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Articles 1171 - 1200 of 1751
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Dna Double-Strand Breaks And Telomeres Play Important Roles In Trypanosoma Brucei Antigenic Variation, Bibo Li
Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications
Human-infecting microbial pathogens all face a serious problem of elimination by the host immune response. Antigenic variation is an effective immune evasion mechanism where the pathogen regularly switches its major surface antigen. In many cases, the major surface antigen is encoded by genes from the same gene family, and its expression is strictly monoallelic. Among pathogens that undergo antigenic variation, Trypanosoma brucei (a kinetoplastid), which causes human African trypanosomiasis, Plasmodium falciparum (an apicomplexan), which causes malaria, Pneumocystis jirovecii (a fungus), which causes pneumonia, and Borrelia burgdorferi (a bacterium), which causes Lyme disease, also express their major surface antigens from loci …
Functional Studies Of Ptchd3 During Spermatogensis, Shaimar R. González Morales
Functional Studies Of Ptchd3 During Spermatogensis, Shaimar R. González Morales
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Paracrine factor Desert hedgehog (Dhh) is essential for mouse spermatogenesis. However, the specific receptor of Dhh during spermatogenesis is unknown. This study aims to test the hypothesis that Ptchd3, a male germ cell-specific gene acts as a receptor for Dhh in spermatogenesis. In this study, a transgenic mouse model with Ptchd3 gene deletion was first successfully established. Then, in vivo fertility assay and in vitro analysis were performed on Ptchd3 null mutant male mice. The data obtained from the in vivo fertility experiments indicates that there is no statistical significance in offspring litter number (p-value 0.7973) and litter size (p-value …
Understory Diversity And Composition Drives Carabid Assemblages, Tierney Brosius, Michael Reisner
Understory Diversity And Composition Drives Carabid Assemblages, Tierney Brosius, Michael Reisner
Biology: Faculty Scholarship & Creative Works
Fire suppression has nearly eliminated fire as a disturbance in temperate deciduous forests. Lack of fire is transforming these ecosystems through a positive feedback loop termed mesophication: cool, damp, shady conditions become continually more favorable for a few mesophytic species, while deteriorating for diverse array of heliophytic ones. Disturbances caused by urbanization fragment and degrade remnant forests. In urban settings, human management (or lack thereof) is often a dominate driver of succession. Carabid diversity, understory vegetation, patch size, patch connectivity, and permeable surface area were all examined in multiple forest plots in Rock Island and Moline. The result of this …
Are Circadian Cycles The Dominant Proteome Rhythym In The Intertidal Mussel Mytilus Californianus?, Kristina M. Koster, Cory Elowe, Lars Tomanek
Are Circadian Cycles The Dominant Proteome Rhythym In The Intertidal Mussel Mytilus Californianus?, Kristina M. Koster, Cory Elowe, Lars Tomanek
STAR Program Research Presentations
Mytilus californianus, also known as the California mussel, is a marine bivalve that is abundant along the West coast from Alaska to southern Baja California. They mainly reside in the upper-middle intertidal zone and cling to pier pilings and surf exposed rocks. They create multi-layered beds, which form a habitat for algae and many species of invertebrates. Intertidal mussels live in a naturally dynamic environment. It has previously been reported (Connor and Gracey, 2011) that the 24-hour circadian (day to night) rhythm of the intertidal mussel Mytilus californianus is primarily responsible for its rhythmic gene expression, as opposed to …
Father Convict Cichlids Bite Intruders More Often In Hot Temperatures, Jesse L. Heckendorf
Father Convict Cichlids Bite Intruders More Often In Hot Temperatures, Jesse L. Heckendorf
STAR Program Research Presentations
Convict cichlids (Archocentrus nigrofasciatus) have evolved to be extremely good parents by protecting their brood. Parental care leads to aggressive biting, chasing, and gill flaring to intimidate predators. In this experiment, we show that environmental factors, such as the changing of temperature in this case, affect a male convict cichlid’s aggression toward caring for his offspring when an intruder is introduced. Male convict cichlids attack more in warmer water.
New Crayfish Species Records From The Sipsey Fork Drainage, Including Lewis Smith Reservoir (Alabama, Usa): Native Or Introduced Species?, Susan B. Adams, Craig Roghair, Colin Krause, Melvin L. Warren Jr, J. Allison Cochran, Andy Dolloff,, John Moran, Stuart W. Mcgregor, Guenter A. Schuster, Michael Gangloff, Dennis R. Devries, Michael R. Kendrick, G. Lee Grove, Russell A. Wright
New Crayfish Species Records From The Sipsey Fork Drainage, Including Lewis Smith Reservoir (Alabama, Usa): Native Or Introduced Species?, Susan B. Adams, Craig Roghair, Colin Krause, Melvin L. Warren Jr, J. Allison Cochran, Andy Dolloff,, John Moran, Stuart W. Mcgregor, Guenter A. Schuster, Michael Gangloff, Dennis R. Devries, Michael R. Kendrick, G. Lee Grove, Russell A. Wright
Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research
As part of a study of aquatic faunal community changes along riverine-lacustrine transition zones upstream of Lewis Smith Reservoir in northwest Alabama, USA, we collected crayfish from 60 sites in the Sipsey Fork, Brushy Creek, and selected tributaries (Black Warrior River system). After finding two unexpected and possibly-introduced crayfish species, we expanded our investigation of crayfish distributions to include crayfish obtained from stomachs of black bass ( Micropterus spp.) caught at seven sites in the reservoir. To explore what crayfish species were in the drainage historically, we examined museum databases as well as stomach and intestinal contents of a variety …
Β2m Antibody Is A Suitable Antibody To Detect Major Histocompatibility Complex Class Ι As Well As Α Chain Antibody In Healthy Tissues And Tissues Infected With Mouse Parvovirus 1, Sana Mahmoud Alhawsawi
Β2m Antibody Is A Suitable Antibody To Detect Major Histocompatibility Complex Class Ι As Well As Α Chain Antibody In Healthy Tissues And Tissues Infected With Mouse Parvovirus 1, Sana Mahmoud Alhawsawi
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Major histocompatibility complex-Ι (MHC Ι) is an essential protein located on the plasma membrane of every nucleated cell; it contributes to the immune system's ability to defend against bacteria and virus. MHC Ι displays foreign antigens on the cell surface in a manner that encourages CD8+ T cytotoxic cells (CTLs) to respond against these antigens by killing the infected cells. MHC Ι is composed of two chains: a light chain (β-macroglobulin; β2m) and a heavy chain (α chain with 3 domains). The α chain genes have different haplotypes, dependent on the strain of mouse. H-2Kb/ H-2Db is the gene for …
Molecular Approaches For Improving Desiccation Tolerance: Insights From The Brine Shrimp Artemia Franciscana, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze
Molecular Approaches For Improving Desiccation Tolerance: Insights From The Brine Shrimp Artemia Franciscana, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Main conclusion We have evaluated the endogenous expression and molecular properties of selected Group 3 LEA proteins from Artemia franciscana , and the capacity of selected Groups 1 and 3 proteins transfected into various desiccation-sensitive cell lines to improve tolerance to drying. Organisms inhabiting both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems frequently are confronted with the problem of water loss for multiple reasons—exposure to hypersalinity, evaporative water loss, and restriction of intracellular water due to freezing of extracellular fluids. Seasonal desiccation can become severe and lead to the production of tolerant propagules and entry into the state of anhydrobiosis at various stages …
Purifying And Analyzing Spider Silk Proteins For Commercial Use, Emily Thomas
Purifying And Analyzing Spider Silk Proteins For Commercial Use, Emily Thomas
Biology Posters
No abstract provided.
Survey Of Plant Diseases And Pests In Utah Raspberries, Sean Christensen
Survey Of Plant Diseases And Pests In Utah Raspberries, Sean Christensen
Biology Posters
No abstract provided.
Tackling Cancer By Drug Design, Krista Olsen
Validation Of Rapid And Cheap Field Assessment In Gartersnakes, Landon Fehlberg
Validation Of Rapid And Cheap Field Assessment In Gartersnakes, Landon Fehlberg
Biology Posters
No abstract provided.
Oral Surgery Internship, Taylor Nielsen
Metagenomic Analysis Of Planktonic Microbial Consortia From A Non-Tidal Urban-Impacted Segment Of James River, Bonnie L. Brown, Rebecca V. Leprell, Rima B. Franklin, Maria C. Rivera, Francine M. Cabral, Hugh L. Eaves, Vicki Gardiakos, Kevin P. Keegan, Timothy L. King
Metagenomic Analysis Of Planktonic Microbial Consortia From A Non-Tidal Urban-Impacted Segment Of James River, Bonnie L. Brown, Rebecca V. Leprell, Rima B. Franklin, Maria C. Rivera, Francine M. Cabral, Hugh L. Eaves, Vicki Gardiakos, Kevin P. Keegan, Timothy L. King
Biology Publications
Knowledge of the diversity and ecological function of the microbial consortia of James River in Virginia, USA, is essential to developing a more complete understanding of the ecology of this model river system. Metagenomic analysis of James River's planktonic microbial community was performed for the first time using an unamplified genomic library and a 16S rDNA amplicon library prepared and sequenced by Ion PGM and MiSeq, respectively. From the 0.46-Gb WGS library (GenBank:SRR1146621; MG-RAST:4532156.3), 4 × 10 6 reads revealed >3 × 10 6 genes, 240 families of prokaryotes, and 155 families of eukaryotes. From the 0.68-Gb 16S library (GenBank:SRR2124995; …
Heterologous Expression And Purification Of Porcine Fat Mass Andobesity-Associated Gene In Escherichia Coli, Bo Zhou, Xiaoling Chen, Zhiqing Huang, Gang Jia, Guangmang Liu
Heterologous Expression And Purification Of Porcine Fat Mass Andobesity-Associated Gene In Escherichia Coli, Bo Zhou, Xiaoling Chen, Zhiqing Huang, Gang Jia, Guangmang Liu
Turkish Journal of Biology
A porcine fat mass and obesity-associated gene (pFTO) was cloned into the expression vector pET30a(+) and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The effects of isopropyl ß-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration and induction time on the expression of recombinant pFTO were assessed. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the molecular mass of the recombinant pFTO protein was about 56 kDa, and the recombinant protein could be induced efficiently in E. coli BL21 by the addition of 0.75 mM IPTG for 4 h at 30 °C. The recombinant pFTO fusion protein was purified using Ni-IDA affinity chromatography with a yield of about 1.8 …
In Vitro High Frequency Regeneration Through Apical Shoot Proliferation Of Hemianthus Callitrichoides `Cuba' - A Multipurpose Ornamental Aquatic Plant, Surendra Barpete, Sancar Fati̇h Özcan, Muhammad Aasim, Sebahatti̇n Özcan
In Vitro High Frequency Regeneration Through Apical Shoot Proliferation Of Hemianthus Callitrichoides `Cuba' - A Multipurpose Ornamental Aquatic Plant, Surendra Barpete, Sancar Fati̇h Özcan, Muhammad Aasim, Sebahatti̇n Özcan
Turkish Journal of Biology
Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' is an ornamental aquatic plant used in water gardens and phytoremediation. A protocol for its rapid and reproducible shoot organogenesis from apical shoot explants was developed. Optimum culture conditions for shoot proliferation were tested in MS media containing different concentrations of 6-($\gamma$,$\gamma$-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1-phenyl-3-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea (TDZ), and gibberellic acid (GA3). Plant growth regulators significantly (P ≤ 0.001) affected the diameter, area, and fresh weight of shoot clumps. On the basis of plant growth, the maximum shoot diameter (3.06 cm), area (6.12 cm), and clump weight (2.85 g) of apical shoots were achieved on MS medium …
Analysis Of Structure And Differential Expression Of Pseudomonas Syringae 5-Like(Rps5-Like) Genes In Pathogen-Infected Vitis Flexuosa, Md. Zaherul Islam, Soon Young Ahn, Hae Keun Yun
Analysis Of Structure And Differential Expression Of Pseudomonas Syringae 5-Like(Rps5-Like) Genes In Pathogen-Infected Vitis Flexuosa, Md. Zaherul Islam, Soon Young Ahn, Hae Keun Yun
Turkish Journal of Biology
No abstract provided.
Commentary: Yawning, Acute Stressors, And Arousal Reduction In Nazca Booby Adults And Nestlings, Andrew C. Gallup, Anne B. Clark
Commentary: Yawning, Acute Stressors, And Arousal Reduction In Nazca Booby Adults And Nestlings, Andrew C. Gallup, Anne B. Clark
Biological Sciences Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
High-Quality Permanent Draft Genome Sequence Of Bradyrhizobium Sp Ai1a-2; A Microsymbiont Of Andira Inermis Discovered In Costa Rica, Rui Tian, Matthew Parker, Rekha Seshadri, T. B.K. Reddy, Victor Markowitz, Natalia Ivanova, Amrita Pati, Tanja Woyke, Mohammed Baeshen, Nabih Baeshen, Nikos Kyrpides, Wayne Reeve
High-Quality Permanent Draft Genome Sequence Of Bradyrhizobium Sp Ai1a-2; A Microsymbiont Of Andira Inermis Discovered In Costa Rica, Rui Tian, Matthew Parker, Rekha Seshadri, T. B.K. Reddy, Victor Markowitz, Natalia Ivanova, Amrita Pati, Tanja Woyke, Mohammed Baeshen, Nabih Baeshen, Nikos Kyrpides, Wayne Reeve
Biological Sciences Faculty Scholarship
Bradyrhizobium sp. Ai1a-2 is is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that was isolated from an effective nitrogen fixing root nodule of Andira inermis collected from Tres Piedras in Costa Rica. In this report we describe, for the first time, the genome sequence information and annotation of this legume microsymbiont. The 9,029,266 bp genome has a GC content of 62.56% with 247 contigs arranged into 246 scaffolds. The assembled genome contains 8,482 protein-coding genes and 102 RNA-only encoding genes. This rhizobial genome was sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Genomic Encyclopedia for Bacteria and Archaea-Root Nodule …
Smoking Accelerates Pancreatic Cancer Progression By Promoting Differentiation Of Mdscs And Inducing Hb-Egf Expression In Macrophages, S. Kumar, M. P. Torres, S. Kaur, S. Rachagani, S. Joshi, S. L. Johansson, N. Momi, M. J. Baine, Christine E. Cutucache, L. M. Smith, T. A. Wyatt, M. Jain, S. S. Joshi, S. K. Batra
Smoking Accelerates Pancreatic Cancer Progression By Promoting Differentiation Of Mdscs And Inducing Hb-Egf Expression In Macrophages, S. Kumar, M. P. Torres, S. Kaur, S. Rachagani, S. Joshi, S. L. Johansson, N. Momi, M. J. Baine, Christine E. Cutucache, L. M. Smith, T. A. Wyatt, M. Jain, S. S. Joshi, S. K. Batra
Biology Faculty Publications
Smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer (PC), but late diagnosis limits the evaluation of its mechanistic role in the progression of PC. We used a well-established genetically engineered mouse model (LSL-K-rasG12D) of PC to elucidate the role of smoking during initiation and development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). The 10-week-old floxed mice (K-rasG12D; Pdx-1cre) and their control unfloxed (LSL-K-rasG12D) littermates were exposed to cigarette smoke (total suspended particles: 150 mg/m3) for 20 weeks. Smoke exposure significantly accelerated the development of PanIN lesions in the floxed mice, which correlated with tenfold increase in the expression of cytokeratin19. The …
Heterozygosity For A Hypomorphic Polβ Mutation Reduces The Expansion Frequency In A Mouse Model Of The Fragile X-Related Disorders, Rachel Adihe Lokanga, Ali Senejani, Joann B. Sweasy, Karen Usdin
Heterozygosity For A Hypomorphic Polβ Mutation Reduces The Expansion Frequency In A Mouse Model Of The Fragile X-Related Disorders, Rachel Adihe Lokanga, Ali Senejani, Joann B. Sweasy, Karen Usdin
Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications
The Fragile X-related disorders (FXDs) are members of the Repeat Expansion Diseases, a group of human genetic conditions resulting from expansion of a specific tandem repeat. The FXDs result from expansion of a CGG/CCG repeat tract in the 5’ UTR of the FMR1 gene. While expansion in a FXD mouse model is known to require some mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, our previous work and work in mouse models of another Repeat Expansion Disease show that early events in the base excision repair (BER) pathway play a role in the expansion process. One model for repeat expansion proposes that a non-canonical …
Mechanisms Of Pluripotency And Epigenetic Reprogramming In Primordial Germ Cells: Lessons For The Conversion Of Other Cell Types Into The Stem Cell Lineage, Suresh Palamadai Krishnan
Mechanisms Of Pluripotency And Epigenetic Reprogramming In Primordial Germ Cells: Lessons For The Conversion Of Other Cell Types Into The Stem Cell Lineage, Suresh Palamadai Krishnan
Turkish Journal of Biology
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) provide an excellent tool to better understand ancestor?descendent relationships as well as the efficiency and molecular mechanisms governing pluripotency in the reprogramming of somatic cells, since the latter type of cells have a relatively lower efficiency of conversion to pluripotent cells. This kind of comparison has gained credence from the commonalities regarding the expression of key transcription factors such as octamer-binding transcriptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_factor factor-4 (Oct3/4), SRY-related HMG box (Sox2), myelocytomatosis (c-Myc), and Nanog, as well as redundancy in terms of Kruppel-like factor 2 (Klf2), Kruppel-like factor 5 (Klf5), estrogen-related receptor beta (Esrrb), and estrogen-related receptor gamma (Esrrg) …
Organ-Specific Antioxidant Defenses And Ft-Ir Spectroscopy Of Muscles In Crucian Carp (Carassius Auratus Gibelio) Exposed To Environmental Pb2+, Sher Ali Khan, Xiaoyu Liu, Hong Li, Wenting Fan, Bakht Ramin Shah, Jingna Li, Lu Zhang, Suyan Chen, Sher Bahadar Khan
Organ-Specific Antioxidant Defenses And Ft-Ir Spectroscopy Of Muscles In Crucian Carp (Carassius Auratus Gibelio) Exposed To Environmental Pb2+, Sher Ali Khan, Xiaoyu Liu, Hong Li, Wenting Fan, Bakht Ramin Shah, Jingna Li, Lu Zhang, Suyan Chen, Sher Bahadar Khan
Turkish Journal of Biology
Being a nonessential element, lead (Pb2+) can be toxic in trace amounts for freshwater fish. The present study was designed to evaluate the induction of oxidative stress, tissue-specific antioxidant response, acetyl cholinesterase (AchE) activities, and biochemical content of muscle in Crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) after 96 h of acute exposure and 21 days of chronic exposure to various environmental concentrations (5, 10, and 30 µg L-1) of waterborne Pb2+. The results indicated that exposure to 10 and 30 µg L-1 Pb2+ significantly altered the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in different tissues, while malondialdehyde content increased …
Marker-Assisted Selection For Rice Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata Lugens)Resistance Using Linked Ssr Markers, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Mohd Rafii Yusop, Sadegh Ashkani, Mohamed Hanafi Musa, Nur Azura Adam, Iffah Haifa, Abdul Rahim Harun, Mohammad Abdul Latif
Marker-Assisted Selection For Rice Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata Lugens)Resistance Using Linked Ssr Markers, Mahmoodreza Shabanimofrad, Mohd Rafii Yusop, Sadegh Ashkani, Mohamed Hanafi Musa, Nur Azura Adam, Iffah Haifa, Abdul Rahim Harun, Mohammad Abdul Latif
Turkish Journal of Biology
No abstract provided.
Understanding Host-Switching By Ecological Fitting, Sabrina B. L. Araujo, Mariana Pires Braga, Daniel R. Brooks, Salvatore J. Agosta, Eric P. Hoberg, Francisco W. Von Hartenthal, Walter A. Boeger
Understanding Host-Switching By Ecological Fitting, Sabrina B. L. Araujo, Mariana Pires Braga, Daniel R. Brooks, Salvatore J. Agosta, Eric P. Hoberg, Francisco W. Von Hartenthal, Walter A. Boeger
Biology Publications
Despite the fact that parasites are highly specialized with respect to their hosts, empirical evidence demonstrates that host switching rather than co-speciation is the dominant factor influencing the diversification of host-parasite associations. Ecological fitting in sloppy fitness space has been proposed as a mechanism allowing ecological specialists to host-switch readily. That proposal is tested herein using an individual-based model of host switching. The model considers a parasite species exposed to multiple host resources. Through time host range expansion can occur readily without the prior evolution of novel genetic capacities. It also produces non-linear variation in the size of the fitness …
Host-Plant Preference Of Megacopta Cribraria, Taylor Upole
Host-Plant Preference Of Megacopta Cribraria, Taylor Upole
The Corinthian
The purpose of this study was to examine the host plant preferences of M. cribraria. We first hypothesized that M. cribraria prefers its native host plant when given the choice between kudzu and soybeans. If M. cribraria prefers kudzu over soybeans, it may indicate that M. cribraria could be an effective biological control agent for kudzu. We also wanted to determine if M. cribraria prefers soybean plants inoculated with nitrogen fixing rhizobia over non-inoculated soybean plants. Our hypothesis is that M. cribraria will prefer the inoculated soybeans to the non-inoculated soybeans due to the increased nitrogen.
Apoptotic Effect Of Cordycepin On A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line, Hardeep Singh Tuli, Gaurav Kumar, Sardul Singh Sandhu, Anil Kumar Sharma, Dharmbir Kashyap
Apoptotic Effect Of Cordycepin On A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line, Hardeep Singh Tuli, Gaurav Kumar, Sardul Singh Sandhu, Anil Kumar Sharma, Dharmbir Kashyap
Turkish Journal of Biology
Cordycepin, an active ingredient in the insect fungus Cordyceps militaris, is in a category of compounds that exhibit significant therapeutic activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cordycepin on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle in A549 human lung cancer cells. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of cordycepin on A549 cell growth. Apoptotic effect was observed using cell morphology, DAPI staining, and DNA fragmentation studies. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis was used to analyze cell cycle status after cordycepin treatment. Furthermore, apoptosis was assayed using annexin V-Alexa Fluor 488. Results of …
Do Female Guppies Prefer Orange-Tailed Males Over Yellow-Tailed Males During Mate Choice As A Result Of Sexual Selection, Ivy Bias, Henry Linford, Miles Brooks, Ian Gates
Do Female Guppies Prefer Orange-Tailed Males Over Yellow-Tailed Males During Mate Choice As A Result Of Sexual Selection, Ivy Bias, Henry Linford, Miles Brooks, Ian Gates
Biology Posters
No abstract provided.
Production Of Phycocyanobilin From Spirulina, Matthew Argiro, Jon Takemoto, Dong Chen
Production Of Phycocyanobilin From Spirulina, Matthew Argiro, Jon Takemoto, Dong Chen
Biology Posters
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Soil Nitrogen Rates & Neighboring Crops On Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Populations, Harlie M.D. Hutchinson, Diane G. Alston
Effects Of Soil Nitrogen Rates & Neighboring Crops On Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Populations, Harlie M.D. Hutchinson, Diane G. Alston
Biology Posters
No abstract provided.