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2014

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Articles 1411 - 1440 of 1587

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Efficiency Of Using Rapd And Issr Markers In Evaluation Of Genetic Diversity In Sugar Beet, Vusala Izzatullayeva, Zeynal Akparov, Sevda Babayeva, Javid Ojaghi, Mehraj Abbasov Jan 2014

Efficiency Of Using Rapd And Issr Markers In Evaluation Of Genetic Diversity In Sugar Beet, Vusala Izzatullayeva, Zeynal Akparov, Sevda Babayeva, Javid Ojaghi, Mehraj Abbasov

Turkish Journal of Biology

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used for comparative analysis of genetic variation in 42 sugar beet accessions. A total of 24 polymorphic primers (12 RAPD and 12 ISSR) were used. The RAPD primers generated 204 amplification products and the ISSR primers produced 178 fragments, 190 and 173 of which were polymorphic, respectively. The average polymorphism level with the ISSR markers (97.2%) was higher than that with the RAPD primers (93%). High genetic diversity indices for both marker types (0.86 for RAPD and 0.91 for ISSR) suggested that these methods were equally effective in …

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Herbicide-Tolerant Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Plants: An Unconventional Method Of Weed Removal, Idrees Ahmad Nasir, Bushra Tabassum, Zahida Qamar, Muhammad Aslam Javed, Muhammad Tariq, Abdul Munim Farooq, Shahid Javed Butt, Abdul Qayyum, Tayyab Husnain Jan 2014

Herbicide-Tolerant Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Plants: An Unconventional Method Of Weed Removal, Idrees Ahmad Nasir, Bushra Tabassum, Zahida Qamar, Muhammad Aslam Javed, Muhammad Tariq, Abdul Munim Farooq, Shahid Javed Butt, Abdul Qayyum, Tayyab Husnain

Turkish Journal of Biology

Unnecessary weed growth in sugarcane fields forces plants to compete for nutrients and sunlight for survival, which most often leads to significant yield losses. As chemical herbicides cannot differentiate between crop plants and weeds, the development of herbicide-tolerant crops is anticipated. Four sugarcane varieties, CPF-234, CPF-213, HSF-240, and CPF-246, were used to develop glyphosate herbicide tolerance. A glyphosate-tolerant gene of 1368 bp cloned directionally under the 35S promoter with the \Beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene was used as the transgene. Through the biolistic transformation of sugarcane, calli of all cultivars were transformed with glyphosate-tolerant gene constructs. Efficient regeneration conditions were optimized …

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Peripheral Administration Of Kisspeptin Antagonist Does Not Alter Basal Plasma Testosterone But Decreases Plasma Adiponectin Levels In Adult Male Rhesus Macaques, Tanzeel Huma, Farhad Ulla, Farnaz Hanif, Joshua D. Rizak, Muhammad Shahab Jan 2014

Peripheral Administration Of Kisspeptin Antagonist Does Not Alter Basal Plasma Testosterone But Decreases Plasma Adiponectin Levels In Adult Male Rhesus Macaques, Tanzeel Huma, Farhad Ulla, Farnaz Hanif, Joshua D. Rizak, Muhammad Shahab

Turkish Journal of Biology

Kisspeptin signaling is a potent regulator of the reproductive axis and an elicitor of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion. The present study assessed the effect of the peripheral administration of a kisspeptin antagonist (P234) on testosterone secretion in the adult male rhesus monkey. Five monkeys were administered with either P234 (38.8 µg/kg body weight) or a vehicle (0.9% saline). Plasma testosterone and adiponectin levels, as a positive control, were then measured using specific ELISA assays from blood samples collected sequentially at 15-min intervals from 60 min prior to until 360 min after the P234/vehicle injection. In 3 monkeys, the experiment was repeated …

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Photosynthetic Characteristics Of Red And Green Leaves In Growing Seedlings Of Jatropha Curcas, Munna Singh, Sanjay Ranjan, Krishan Kumar Verma, Uday Vashudav Pathre, Pramod Arvind Shirke Jan 2014

Photosynthetic Characteristics Of Red And Green Leaves In Growing Seedlings Of Jatropha Curcas, Munna Singh, Sanjay Ranjan, Krishan Kumar Verma, Uday Vashudav Pathre, Pramod Arvind Shirke

Turkish Journal of Biology

The use of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) as a source of biofuel is documented. The physiological characteristics and growth studies of Jatropha have received less attention. In the present study, we measured leaf gas exchange with an infrared gas analyzer for red (immature) and green (mature) leaves of Jatropha curcas in response to various environmental conditions including photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), vapor pressure difference, and temperature. The seedlings were grown in pots for 45 days in a natural environment. Jatropha is a C_3 plant based on its leaf-gas exchange characteristics. The optimal light-saturated photosynthetic CO_2 assimilation, leaf conductance, and …

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Characterization Of Dehydrin Ahdhn From Mediterranean Saltbush (Atriplex Halimus), Monther Taha Sadder, Abdullah Abdulaziz Al-Doss Jan 2014

Characterization Of Dehydrin Ahdhn From Mediterranean Saltbush (Atriplex Halimus), Monther Taha Sadder, Abdullah Abdulaziz Al-Doss

Turkish Journal of Biology

Dehydrins are a group of proteins whose expression is associated with plant abiotic stresses and seed maturation. The full AhDHN dehydrin gene from Mediterranean saltbush (Atriplex halimus) was cloned and characterized. The AhDHN amino acid sequence revealed 1 S-segment, 3 K-segments (K1, K2, K3), and a transmembrane pore-lining signature. It is a 26.77-kDa protein with a predicted isoelectric point of 6.14. Phylogenetic analysis of the AhDHN protein clustered it with other proteins from related plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae (Atriplex canescens, Spinacia oleracea, Suaeda salsa, and Suaeda glauca). The AhDHN protein sequence revealed a deletion that was 102 amino …

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Enhanced Enzymatic Xylose/Cellulose Fractionation From Alkaline Liquor-Pretreated Corn Cob By Surfactant Addition And Separate Fermentation To Bioethanol, Yefu Chen, Xinxin Zhang, Shijie Zhang, Weijun Qin, Changhui Guo, Xuewu Guo, Dongguang Xiao Jan 2014

Enhanced Enzymatic Xylose/Cellulose Fractionation From Alkaline Liquor-Pretreated Corn Cob By Surfactant Addition And Separate Fermentation To Bioethanol, Yefu Chen, Xinxin Zhang, Shijie Zhang, Weijun Qin, Changhui Guo, Xuewu Guo, Dongguang Xiao

Turkish Journal of Biology

Xylanase xylose/cellulose fractionation can efficiently improve the utilization of xylose and cellulose. Improvement of xylanase performance during hemicellulose hydrolysis can increase xylose/cellulose fractionation efficiency. To utilize xylose and cellulose efficiently, an enzymatic xylose/cellulose fractionation and a separate fermentation bioethanol process were performed. Alkaline liquor-pretreated corn cob was subjected to xylose/cellulose fractionation with xylanase in the presence or absence of the following mixed surfactants: polyoxyethylene(20)-sorbitan-monooleate (0.15% v/v), polyethylene glycol 6000 (0.15% w/v), bovine serum albumin (0.15% w/v), and rhamnolipid (0.005% v/v). The hemicellulose hydrolysis yield (HHY) in the presence of mixed surfactants was 70.5%, which was 66% higher than that of …

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Preconditioning Effect Of Cytokinins On In Vitro Multiplication Of Embryonic Node Of Grass Pea (Lathyrus Sativus L.) Cultivar Gürbüz, Surendra Barpete, Muhammad Aasim, Khalid Mahmood Khawar, Sancar Fati̇h Özcan, Sebahatti̇n Özcan Jan 2014

Preconditioning Effect Of Cytokinins On In Vitro Multiplication Of Embryonic Node Of Grass Pea (Lathyrus Sativus L.) Cultivar Gürbüz, Surendra Barpete, Muhammad Aasim, Khalid Mahmood Khawar, Sancar Fati̇h Özcan, Sebahatti̇n Özcan

Turkish Journal of Biology

Lathyrus sativus L. (grass pea) is an important grain legume crop grown all over the world. It is very recalcitrant and difficult to regenerate under in vitro conditions. The present study determined the effect of preconditioning of cytokinins [10 and 20 mg L^{-1} thidiazuron (TDZ) and 2-isopentenyl adenine (2iP)] and postconditioning of dissimilar levels of TDZ-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 2iP-IBA on in vitro shoot multiplication using embryonic node explants. The results showed that preconditioning followed by postconditioning on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 mg L^{-1} 2iP or TDZ combined with 0.10 mg L^{-1} IBA …

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Melatonin Is Effective In Reducing Stress-Induced Organ Damage In Wistar Albino Rats, Mukaddes Eşrefoğlu, Ayşi̇n Akinci Bak, Hülya Elbe, Eli̇f Taşlidere, Asli Çeti̇n, Burhan Ateş Jan 2014

Melatonin Is Effective In Reducing Stress-Induced Organ Damage In Wistar Albino Rats, Mukaddes Eşrefoğlu, Ayşi̇n Akinci Bak, Hülya Elbe, Eli̇f Taşlidere, Asli Çeti̇n, Burhan Ateş

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the present study, we tried to investigate the effects of melatonin, a novel antioxidant and a potent free radical scavenger, in stress-induced cerebral, cerebellar, cardiac, and hepatic oxidative damage using microscopic and biochemical analysis. A total of 32 male Wistar albino rats were divided into control, stress, stress + saline, and stress + melatonin groups. The rats from the stress groups were exposed to high stress conditions of starvation, immobilization, and cold exposure. The rats from the stress + melatonin group received melatonin daily at 20 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, …

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Study Of Exogenous Oxidative Stress Response In Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas Spp., Bacillus Spp., And Salmonella Spp., Ifratun Nur, Mohammad Sakil Munna, Rashed Noor Jan 2014

Study Of Exogenous Oxidative Stress Response In Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas Spp., Bacillus Spp., And Salmonella Spp., Ifratun Nur, Mohammad Sakil Munna, Rashed Noor

Turkish Journal of Biology

With a previous observation of Escherichia coli growth cessation with the supplementation of 3 mM hydrogen peroxide (H_{2}O_{2}) at the late log phase, the current study further demonstrated the consequences of the addition of an increased concentration (6 mM) of H_{2}O_{2} and further extended the investigation on such an oxidant's impact on the growth of Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Bacillus spp. Cell culturability was measured through the enumeration of colony-forming units (CFUs) on agar plates for up to 72 h. Subsequent changes in cell morphology and arrangements were monitored, and the cell viability was simultaneously retraced by spot tests. …

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Polyploidy And Apomixis In Accessions Of Senna Rugosa (G.Don) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, Katia Resende, Clara Prado, Lisete Davide, Giovana Torres Jan 2014

Polyploidy And Apomixis In Accessions Of Senna Rugosa (G.Don) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, Katia Resende, Clara Prado, Lisete Davide, Giovana Torres

Turkish Journal of Biology

Senna rugosa (G.Don) H.S.Irwin & Barneby (Leguminosae) is a species from the Brazilian Cerrado commonly used for medicinal purposes. Chromosome variability (n = 14 and 28) described for this species indicates the occurrence of chromosome races and recent polyploidization in its evolution history. The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between ploidy level and occurrence of polyembryony in 5 accessions of S. rugosa. Cytogenetic analysis revealed the type of interphasic nuclei, chromosome number and morphology, and nuclear DNA content. Frequency of polyembryony was estimated by germination test. Pollen grain viability was estimated by different techniques. There was …

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Styrian Oil Pumpkin Pollen Germinability At Higher Irradiation Doses: Optimization Of The In Vitro Germination Protocol And Irradiation Procedure, Kristina Kosmrlj, Damijana Kastelec, Borut Bohanec Jan 2014

Styrian Oil Pumpkin Pollen Germinability At Higher Irradiation Doses: Optimization Of The In Vitro Germination Protocol And Irradiation Procedure, Kristina Kosmrlj, Damijana Kastelec, Borut Bohanec

Turkish Journal of Biology

Protocols for haploid induction in cucurbits are based on pollination with irradiated pollen, but the induction frequency is low and the majority of obtained embryos are zygotic. The longevity of Cucurbita pepo L. pollen is short even under natural conditions; following irradiation, germinability is decreased even further. This study was initiated to develop an optimal in vitro germination medium for styrian oil pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. subsp. pepo var. styriaca Greb.) pollen, which would enable accurate germination testing. Different pH values and the addition of sucrose, mannitol, and polyethylene glycol to the Brewbaker and Kwack germination medium were tested. The …

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Expression And Purification Of Porcine Pid1 Gene In Escherichia Coli, Huan Wang, Xiaoling Chen, Zhiqing Huang, Bo Zhou, Gang Jia, Guangmang Liu, Hua Zhao Jan 2014

Expression And Purification Of Porcine Pid1 Gene In Escherichia Coli, Huan Wang, Xiaoling Chen, Zhiqing Huang, Bo Zhou, Gang Jia, Guangmang Liu, Hua Zhao

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, in order to scale up the production of recombinant porcine phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1 (pPID1), a pET-28a (+)-pPID1 expression plasmid was constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3). The recombinant pPID1 was then purified and identified by western blotting, and was also analyzed in vitro for its function. The recombinant protein was tagged with only a His6 tag at its C-terminus, which could be conveniently purified by affinity column. The protein could be induced for efficient expression with 0.75 mM IPTG for 8 h at 30 °C, yielding approximately 3 mg/L. In vitro biological activity …

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Evaluation Of Orange Peel, An Industrial Waste, For The Production Of Aspergillus Sojae Polygalacturonase Considering Both Morphology And Rheology Effects, Ni̇han Göğüş, Bengi̇ Hakgüder Taze, Hande Demi̇r, Canan Tari, Sevcan Ünlütürk, Marcelo Fernandez Lahore Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Orange Peel, An Industrial Waste, For The Production Of Aspergillus Sojae Polygalacturonase Considering Both Morphology And Rheology Effects, Ni̇han Göğüş, Bengi̇ Hakgüder Taze, Hande Demi̇r, Canan Tari, Sevcan Ünlütürk, Marcelo Fernandez Lahore

Turkish Journal of Biology

Orange peel is an agroindustrial waste rich in pectin and known to be an inducer for pectinase production. The use of this low-cost substrate for the production of an industrially important enzyme, polygalacturonase (PG), can be an alternative way to turn this waste into a value-added product, contributing to the reduction of environmental waste disposal problems. Enzyme productions by fungal microorganisms are affected by environmental and nutritional factors, demanding the determination of optimum conditions for maximum enzyme production with the desired fungal morphology and broth rheology. Therefore, complex and additional carbon sources were optimized with respect to PG production by …

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Impact Of Salt Stress On Photosystem Ii Efficiency And Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Cultivars, Şeküre Çulha Erdal, Hüsnü Çakirlar Jan 2014

Impact Of Salt Stress On Photosystem Ii Efficiency And Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Cultivars, Şeküre Çulha Erdal, Hüsnü Çakirlar

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was conducted to determine the tolerance of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars (Dinçer, Remzibey-05, and Yenice) against salt stress based on some physiological and biochemical parameters at the vegetative stage. Eighteen-day-old plants were subjected to salt stress [0 (control), 75, 150, 225, and 300 mM NaCl concentrations] for 12 days, which led to a significant decrease in growth parameters (stem growth, fresh weight, and relative water content) and the photosynthetic pigment contents of the safflower cultivars. The photochemical activities of photosystem II of the cultivars were negatively affected by salinity, especially at the highest concentration (300 mM). Salt …

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Cobalt Induces Alterations In Serum Parameters Associated With Bone Metabolism In Male Adult Rat, Ali Asghar Moshtaghie, Pedram Malekpouri, Elham Moshtaghie, Farhang Rahnamaie Jan 2014

Cobalt Induces Alterations In Serum Parameters Associated With Bone Metabolism In Male Adult Rat, Ali Asghar Moshtaghie, Pedram Malekpouri, Elham Moshtaghie, Farhang Rahnamaie

Turkish Journal of Biology

The intention of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of cobalt on the bone metabolism of rats, including calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase of serum during short- and long-term experiments. Rats were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with either 16 mg kg^{-1} BW of cobalt for 5 and 10 days or 6 mg kg^{-1} BW for 20 and 40 days. It was found that IP administrations of cobalt could increase all serum parameters associated with bone metabolic processes. The observed effect was greatest for 16 mg kg^{-1} BW when used for 10 continuous days. By using gel filtration …

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Characterization Of The Human Sialidase Neu4 Gene Promoter, Volkan Seyrantepe, Murat Delman Jan 2014

Characterization Of The Human Sialidase Neu4 Gene Promoter, Volkan Seyrantepe, Murat Delman

Turkish Journal of Biology

There are 4 different sialidases that have been described in humans: lysosomal (Neu1), cytoplasmic (Neu2), plasma membrane (Neu3), and lysosomal/mitochondrial (Neu4). Previously, we have shown that Neu4 has a broad substrate specificity and is active against glyco-conjugates, including G_{M2} ganglioside, at the acidic pH of 3.2. An overexpression of Neu4 in transfected neuroglia cells from a Tay-Sachs patient shows a clearance of accumulated G_{M2}, indicating the biological importance of Neu4. In this paper, we aimed to characterize a minimal promoter region of the human Neu4 gene in order to understand the molecular mechanism regulating its expression. We cloned 7 different …

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Reproductive Biology Study Of Dynamics Of Female Sexual Hormones: A 12-Month Exposure To Lead Acetate Rat Model, Eugenia Dumitrescu, Romeo Teodor Cristina, Florin Muselin Jan 2014

Reproductive Biology Study Of Dynamics Of Female Sexual Hormones: A 12-Month Exposure To Lead Acetate Rat Model, Eugenia Dumitrescu, Romeo Teodor Cristina, Florin Muselin

Turkish Journal of Biology

In human and animal organisms, lead can cause reproductive problems beginning with pregnant females. The reproductive axis is particularly sensitive to lead, its influence resulting in a delayed sexual maturity due to biosynthesis suppression of the sexual steroids. An animal model study was carried out on 28 white Wistar adult female rats, divided into 3 experimental (E) groups that were exposed for 12 months to lead acetate in drinking water as follows: 50 ppb Pb (E_1), 100 ppb Pb (E_2), and 150 ppb Pb (E_3), with a control group (M) that received unleaded tap water. Levels of FSH, LH, estradiol, …

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Characterization Of A Novel Xylose Isomerase From Anoxybacillus Gonensis G2^T, Derya Yanmiş, Hakan Karaoğlu, Di̇lşat Ni̇gar Çolak, Fulya Ay Şal, Sabri̇ye Çanakçi, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz Jan 2014

Characterization Of A Novel Xylose Isomerase From Anoxybacillus Gonensis G2^T, Derya Yanmiş, Hakan Karaoğlu, Di̇lşat Ni̇gar Çolak, Fulya Ay Şal, Sabri̇ye Çanakçi, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz

Turkish Journal of Biology

The xylA gene encoding xylose isomerase from Anoxybacillus gonensis G2^T has been cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli. Xylose isomerase was purified 10.98-fold by heat-shock and sequential column chromatography techniques to homogeneity, and the biochemical properties of the enzyme were characterized. The optimum temperature of the enzyme was 85 °C and maximum activity was observed at a pH of 6.5. Its Km and Vmax values were calculated as 25 ± 2 mM and 0.12958 ± 0.002 mumol/min/mg protein, respectively. The effects of various metal ions on the xylose isomerase were examined. Divalent cations Co^{2+}, Mg^{2+}, and Mn^{2+} were essential …

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Effect Of Polyamines On In Vitro Anther Cultures Of Carrot (Daucus Carota L.)., Krystyna Górecka, Waldemar Kiszczak, Dorota Krzyzanowska, Urszula Kowalska, Agata Kapuscinska Jan 2014

Effect Of Polyamines On In Vitro Anther Cultures Of Carrot (Daucus Carota L.)., Krystyna Górecka, Waldemar Kiszczak, Dorota Krzyzanowska, Urszula Kowalska, Agata Kapuscinska

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study examines the influence of the polyamines putrescine and spermidine on the efficiency of androgenesis in anther cultures of 2 carrot cultivars, Kazan F_1 and Narbonne F_1, and the effect of putrescine on the process of plant regeneration from androgenetic embryos. In the Kazan F_1 variety, an increase in the number of obtained embryos was achieved using each of the 2 polyamines separately and in combination. In contrast, no beneficial effects of polyamines on the efficiency of androgenesis were observed in the Narbonne F_1 variety. Putrescine added to the regeneration medium increased the number of obtained plants. For embryos …

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Large-Scale Purification Of A Bacteriocin Produced By Leuconostoc Mesenteroides Subsp. Cremoris Using Diatomite Calcium Silicate, Hali̇l Dündar, Ömür Çeli̇kbiçak, Beki̇r Sali̇h, Tahsi̇n Faruk Bozoğlu Jan 2014

Large-Scale Purification Of A Bacteriocin Produced By Leuconostoc Mesenteroides Subsp. Cremoris Using Diatomite Calcium Silicate, Hali̇l Dündar, Ömür Çeli̇kbiçak, Beki̇r Sali̇h, Tahsi̇n Faruk Bozoğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris strain W3, isolated from wine, was previously found to produce a bacteriocin with inhibitory activity towards malolactic bacteria and hence inhibit malolactic fermentation in model wine medium. The bacteriocin, which we termed mesentericin W3, was purified by multistep chromatography and found in a previous study to be similar to mesentericin Y105, albeit with a low recovery (3.2%). In this study, we aimed to achieve large-scale isolation of mesentericin W3 by adsorption of the bacteriocin from culture supernatant onto Micro-Cel (diatomite calcium silicate) and then by subsequent desorption. Water-soluble surfactants including Tween 80, Triton X-100, sodium deoxycholate, …

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Comprehensive Evaluation Of Phytoestrogen Accumulation In Plants And In Vitro Cultures Of Medicago Sativa L. 'Elçi' And Natural Tetraploid Trifolium Pratense L., Hati̇ce Çölgeçen, Ufuk Koca Çalişkan, Murat Kartal, Hati̇ce Nurhan Büyükkartal Jan 2014

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Phytoestrogen Accumulation In Plants And In Vitro Cultures Of Medicago Sativa L. 'Elçi' And Natural Tetraploid Trifolium Pratense L., Hati̇ce Çölgeçen, Ufuk Koca Çalişkan, Murat Kartal, Hati̇ce Nurhan Büyükkartal

Turkish Journal of Biology

The main goal of this study was to establish callus cell suspension cultures of Medicago sativa L. 'Elçi' and natural tetraploid Trifolium pratense L. and to compare the isoflavone production of the cultures to the original plants. The callus culture was transferred to liquid Murashige and Skoog media (MS3 and MS5) in order to establish the cell suspension cultures. The extracts were then analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) for their isoflavones (phytoestrogen), mainly formononetin, biochanin A, daidzein, and genistein. The production of daidzein and formononetin was higher in cell suspension culture than in callus and herba of M. sativa …

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Identification Of Hla-A*0201-Restricted Ctl Epitopes From The Receptor-Binding Domain Of Mers-Cov Spike Protein Using A Combinatorial In Silico Approach, Naghmeh Poorinmohammad, Hassan Mohabatkar Jan 2014

Identification Of Hla-A*0201-Restricted Ctl Epitopes From The Receptor-Binding Domain Of Mers-Cov Spike Protein Using A Combinatorial In Silico Approach, Naghmeh Poorinmohammad, Hassan Mohabatkar

Turkish Journal of Biology

A novel SARS-like illness called Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), caused by an emerging coronavirus, has been a recent cause for concern due to its fatality and pandemic potential. Developing a peptide-based vaccine could be helpful in fighting against the virus. Since the experimental procedure is time-consuming and expensive, computational analysis can play an important role in accelerating the process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to computationally identify cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes presented by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201, as this is the most frequent HLA class I allele among Middle Eastern populations. The receptor-binding domain of the …

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Bacterial Toxin Colicin N-T Domain Structure Changes To Ordered State Upon Binding C-Terminal Domain Of Tola, Yakup Ulusu, Sema Bi̇lgi̇n Şentürk, Fatma Gedi̇kli̇, Jeremy H. Lakey, İsa Gökçe Jan 2014

Bacterial Toxin Colicin N-T Domain Structure Changes To Ordered State Upon Binding C-Terminal Domain Of Tola, Yakup Ulusu, Sema Bi̇lgi̇n Şentürk, Fatma Gedi̇kli̇, Jeremy H. Lakey, İsa Gökçe

Turkish Journal of Biology

Colicin N is a bacterial toxin that kills Escherichia coli and related cells. Its mode of action is of interest in protein import and toxicology. Colicin N translocates across the E. coli outer membrane and periplasm by interacting with several receptors. The translocation process involves the interaction of the colicin N with the outer membrane porin OmpF and subsequently with the integral membrane protein TolA. The N-terminal domain of colicin N is involved in the import process. TolA consists of 3 domains. The N-terminal domain of colicin N interacts with the C-terminal domain of TolA at later stages of the …

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In Vitro Regeneration And Conservation Of The Lentisk (Pistacia Lentiscus L.), İbrahi̇m Koç, Ahmet Onay, Yelda Özden Çi̇ftçi̇ Jan 2014

In Vitro Regeneration And Conservation Of The Lentisk (Pistacia Lentiscus L.), İbrahi̇m Koç, Ahmet Onay, Yelda Özden Çi̇ftçi̇

Turkish Journal of Biology

Pistacia lentiscus L. (lentisk or mastic tree) is an economically important member of the genus Pistacia due to its valuable mastic resin. Shoot tips and nodal segments were used as explant sources from in vitro-germinated seeds of lentisk. Shoot tips were found to be suitable for multiple shoot formation. Thereafter, the influences of different growth regulators [N6-benzyladenine (BA), gibberellic acid (GA_3), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), or jasmonic acid (JA)] together with various elicitors [silver nitrate (AgNO_3) or phloroglucinol (PG)] were assessed to develop efficient micropropagation protocol. Our results showed that the combination of all tested concentrations of GA_3 with 1.0 …

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Cloning And Expression Analysis Of 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate Synthase Gene From The Medicinal Plant Conyza Blinii H.Lév., Rong Sun, Shan Liu, Jing-Lei Gao, Zi-Zhong Tang, Hui Chen, Cheng-Lei Li, Qi Wu Jan 2014

Cloning And Expression Analysis Of 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate Synthase Gene From The Medicinal Plant Conyza Blinii H.Lév., Rong Sun, Shan Liu, Jing-Lei Gao, Zi-Zhong Tang, Hui Chen, Cheng-Lei Li, Qi Wu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Conyza blinii H.Lév. is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant that is distributed mainly in southwestern Sichuan and northern Yunnan. Its characteristic product is blinin, which has, among other properties, antigastric ulcer activity, and can serve as a quality-control standard for such medicine. The problem is that C. blinii only produces low yields of blinin. As a diterpene, blinin is likely formed by the methylerythritol phosphate pathway. While 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) is the first rate-limiting enzyme in diterpenoid biosynthesis, it is a switch in the pathway. The DXS gene was successfully cloned and characterized from C. blinii by homologous cloning and …

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Phylogenetic Analysis Of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus From Outbreaks In Turkey During 2008-2012, Leyla Güler, Murat Şevi̇k, Mustafa Hasöksüz Jan 2014

Phylogenetic Analysis Of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus From Outbreaks In Turkey During 2008-2012, Leyla Güler, Murat Şevi̇k, Mustafa Hasöksüz

Turkish Journal of Biology

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important viral disease of sheep and goats and is endemic in all regions of Turkey. In this study, PPR virus infection was investigated by RT-PCR assay based on the fusion (F) gene in PPR-suspected sheep and goat samples. PPR virus RNA was detected in 65 small ruminants (51 sheep, 14 goats) from independent outbreaks during 2008-2012 in provinces in the central and Mediterranean regions and the central-west part of the Aegean region in Turkey. The virus was detected in an aborted sheep fetus sample by RT-PCR, and diagnosis was also confirmed by virus …

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Computational Regulatory Model For Detoxification Of Ammonia From Urea Cycle In Liver, Rashith Muhammad Mubarak Ali, Poornima Devi Gurusamy, Selvakumar Ramachandran Jan 2014

Computational Regulatory Model For Detoxification Of Ammonia From Urea Cycle In Liver, Rashith Muhammad Mubarak Ali, Poornima Devi Gurusamy, Selvakumar Ramachandran

Turkish Journal of Biology

A nondeterministic finite automaton was designed to monitor enzymatic regulation and detoxification of excess ammonia in the urea cycle and its disorders. The designed machine is used for the diagnosis of deficiency and for regulating the expression of any of the enzymes involved with acceptance and rejection states in the urea cycle. The urea cycle is the metabolism of excess nitrogen produced by the breakdown of protein and other nitrogen-containing molecules in liver. Disorder in the urea cycle may lead to the accumulation of toxic ammonia in the blood, which leads to hyperammonemia. The elevation of plasma ammonia concentration may …

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Biodegradation Of The Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticide Α-Cypermethrin By Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Og2, Özlem Gür, Murat Özdal, Ömer Faruk Algur Jan 2014

Biodegradation Of The Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticide Α-Cypermethrin By Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia Og2, Özlem Gür, Murat Özdal, Ömer Faruk Algur

Turkish Journal of Biology

A novel gram-negative bacterium, OG2, was isolated from the body microflora of cockroaches (Blatta orientalis). Based on morphological, biochemical, and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, the isolated strain OG2 was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. This bacterial strain was screened for its alpha-cypermethrin-degrading potential with minimal salt medium (MSM). The alpha-cypermethrin degradation and utilization ability of the isolated organism was verified. Bacterial growth was measured by optical density in the presence of the pesticide at different concentrations (50-200 mg/L). S. maltophilia OG2 utilized alpha-cypermethrin as the sole carbon source for growth, and alpha-cypermethrin degradation increased when MSM was supplemented with glucose. …

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Nitrate And Iron Nutrition Effects On Some Nitrate Assimilation Enzymes And Metabolites In Spirulina Platensis, Merve Esen, Razi̇ye Öztürk Ürek Jan 2014

Nitrate And Iron Nutrition Effects On Some Nitrate Assimilation Enzymes And Metabolites In Spirulina Platensis, Merve Esen, Razi̇ye Öztürk Ürek

Turkish Journal of Biology

Effects of different sodium nitrate and iron concentrations on the production of some metabolites and pigments and the activities of some nitrate assimilation enzymes [nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT)] were investigated in the growth medium of Spirulina platensis (Gamont) Geitler. For this purpose, S. platensis was cultivated on Zarrouk's medium containing different sodium nitrate concentrations (10-180 mM). A 100 mM sodium nitrate concentration stimulated growth of this organism as well as the production of pigments and other metabolites and enzyme activities. In the presence of 100 mM sodium nitrate, different concentrations of …

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Triumph Or Tragedy: Progress In Cancer, Ayşe Şebnem Erenler, Hi̇kmet Geçki̇l Jan 2014

Triumph Or Tragedy: Progress In Cancer, Ayşe Şebnem Erenler, Hi̇kmet Geçki̇l

Turkish Journal of Biology

Cancer is probably the number one research area among all human endeavors, receiving the largest portion of science funding in most countries. This is because cancer remains one of the oldest conundrums among all human maladies. Although we now have a greater understanding of the biological and molecular basis of cancer, its diagnosis and therapy still pose great challenges. In this review, our aim is not to establish a comprehensive understanding of cancer, which is essentially impossible, but to outline, in a more provocative way, why cancer research in the pursuit of a cure did not live up to its …

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