Biology Commons^™

Analysis Of Primary Risk Factors For Oral Cancer From Us States With Increasing Rates, Anthony Bunnell, Nathan Pettit, Nicole Reddout, Kanika Sharma, Susan O'Malley, Michelle Chino, Karl Kingsley

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Objectives

To examine the primary risk factor for oral cancer in the US, smoking and tobacco use, among the specific US states that experienced short-term increases in oral cancer incidence and mortality.

Methods

Population-based data on oral cancer morbidity and mortality in the US were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for analysis of recent trends. Data were also obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to measure current and former trends of tobacco usage. To comprehensive measures of previous state tobacco use …

Expression Profiles During Dedifferentiation In Newt Lens Regeneration Revealed By Expressed Sequence Tags, Nobuyasu Maki, John Martinsou, Osamu Nishimura, Hiroshi Tarui, Jaroslaw Meller, Panagiotis A. Tsonis, Kiyokazu Agata

Biology Faculty Publications

Purpose: The adult newt can regenerate lens from pigmented epithelial cells (PECs) of the dorsal iris via dedifferentiation. The purpose of this research is to obtain sequence resources for a newt lens regeneration study and to obtain insights of dedifferentiation at the molecular level.

Structural Investigation Of Atp-Utilizing Enzymes: Structures Involved In H+ Homeostasis And The Proliferation Of Hormone-Dependent Cancers, Zacariah Louis Hildenbrand

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

ATP is a multifunctional nucleotide considered to be the "molecular unit of currency" of intracellular energy transfer. ATP is utilized ubiquitously for the transport of chemical energy within the cell in addition to acting as a substrate in the regulation of many metabolic and signaling transduction pathways such as kinase-mediated signaling cascades. Interestingly, the functional mechanisms of many enzymes require the binding of ATP to trigger key structural and conformational changes that ultimately result in enzyme-directed catalysis. Two of the most omnipresent ATPases within the cell include the V-ATPase rotary proton pump and the Hsp90 protein-folding chaperone. Structural and biochemical …

Relation Of The Wnt/Β-Catenin Signaling Pathway With Gynecological Cancers, Hani̇fe Güler Tanir, Şayeste Demi̇rezen, Mehmet Si̇nan Beksaç

Turkish Journal of Biology

The Wnt signaling pathway is evolutionary conserved and controls many biological processes like cell proliferation and differentiation. It also provides planar polarity, regulation of the cell cycle, and cell adhesion during both the embryonic and adult period. However, it has been widely considered in the literature that some pathological alterations in various biomolecules involved in this pathway, and aberrant activation of signaling have important roles primarily in the genesis of colorectal and cervical cancer and several other serious diseases. The Wnt signaling pathway diversifies into 3 types: Wnt\beta-catenin signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway, and Wnt/calcium (Ca^{+2}) pathway. Only the …

Mechanisms Of Induced Cell Death In Bluetongue Virus Challenged Human Cell Lines, Justin Darrel Hoopes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a pathogenic member of the Reoviridae family. BTV does not cause disease in humans, but is capable of selectively infecting and killing certain transformed human cell lines. Understanding BTV's oncotrophism may lead to new therapeutics for treating cancer. This study focused on the underlying mechanisms of BTV-induced cell death in carcinoma cell lines. It was our hypothesis that BTV infects human carcinoma transformed cells, produces mRNA and protein, induces a strong inflammatory response, induces mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)-based pro-apoptotic signaling, inhibits PKB-based signaling, and eventually kills the cell by inducing apoptosis.

Three carcinoma cell lines …

Inducing A Normal Phenotype In Breast Epithelial Cells Using A Three-Dimensional Basement Membrane Extract Culture System: A Study On The Reversion Of Cancer, Ross H. Booth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Experimentally, traditional developmental models and transgenic animals consistently underscore the importance of studying cell behavior in the correct tissue context. However, live animal experimentation is inherently complex, and systematic assessment of the effects of individual variables, such as cell shape and matrix compliance on cell behavior, is extremely difficult at best. Two-dimensional monolayer culture of key individual cell types has provided abundant, fundamental information on cell response, but cannot be used to show the normal phenotype of breast epithelial cells. Furthermore, their results often fail to translate into in vivo and clinical studies. It has been previously established that normal …

Myf5 Does Not Induce Apoptosis In Skeletal Myoblasts But Is Regulated By Oncogenic Ras Expression, Alexander Phillip Talarico

ETD Archive

Skeletal myogenesis is initiated by a family of muscle regulatory factors (MRFs) composed of the transcription factors MyoD, Myf5, MRF4, and myogenin. Of these, MyoD was the first discovered, is the most studied, and plays a well-characterized role in skeletal myoblast determination and differentiation. Our laboratory has also discovered that MyoD plays an important role in the apoptotic process that occurs in a subpopulation of myoblasts induced to differentiate. Expression of oncogenic Ras is known to inhibit myoblast differentiation and to decrease the expression of MyoD mRNA and protein. Our laboratory was the first to report that expression of oncogenic …

Colon Cancer-- A Silent Killer, Katelyn Carman

Whittier Scholars Program

Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths annually. The goal of this research is to (a) increase awareness of colon cancer by identifying anatomical and physiological changes that occur when cancerous polyps are present, (b) describe different genetic mutations that occur, (c) discuss preventative screening procedures and (d) explain different treatment options for colon cancer patients. There will be an additional section on the genetic link to colon cancer because it is thought to be the main cause of some cancerous polyps. Being aware of the potential risks associated with colon cancer can save lives.

The Epigenomic Viewpoint On Cellular Differentiation Of Myeloid Progenitor Cells As It Pertains To Leukemogenesis, Vincent E. Sollars

Biochemistry and Microbiology

The new millennium has brought with it a surge of research in the field of epigenetics. This has included advances in our understanding of stem cell characteristics and mechanisms of commitment to cell lineages prior to differentiation. The nature of stem cells is similar to that of malignant cells in that they have unlimited self-renewal and protection from apoptosis, leading researchers to suspect that stem cells are the target of oncogenesis. This review will explore the idea of how epigenetic control of gene expression may contribute to mechanisms controlling differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells and its importance to our understanding …

The Effect Of Rooibos Tea (Aspalathus Linearis) On The Survival And Transformation Of C3h-Bt1 Mouse Fibroblasts, Krista M. Beach, Paul J. Smith

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Improved Culture Of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Roger A. Burger

Biology

Adoptive immunotherapy using in vitro expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) continues to be the subject of research and clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. However, the culture methods used to expand large numbers of TIL are limited and often ineffective. In this study using murine TIL, the level of in vitro expansion, expression of adhesion molecules and infiltration into tumors after infusion was evaluated. A comparison was made between lymphocyte culture fluid (LCF), a bovine plasma-based medium, and a bovine serum-based medium (SCM) as the culture media. Because plasma-based media lack the lymphocyte inhibitory factors associated with serum-based media, it …

Gold, Electron Microscopy, And Cancer Therapy, James F. Hainfeld

Scanning Microscopy

Radioactive gold has properties suitable for radiotherapy and can provide lethal irradiation to cells. If the gold is conjugated to a targeting molecule, such as an antibody, it may be possible to specifically deliver the dose to tumor cells. Various gold particles are possible candidates and include gold colloids with adsorption of antibodies or gold clusters with covalent attachment. Different sizes of gold particles are available and some may be preferred for certain situations. Problems with intravenous injection and in vivo delivery are numerous, and a more tractable application is the direct instillation into the urinary bladder of radiogold immunoconjugates …

An Electron Microscopic Study Of Hemopoietic Tissues In The Course Of Lewis Lung Carcinoma, Cheryl Hardy, Yuzhi Wang, Bettye Collier, Mehdi Tavassoli

Scanning Microscopy

Lewis lung carcinoma of C57Bl/6 mice causes a progressive anemia with reticulocytosis and splenomegaly, metastasizes to lungs, liver, and kidneys but does not invade hemopoietic tissues. The cause of this anemia is uncertain. We studied the structure of spleen and bone marrow in these tumor hosts by light and electron microscopy. Splenic congestion of the red pulp with numerous erythropoietic islands and marrow hyperplasia characterized the hemopoietic tissues of these mice, which, when coupled with other hematological parameters suggested a hemolytic condition. However, the erythropoietic response appeared to be in part ineffective as evidenced by phagocytosis of immature as well …

The External Morphology Of The First Zoeal Stages Of Cancer Magister (Dana), Cancer Antennarius (Stimpson), And Cancer Anthonyi (Rathbun), Robert Dotson Mir

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The literature dealing with the larva of Pacific Coast brachyuran crabs is slight. The prominent papers, those of Aikawa (1927, 1928, 1929, 1933, 1937), deal with a variety of genera and offer information useful in determin- ing family relationships. A single paper by Hart (1935) also deal with a number of brachyuran larvae found in the Pacific Ocean. None of these papers, however, identifies to species any member of the genus Cancer, although one member, C. magister (Dana) is of considerable economic importance on the pacific coast of North America. In the fall of 1958 an investigation was under taken …