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Fishery Co-Management Opportunities Between Tribal And State Agencies: Conflict To Collaboration, J. Marty Holtgren

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Over the past 40 years global recognition has occurred for indigenous groups to be represented and have input in how natural resources are managed. This has largely occurred because of how management decisions have consequences to indigenous groups that reach beyond natural resource issues but into cultural, spiritual, social and political elements including sovereignty, legitimacy, justice, equity and empowerment and using indigenous paradigms to meet indigenous needs. In the United States numerous legal agreements have been reached that pair state and tribal agencies into co-management. This project concerns a recent co-management agreement between the State of Michigan and five Native …

Identification Of An Aflp Marker Linked With Yellow Rust Resistance In Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.), Handan Balta, Özge Karakaş Meti̇n, Funda Şentürk Akfirat, Fahri̇ye Ertuğrul, Semra Hasançebi̇, Yildiz Aydi̇n, Kadi̇r Akan, Zafer Mert, Müge Türet, Ahu Altinkut Uncuoğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

An important application of molecular markers in plant systems involves improvement in the efficiency of conventional plant breeding by carrying out indirect selection through molecular markers linked to the traits of interest. AFLP analysis was used to identify molecular markers associated with yellow rust resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in this study. DNA isolated from the selected yellow rust tolerant and susceptible F_2 individuals derived from a cross between Izgi2001 (resistant) and ES14 (susceptible) at seedling and adult stage was used for bulked segregant analysis combined with AFLP. From the screening of 34 PstI/MseI AFLP primer combinations, the AFLP …

Prothoracicotropic Hormone-Producing Neurosecretory Neurons And Antioxidative Defense In Midgut Of Lymantria Dispar In Trophic Stress, Vesna Peric Mataruga, Milena Vlahovic, Marija Mrdakovic, Dajana Todorovic, Dragana Matic, Anja Gavrilovic, Larisa Ilijin

Turkish Journal of Biology

As a very invasive insect species, Lymantria dispar is adaptable and sensitive to a changing environment. In insects the neuroendocrine system first reacts to stress by production of prothoracicotropic neurohormones (PTTH) that control ecdysteroid synthesis (morphogenetic and stress hormones). In this article, we report changes in the L2' brain neurosecretory neurons that synthesize PTTH in L. dispar larvae after feeding on locust tree leaves (Robinia pseudoacacia), an unsuitable host plant. Groups of larvae (n = 20 per experimental group) were offered this in comparison with oak leaves (Quercus robur), a suitable control diet, for 3 days after molting into the …

Optimization Of E. Coli Culture Conditions For Efficient Dna Uptake By Electroporation, Irfan Ahmad, Tehseen Rubbab, Farah Deeba, Syed Muhammad Saqlan Naqvi

Turkish Journal of Biology

Bacterial transformation is a significant breakthrough in the field of molecular biology for cloning purposes. A variety of chemical and physical methods are utilized for enhancing bacterial competence. The present study was designed, via the consolidation of chemical and physical methods, to improve competence of cells for high transformation efficiency up to 10^9 transformants/µg of DNA. LB and SOC media and their supplemented combinations with osmotic agents (sucrose and glycine) were used to prepare electrocompetent cells of E. coli DH5\alpha at temperatures of 25 and 37 °C, which were then subjected to electroporation. The results showed that cells grown in …

Phylogenetic Analysis And Characterization Of An Alkane-Degrading Yeast Strain Isolated From Oil-Polluted Soil, Ortansa Csutak, Tatiana Vassu

Turkish Journal of Biology

The isolation and phylogenetic analysis of new yeast strains represent an important basis for the development of practical applications in biotechnology, industry, and bioremediation. The yeast strain RG1 was isolated from oil-polluted soil and characterized using morphological observations and the API 20C AUX system. The amplified ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region had 653 bp and the restriction profiles obtained with Cfo I, Dde I, Hae III, Hinf I, and Hpa II endonucleases showed high similarities with those from Rhodotorula glutinis reference strains. The phylogenetic tree based on the Cfo I patterns confirmed the classification of the strain RG1 as belonging to the …

Cloning, Purification, And Characterization Of A Thermophilic Ribulokinase From Anoxybacillus Kestanbolensis Ac26sari, Müslüm Tokgöz, Kadri̇ye İnan, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz, Öznur Gedi̇kli̇, Sabri̇ye Çanakçi

Turkish Journal of Biology

The gene encoding ribulokinase araB from Anoxybacillus kestanbolensis AC26Sari was cloned and sequenced. The recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 under the control of isopropyl-\beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside-inducible T7 promoter. The enzyme, designated as AC26RK, was purified with the MagneHis Protein Purification System. The molecular mass of the native protein, as determined by SDS-PAGE, was about 61 kDa. AC26RK was active throughout a broad pH (pH 5.0-10.0) and temperature (50-75 °C) range, and it had an optimum pH of 9.0 and optimum temperature of 60 °C. The enzyme displayed about 90%-100% of its original activities after a 30-min incubation at a …

Progesterone Receptor Modulators In Breast Cancer, Ronald D. Wiehle

Turkish Journal of Biology

Breast cancer has been treated successfully with selective estrogen receptor antagonists (SERMs) such as tamoxifen, receptor-depleting agents such as fulvestrant, and aromatase inhibitors such as anastrozole. Selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs or PRMs) have not been studied as much and are currently under investigation for inhibition of mammary carcinogenesis in animal models and breast cancer prevention trials in women. They might follow tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancers with acquired resistance. These uses have not provoked ground-breaking progress or studies and PRMs do not have a high profile. Most in vitro and in vivo studies …

Loss Of Heterozygosity In Ing3 And Ing5 Genes In Breast Cancer, Esra Gündüz, Gökhan Nas, Muradi̇ye Acar, Eyyüp Üçtepe, Mi̇kdat Bozer, Murat Öznur, Reyhan Bayrak, Mehmet Gündüz

Turkish Journal of Biology

The tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) ING3 and ING5, members of the inhibitor of growth gene family, are effective in inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis. However, in many cancer types, one of the alleles of a TSG is lost through carcinogenesis, while the remaining allele is usually inactivated through a process called loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Previous studies in head and neck cancer revealed that allelic loss and reduced expression is a common pattern of ING gene family members. Fifty paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and denatured-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for LOH status. The …

Cancer Chemopreventive Effect Of Dietary Zataria Multiflora Essential Oils, Abolfazl Dadkhah, Faezaeh Fatemi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi Malayeri, Azadeh Rasooli

Turkish Journal of Biology

Zataria multiflora Boiss., with the common name Avishan-e-Shirazi, is native to Iran. This herb has been found to possess varied pharmacological properties. In the present study, for the first time, colon chemopreventive effects of Z. multiflora essential oils (0.01% and 0.1% in the diet) in rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) were demonstrated. For this purpose, the oxidative stress/antioxidant parameters (lipid peroxidation, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ferric reducing ability of plasma) concomitant with xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (CYP450 and GST) were considered. Moreover, the colonic Beta-catenin protein was examined in colon tissues followed by histopathological analysis. The results showed that the …

Retrospective Examination Of Habitat Use By Blueback Herring (Alosa Aestivalis) Using Otolith Microchemical Methods, Molly Payne Wynne Ms

All Student Scholarship

Life histories of anadromous fish are difficult to examine due to constraints on direct observation. However, an understanding of patterns of habitat use is critical to management efforts since recruitment to spawning age is vital to population sustainability. Blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) are anadromous fish that utilize a variety of freshwater, estuary and nearshore marine habitats. Rapid declines in their abundance and a subsequent petition for listing under the US Endangered Species Act in 2012 have ushered in an immediate need for life history information. This study focused on five river systems and seven spawning runs along the coast of …

Co-Evolution Of Mitochondrial And Nuclear Genomes In Caenorhabditis , Emily Elaine Hill

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Nuclear and mitochondrial genomes have co-adapted through evolution. Interactions between these genomes are required for mitochondrial functions. My goal was to determine how divergence of these interactions affected mitochondrial function and organismal fitness. The impact of divergence between Caenorhabditis briggsae populations and between C. briggsae and its sister species, C. nigoni was assessed. To accomplish this, four sets of hybrid lines were constructed. Each hybrid line possessed the nuclear genome of one parental strain and mitochondria from another parental strain. Two sets of hybrid lines were constructed from strains derived from different C. briggsae populations. The other two were constructed …

Binding And Entry Mechanisms Of Adenovirus In Polarized Epithelial Cells, Trisha Lynn Brockman

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Adenovirus's primary receptor, the Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), has two transmembrane isoforms with differential localization within polarized epithelial cells (CAREx7 (basolateral), CAREx8 (apical)). I hypothesized that each isoform of CAR is degraded at different rates and is regulated by Src-family kinases. Increasing or decreasing the concentration of CAR is predicted to directly alter adenoviral entry. To test this hypothesis, inducible Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell lines either expressing CAREx7, CAREx8, or mCherry, under a doxycycline-inducible promoter were used in pulse-chase structured experiments to calculate the half-lives of these proteins. Alternatively, a polarized model lung epithelium (CaLu-3) treated with …

Matriptase Mediated C-Met Signaling In Breast Cancer, Gina Lynn Zoratti

Wayne State University Dissertations

MATRIPTASE MEDIATED c-MET SIGNALING IN CRITICAL FOR BREAST CANCER PROGRESSION

by

GINA ZORATTI

Historically proteases have been associated with tumor progression and metastasis through degradation of the basement membrane. However, in recent years these enzymes have also been shown to play key roles in the activation of growth factors and cytokines, thereby activating pro-oncogenic signaling pathways. Matriptase (MT-SP1, ST14) is an epithelia-specific pericellular protease which has received considerable attention in recent years spurred by the consistent dysregulation of the protease in human epithelial tumors including breast cancer. We have performed both functional and mechanistic studies of matriptase in breast cancer …

General Transcription Factors Play Dual Roles In Initiation And Termination, Scott Alan Medler

Wayne State University Dissertations

Gene looping, defined as the interaction of the promoter and the terminator regions of a gene during transcription, is emerging as an important gene regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes. The role of promoter bound general transcription factors during initiation is well established. However, recent studies have revealed that some initiation factors also interact with the 3' end of a gene. The biological role of initiation factors at the 3' end of a gene is unknown. The general transcription factors TFIIB and TFIIH have been found to interact genetically with Ssu72, a component of CPF 3' end processing complex. Accordingly, we found …

Bystander Effects Due To Neutrons, And Low-Dose Hyper-Radiosensitivity To Gamma Rays In Human Cells Using Cytogenetics, Isheeta Seth

Wayne State University Dissertations

Chapter 2:

Micronuclei have been used extensively in studies as an easily-evaluated indicator of DNA damage but little is known about their association with other types of damage such as nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds. Radiation-induced clastogenic events were evaluated via the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in two normal human lymphoblastoid cell lines exposed to neutrons or gamma radiation. Micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds were enumerated by recording the coincident presence of these endpoints within individual cells, and the associations among these three endpoints were evaluated for all treatment conditions. The common odds ratios for micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges were …

Role Of The Pkna And Pknb Kinases In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Tripti Anandan

Wayne State University Dissertations

To respond to environmental changes, M. tuberculosis possesses eleven "eukaryotic-type" Ser/Thr protein kinases. The aim of the study described in this dissertation was to identify role of two of these kinases; PknA and PknB that are essential in M. tuberculosis. Two approaches are described to screen for potential in vivo substrates of PknA/PknB. First approach is based on proteomic search by over-expressing PknA/PknB in M. tuberculosis. Proteomic search led to identification of proteasome to be a substrate of PknA and PknB in M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, I demonstrate that the phosphorylation of PrcA and PrcB by PknA regulates processing of Pre-PrcB. …

Regulation Of Inositol Biosynthesis And Cellular Consequences Of Inositol Depletion: Implications For The Mechanism Of Action Of Valproate, Rania M. Deranieh

Wayne State University Dissertations

Inositol is a six-carbon cyclitol that is ubiquitous in biological systems. It is a precursor for the synthesis of numerous biologically important compounds, including inositol phosphates and phosphoinositides that are essential for cell function and viability. Inositol compounds play a role in membrane formation, gene regulation, signaling, regulation of ion channels, and membrane trafficking. Furthermore, inositol regulates hundreds of genes, including those involved in the biosynthesis of inositol and phospholipids. While transcriptional regulation of inositol biosynthesis has been extensively studied and well characterized, regulation of inositol biosynthesis at the enzymatic level has not been addressed. The current study shows that …

Sex And Heterochromatin: An Investigation Of Sexual Dimorphism In Drosophila Melanogaster, Manasi S. Apte

Wayne State University Dissertations

Over 30% of Drosophila genome is assembled into heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is relatively gene poor, transcriptionally less active and remains condensed during interphase. Previous studies established that roX RNA and some of the Male Specific Lethal (MSL) proteins, all components of the dosage compensation complex, are required for full expression of autosomal heterochromatic genes in male flies but not in females. This was surprising since heterochromatin is generally not thought to be sexually dimorphic. The genetic basis for the regulation of sex-specific heterochromatin was completely unknown.

To determine if roX RNAs localize directly at the heterochromatic regions that they regulate, I …

Cytogenetic Evaluation Of Low Dose Hyper-Radiosensitivity In Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines Exposed To Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation., Gnanada Sameer Joshi

Wayne State University Dissertations

The dose-effect relationships of cells exposed to ionizing radiation are frequently described by linear quadratic (LQ) models over an extended dose range. However, many mammalian cell lines, when acutely irradiated in G2 at doses below 30 cGy, show hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS) as measured by reduced clonogenic cell survival, thereby indicating greater cell lethality than is predicted by extrapolation from high-dose responses. We therefore hypothesized that the cytogenetic response in G2 cells to low doses would also be steeper than predicted by LQ extrapolation from high doses. We tested our hypothesis by exposing four normal human lymphoblastoid cell lines to 0 - …

The Tumor-Suppressive Role Of Secreted Maspin Via The Exosomes, Ivory Dean

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation highlights several novel findings. Maspin has been consistently detected in the conditioned media of maspin-expressing cells of normal and tumor breast, prostate and lung origin. Furthermore, extracellular maspin has been demonstrated to have anti-tumor effects. Interestingly, maspin has been reported as cargo of the exosomes, which highlights one of the secretion mechanisms of maspin. Maspin secretion as an exosomal molecule was verified by electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, light scattering dynamic analysis and immunoblot analysis.

The data showed that exosomes derived from the non-malignant cell lines have two distinct populations that do no overlap in their size distributions. …

Feeding Interactions Between Juvenile And Adult Flightless Cormorants., James Hayward, Libby C. Megna, Brianna G. Payne

Faculty Publications

We report observations on chick feedings by adult Flightless Cormorants Phalacrocorax harrisi, indicating that, contrary to the literature, the sequence of interaction is similar to that of other Pelecaniformes.

Egg Cannibalism In A Gull Colony Increases With Sea Surface Temperature, Lynelle M. Weldon, Shandelle M. Henson, James Hayward, Brianna G. Payne, Libby C. Megna, Andre E. Moncrieff

Faculty Publications

Cannibalism occurs regularly across a broad range of taxa with a variety of ecological and evolutionary consequences. Rises in sea surface temperature (SST) have been linked to increased cannibalism in some species, including polar bears (Ursus maritimus), Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens), and Peruvian hake (Merluccius gayi peruanus), and might be expected in birds that depend on marine food webs for sustenance. Increased SSTs are associated with lowered ocean thermoclines and weakened upwellings. These changes, in turn, lead to decreased productivity in surface water and movement of surviving forage fish to deeper water, thereby food-stressing surface feeders such as gulls, diminishing …

Use Of Lovastatin In Fibroblast Healing And Inhibition Of Hmgcoa, Alex Kearns

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Ribosome-Binding And Activity Of Release Factor 2 In The Presence Of L-Tryptophan, Nuzhat Majid

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Spawning Comparison Of Luxilus Chrysocephalus And Campostoma Oligolepis, Christopher Messer

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Crispr-Cas Gene Engineering And The Characterization Of Cis-Regulatory Elements (Cres) In The Non-Coding Genome, Garrett Wilson

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Cranial Morphometrics Of The Dire Wolf, Canis Dirus, At Rancho La Brea: Temporal Variability And Its Links To Nutrient Stress And Climate, F. Robin O'Keefe, Wendy J. Binder, Stephen R. Frost, Rudyard W. Sadlier, Blaire Van Valkenburgh

Biology Faculty Works

The tar pits of Rancho La Brea are a unique window onto the biology and ecology of the terminal Pleistocene in southern California. In this study we capitalize on recent advances in understanding of La Brea tar pit chronology to perform the first morphometric study of crania of the dire wolf, Canis dirus, over time. We first present new data on tooth fracture and wear from pits dated older than heretofore analyzed, and demonstrate that fracture and wear events, and the increased competition and heightened carcass utilization they are thought to represent, were of varying intensity across the sampled …

Pvr Expression Regulators In Equilibrium Signal Control And Maintenance Of Drosophila Blood Progenitors, Bama C.Haran Mondal, Jiwon Shim, Cory J. Evans, Utpal Banerjee

Biology Faculty Works

Blood progenitors within the lymph gland, a larval organ that supports hematopoiesis in Drosophila melanogaster, are maintained by integrating signals emanating from niche-like cells and those from differentiating blood cells. We term the signal from differentiating cells the ‘equilibrium signal’ in order to distinguish it from the ‘niche signal’. Earlier we showed that equilibrium signaling utilizes Pvr (the Drosophila PDGF/VEGF receptor), STAT92E, and adenosine deaminase-related growth factor A (ADGF-A) (Mondal et al., 2011). Little is known about how this signal initiates during hematopoietic development. To identify new genes involved in lymph gland blood progenitor maintenance, particularly those involved in equilibrium …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Neuropilin-Ligand Binding, Matthew W. Parker

Theses and Dissertations--Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

Neuropilin (Nrp) is an essential cell surface receptor with dual functionality in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. The first identified Nrp-ligand family was the Semaphorin-3 (Sema3) family of axon repulsion molecules. Subsequently, Nrp was found to serve as a receptor for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of pro-angiogenic cytokines. In addition to its physiological role, VEGF signaling via Nrp directly contributes to cancer stemness, growth, and metastasis. Thus, the Nrp/VEGF signaling axis is a promising anti-cancer therapeutic target. Interestingly, it has recently been shown that Sema3 and VEGF are functionally opposed to one another, with Sema3 possessing potent …

Exploring How Middle School Students' Epistemologies In Practice Change Across Time With Varying Content Areas And Knowledge Product Contexts, Mackenzie Evan English

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Recently, the National Research Council developed A Framework for K-12 Science Education (NRC, 2012), to support a new vision of science education. The Framework (2012) focuses on three integrated dimensions--disciplinary core ideas, crosscutting concepts, and scientific and engineering practices which is different than traditional ways of learning science. I focused on students' engagement in scientific practices, attention to epistemological practices (EIP) that guide students' construction, evaluation and revision of knowledge products. I examined how students EIP's changed over time and across contexts with respect to different knowledge product types (models and explanations). I present data from 103, 6th grade students …