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2014

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Articles 1501 - 1530 of 1587

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Effect Of Gamma Ray Irradiation And Cryopreservation On Pollen Stainability, In Vitro Germination, And Fruit Set In Citrus, Manoj Kundu, Anil Dubey, Manish Srivastav, Surendra Malik, Bhupinder Singh Jan 2014

Effect Of Gamma Ray Irradiation And Cryopreservation On Pollen Stainability, In Vitro Germination, And Fruit Set In Citrus, Manoj Kundu, Anil Dubey, Manish Srivastav, Surendra Malik, Bhupinder Singh

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present work analyzed the stainability and in vitro germinability of the gamma-ray-irradiated fresh and cryopreserved pollens of 3 Citrus species: C. limon, C. limetta, and C. sinensis. Fruit set after pollinating 75 flowers of C. grandis with irradiated and nonirradiated (control) fresh and cryopreserved pollen was also assessed. Results showed that in solid and liquid culture media the highest in vitro germination values were detected in fresh (61.45% and 62.53%, respectively) as well as cryopreserved (53.17% and 55.36%, respectively) C. sinensis nonirradiated pollens. However, at a higher irradiation dose of 500 Gy in both culture media, the minimum reduction …

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Ex Situ Conservation Of Dianthus Giganteus D’Urv. Subsp. Banaticus (Heuff.) Tutin By In Vitro Culture And Assessment Of Somaclonal Variability By Molecular Markers, Liliana Jarda, Anca Butiuc Keul, Maria Hohn, Andrzej Pedryc, Victoria Cristea Jan 2014

Ex Situ Conservation Of Dianthus Giganteus D’Urv. Subsp. Banaticus (Heuff.) Tutin By In Vitro Culture And Assessment Of Somaclonal Variability By Molecular Markers, Liliana Jarda, Anca Butiuc Keul, Maria Hohn, Andrzej Pedryc, Victoria Cristea

Turkish Journal of Biology

Ex situ conservation of Dianthus giganteus subsp. banaticus was obtained by in vitro culture on different culture media supplemented with phytohormones. Assessment of somaclonal variability over a period of preservation by in vitro culture is required prior to introduction and acclimatization in natural habitats. In this study we used 2 types of molecular markers, ISSR and multilocus SSR markers, which allow comparison of different alleles, to assess the somaclonal variability of endemic taxa Dianthus giganteus subsp. banaticus after a period of 24 months of preservation by in vitro culture. The assessment of somaclonal variability of D. giganteus subsp. banaticus shows …

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Genotoxic Effects Of Zinc Oxide And Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles On Root Meristem Cells Of Allium Cepa By Comet Assay, Eşref Demi̇r, Nuray Kaya, Bülent Kaya Jan 2014

Genotoxic Effects Of Zinc Oxide And Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles On Root Meristem Cells Of Allium Cepa By Comet Assay, Eşref Demi̇r, Nuray Kaya, Bülent Kaya

Turkish Journal of Biology

Nanogenotoxicity is an emergent field, relevant for estimating the potential genotoxic risk of nanomaterials. In this study we investigated the genotoxic potential of zinc oxide (ZnO, Keywords: Zinc oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, Allium cepa, comet assay, genotoxicity, DNA damage

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Development Of An Improved Rna Interference Vector System For Agrobacterium-Mediated Plant Transformation, Umut Toprak, Cathy Coutu, Doug Baldwin, Martin Erlandson, Dwayne Hegedus Jan 2014

Development Of An Improved Rna Interference Vector System For Agrobacterium-Mediated Plant Transformation, Umut Toprak, Cathy Coutu, Doug Baldwin, Martin Erlandson, Dwayne Hegedus

Turkish Journal of Biology

Plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) has shown a great potential in pest control and requires i) subcloning of sense/antisense regions in compatible vectors, ii) transfer of the silencing cassette into a binary vector, iii) transformation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with desired binary plasmids, and iv) transformation of plants with Agrobacterium. The procedure is long and should ensure plasmid backbone stability; however, plasmid recombination due to antibiotic selection is a common problem. pGSA1252 is an RNAi silencing binary vector allowing direct cloning of hairpin structure; however, it possesses a chloramphenicol selection marker leading to plasmid recombination in various Agrobacterium strains. To solve this …

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The Genus Crocus, Series Crocus (Iridaceae) In Turkey And 2 East Aegean Islands: A Genetic Approach, Osman Erol, Hi̇lal Betül Kaya, Levent Şik, Meti̇n Tuna, Levent Can, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç Jan 2014

The Genus Crocus, Series Crocus (Iridaceae) In Turkey And 2 East Aegean Islands: A Genetic Approach, Osman Erol, Hi̇lal Betül Kaya, Levent Şik, Meti̇n Tuna, Levent Can, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, a total of 26 Crocus specimens from different locations across Turkey and 2 East Aegean islands (Chios and Samos) were analyzed using 12 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations to obtain information on genetic diversity, population structure, and genetic relationships. A total of 369 polymorphic AFLP bands were generated and scored as binary data. Genetic similarities were determined. Cluster analysis revealed 4 major groups among the 26 genotypes examined in this study. The nuclear DNA contents (2C) of the 26 Crocus specimens were found to range from 5.08 pg in C. asumaniae to 9.75 pg in …

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Molecular Characterization Of The Encoding Regions And Tissue Expression Analyses For 3 Novel Buffalo Akt Genes, Akt1, Akt2, And Akt3, Chunfeng Wu, Lixian Liu, Jinlong Huo, Dalin Li, Yueyun Yuan, Feng Yuan, Yongwang Miao Jan 2014

Molecular Characterization Of The Encoding Regions And Tissue Expression Analyses For 3 Novel Buffalo Akt Genes, Akt1, Akt2, And Akt3, Chunfeng Wu, Lixian Liu, Jinlong Huo, Dalin Li, Yueyun Yuan, Feng Yuan, Yongwang Miao

Turkish Journal of Biology

The objective of this study was to obtain the complete coding sequences (CDSs) of 3 buffalo genes (AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3) using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and to depict their molecular characterizations and tissue expression patterns in buffalo. The buffalo AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 CDSs were 1443 bp, 1446 bp, and 1440 bp in length and encoded 480, 481, and 479 amino acids, respectively. Nine, 13, and 3 nucleotide differences were found in the CDSs between buffalo and other bovine species. Phylogenetic analyses showed that buffalo AKT1 and AKT2 have close genetic relationships with other species in the family Bovidae, …

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In Vitro Micropropagation From Immature Embryos Of The Endemic And Endangered Muscari Muscarimi Medik., Sati Uzun, İskender Parmaksiz, Serkan Uranbey, Semra Mi̇ri̇ci̇, Ercüment Osman Sarihan, Ari̇f İpek, Mehmet Demi̇r Kaya, Bi̇lal Gürbüz, Neşet Arslan, Cengi̇z Sancak, Khalid Mahmood Khawar, Sebahatti̇n Özcan Jan 2014

In Vitro Micropropagation From Immature Embryos Of The Endemic And Endangered Muscari Muscarimi Medik., Sati Uzun, İskender Parmaksiz, Serkan Uranbey, Semra Mi̇ri̇ci̇, Ercüment Osman Sarihan, Ari̇f İpek, Mehmet Demi̇r Kaya, Bi̇lal Gürbüz, Neşet Arslan, Cengi̇z Sancak, Khalid Mahmood Khawar, Sebahatti̇n Özcan

Turkish Journal of Biology

An efficient in vitro bulblet production procedure from immature zygotic embryos of endemic and endangered Muscari muscarimi Medik. was described in the current study. Zygotic embryos were first isolated from immature seeds and cultured on different nutrient media compositions supplemented with various combinations of \alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), picloram, dicamba, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and thidiazuron (TDZ). The best bulblet regeneration (59 bulblets per explant) was achieved in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 4 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L NAA after 1 year of culture initiation. Regenerated bulblets were then transferred into MS medium without plant growth regulators for rooting. Bulblets …

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A Comparative Study On Plant Morphology, Gas Exchange Parameters, And Antioxidant Response Of Ocimum Basilicum L. And Origanum Vulgare L. Grown On Industrially Polluted Soil, Ira Stancheva, Maria Geneva, Yuliana Markovska, Nikolina Tzvetkova, Ivanka Mitova, Milka Todorova, Petar Petrov Jan 2014

A Comparative Study On Plant Morphology, Gas Exchange Parameters, And Antioxidant Response Of Ocimum Basilicum L. And Origanum Vulgare L. Grown On Industrially Polluted Soil, Ira Stancheva, Maria Geneva, Yuliana Markovska, Nikolina Tzvetkova, Ivanka Mitova, Milka Todorova, Petar Petrov

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effects of Cd, Pb, and Zn uptake on plant morphology, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant potential, and essential oil yield and quality in Ocimum basilicum L. and Origanum vulgare L. plants were evaluated. The plants were grown as a pot experiment in soil heavily polluted with Cd and Pb and on unpolluted soil. Both plants accumulated Cd, mainly in the roots, while Pb occurred in the oregano shoots only. The leaf blade thickness of both plants increased when grown in polluted soil. Basil plants responded to the action of heavy metals with increases in gas exchange, stomatal conductivity, and transpiration, but …

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Reactive Dye Decolorization Activity Of Crude Laccase Enzyme From Repeated-Batch Culture Of Funalia Trogii, Özfer Yeşi̇lada, Emre Bi̇rhanli, Si̇nem Ercan, Nesri̇n Özmen Jan 2014

Reactive Dye Decolorization Activity Of Crude Laccase Enzyme From Repeated-Batch Culture Of Funalia Trogii, Özfer Yeşi̇lada, Emre Bi̇rhanli, Si̇nem Ercan, Nesri̇n Özmen

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effect of various factors on dye decolorization activity of crude laccase enzyme from repeated-batch culture of Funalia trogii ATCC 200800 to obtain rapid and high decolorization activity against Reactive Black 5 and Reactive Blue 171 dyes was investigated. All conditions used were important for dye decolorizing activity of this crude laccase enzyme. The optimum pH of decolorization was tested at 30 °C and it was around 3.0. This activity was highly reduced at pH 4.5-6.0. On the other hand, the optimum temperature for rapid and high decolorization was 50 °C. Importantly, the decolorization rate of crude laccase at pH …

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Cloning, Expression, And Characterization Of A Novel Ctp Synthase Gene From Anoxybacillus Gonensis G2, Cemal Sandalli, Ayşegül Saral, Serdar Ülker, Hakan Karaoğlu, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz, Ayşegül Çopur Çi̇çek Jan 2014

Cloning, Expression, And Characterization Of A Novel Ctp Synthase Gene From Anoxybacillus Gonensis G2, Cemal Sandalli, Ayşegül Saral, Serdar Ülker, Hakan Karaoğlu, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz, Ayşegül Çopur Çi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Biology

The cytidine-5'-triphosphate (CTP) synthase (EC 6.4.3.2) gene (pyrG) was cloned and sequenced from the thermophilic bacterium Anoxybacillus gonensis G2 (Ago). The gene is 1590 bp in length and encodes a protein of 530 amino acids, with a molecular mass of 59.5 kDa. The amino acid sequence of CTP synthase shares approximately 90%-94% similarity to Bacillus sp., and it belongs to the triad glutamine amidotransferases, which utilize a Cys-His-Glu triad for activity. Multiple sequence alignments revealed that the enzyme includes conserved amino acids responsible for catalytic activity and the binding of a divalent metal ion (Mg^{+2}). AgoCTP synthase (AgoG2CTPs) was overproduced …

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A Simple Guanidinium Isothiocyanate Method For Bacterial Genomic Dna Isolation, Erkan Mozi̇oğlu, Müslüm Akgöz, Candan Tamerler, Zühtü Tanil Kocagöz Jan 2014

A Simple Guanidinium Isothiocyanate Method For Bacterial Genomic Dna Isolation, Erkan Mozi̇oğlu, Müslüm Akgöz, Candan Tamerler, Zühtü Tanil Kocagöz

Turkish Journal of Biology

A high-quality and low-cost genomic DNA isolation method is needed for use in microbiology laboratories. In this study, we developed a new modified guanidinium isothiocyanate method to isolate DNA from Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus and compared it with 4 other DNA isolation methods. The results show that the modified guanidinium isothiocyanate method developed in our laboratory is simple, fast, and inexpensive and yields DNA whose quality and quantity are similar to that of 2 commercial extraction kits but far better than 2 conventional DNA extraction methods used for comparison.

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Defense Enzyme Activities And Biochemical Variations Of Pelargonium Zonale In Response To Nanosilver Application And Dark Storage, Mehrnaz Hatami, Mansour Ghorbanpour Jan 2014

Defense Enzyme Activities And Biochemical Variations Of Pelargonium Zonale In Response To Nanosilver Application And Dark Storage, Mehrnaz Hatami, Mansour Ghorbanpour

Turkish Journal of Biology

Pelargonium petal abscission and ethylene-induced leaf senescence are major problems that reduce the longevity of plants. This study was carried out to determine the poststorage influence of nanosilver (NS) particle (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg L^{-1}) application during dark storage period on chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, leaf protein and ethylene concentration, petal abscission, membrane stability index (MSI), and enzyme activity including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and \BETA-glucosidase (\BETA-GLU) in two Pelargonium pot plants of the cultivars Flowerfairy and Foxi. Enhanced photosynthetic pigment contents were recorded in leaves of both …

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Comprehensive Analysis Of Beta-Galactosidase Protein In Plants Based On Arabidopsis Thaliana, Samin Seddigh, Maryam Darabi Jan 2014

Comprehensive Analysis Of Beta-Galactosidase Protein In Plants Based On Arabidopsis Thaliana, Samin Seddigh, Maryam Darabi

Turkish Journal of Biology

Beta-galactosidases (\BETAgals) (EC 3.2.1.23) have been detected in a wide range of plant organs and tissues and are described by their ability to hydrolyze terminal nonreducing \BETA-D-galactosyl residues from \BETA-D-galactosides. In this study, 92 \BETAgal protein sequences from different plants, 7 animal samples including human and mouse, 3 samples from bacteria including Escherichia coli, and 4 samples from insects including Drosophila melanogaster were aligned. Sequences were analyzed by computational tools to predict the protein properties, such as molecular mass, isoelectric point, signal peptide, motifs, transmembrane domain, and secondary and spatial structure. Protein structure analysis revealed there is a high identity …

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Temperature-Induced Stress Response In Lymantria Dispar Neurosecretory Neurons, Larisa Ilijin, Milena Vlahovic, Vesna Peric Mataruga, Ivana Kmetic, Anja Gavrilovic, Dragana Matic, Marija Mrdakovic Jan 2014

Temperature-Induced Stress Response In Lymantria Dispar Neurosecretory Neurons, Larisa Ilijin, Milena Vlahovic, Vesna Peric Mataruga, Ivana Kmetic, Anja Gavrilovic, Dragana Matic, Marija Mrdakovic

Turkish Journal of Biology

The release of neurosecretory material from A2 neurosecretory neurons (NSNs) was stimulated in Lymantria dispar fourth instar caterpillars exposed to a temperature of 35 °C for 1, 12, and 24 h, as well as those allowed recover after exposure (12 h at 35 °C, then 12 h at 23 °C). The levels of 2 protein forms with the same molecular mass as bombyxin (3-4 and 4-5 kDa) increased with prolonged exposure to 35 °C. The second band was present only in the groups exposed to this stressor. There was intensified synthetic activity and a low level of secretion in L2' …

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The Modeled Structures Of Deg5 And Deg8 Proteases In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Liangbing Chen, Qingzhi Li, Lili Li Jan 2014

The Modeled Structures Of Deg5 And Deg8 Proteases In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Liangbing Chen, Qingzhi Li, Lili Li

Turkish Journal of Biology

Deg5 and Deg8 are chloroplastic proteases found in Arabidopsis thaliana. These proteases participate in the repair of photosystem II. However, little information exists on the structures of Deg5 and Deg8. Here, the Deg5 and Deg8 structures were modeled using the SWISS-MODEL tool with Deg1 as the structural template. Deg5 was composed of only 1 domain, a protease domain. The catalytic triad of Deg5, which comprises His147, Asp188, and Ser266, was located in the cleft between 2 \beta-barrels. Deg8 was composed of a protease domain at the N-terminal and a PDZ domain at the C-terminal. The catalytic triad of Deg8, which …

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Purification And Characterization Of An Antibacterial Substance Produced By Pest-Originated Serratia Marcescens Mm3, Serpi̇l Uğraş, Kazim Sezen, Hati̇ce Kati, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ Jan 2014

Purification And Characterization Of An Antibacterial Substance Produced By Pest-Originated Serratia Marcescens Mm3, Serpi̇l Uğraş, Kazim Sezen, Hati̇ce Kati, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of this investigation was to determine, purify, and characterize an antibacterial substance produced by Serratia marcescens Mm3 (Sm-Mm3) isolated from a common pest of hazelnut in Turkey, Melolontha melolontha, which is also a significant pest all over the world. A highly active antibacterial substance produced by Sm-Mm3 was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively, and identified by spectrometric analysis (TOF-MS). Finally, we showed that this molecule is heat-stable, stable in the pH range of 5-9, and insensitive to organic solvents and proteinase K. The molecular mass was determined as 479 Da. Plasmid elimination demonstrated …

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Serum Leptin Profiles, Food Intake, And Body Weight In Melatonin-Implanted Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus Auratus) Exposed To Long And Short Photoperiods, Bülent Gündüz Jan 2014

Serum Leptin Profiles, Food Intake, And Body Weight In Melatonin-Implanted Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus Auratus) Exposed To Long And Short Photoperiods, Bülent Gündüz

Turkish Journal of Biology

We have shown that circadian changes in leptin concentrations are inversely linked to circulating melatonin levels in the Syrian hamster. The present study aimed to assess the effects of subcutaneous melatonin implants under different photoperiodic conditions: did the implants affect serum leptin levels, body weight, food consumption, and/or testicular weight? Male hamsters were exposed to long and short photoperiods for 10 weeks and received subcutaneous melatonin implants (1 mg in 24 mg beeswax) every 2 weeks. Blood samples were collected every week at midday (1200 hours) or midnight (0000 hours) to assess leptin and melatonin concentrations. Testes were measured to …

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Improvement In Tolerance To Salt Stress During Tomato Cultivation, Mustafa Demi̇rkaya Jan 2014

Improvement In Tolerance To Salt Stress During Tomato Cultivation, Mustafa Demi̇rkaya

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was conducted to evaluate the physiological impact of seed priming on improving the salt tolerance of tomato cultivars H-2274 and Rio Grande. Tomato seeds were primed with 5 M NaCl solution at 20 °C for 3 days in a dark environment. The seeds of the control treatments were handled in a similar way, using tap water instead of NaCl solution. After the priming procedure, seeds were washed and sown in standard germination trays. From each treatment group, 21 homogeneous seedlings were transplanted into 10-L pots full of turf for subsequent salinity experiments. In order to avoid osmotic shock, …

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Transgenic Nicotiana Tabacum Cultivar Samsun Plants Carrying The Wild Sugar Beet Hs1pro1 Gene Have Resistance To Root-Knot Nematodes, Çağla Sönmez, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l Elekci̇oğlu, Ayşe Meral Yücel, Hüseyi̇n Avni̇ Öktem Jan 2014

Transgenic Nicotiana Tabacum Cultivar Samsun Plants Carrying The Wild Sugar Beet Hs1pro1 Gene Have Resistance To Root-Knot Nematodes, Çağla Sönmez, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l Elekci̇oğlu, Ayşe Meral Yücel, Hüseyi̇n Avni̇ Öktem

Turkish Journal of Biology

Nematodes are the principal animal parasites of plants, causing annual crop losses of more than US$100 billion worldwide. Conventional control measures against nematode infection include toxic nematicide application to soil, crop rotation practices, and classical breeding approaches. However, due to the limitations of each technique, biotechnology presents itself as an effective alternative in nematode control. To date, several resistance genes against nematodes have been cloned. One such gene, Hs1^{pro1}, cloned from wild sugar beet, Beta procumbens, shows resistance to the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Recent studies showed that Hs1^{pro1} has a broad target pathogen range. In this study, we transformed …

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Soil And Foliar Application Of Potassium Enhances Fruit Yield And Quality Of Tomato Under Salinity, Muhammad Amjad, Javaid Akhtar, Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq, Shakeel Imran, Sven-Erik Jacobsen Jan 2014

Soil And Foliar Application Of Potassium Enhances Fruit Yield And Quality Of Tomato Under Salinity, Muhammad Amjad, Javaid Akhtar, Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq, Shakeel Imran, Sven-Erik Jacobsen

Turkish Journal of Biology

Potassium plays a key role in the survival of plants under saline conditions in mitigating the adverse effects of sodium. The effect of application of potassium to soil (0, 3.3, and 6.6 mmol/kg) and leaves (4.5 and 9 mM) on tomato yield and quality under 3 salinity treatments (0, 7.5, and 15 dS m^{-1}), using 2 salt-tolerant (Indent-1 and Nagina) and 2 salt-sensitive (Peto-86 and Red Ball) genotypes, was studied in a pot experiment. Salinity decreased growth and yield of all genotypes; however, salt-tolerant genotypes maintained better growth and produced higher yield than the salt-sensitive genotypes across all salinity levels. …

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Does Cyp1a1 Gene Polymorphism Affect Cell Damage Biomarkers And Ageing?, Sima Ataollahi Eshkoor, Patimah Ismail, Sabariah Abd Rahman Jan 2014

Does Cyp1a1 Gene Polymorphism Affect Cell Damage Biomarkers And Ageing?, Sima Ataollahi Eshkoor, Patimah Ismail, Sabariah Abd Rahman

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study aimed to investigate the effects of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) gene polymorphism on early ageing due to occupational exposure to mutagens. The project was conducted on buccal epithelial cells collected from mechanical-workshop workers and controls. Epithelial cells were obtained from the inner part of the cheeks. Techniques including comet assay, micronuclei test, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction were used to assess DNA damage biomarkers. The results showed that there was a significant difference in relative telomere length (P = 0.039) between wild and mutated genotypes among all individuals. Furthermore, occupational exposure showed …

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Identification And Expression Profiling Of Clcuv-Responsive Transcripts In Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.), Beenish Aftab, Muhammad Naveed Shahid, Sania Riaz, Adil Jamal, Bahaeldeen Babiker Mohamed, Muzna Zahur, Mahwish Aftab, Bushra Rashid, Tayyab Husnain Jan 2014

Identification And Expression Profiling Of Clcuv-Responsive Transcripts In Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.), Beenish Aftab, Muhammad Naveed Shahid, Sania Riaz, Adil Jamal, Bahaeldeen Babiker Mohamed, Muzna Zahur, Mahwish Aftab, Bushra Rashid, Tayyab Husnain

Turkish Journal of Biology

CLCuV is one of the most serious causes of cotton damage for which no adequate remedy is available. The possible solution to this problem may be the transfer of resistant genes into the background of agronomical CLCuV-tolerant varieties. In response to viral infection, several plants may show qualitative and quantitative variations in gene expression. To study gene expression between diseased and tolerant plants, DDRT-PCR was performed. Upregulated gene expression was observed among cDNA transcripts screened through random primers. Seven transcripts have significant homology with known proteins (ribosomal protein, photosystem protein unit, membrane protein, and a predicted hypothetical protein). Quantitative real-time …

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In Vitro Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, And Oxidative Effects Of Acyclic Sesquiterpene Farnesene, Kübra Çeli̇k, Başak Toğar, Hasan Türkez, Numan Taşpinar Jan 2014

In Vitro Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, And Oxidative Effects Of Acyclic Sesquiterpene Farnesene, Kübra Çeli̇k, Başak Toğar, Hasan Türkez, Numan Taşpinar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Farnesene (FNS) is an acyclic sesquiterpene. It has a wide range of important biological effects such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties, although its cytotoxic, cytogenetic, and oxidative effects have not been investigated in human blood tissue yet. To this aim, both MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were carried out to evaluate cell viability and cytotoxicity. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS) parameters were used to assess oxidative alterations. In addition, micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests were used for mutagenic and genotoxic studies. The results revealed that FNS reduced cell viability at concentrations of higher than …

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A Preliminary Proteomic Evaluation Of Smooth Muscle Cells In Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, Ceyda Açilan Ayhan, Betül Baykal, Müge Serhatli, Ömer Kaçar, Zelal Adigüzel, Serpi̇l Taş, Kemal Baysal, Ahmet Tarik Baykal Jan 2014

A Preliminary Proteomic Evaluation Of Smooth Muscle Cells In Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, Ceyda Açilan Ayhan, Betül Baykal, Müge Serhatli, Ömer Kaçar, Zelal Adigüzel, Serpi̇l Taş, Kemal Baysal, Ahmet Tarik Baykal

Turkish Journal of Biology

Aortic aneurysm is characterized as localized degeneration of the aorta leading to advanced weakening and widening of the vessel. While the exact mechanisms have yet to be determined, current studies indicate that the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) may result in extendibility, dilation, and rupture of the vessel. Within the aortic wall, SMCs are implicated as key components involved in disease development, as numerous molecular changes have been reported to occur. Most current studies involve either investigation of proteins constituting a group or pathway in SMCs, or analyses of the whole …

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A Cdna-Aflp Protocol With Reciprocally Arranged 2-Enzyme Sequential Digestion And Silver Staining Detection, Mehmet Ali̇ Südüpak Jan 2014

A Cdna-Aflp Protocol With Reciprocally Arranged 2-Enzyme Sequential Digestion And Silver Staining Detection, Mehmet Ali̇ Südüpak

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study provides a modified protocol to the standard cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) procedure that has been used to detect differentially expressed transcripts in various systems. Modifications aimed to improve the overall coverage of the technique and the isolation of single fragments from each of the cDNA species. The protocol utilizes oligo-d(T) coupled magnetic beads to isolate and synthesize, and 2-enzyme sequential digestions of ds-cDNA molecules with flip-flop strategy on the beads to release transcript tags representing individual mRNA type and quantity. The protocol has been applied to detect Puccinia sorghi-induced expressional changes in maize leaf material sampled at …

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Effect Of Water Deficiency On Seed Quality And Physiological Traits Of Different Safflower Genotypes, Hajar Amini, Ahmad Arzani, Mostafa Karami Jan 2014

Effect Of Water Deficiency On Seed Quality And Physiological Traits Of Different Safflower Genotypes, Hajar Amini, Ahmad Arzani, Mostafa Karami

Turkish Journal of Biology

Safflower is one of the most adapted oilseed crops to the drought-prone arid lands. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of water deficiency on some physiological traits such as proline content, soluble carbohydrate content, relative water content (RWC), and seed quality using 64 safflower genotypes grown under normal and water-deficient field conditions. Plants were grown under normal irrigation until the branching growth stage, when water deficiency was applied to the plants. Results of combined analysis of variance showed the significant effects of genotype, water deficiency, and their interactions on the tested traits. RWC, seed oil content, and …

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Effect Of Nanosized Tio_2 Particles On The Development Of Xenopus Laevis Embryos, Ayşe Bi̇rhanli, Fatma Bi̇lge Emre, Funda Sayilkan, Abbas Güngördü Jan 2014

Effect Of Nanosized Tio_2 Particles On The Development Of Xenopus Laevis Embryos, Ayşe Bi̇rhanli, Fatma Bi̇lge Emre, Funda Sayilkan, Abbas Güngördü

Turkish Journal of Biology

This paper reports the toxic properties of nano-TiO_2 on 2 different early life stages of Xenopus laevis. Synthesis of nano-TiO_2 particles was carried out by the hydrothermal method. Characterization of nanoparticles was performed using spectral techniques including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and a particle-size analyzer. Embryos at the 8th stage and tadpoles at the 46th stage were exposed to 7 concentrations of nano-TiO_2 in the range of 5 to 320 ppm. After 96 h of exposure, the mortality percentage of each exposure concentration was calculated and the activity of enzyme biomarkers acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, lactate dehydrogenase, …

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Genome-Wide Identification And Analysis Of Growth Regulating Factor Genes In Brachypodium Distachyon: In Silico Approaches, Ertuğrul Fi̇li̇z, İbrahi̇m Koç, Hüseyi̇n Tombuloğlu Jan 2014

Genome-Wide Identification And Analysis Of Growth Regulating Factor Genes In Brachypodium Distachyon: In Silico Approaches, Ertuğrul Fi̇li̇z, İbrahi̇m Koç, Hüseyi̇n Tombuloğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Growth-regulating factor (GRF) genes may play important roles for regulating growth and development in different plant tissues and organs. Here we report the first genome-wide analysis of the GRF gene family in Brachypodium. We performed in silico comparative analysis of GRF genes, including their structure, duplication in the genome, conserved motifs, and phylogenetic relationship. At the end of the study, 10 BdGRF genes were identified. The highest number of GRF genes was identified on chromosome 1 with 5 members, whereas the least number of genes (only 1 member) was found on chromosomes 2, 4, and 5. Of those, a single …

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Production Of Biosurfactant By Pseudomonas Spp. Isolated From Industrial Waste In Turkey, Tayfun Kaya, Belma Aslim, Ergi̇n Kari̇ptaş Jan 2014

Production Of Biosurfactant By Pseudomonas Spp. Isolated From Industrial Waste In Turkey, Tayfun Kaya, Belma Aslim, Ergi̇n Kari̇ptaş

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, 26 Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from a stream polluted by factory waste and from petroleum-contaminated soil. The surface tension (ST) of the cultures was used as a criterion for the primary isolation of biosurfactant-producing bacteria. Biosurfactant production was quantified by ST reduction, critical micelle concentration (CMC), emulsification capacity (EC), and cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH). Two of the isolates, P. aeruginosa 78 and 99, produced rhamnolipid biosurfactant. The strains started rhamnolipid production in the logarithmic phase. They decreased the ST of the culture from 73 dyne/cm^2 to 29 and 33 dyne/cm^2, and the CMC of produced rhamnolipids were …

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Effects Of Different Genotypes And Gamma Ray Doses On Haploidization Using Irradiated Pollen Technique In Squash, Gökhan Baktemur, Namik Kemal Yücel, Hatira Taşkin, Songül Çömlekçi̇oğlu, Saadet Büyükalaca Jan 2014

Effects Of Different Genotypes And Gamma Ray Doses On Haploidization Using Irradiated Pollen Technique In Squash, Gökhan Baktemur, Namik Kemal Yücel, Hatira Taşkin, Songül Çömlekçi̇oğlu, Saadet Büyükalaca

Turkish Journal of Biology

Fourteen genotypes and 3 different gamma ray doses were tested to develop an efficient haploidization protocol in squash. For this purpose, male flowers collected 1 day before anthesis were irradiated with 150, 200, and 300 Gy gamma ray doses, and female flowers were pollinated with the irradiated pollens the next day. In the first year of the study, 1858 embryos were obtained from 219 fruits. While 1358 of these were found in fruits irradiated with a 150 Gy gamma dose, the remaining 500 embryos were found in fruits irradiated with 200 Gy. From fruits irradiated with 150 and 200 Gy …

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