principal monosaccharides of cellulosic substances as well as major hemicellulosic compounds have been used as carbon source. However, there is very little information on the application of waste material as carbon source for fermentation of butanediol. In this …


Production Of Polyhydroaxyalkanoate (Pha) From Palm Oil By Pseudomonas Oleovorans And Indigenous Bacterial Isolate, Pseudomonas Sp., Zazali Alias Jan 2000

Production Of Polyhydroaxyalkanoate (Pha) From Palm Oil By Pseudomonas Oleovorans And Indigenous Bacterial Isolate, Pseudomonas Sp., Zazali Alias

Student Works (2000-2009)

In this study, the yield of biomass and polyhydroxyalkanoate  (PHA) of Pseudomonas oleovorans grown in batch and fed-batch cultivations were compared. When oleic acid (QA) (0.5% w/v) was used as carbon source, a significant increase in biomass.and PHA content were observed through fedbatch cultivation. The biomass and PHA content obtained from batch cultivation were 1.45±0.19 g/I and 2.50±0.77 % cell dry weight (CDW) respectively, while in the fed-batch cultivation, the biomass and PHA content increased significantly to 3.35±0.78 g/I and 32.72±0.30 %CDW respectively.  When saponified palm olein (SPO) (0.5% w/v) was used as a carbon source, the batch cultivation yielded …


Urea Hydrolysis Using Immobilized Urease, Anita Arullan Jan 2000

Urea Hydrolysis Using Immobilized Urease, Anita Arullan

Student Works (2000-2009)

An inexpensive carrier matrix. vermiculite was used for immobilizing urease. A cost effective and simple method of coupling was developed using vermiculite. Immobilization of urease on Amberlite MB-land Nylon-6 tube were also studied. Activities of free and immobilized urease were studied and compared: Among all methods used for immobilization of urease. the method of coupling the enzyme to vermiculite gave the highest retained activity of 82% (Method I) and 89% (Method 2) at pH 6.0 and 5.5 respectively. Urease immobilized by Method I retained 69% and 30% of its original activity and Method 2 (using glutaraldehyde as coupling agent) retained …


Exploring Participation Processes For Technology Development: Case Studies Of Biotechnology Research And Development Projects In Thailand, Omjai Yuktavetya Jul 1999

Exploring Participation Processes For Technology Development: Case Studies Of Biotechnology Research And Development Projects In Thailand, Omjai Yuktavetya

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

There is increased awareness in the organizational and management literature that participation can make contributions in technology development. One of the problems in developing biotechnology in Thailand is that only a small portion of publicly funded research and development projects directly result in commercial success. Among the reasons cited (TDRI 1992a) is a lack of collaboration between various stakeholders; therefore, an effective technology policy to support their participation is needed. This research explores current participation processes in biotechnology research and development projects in Thailand in which there were different perspectives among various stakeholders. The quantitative and qualitative methodologies developed here …


A Case Study Of Bioengineering In America: Profits, Risks And Standards Of Value In The Commercialization Of Monsanto Company's Newleaf Potato, Bridget Lyons, Teresa Ralabate, Nadhim Frangul Jan 1999

A Case Study Of Bioengineering In America: Profits, Risks And Standards Of Value In The Commercialization Of Monsanto Company's Newleaf Potato, Bridget Lyons, Teresa Ralabate, Nadhim Frangul

WCBT Faculty Publications

Last year, approximately 45 million acres of American farmland were planted with crops that had been genetically engineered to either produce their own pesticides, or withstand herbicides. The long and short-term effects of this biotechnology on humans and the environment, are being studied, but remain unknown. Leading the way in the field of bioengineered crops is the Missouri-based Monsanto Company. Monsanto believes that current agricultural practices are inconsistent with sustainable development. The NewLeaf potato is one of three products Monsanto has created to feed the growing world population. The genetically engineered crop produces, in every cell of the plant, a …


Biodiesel Fuel From Animal Fat. Ancillary Studies On Transesterification Of Beef Tallow, Fangrui Ma, L. Davis Clements, Milford Hanna Jan 1998

Biodiesel Fuel From Animal Fat. Ancillary Studies On Transesterification Of Beef Tallow, Fangrui Ma, L. Davis Clements, Milford Hanna

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Transesterification of beef tallow was investigated. The solubility of ethanol in beef tallow was much higher than that of methanol. At 100 °C the solubility of methanol was 19% (w/w). The solubility of ethanol in beef tallow reached 100% (w/w) at about 68 °C. For the distribution of methanol between beef tallow methyl esters (BTME) and glycerol, the percentage of total methanol in the glycerol phase was higher than that in the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) phase in a simulated system at room temperature. At 65-80 °C, however, the percentage of total methanol in FAME (60% (w/w)) was higher …


Anion Induced Blue To Purple Transition In Bacteriorhodopsin, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Anil K. Singh Jun 1996

Anion Induced Blue To Purple Transition In Bacteriorhodopsin, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Anil K. Singh

Faculty Works

Purple membrane (PM, λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 570 nm) of H. halobium on treatment with sulphuric acid changes its colour to blue (λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 608 nm). The purple chromophore can be regenerated from the blue chromophore by exogeneous addition of anions such as CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4. Chloride ion is found to be more effective than the dibasic phosphate ion in regenerating the purple chromophore. Nevertheless, one thing common to the anion regeneration is that both CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4 show marked pH effect. At pH 1.0 the efficiency of …


Can We Guarantee The Safety Of Genetically Engineered Organisms In The Environment?, Kathleen H. Keeler, Frances E. Sharples Jan 1988

Can We Guarantee The Safety Of Genetically Engineered Organisms In The Environment?, Kathleen H. Keeler, Frances E. Sharples

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Can we guarantee the safety of genetically engineered organisms in the environment? To anticipate my remarks, the answer to the title question is “No, we cannot guarantee the safety of genetically engineered organisms released into the environment.” Indeed, it is a tenet of the scientific method that nothing can be proved, only disproved. Thus, we can never show that a release will be safe. We could only show that it would be unsafe, if that were the case. However, if the question is posed differently, for example, can we safely release genetically engineered organisms into the environment?, the answer is …