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2016

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Articles 361 - 390 of 1869

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Developmental Functions Of Mir156-Regulated Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein-Like (Spl) Genes In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Mingli Xu, Tieqiang Hu, Jianfei Zhao, Mee-Yeon Park, Keith W. Earley, Gang Wu, Li Yang, R. Scott Poethig Aug 2016

Developmental Functions Of Mir156-Regulated Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein-Like (Spl) Genes In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Mingli Xu, Tieqiang Hu, Jianfei Zhao, Mee-Yeon Park, Keith W. Earley, Gang Wu, Li Yang, R. Scott Poethig

Faculty Publications

Correct developmental timing is essential for plant fitness and reproductive success. Two important transitions in shoot development—the juvenile-to-adult vegetative transition and the vegetative-to-reproductive transition—are mediated by a group of genes targeted by miR156, SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN (SBP) genes. To determine the developmental functions of these genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, we characterized their expression patterns, and their gain-of-function and loss-of-function phenotypes. Our results reveal that SBP-LIKE (SPL) genes in Arabidopsis can be divided into three functionally distinct groups: 1) SPL2, SPL9, SPL10, SPL11, SPL13 and SPL15 contribute to both the juvenile-to-adult vegetative transition …

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Molecular Basis For Strain Variation In The Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Adhesin Flo11p, Subit Barua, Li Li, Peter N. Lipke, Anne M. Dranginis Aug 2016

Molecular Basis For Strain Variation In The Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Adhesin Flo11p, Subit Barua, Li Li, Peter N. Lipke, Anne M. Dranginis

Publications and Research

FLO11 encodes a yeast cell wall flocculin that mediates a variety of adhesive phenotypes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Flo11p is implicated in many developmental processes, including flocculation, formation of pseudohyphae, agar invasion, and formation of microbial mats and biofilms. However, Flo11p mediates different processes in different yeast strains. To investigate the mechanisms by which FLO11 determines these differences in colony morphology, flocculation, and invasion, we studied gene structure, function, and expression levels. Nonflocculent Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1278b cells exhibited significantly higher FLO11 mRNA expression, especially in the stationary phase, than highly flocculent S. cerevisiae var. diastaticus. The two strains varied in cell …

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Force Sensitivity In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Flocculins, Cho X. Chan, Sofiane El-Kirat-Chatel, Ivor G. Joseph, Desmond N. Jackson, Caleen B. Ramsook, Yves F. Dufrêne, Peter N. Lipke Aug 2016

Force Sensitivity In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Flocculins, Cho X. Chan, Sofiane El-Kirat-Chatel, Ivor G. Joseph, Desmond N. Jackson, Caleen B. Ramsook, Yves F. Dufrêne, Peter N. Lipke

Publications and Research

Many fungal adhesins have short, -aggregation-prone sequences that play important functional roles, and in the Candida albicans adhesin Als5p, these sequences cluster the adhesins after exposure to shear force. Here, we report that Saccharomyces cerevisiae flocculins Flo11p and Flo1p have similar -aggregation-prone sequences and are similarly stimulated by shear force, despite being nonhomologous. Shear from vortex mixing induced the formation of small flocs in cells expressing either adhesin. After the addition of Ca2, yeast cells from vortex-sheared populations showed greatly enhanced flocculation and displayed more pronounced thioflavin-bright surface nanodomains. At high concentrations, amyloidophilic dyes inhibited Flo1p- and Flo11p-mediated agar invasion …

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The Effects Of Ivermectin On Brugia Malayi Females In Vitro: A Transcriptomic Approach, Cristina Ballesteros, Lucienne Tritten, Maeghan O'Neill, Erica Burkman, Weam I. Zaky, Jianguo Xia, Andrew Moorhead, Steven A. Williams, Timothy G. Geary Aug 2016

The Effects Of Ivermectin On Brugia Malayi Females In Vitro: A Transcriptomic Approach, Cristina Ballesteros, Lucienne Tritten, Maeghan O'Neill, Erica Burkman, Weam I. Zaky, Jianguo Xia, Andrew Moorhead, Steven A. Williams, Timothy G. Geary

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis are tropical diseases caused by infections with parasitic nematodes. Resulting chronic diseases can be strongly blinding and disfiguring, and contribute to an entrenched cycle of poverty in affected populations. Ivermectin is one of the pivotal drugs used to control these infections. The mechanism of antifilarial action of the drug is incompletely resolved. It kills circulating larval stages (microfilariae), but only reversibly sterilizes adult worms without killing them. Our limited understanding of the involved mechanisms hampers treatment optimization and sustainability of the efficacy of the drug, and investigations into its pharmacology are of paramount importance. Working with …

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Regulation Of Durable Adaptive Immune Response By The C-Myc-Ap4 Transcriptional Cascade, Chun Chou Aug 2016

Regulation Of Durable Adaptive Immune Response By The C-Myc-Ap4 Transcriptional Cascade, Chun Chou

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The process of amplifying immune responses by expanding a small number of antigen-specific cells, termed clonal expansion, is an important feature of the adaptive immunity. Whereas clonal expansion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes is required for complete eradication of intracellular pathogens, proliferation of B lymphocytes in the germinal centers (GC) is critical for generating a diverse immunoglobulin gene repertoire from which protective antibody carrying multiple mutations can arise. While the proto-oncogene c-MYC is absolutely required for the activation and cell cycle initiation in lymphocytes, its expression is temporally restricted. Activated lymphocytes, however, continue to proliferate after c-MYC levels decay to maximize …

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Functions For Murine Norovirus Protein Ns1/2 In Mice And Cells, Broc Taylor Mccune Aug 2016

Functions For Murine Norovirus Protein Ns1/2 In Mice And Cells, Broc Taylor Mccune

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Noroviruses are a leading cause of epidemic gastroenteritis and a major health burden worldwide. One source for outbreaks is individuals who shed virus asymptomatically and persistently. Viral persistence is a successful strategy for viruses to spread, but the mechanisms and consequences of norovirus persistent infection are unknown. In this dissertation, we sought to determine the norovirus determinant(s) of persistence and explore the functions of the associated viral molecules.To determine the viral determinants of persistent infection and tropism, we used the murine norovirus model system in mice. Using plasmid infectious clones for persistent strain CR6 and non-persistent strain CW3, we mapped …

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Molecular Mechanisms Mediating The Effects Of Acute Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency On A Defined Model Human Gut Microbiota, Matthew Charles Hibberd Aug 2016

Molecular Mechanisms Mediating The Effects Of Acute Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency On A Defined Model Human Gut Microbiota, Matthew Charles Hibberd

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Micronutrient deficiencies represent a form of "hidden hunger" that afflict two billion people worldwide. To test the hypothesis that dietary micronutrient deficiency has differential effects on members of the human gut microbiota, a consortium containing 92 sequenced phylogenetically diverse bacterial strains was introduced into germ-free mice. Recipient animals were subjected to a diet oscillation that began with highly defined micronutrient-sufficient diet followed by a derivative diet with one of four types of single micronutrient deficiency, or a diet representing combined deficiencies, followed by return to the original sufficient diet. Times-series studies of microbial community structure and transcriptome revealed that acute …

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Tau Prion Strains In Cells, Mice, And Patients, David Winland Sanders Aug 2016

Tau Prion Strains In Cells, Mice, And Patients, David Winland Sanders

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Prion-like propagation of tau aggregation may underlie the stereotyped progression of pathology along neuronal networks in neurodegenerative tauopathies such as Alzheimer’s disease. It has become increasingly clear that unique conformations (“strains”) of prion protein (PrP) link aggregate structure to clinical phenotypes in human prion diseases. Intriguingly, vast phenotypic diversity in pathological and clinical presentation is also observed in tauopathies. The mechanisms that account for this phenotypic diversity are completely unknown. During my dissertation work, I put forward and tested the hypothesis that distinct tau amyloid conformations (or “strains”) are responsible for unique tauopathies. First, I found that in experimental models, …

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Utilization Of Cholera Toxin B As An Adjuvant For The Subunit Pspa Vaccine, Provides Effective Protection Against Streptococcus Pneumoniae Challenge, Daniel R. Pinho Aug 2016

Utilization Of Cholera Toxin B As An Adjuvant For The Subunit Pspa Vaccine, Provides Effective Protection Against Streptococcus Pneumoniae Challenge, Daniel R. Pinho

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a prevalent human pathogen associated with pneumonia. It is estimated that approximately 1 million people around the world die each year, specifically with young children and the elderly comprising a significant portion. Currently, antibiotics can treat the infection but individuals such as the young or elderly are more susceptible to bodily damage from symptoms, such as pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis, thus require more preventive measures. As a result, vaccinations are a key solution to providing effective protection against infectious pathogens. Presently, two vaccinations exist in the market: PPSV23 and PCV13, which only protect against …

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Behavioral And Neurophysiological Mechanisms Of Recovery Post-Stroke, Lenny Eveline Ramsey Aug 2016

Behavioral And Neurophysiological Mechanisms Of Recovery Post-Stroke, Lenny Eveline Ramsey

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Strokes can affect very different behavioral domains causing deficits in language, memory, visual attention and movement. This range of deficits is caused by stroke lesions that occur in different locations, and it reflects both the local structural damage as well as remote and widespread neurophysiological abnormalities of structurally normal regions of the brain. The recovery of behavioral deficits depends both on psychosocial factors like age and education, whose brain substrates are presently poorly defined, structural variables such as lesion size and location, and neurobiological repair mechanisms both locally near the lesion and network-wide.In the current work we hypothesized that behavioral …

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Ecological And Genetic Consequences Of Climate Change Impacting Species Distributions, With Specific Cases In Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis Engelm.), Jennifer A. Gruhn Aug 2016

Ecological And Genetic Consequences Of Climate Change Impacting Species Distributions, With Specific Cases In Whitebark Pine (Pinus Albicaulis Engelm.), Jennifer A. Gruhn

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Climate is widely recognized as a primary factor contributing to species distribution limits. In turn, species’ geographic ranges have contracted and expanded in concert with Earth’s climatic history and are predicted to shift in response to future climate change. We investigated the ecological and genetic consequences of species distributions in flux with their historical, current, and projected future climatic environments. Chapter 1 introduces themes and background information related to the thesis research found in Chapters 2 through 4. In Chapter 2, we questioned the extent to which ancestral climate-related traits are conserved through vast periods of evolutionary time spanning the …

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The P38mapk-Mk2-Hsp27 Axis Regulates The Mrna Stability Of The Pro-Tumorigenic Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype, Hayley Reynolds Moore Aug 2016

The P38mapk-Mk2-Hsp27 Axis Regulates The Mrna Stability Of The Pro-Tumorigenic Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype, Hayley Reynolds Moore

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Protecting the genome is a vital aspect of safeguarding organismal health. Inability to efficiently and effectively replicate the genome or repair damage the genome may encounter can lead to mutational accumulation or senescence, both of which are drivers of multiple diseases including cancer. Understanding the mechanisms by which the genome is maintained, as well as the consequences of repeated rounds of replication or exposure to DNA damaging agents, will allow for greater understanding of the diseases they promote as well as development of targeted therapies aimed at mitigating the detrimental effects of genomic insult. The first section of my work …

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Population Structure And Mating Dynamics In The Social Amoeba Dictyostelium Discoideum, Tracy Edwards Douglas Aug 2016

Population Structure And Mating Dynamics In The Social Amoeba Dictyostelium Discoideum, Tracy Edwards Douglas

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Successfully investigating the evolution and maintenance of sex and mating systems can often have as much to do with choosing the right study system as it has to do with asking the right questions. Dictyostelium discoideum has long been the focus of researchers interested in understanding a number of biological processes, such as motility, chemotaxis and development. More recently, attentions have shifted to include questions about the evolution of social and sexual interactions both within and between species. The D. discoideum life cycles, both asexual and sexual, are uniquely social, each requiring a costly sacrificial act. This offers an ideal …

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Action Of Snail1 Protein Is Critical For Fibrosis, Hirak Biswas Aug 2016

Action Of Snail1 Protein Is Critical For Fibrosis, Hirak Biswas

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Hypoxic injury to the heart causes cardiac fibrosis leading to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. SNAIL1 is a zinc finger transcription factor which has been implicated in fibrosis following organ injury. To investigate the role of SNAIL1 in cardiac fibrosis, we used an endogenous SNAIL1 bioluminescence reporter mice, and SNAIL1 knockout mouse models. Here we report that SNAIL1 is expressed in the infarcted myocardium, especially in the myofibroblasts. Utilizing cardiac fibroblasts in-vitro we demonstrate that pro-fibrotic factors and collagen increases SNAIL1 in cardiac fibroblasts. By knocking out SNAIL1 in cardiac fibroblasts in-vitro, we demonstrate that SNAIL1 is required for adoption …

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Differential Associations Of Stress And Cortisol With Brain Structure And Cognition In Cognitively Normal Older Adults, Ana Kim Aug 2016

Differential Associations Of Stress And Cortisol With Brain Structure And Cognition In Cognitively Normal Older Adults, Ana Kim

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The current literature shows discrepant findings as to the degree to which cumulative stress and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are associated with brain structure and cognitive function in older adults, particularly in brain regions with high expression of receptors for glucocorticoid, and cognitive function reliant upon these regions. Past studies have been heavily focused on total hippocampus while limited studies have examined hippocampal subdivisions or other brain structures. In addition, one key moderator that may influence the associations of cumulative stress and cortisol on brain structure and cognition is the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the stress-system genes, which …

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Investigating Auxin Biosynthesis And Its Contribution To Virulence By Pseudomonas Syringae Pv Tomato Dc3000, Sheri Mcclerklin Aug 2016

Investigating Auxin Biosynthesis And Its Contribution To Virulence By Pseudomonas Syringae Pv Tomato Dc3000, Sheri Mcclerklin

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Auxin is a major hormone that regulates many processes in plant development and has been shown to be important in several plant-pathogen interactions. Many microbes, including multiple pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae produce indole-3-aceitc acid (IAA), a naturally occurring auxin. However IAA production and its biosynthesis pathway remains undetermined for many bacteria including P. syringae strain DC3000, the subject of this thesis. To investigate IAA biosynthesis by DC3000, I examined IAA production in cultures fed with different pathway intermediates. I show that DC3000 produces IAA in culture and cultures supplemented with Indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld) produced high levels of IAA, indicating that IAAld …

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Regulation Of Transcription And Stress Response By Card In Mycobacteria, Ashley Louise Garner Aug 2016

Regulation Of Transcription And Stress Response By Card In Mycobacteria, Ashley Louise Garner

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of Tuberculosis, infects over one third of the world's population. To control this epidemic, we must develop new chemotherapeutic strategies for treatment, which requires further insight into the physiology of this bacterium. Previous studies have identified CarD as a transcriptional regulator essential during both acute and persistent infection. Depletion of CarD sensitizes strains to a diverse panel of stresses and deregulates several hundred genes and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which suggested that CarD may be a transcriptional regulator. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing experiments showed that CarD was localized to promoters throughout the genome, suggesting that CarD regulates …

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The Role Of Epidermal Enhancer 923 In The Chromatin Architecture And Transcriptional Regulation Of The Epidermal Differentiation Complex, Inez Oh Aug 2016

The Role Of Epidermal Enhancer 923 In The Chromatin Architecture And Transcriptional Regulation Of The Epidermal Differentiation Complex, Inez Oh

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The epidermis covers the surface of the skin and provides a functional barrier across the entire body. Epidermal cells or keratinocytes proliferate in the innermost basal layer and migrate upwards into the suprabasal spinous and granular layers as they differentiate, and finally into the terminally differentiated outermost stratum corneum. Keratinocytes undergoing terminal differentiation are marked by tissue-specific concomitant expression of genes encoded in the Epidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC) locus. The EDC genes are organized into four gene families - S100, Sprr, Lce, and Flg-like, which are coordinately expressed upon activation of the terminal differentiation program in keratinocytes. The molecular mechanisms …

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Mechanisms Of Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis, Charles Eldon Jackson Aug 2016

Mechanisms Of Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis, Charles Eldon Jackson

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of intercellular communication. Different types of EVs are released from cells by either fusion of late endsomal multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane (exosomes) or direct budding from the plasma membrane (ectosomes). Topologically equivalent processes including intralumenal vesicle formation for degradation in the endosomal pathway and virus budding from the plasma membrane depend on the ATPase VPS4 and its Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT)-III substrates for membrane fission and release. Whether this machinery is generally required for EV biogenesis has, however, been the subject of debate. Studies of the EV proteome from …

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Use Of Proteomics To Probe Dynamic Changes In Cyanobacteria, Amelia Yen Nguyen Aug 2016

Use Of Proteomics To Probe Dynamic Changes In Cyanobacteria, Amelia Yen Nguyen

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Cyanobacteria are unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms that capture and convert light energy to chemical energy, which is the precursor for feed, fuel, and food. These oxygenic phototrophs appear blue-green in color due to the blue bilin pigments in their phycobilisomes and green chlorophyll pigments in their photosystems. They also have diverse morphologies, and thrive in terrestrial, marine water, fresh water, as well as extreme environments. Cyanobacteria have developed a number of protective mechanisms and adaptive responses that allow the photosynthetic process to operate optimally under diverse and extreme conditions. Prolonged deprivation of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen and sulfur, commonly found …

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Infantile Batten Disease: Effective Therapy And Novel Model, Charles Shyng Aug 2016

Infantile Batten Disease: Effective Therapy And Novel Model, Charles Shyng

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL, Infantile Batten) is typically an early onset, neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder. INCL is caused by mutations to the gene CLN1 which codes for the lysosomal enzyme palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1). PPT1 is a soluble lysosomal enzyme that functions to cleave fatty acyl chains from proteins destined for degradation. Deficiency in PPT1 leads to the accumulation of autofluorescent storage material, a hallmark of the NCLs. The storage material has been implicated in progressive histopathological changes in the brain such as neuronal loss, astrocytosis, microgliosis, and immune cell infiltration. These histopathological changes result in a progression of clinical …

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Gene Association Mapping In The Era Of Next-Generation Sequencing And Systems Biology, Tianxiao Zhang Aug 2016

Gene Association Mapping In The Era Of Next-Generation Sequencing And Systems Biology, Tianxiao Zhang

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

In the past decade, advancement of genotyping technology, first microarray then “next-generation” sequencing, has enabled scientists to examine the susceptible genes that contribute to the risk of complex disorders using a genome-wide, “hypothesis free” strategy. However, despite this “hypothesis free” label, these genome-wide approaches (including genome-wide association and whole genome sequencing studies) depend on two implicit assumptions. The first assumption is that the genetic risk of complex traits is contributed by independent genes/variants (assumption of independence).The second assumption is that different genes have equal potentiality to confer to the genetic predisposition of the complex traits (assumption of equality). Despite the …

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Systematics And Evolution Of The Arundinoideae And Micrairoideae (Poaceae), Jordan Kinsley Teisher Aug 2016

Systematics And Evolution Of The Arundinoideae And Micrairoideae (Poaceae), Jordan Kinsley Teisher

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The grass family, Poaceae, is one of the most ecologically and economically important plant groups on Earth. However, the large size (over 11,000 species) and geographic range of the family makes complete resolution of the evolutionary relationships in Poaceae challenging, with some significant groups remaining neglected. Two such understudied clades, subfamilies Arundinoideae and Micrairoideae, possess an incredible amount of morphological and ecological diversity for their sizes, making them a potentially rewarding system in which to study evolution of a wide range of grass features. In this dissertation, I resolved many of the long-standing systematic issues in Arundinoideae and Micrairoideae and …

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Functions Of The Dna Polymerase Delta Replicase In Lagging Strand Replication, Joseph L. Stodola Aug 2016

Functions Of The Dna Polymerase Delta Replicase In Lagging Strand Replication, Joseph L. Stodola

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The work described in this dissertation focuses on several aspects of DNA replication in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with particular attention paid to the function of the replicative DNA polymerase delta (Pol ), and its functions in Okazaki fragment synthesis and maturation. The first major theme of this dissertation is investigating the role that metal binding motifs play in the structure and function of Pol and other budding yeast polymerases. First, I discuss the role that two metal binding motifs within the catalytic subunit of Pol play in creating the multi-subunit polymerase complex and in promoting crucial interactions with …

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Maternal Sleep Loss During Fetal Development Alters Offspring Endocrine Responses To Stress Throughout Life, Audrey Brown Aug 2016

Maternal Sleep Loss During Fetal Development Alters Offspring Endocrine Responses To Stress Throughout Life, Audrey Brown

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis releases glucocorticoids, including corticosterone (CORT), in response to stress. CORT then negatively feeds back to inhibit its own production by binding to glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The HPA axis is subject to “programming” by abnormal stimuli during early development, which may permanently alter how the HPA axis responds to stress. These altered responses have been linked to an increased risk for human psychiatric and metabolic disorders in later life, but the mechanism by which this happens is not fully understood. This study tests the hypothesis that changes to GR expression patterns …

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Investment Appraisal Of Automatic Milking And Conventional Milking Technologies In A Pasture-Based Dairy System, John Shortall, Laurence Shalloo, Cathriona Foley, Roy D. Sleator, Bernadette O'Brien Aug 2016

Investment Appraisal Of Automatic Milking And Conventional Milking Technologies In A Pasture-Based Dairy System, John Shortall, Laurence Shalloo, Cathriona Foley, Roy D. Sleator, Bernadette O'Brien

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

The successful integration of automatic milking (AM) systems and grazing has resulted in AM becoming a feasible alternative to conventional milking (CM) in pasture-based systems. The objective of this study was to identify the profitability of AM in a pasture-based system, relative to CM herringbone parlors with 2 different levels of automation, across 2 farm sizes, over a 10-yr period following initial investment. The scenarios which were evaluated were (1) a medium farm milking 70 cows twice daily, with 1 AM unit, a 12-unit CM medium-specification (MS) parlor and a 12-unit CM high-specification (HS) parlor, and (2) a large farm …

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Physical Separation From The Mate Diminishes Male’S Attentiveness Towards Other Females: A Study In Monogamous Prairie Voles Microtus Ochrogaster, Christine J. Delevan, Natalia A. Rodriguez, Karine M. Legzim, Fayeza Aliou, Jamie T. Parker, Maryam Bashad Aug 2016

Physical Separation From The Mate Diminishes Male’S Attentiveness Towards Other Females: A Study In Monogamous Prairie Voles Microtus Ochrogaster, Christine J. Delevan, Natalia A. Rodriguez, Karine M. Legzim, Fayeza Aliou, Jamie T. Parker, Maryam Bashad

Publications and Research

We tested whether continuous cohabitation in monogamous voles affects the mated male’s attentiveness to his breeding partner versus another female. Each male was housed in a 3-chamber apparatus with a Focal female (FF) and a Control female (CF) for 13 days then placed in a T-maze to assess his attentiveness to and memory of those females. The Distal male remained physically separated from both females, but received their distal cues. The Separate male cohabited with the FF for 3 days then remained physically separated from both females. The Disrupt male’s continuous cohabitation with the FF was disrupted by having him …

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The Design Of The Mosquito And Its Dangers, Alan L. Gillen, Frank Sherwin Aug 2016

The Design Of The Mosquito And Its Dangers, Alan L. Gillen, Frank Sherwin

Faculty Publications and Presentations

Mosquitoes (Family Culicidae) have been the scourge of mankind since the Fall. Although seemingly designed to inflict suffering and pain via rapid reproduction and formidable mouthparts, evidence mounts that this creature was not always the deadly vector it is today. Mosquitoes are currently and have always been pollinators. The majority of their lives they feed on plants, nectar, pollen, and microbes even in today's world. The Zika virus is but the latest of a significant list of pathogens spread by “the world’s most dangerous animal.” In the past, Christians have been involved in key discoveries linking mosquitoes to diseases.

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Theory Of Inclusive Fitness, David C. Queller Aug 2016

Theory Of Inclusive Fitness, David C. Queller

Biology Faculty Research

A review of Social Evolution and Inclusive Fitness Theory: An Introduction. By James A. R. Marshall. Princeton (New Jersey): Princeton University Press. $39.95. xix + 195 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-0-691-16156-3. 2015.

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Investigations Of Storage Root Development In Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz), Yeetoh Chaweewan Aug 2016

Investigations Of Storage Root Development In Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz), Yeetoh Chaweewan

Dissertations

The tropical root crop cassava is cultivated for its large starchy storage roots. Understanding critical processes in root tuberization is essential if improvement programs are to secure future yields for farmers. Studies were undertaken to identify critical components of storage root development at the anatomical and gene expression levels. Two types of roots were identified from greenhouse-grown stem cuttings: basal roots, which develop from the stem cut end and are prolific in nature, and nodal roots, which originate from the region of the buried axillary bud. Only nodal roots develop to produce storage organs. Anatomical sectioning was performed to determine …

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