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2011

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Articles 991 - 1020 of 1064

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Human Hunting Mortality Threshold Rules For Extinction In Mammals (And Fish), Eric Charnov, Wenyun Zuo Jan 2011

Human Hunting Mortality Threshold Rules For Extinction In Mammals (And Fish), Eric Charnov, Wenyun Zuo

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

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Molecular Cloning, Characterization, And Homologous Expression Of An Endochitinase Gene From Bacillus Thuringiensis Serovar Morrisoni, Sezer Okay, Gülay Özcengi̇z Jan 2011

Molecular Cloning, Characterization, And Homologous Expression Of An Endochitinase Gene From Bacillus Thuringiensis Serovar Morrisoni, Sezer Okay, Gülay Özcengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Biology

The endochitinase gene (chi3023) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) serovar morrisoni strain 3023 was amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned in Escherichia coli. The ORF of chi3023 (GenBank Accession Number: DQ993175) consists of 2031 nucleotides encoding a 676-residue protein with a calculated molecular mass of 74.5 kDa and a pI value of 6.0. The amino acid sequence of Chi3023 was compared with previously sequenced Bt chitinases and the phylogenetic relationships among them were determined. The deduced N-terminal 34 amino acids of the premature Chi3023 exhibited a typical signal peptide. The E. coli-Bt shuttle vector pHT315 was used for homologous …

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Determination And Pathogenicity Of The Bacterial Flora Associated With The Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips Typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), Hacer Muratoğlu, Kazim Sezen, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ Jan 2011

Determination And Pathogenicity Of The Bacterial Flora Associated With The Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips Typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), Hacer Muratoğlu, Kazim Sezen, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ

Turkish Journal of Biology

The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is one of the most serious pests of spruce trees. We identified 8 bacterial isolates from this pest using conventional bacteriological tests (API 20E and API 50CH strips, and VITEK system (bioMerieux) analysis) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Based on these studies, all isolates could be identified to the genus or species level as Bacillus sphaericus (It1), Acinetobacter sp. (It2), Kluyvera cryocrescens (It3), Acinetobacter sp. (It4), Vagococcus sp. (It5), Acinetobacter sp. (It6), Proteus vulgaris (It7), and Serratia liquefaciens (It8). We also evaluated the pathogenicity of these bacteria on …

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Characterization Of Lactococcin Bz Produced By Lactococcus Lactis Subsp. Lactis Bz Isolated From Boza, Di̇dem Şahi̇ngi̇l, Hi̇lal İşleroğlu, Zeli̇ha Yildirim, Mustafa Akçeli̇k, Meti̇n Yildirim Jan 2011

Characterization Of Lactococcin Bz Produced By Lactococcus Lactis Subsp. Lactis Bz Isolated From Boza, Di̇dem Şahi̇ngi̇l, Hi̇lal İşleroğlu, Zeli̇ha Yildirim, Mustafa Akçeli̇k, Meti̇n Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Biology

A bacterium isolated from boza produced in Turkey was identified, and the physico-chemical and microbiological properties of its inhibitory compound were characterized. The isolate was identified as Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, based on morphology, physiology, carbohydrate fermentation, the fatty acid profile, and 16S rDNA gene sequence homology. The antimicrobial compound produced by the microorganism, lactococcin BZ, was sensitive to papain, pepsin, trypsin, and \beta-mercaptoethanol, but was resistant to catalase, amylase, lipase, organic solvents (methanol, chloroform, etc.), detergents (SDS, urea, Tween-80, Triton X-100), and EDTA. Lactococcin BZ was active against several gram-positive and gram-negative foodborne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. Lactococcin …

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The Effects Of The Composition Of Growth Medium And Fermentation Conditions On The Production Of Lipase By R. Delemar, Ünsal Açikel, Mehtap Erşan, Yeşi̇m Sağ Açikel Jan 2011

The Effects Of The Composition Of Growth Medium And Fermentation Conditions On The Production Of Lipase By R. Delemar, Ünsal Açikel, Mehtap Erşan, Yeşi̇m Sağ Açikel

Turkish Journal of Biology

Lipases (triacylglycerol hydrolases) are hydrolytic enzymes that can catalyze the hydrolysis of the ester bond of long-chain acylglycerols at the oil-water interface. The present study investigated the effects of inducers, surface-active materials, activators, and inhibitors in the fermentation medium on lipase activity in Rhizopus delemar. In the presence of certain commercial oils and tributyrin as an inducer, lipase activity decreased in the order of sunflower oil > soybean oil > hazelnut oil > corn oil > tributyrin > olive oil. In addition, the effects of the stirring and aeration rates on lipase activity were investigated. To investigate the effect of surface-active materials on lipase activity …

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Phylogenetic Analysis Of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (Pprv) Isolated In Iran Based On Partial Sequence Data From The Fusion (F) Protein Gene, Majid Esmaelizad, Saber Jelokhani-Niaraki, Rohani Kargar-Moakhar Jan 2011

Phylogenetic Analysis Of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (Pprv) Isolated In Iran Based On Partial Sequence Data From The Fusion (F) Protein Gene, Majid Esmaelizad, Saber Jelokhani-Niaraki, Rohani Kargar-Moakhar

Turkish Journal of Biology

In order to gain some insight into the origin of the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) isolated in Iran, a selected region of the PPRV genome in a clinical sample collected from a sheep was amplified using RT-PCR, and the resulting amplicon was sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The partial nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of the Iranian isolate was aligned with the corresponding sequences of 16 previously published F genes. Sequence analysis of the strains showed that the Iranian isolate had the highest degree of homology with the majority of the strains, with the exception of Nigerian isolates …

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Effects Of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Glomus Intraradices On Photosynthetic Pigments, Antioxidant Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation, And Chromium Accumulation In Maize Plants Treated With Chromium, Raziyeh Rahmaty, Jalil Khara Jan 2011

Effects Of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Glomus Intraradices On Photosynthetic Pigments, Antioxidant Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation, And Chromium Accumulation In Maize Plants Treated With Chromium, Raziyeh Rahmaty, Jalil Khara

Turkish Journal of Biology

Contamination of soil and ground water by chromium (Cr), due to its wide industrial use, has become a serious source of concern over the past decade. In this study a glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices on Cr toxicity in maize plants. Half of the plants were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF). Cr was supplied in the form of potassium dichromate at 0.00, 0.10, 0.25, and 0.50 mM through irrigation water in a sand culture. At the end of the experiment, it was observed that Cr had significantly decreased the …

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Is The Induction Of H_2o_2-Detoxifying Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Sufficient To Protect Barley Cultivars From Oxidative Stress By Uv-B Irradiation Alone Or Pretreatment With High Temperature And Nacl?, Hüsnü Çakirlar, Nuran Çi̇çek, Yasemi̇n Ekmekçi̇ Jan 2011

Is The Induction Of H_2o_2-Detoxifying Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Sufficient To Protect Barley Cultivars From Oxidative Stress By Uv-B Irradiation Alone Or Pretreatment With High Temperature And Nacl?, Hüsnü Çakirlar, Nuran Çi̇çek, Yasemi̇n Ekmekçi̇

Turkish Journal of Biology

Ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation has an adverse effect on plant cells because it causes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This is scavenged by some endogenous defense systems. In this study, the activities of H_2O_2-detoxifying antioxidant enzymes in 4 barley cultivars pretreated with high temperature or NaCl before UV-B irradiation were investigated. The stress response in the seedlings was determined by measuring the photosynthetic performance index (PI), which significantly decreased in all barley cultivars under almost all treatments compared to their controls. Activities of 3 H_2O_2-detoxifying antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and peroxidase) significantly increased as a result …

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The Effects Of Uv Radiation On Some Structural And Ultrastructural Parameters In Pepper (Capsicum Longum A.Dc.), Siavash Hosseini Sarghein, Jirair Carapetian, Jalil Khara Jan 2011

The Effects Of Uv Radiation On Some Structural And Ultrastructural Parameters In Pepper (Capsicum Longum A.Dc.), Siavash Hosseini Sarghein, Jirair Carapetian, Jalil Khara

Turkish Journal of Biology

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on the structure and ultrastructure of pepper plants (Capsicum longum A.DC.) exposed to UV radiation under greenhouse conditions. The plants were grown in a growth chamber under uniform environmental conditions and after 35 days were exposed to UV-A and UV-C radiation for 15 and 8 days, respectively. Changes in root growth were not significant, but shoot growth decreased in UV-R-exposed plants and decreased significantly in UV-C-exposed plants. Leaf area also decreased in UV-R-exposed plants and decreased significantly in UV-C-exposed plants. Root thickness was not affected by UV treatment, but stem …

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Chromosomal Differentiation Between Populations Of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) From The Göksu Delta And Orontes River (Turkey), Arzu Karahan, Serap Ergene Jan 2011

Chromosomal Differentiation Between Populations Of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) From The Göksu Delta And Orontes River (Turkey), Arzu Karahan, Serap Ergene

Turkish Journal of Biology

The karyotype of Clarias gariepinus was described by means of G-banding, C-banding, Q-banding, and Ag-NORs (NORs) staining in this study. Samples were collected from 2 regions of Turkey: the Göksu Delta and Orontes River. Although samples from both regions had the same diploid chromosome number and fundamental arm number, (2n = 56, FN = 100), they had remarkable differences in karyotype formula and distribution of rDNA sites, according to silver nitrate staining and G-banding. While the karyotype formula for Orontes River samples was 24m + 10sm + 10st + 12a, the Göksu Delta samples' was 28m + 6sm + 10st …

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Biochemical Factors Involved In The Resistance Of Some Smoked Tropical Fish Samples To Insect Attack, Akinola John Akintola, Oluwatoyin Lawal Jan 2011

Biochemical Factors Involved In The Resistance Of Some Smoked Tropical Fish Samples To Insect Attack, Akinola John Akintola, Oluwatoyin Lawal

Turkish Journal of Biology

The role of mineral elements (ppm), protein and oil content (%), and saponification and free fatty acid values in contributing to resistance against insect infestation was investigated in 4 fish species: Clarias gariepinus, Parachuma obscura, Hydrocynus sp., and Malapterus electricus. Smoked fish samples were purchased from a local market in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, packaged, and maintained at 4 ^°C for 7 days. They were later brought out to acclimatise, and then observed for 4 months for possible natural insect infestation. Next, crushed samples of each species were analysed using conventional chemical analysis in order to assess the role of …

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The Effect Of Diazinon On Egg Fertility And Development In Drosophila Melanogaster, Ayla Karataş, Zafer Bahçeci̇, Ensar Başpinar Jan 2011

The Effect Of Diazinon On Egg Fertility And Development In Drosophila Melanogaster, Ayla Karataş, Zafer Bahçeci̇, Ensar Başpinar

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study investigated the effects of diazinon, an organic phosphoric insecticide, on some developmental features of Drosophila melanogaster. The aim was to determine if any developmental inhibition occurs when diazinon is applied and if so, to determine which developmental stages are affected. Therefore, diazinon was applied to Drosophila melanogaster eggs, larvae, and adults, and its effects were observed. During the experiments 3 concentrations with values lower than LC_{50} were utilized (6 × 10^{-5}, 6 × 10^{-6}, 6 × 10^{-7} ppm). Diazinon solution was applied to Drosophila melanogaster by means of nutrition, adding it to the culture medium. The results show …

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Antioxidant Properties Of Different Extracts Of Black Mulberry (Morus Nigra L.), Türkan Kutlu, Gökhan Durmaz, Burhan Ateş, İsmet Yilmaz, M. Şevket Çeti̇n Jan 2011

Antioxidant Properties Of Different Extracts Of Black Mulberry (Morus Nigra L.), Türkan Kutlu, Gökhan Durmaz, Burhan Ateş, İsmet Yilmaz, M. Şevket Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

In vitro antioxidant properties of 3 different extracts of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) were investigated. Acidified methanol, acidified water, and non-acidified methanol/water solutions were used to prepare extracts. Different solvents caused different protonation on black mulberry anthocyanin structures, which were predicted according to their UV-VIS spectrum. Extracts indicated 2 main peaks at about ~280 and ~520 nm with different peak areas in their UV-VIS spectrum. The rank of extracts' total phenolic content and reducing power values were both found to be in correlation with their absorbance at ~280 nm. Meanwhile the same relationship was observed between DPPH scavenging activity …

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117-124 Chlorococcal Chlorophyte Composition, Community Structure, And Seasonal Variations In The Shallow Lakes Of The Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey, Faruk Maraşlioğlu, Eli̇f Neyran Soylu, Ari̇f Gönülol Jan 2011

117-124 Chlorococcal Chlorophyte Composition, Community Structure, And Seasonal Variations In The Shallow Lakes Of The Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey, Faruk Maraşlioğlu, Eli̇f Neyran Soylu, Ari̇f Gönülol

Turkish Journal of Biology

The chlorococcal chlorophyte community structure and seasonal variations in terms of species composition and abundance of dominant species in Tatlı, Gıcı, Liman, and Cernek lakes (Samsun, Turkey) were investigated between 1996 and 2003. Species richness and diversity (Shannon-Weaver, H^') were measured monthly from stations at the surface of each lake. Changes in the Chlorococcales community structure were examined with nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinations. A total of 36 Chlorococcales species were identified in these lakes located in the Kızılırmak Delta. While the Chlorococcales composition was similar in Tatlı, Gıcı, and Liman lakes, Cernek Lake showed different seasonal trends, indicating high …

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Application Of Est-Ssrs To Examine Genetic Diversity In Eggplant And Its Close Relatives, Yeli̇z Tümbi̇len, Anne Frary, Marie-Christine Daunay, Sami̇ Doğanlar Jan 2011

Application Of Est-Ssrs To Examine Genetic Diversity In Eggplant And Its Close Relatives, Yeli̇z Tümbi̇len, Anne Frary, Marie-Christine Daunay, Sami̇ Doğanlar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Within the genus Solanum, the term 'eggplant' encompasses several cultivated species that are used for food and, to a lesser extent, for medicine. The use of one common name to describe more than one species and the existence of many related wild species have led to taxonomic confusion which, in turn, have complicated analyses of evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity within this groups of species. A further challenge for eggplant research is that, despite the fact that the use of molecular markers for phylogenetic studies is well-established, very few studies have described the development of new markers for eggplant. In …

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Uv-B Induces Cell Death In The Lichen Physcia Semipinnata (J.F.Gmel), Di̇lek Ünal, Yi̇ği̇t Uyanikgi̇l Jan 2011

Uv-B Induces Cell Death In The Lichen Physcia Semipinnata (J.F.Gmel), Di̇lek Ünal, Yi̇ği̇t Uyanikgi̇l

Turkish Journal of Biology

We have examined the consequences of Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation in the thallus of the lichen Physcia semipinnata (J.F.Gmel) in terms of cell viability and apoptotic-like formation. UV-B induced oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation was detected by TUNEL assay and this is the first study showing DNA fragmentation in thalli. The intensity of TUNEL-positive cells after exposure to UV-B at doses up to 95.9 J/cm2 was higher in the photobiont layer than the mycobiont layer.

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Positive Correlation Between Malathion Resistance And Fecundity Within Natural Populations Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Burcu Koçak Memmi̇, Emel Atli Jan 2011

Positive Correlation Between Malathion Resistance And Fecundity Within Natural Populations Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Burcu Koçak Memmi̇, Emel Atli

Turkish Journal of Biology

The correlation between malathion resistance and fecundity was investigated in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Previous studies have shown that insecticide resistance is negatively correlated with reproductive components in insects. To investigate this relationship, the fecundity (egg production) was determined in 2 natural and 2 esterase 6 (Est-6) marker populations (4016 and 4211) and malathion resistance levels (LC_{50}) were determined in the 4 populations of D. melanogaster. The resistance levels and Est-6 allozyme frequencies were compared to the results of 2 natural populations from Turkey (Antakya-Centre and Antalya-Serik) estimated in previous studies. In addition, malathion resistance levels (LC_{50}) were determined …

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The Toxicity Of A Synthetic Industrial Detergent And A Corrosion Inhibitor To Brackish Water Fish (Tilapia Guineensis), Dori̇s Fouwe Ogeleka, Lawrence Ikechukwu Ezemonye, Feli̇x E. Okieimen Jan 2011

The Toxicity Of A Synthetic Industrial Detergent And A Corrosion Inhibitor To Brackish Water Fish (Tilapia Guineensis), Dori̇s Fouwe Ogeleka, Lawrence Ikechukwu Ezemonye, Feli̇x E. Okieimen

Turkish Journal of Biology

The lethal effects resulting from incessant release of toxic surfactant-containing industrial chemicals into the Niger Delta Ecological Zone of Nigeria was studied using a laboratory toxicity test. The study employed the Organisation for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD) 203 protocol. The test organism (Tilapia guineensis [fish]) was obtained from a brackish water environment and exposed to Neatex (industrial detergent) and Norust CR 486 (corrosion inhibitor) at concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L for 96 h. The ecological endpoint considered was mortality at 96 h, and the results obtained indicate that concentration and duration of exposure influenced the …

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Significance Of Absorption Spectra For The Chemotaxonomic Characterization Of Pigmented Bacteria, Nuretti̇n Şahi̇n Jan 2011

Significance Of Absorption Spectra For The Chemotaxonomic Characterization Of Pigmented Bacteria, Nuretti̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

A method for characterizing pigmented bacteria based on the numerical analysis of their carotenoid absorption spectra was examined. To achieve this, some non-phototrophic pigmented bacteria that were isolated from various environments and closely related types of species were used. Bacterial carotenoid pigments were extracted with an acetone:methanol (7:2) mixture and the absorption spectra were determined. Data were normalized, and their first derivatives were analyzed using Ward clustering algorithms. Based on the spectral data, isolates were separated into 7 groups. Characterization based on derivative pigment spectral data showed good agreement statistically with biochemical characterization results. The Mantel test indicated that the …

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Influence Of Process Parameters On The Production Of Detergent Compatible Alkaline Protease By A Newly Isolated Bacillus Sp. Y., Shivakumar Srividya, Majumdar Mala Jan 2011

Influence Of Process Parameters On The Production Of Detergent Compatible Alkaline Protease By A Newly Isolated Bacillus Sp. Y., Shivakumar Srividya, Majumdar Mala

Turkish Journal of Biology

Detergent compatible alkaline protease production by a newly isolated Bacillus sp.Y from laundry soil was studied under shake flask conditions in growth medium comprised (g/L): peptone, 1; NaCl, 5; skim milk, 100; Na_2CO_3, 4. Different environmental process parameters such as fermentation period, initial pH, incubation temperature, and nutritional parameters such as supplementation of different starch sources and nitrogen sources were standardized for the maximum yield of alkaline protease. Rice flour showed an almost 2.2-fold increase in protease activity followed by wheat flour, which showed a 1.85-fold increase over the basal media. However, supplementation of potato starch, corn starch, and ragi …

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Prevalence Of Thermoactinomyces Thalpophilus And T. Sacchari Strains With Biotechnological Potential At Hot Springs And Soils From West Anatolia In Turkey, Ataç Uzel, Eli̇f Esi̇n Hameş Kocabaş, Erdal Bedi̇r Jan 2011

Prevalence Of Thermoactinomyces Thalpophilus And T. Sacchari Strains With Biotechnological Potential At Hot Springs And Soils From West Anatolia In Turkey, Ataç Uzel, Eli̇f Esi̇n Hameş Kocabaş, Erdal Bedi̇r

Turkish Journal of Biology

Hot spring sediment and soil samples from West Anatolia in Turkey were investigated for the occurrence of thermophilic Actinomycetes. Isolation was done using Actinomycetes isolation agar (AIA), starch casein agar and glycerol yeast extract agar at 55 °C. Extracellular protease activity of the isolates were screened by using AIA plus 1% casein according to the hydrolysis zones surrounding the colonies. Antimicrobial activities of the isolates were also screened by using streaked plate method against a panel of test bacteria. Identification of the isolates was made by cultural, physiological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence similarity. Sixty-seven thermophilic Actinomycetes isolates were classified …

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Possible Seasonal Variation Of The Fatty Acid Composition From Melanopsis Praemorsa (L., 1758) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia), From Southeast Anatolia, Turkey, İhsan Eki̇n, Mehmet Başhan, Ridvan Şeşen Jan 2011

Possible Seasonal Variation Of The Fatty Acid Composition From Melanopsis Praemorsa (L., 1758) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia), From Southeast Anatolia, Turkey, İhsan Eki̇n, Mehmet Başhan, Ridvan Şeşen

Turkish Journal of Biology

Possible seasonal variations of the fatty acid composition (neutral lipid, phospholipid, and total lipid content) of the freshwater snail Melanopsis praemorsa were investigated over the course of a year. Snail body lipids were fractionated by thin layer chromatography. Fatty acid composition of total body lipid, phospholipid, and neutral lipid of whole snail and total lipid of their algal food were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The most abundant fatty acids were C16:0, C18:0, C16:1\omega7, C18:1\omega9, C18:2\omega6, and C18:3\omega3 acids in the lipid analyses of the snail and in its food. Odd-numbered fatty acids and C20 polyunsaturated …

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Influence Of Salinity On The Growth And Heavy Metal Accumulation Capacity Of Spirodela Polyrrhiza (Lemnaceae), Zeli̇ha Leblebi̇ci̇, Ahmet Aksoy, Fati̇h Duman Jan 2011

Influence Of Salinity On The Growth And Heavy Metal Accumulation Capacity Of Spirodela Polyrrhiza (Lemnaceae), Zeli̇ha Leblebi̇ci̇, Ahmet Aksoy, Fati̇h Duman

Turkish Journal of Biology

Given that the characteristic of free floating plants to uptake metals can have a positive effect on the efficiency of the remediation process of a wetland, it is important to investigate the factors that may impact the process of uptake of metals by the plants. By conducting this present study over a short duration of time, the effects of salinity on the growth, the content of the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid), and heavy metal uptake by Spirodela polyrrhiza were investigated. It was also observed that at a high level of salinity (100 and 200 mM NaCl) the …

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Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity Of Turkish Endemic Sonchus Erzincanicus Extracts, Ahmet Mavi̇, Ni̇met Yi̇ği̇t, Demet Yi̇ği̇t, Ali̇ Kandemi̇r Jan 2011

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity Of Turkish Endemic Sonchus Erzincanicus Extracts, Ahmet Mavi̇, Ni̇met Yi̇ği̇t, Demet Yi̇ği̇t, Ali̇ Kandemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Biology

Sonchus erzincanicus (Asteraceae) is a plant species that is endemic to Turkey and grows in Erzincan. Lipid peroxidation inhibition, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and total phenolic content of the methanol and water extracts of the plant were determined. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was also tested against 107 clinical isolates of human pathogenic microorganism strains belonging to Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans using the disc-diffusion method, and the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) value of each active extract was determined. The extracts were observed to have antioxidant potential, although no better than …

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Evaluation Of Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, And Antioxidant Potentials Of Some Edible Oils And Their Fatty Acid Profiles, İlkay Erdoğan Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Bi̇lge Şener Jan 2011

Evaluation Of Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, And Antioxidant Potentials Of Some Edible Oils And Their Fatty Acid Profiles, İlkay Erdoğan Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Bi̇lge Şener

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the current study, the oils obtained from the nuts of Corylus avellana L. (hazelnut), Arachis hypogea L. (peanut, groundnut), Pinus pinea L. (umbrella nut), and Juglans regia L. (walnut) were tested for their antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and antimicrobial activity against the standard and isolated strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis as well as the fungi Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis by microdilution method, in which inhibition was expressed as minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs). Moreover, antiviral activity of the oils was determined using Herpes simplex (HSV) …

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The Composition Of The Essential Oils Of Calamintha Pamphylica Subspecies, Sevi̇m Alan, Mi̇ne Kürkçüoğlu, K.H.C. Başer Jan 2011

The Composition Of The Essential Oils Of Calamintha Pamphylica Subspecies, Sevi̇m Alan, Mi̇ne Kürkçüoğlu, K.H.C. Başer

Turkish Journal of Biology

The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Calamintha pamphylica Boiss. & Heldr. subsp. pamphylica (A,B), subsp. davisii (Quezel & Contandr.) P.H.Davis (C,D,E), and subsp. alanyense S.Alan & Ocak (F) were analyzed using GC/MS. Menthyl acetate (26.2%-40.7%), menthol (13.5%-18.7%), and pulegone (7.7%-13.0%) were the main constituents in samples A and B; menthone (21.7%), pulegone (19.7%), and menthyl acetate (9.8%) were detected in sample C; isomenthyl acetate (16.7%), isomenthone (13.4%), and menthyl acetate (13.0%) were detected in sample D; menthyl acetate (20.9%), menthol (15.4%), and menthone (14.7%) were detected in sample E; and hexadecanoic acid (30.1%), menthyl acetate …

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Molecular Diversity Of Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated From Pasinler Hot Spring (Erzurum, Turkey), Ahmet Adigüzel, Kadri̇ye İnan, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n, Tüli̇n Arasoğlu, Medi̇ne Güllüce, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz, Özlem Bariş Jan 2011

Molecular Diversity Of Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated From Pasinler Hot Spring (Erzurum, Turkey), Ahmet Adigüzel, Kadri̇ye İnan, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n, Tüli̇n Arasoğlu, Medi̇ne Güllüce, Ali̇ Osman Beldüz, Özlem Bariş

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present study was conducted to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of thermophilic bacteria isolated from Pasinler hot spring, Erzurum, Turkey. Fatty acid profiles, BOX PCR fingerprints, and 16S rDNA sequence data were used for the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of thermophilic bacteria. Totally 9 different bacterial strains were selected based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical tests. These strains were characterized by molecular tests including fatty acid and BOX profiles, and 16S rDNA sequence. The data of fatty acid analysis showed the presence of 14 different fatty acids in the 9 bacterial strains examined. Additionally, 5 of these fatty …

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An Entomopathogenic Bacterium, Pseudomonas Putida, From Leptinotarsa Decemlineata, Hacer Muratoğlu, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ, Kazim Sezen Jan 2011

An Entomopathogenic Bacterium, Pseudomonas Putida, From Leptinotarsa Decemlineata, Hacer Muratoğlu, Zi̇hni̇ Demi̇rbağ, Kazim Sezen

Turkish Journal of Biology

The Colorado Potato Beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Col.: Chrysomelidae), is a pre-eminent pest on solanaceous crops worldwide, and much research has focused on the different components of its variable population dynamics. L. decemlineata has developed resistance to insecticides used for its control. Consequently, alternative methods are needed urgently for the control of this pest. In this study, in order to find a more effective and safer biological control agent against L. decemlineata, we isolated a new bacterial isolate (Ld4) from L. decemlineata, and tested it for insecticidal effects on L. decemlineata larvae. Also, the insecticidal effect of Ld4 was …

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Effects Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria On Fruit Set, Pomological And Chemical Characteristics, Color Values, And Vegetative Growth Of Sour Cherry (Prunus Cerasus Cv. Kütahya), Hali̇l Karakurt, Recep Kotan, Fati̇h Dadaşoğlu, Rafet Aslantaş, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n Jan 2011

Effects Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria On Fruit Set, Pomological And Chemical Characteristics, Color Values, And Vegetative Growth Of Sour Cherry (Prunus Cerasus Cv. Kütahya), Hali̇l Karakurt, Recep Kotan, Fati̇h Dadaşoğlu, Rafet Aslantaş, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was performed to determine effects of 4 plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Bacillus subtilis OSU - 142, Bacillus megaterium M - 3, Burkholderia cepacia OSU - 7, and Pseudomonas putida BA - 8) alone and in combinations on fruit set of sour cherry trees (Prunus cerasus L., cv. Kütahya), and to investigate their resulting pomological and chemical characteristics as well as vegetative growth. All the tested bacterial strains alone or some of their combinations have a great potential to increase especially fruit set and plant vegetative growth, and indirectly affect fruit pomological and chemical characteristics. Therefore, they may be …

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The Protective Effect Of Boric Acid On Aluminum-Induced Hepatotoxicity And Genotoxicity In Rats, Hasan Türkez, Fati̇me Geyi̇koğlu, Suat Çolak Jan 2011

The Protective Effect Of Boric Acid On Aluminum-Induced Hepatotoxicity And Genotoxicity In Rats, Hasan Türkez, Fati̇me Geyi̇koğlu, Suat Çolak

Turkish Journal of Biology

The efficacy of boric acid (BA) was examined on liver marker enzymes in aluminum (Al)-treated rats. Also, a liver micronucleus assay was performed to evaluate the genotoxicity in hepatocytes. With these aims, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly separated into 10 groups of 5 animals. Aluminum chloride (5 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) AlCl3) and BA (3.25, 13, 36 and 58.5 mg/kg b.w.) alone were administered with injections to the experimental animals. Furthermore, the animals were also treated with Al for 4 consecutive days followed by BA exposure for 10 days. The rats were anesthetized after Al and BA injections and the levels …

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