Biology Commons^™

Effects Of Indoleacetic Acid And Kinetin On Lipid Peroxidation Levels In Various Rat Tissues, İsmai̇l Çeli̇k, Yasi̇n Tülüce, Necati̇ Özok

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was carried out to investigate whether plant growth regulators (PGRs) could affect lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde = MDA level) in erythrocyte, muscle, liver, heart and kidney tissue. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three experimental groups: control and PGR-treated (indoleacetic acid and kinetin). Seventy-five ppm of PGRs, indoleacetic acid (IAA), and kinetin were administered orally to 6 rats ad libitum for 25 days. The hormone treatments caused different effects on the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) to those of the control rats. According to the results, while liver and kidney MDA levels were increased significantly by IAA administration in …

Antimicrobial And Cytotoxic Activities Of Ceratonia Siliqua L. Extracts, Bi̇jen Kivçak, Tuba Mert, H. Tansel Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Biology

The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of n-hexane, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and water extracts of Ceratonia siliqua L. leaves were evaluated in this study. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were reported against Escherichia coli ATCC 29998, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Escherichia coli ATCC 11230, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538P, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Salmonella thyphimurium CCM 5445, Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 13047, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC 27853 as bacteria and Candida albicans ATCC 10239 as yeast-like fungi by the disc diffusion method. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was evaluated by …

Antimicrobial Peptides: A Potential Therapeutic Alternative For The Treatment Of Fish Diseases, Ali̇ye Sarmaşik

Turkish Journal of Biology

Fish losses from infectious diseases are a significant problem in aquaculture worldwide. However, peptide antibiotics show potent activity against a broad range of pathogens including fish pathogens. Therefore, the ability of antimicrobial peptides to protect fish against infections caused by fish pathogens clearly shows the potential for utilisation of antimicrobial peptides for the treatment of fish diseases. The strategy of overexpressing the antimicrobial peptide genes in transgenic fish may provide a method of decreasing fish disease problems in aquaculture.

Some Properties Of Crude Carboxymethyl Cellulase Of Aspergillus Niger Z10 Wild-Type Strain, Gökhan Coral, Burhan Arikan, M. Ni̇sa Ünaldi, Hati̇ce Güvenmez

Turkish Journal of Biology

A carboxymethyl cellulase enzyme was prepared from a wild type strain of Aspergillus niger Z10. Analyses of the enzyme preparation by SDS-PAGE revealed two protein bands showing cellulolytic activity. The molecular weight of these bands was estimated to be around 83,000 and 50,000. The optimum temperature of the enzyme was observed to be around 40 °C. It was found that the enzyme's activity has a broad pH range between 3 to 9 and 41.2% of the original activity was retained after heat treatment at 90 °C for 15 min.

Production Of Poly-B-Hydroxybutyrate (Phb) By Some Rhizobium Bacteria, Nazi̇me Mercan, Belma Aslim, Zehra Nur Yüksekdağ, Yavuz Beyatli

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, the production of Poly-b-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) was determined in 1 Rhizobium japonicum, 6 Rhizobium cicer, 8 Rhizobium spp. and Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110. The content of according to dry cell weight was determined to be 1.38-40.0%. In our study, Rhizobium spp. 2426, which produced the highest percentage yield of PHB, and Rhizobium spp. 640, which produced the intermediate percentage yield of PHB, were first selected among all the strains, and then the effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on PHB production in these strains was tested. While the strains produced less PHB in yeast extract mannitol (YEM) …

Epipelic And Epilithic Algae Of The Yedigöller Lakes (Erzurum-Turkey), Bülent Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

The epipelic and epilithic algae of the Yedigöller Lakes were studied qualitatively between June and September 2001. As a result 90 taxa (43 belonging to Bacillariophyta, 33 to Chlorophyta, 11 to Cyanophyta and three to Euglenophyta) were determined. Based on the algal community composition, the Yedigöller Lakes can be characterized as oligotrophic.

The Treatment Efficiency Of Plankton In The İvedik Drinking Water Treatment Plant, Ankara, Ni̇lsun Demi̇r, Doğan Atay

Turkish Journal of Biology

The phyto-zooplankton composition and some physical and chemical properties of drinking water were investigated in the İvedik water treatment plant. The mean values of phytoplankton abundance were 641±92 and 438±55 ind/ml in the Kurtboğazı and Çamlıdere inlets, respectively. More than 50% of the phytoplankton belonging to the classes Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cryptophyceae and Dinophyceae were removed in the clarifiers. The treatment efficiency of phytoplankton ranged from 89 to 100% after the last chlorination. The mean values of zooplankton abundance were 93±23 and 59±18 ind/l in the Kurtboğazı and Çamlıdere inlets, respectively. The treatment efficiency of zooplankton varied between 97% and 100% …

The Role Of Phospholiphase D In Phospholiphid Transaction During Cotton Seeds Maturation, Muborak Mahmusovna Abdullaeva, Mamura Muhamedovna Mulladganova, Mirzalievna M. Umarova

Turkish Journal of Biology

The role of phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4) was studied in the changing of phospholipid content during cotton seed (Gossipium hirsutum 108-G) maturation. To define phospholipase D activity cotton seed homogenates were incubated in a water-methanol environment at 37 °C for various time intervals (15, 30, 60, 120, and 300 min). Enzyme activity was judged from the formation of hydrolysis products - phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylmethanol. The phospholipid content was defined by using thin-layer chromatography with a follow up analysis of phosphorus quantity in phospholipid fractions. It was shown that phospholipase D displayed two functions during cotton seed maturation: transferase and …

Interactive Biology Learning System (Ibls), Ganapathy Pillay Vija Kumar

Student Works (2000-2009)

Interactive Biology Learning System (IBLS) is a web-based learning-teaching system for upper secondary school level specifically to students who are taking the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). Secondary school students and teachers are the target of this system. It can be a teaching tool or as a self-learning program. The strenght if IBLS is that it provides lessons to educate users on the meaning of biology specifying on the topics namely Life Processes, Green Plants, Human as an Organism, Varition, Inheritance and Evolution. There are tutorials that test the student’s and worksheets that canbe downloaded for further practice. Games …

Genetic Diversity Of Balbiani Ring L Gene In Two Species Of Chironomus, Lola-Mae Palmer

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Differences in genetic composition have been predicted among aquatic midge fly larva called chironomids. Although several genes including microsatellites and ribosomal protein genes have been explored in our lab, the gene that has so far been studied the most is the Balbiani Ring (BR) 1 gene. There are several genes in this family, including Balbiani Ring 2.1, 2.2 and 6. These BR genes are known to contain long arrays of tandemly repeated units with a ranked repeat organization (Paulsson et al.1992). This secretory protein gene forms a large puff located on polytene chromosome IV (Bentivegna et al., 1993). The gene …

Acute And Persistent Effects Of Interleukin-1ss And Stress On The Hpa Axis, Tara Tumminello

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Emergence And Mortality Of Native Prairie Forbs Seeded Into An Established Stand Of Grasses, Dave Williams

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Thousands of hectares of warm-season grass plantings in Iowa have few to no native forbs. Diversifying these species poor plant communities with native prairie forbs could result in increased resistance to climatic extremes, increased biodiversity, reduced noxious "weedy" plant invasion, and reduced geographic isolation between existing native prairie remnants.

I hypothesized that frequent mowing in the first one or two years after broadcasting forb seed into an established stand of warm-season grasses can increase forb emergence and reduce forb mortality. I further hypothesized that fall seeded forbs would establish better that those seeded in spring.

To test my hypothesis, I …

Monitoring Of Prairie Bushclover (Lespedeza Leptostachya) In South-Central Iowa, Paul J. Bockenstedt

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Prairie bushclover Lespedeza leptostachya is listed as threatened by both the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the State of Iowa. Found within the tallgrass prairie region only in four midwestern states, prairie bushclover is considered a midwestern endemic. The federal recovery plan includes the goal to stabilize populations through proper management techniques and long-term management plans.

In 1989, three permanent plots were established for long-term monitoring at Madison Prairie in Clarke County, Iowa to examine population trends under the influences of fire and grazing. Fifty prairie bushclover plants were randomly selected within the three plots and square meter sampling …

Methylation Of Adenine In The Nuclear Dna Of "Tetrahymena" Is Internucleosomal And Independent Of Histone H1, Kathleen M. Karrer, Teresa Ann Van Nuland

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

There are about 50 copies of each chromosome in the somatic macronucleus of the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena. Approximately 0.8% of the adenine residues in the macronuclear DNA of Tetrahymena are methylated to N⁶-methyladenine. The degree of methylation varies between sites from a very low percentage to >90%. In this study a correlation was found between nucleosome positioning and DNA methylation. Eight GATC sites with different levels of methylation were examined. There was a direct correlation between the degree of methylation and proximity to linker DNA at these sites. Although methylation occurs preferentially in linker DNA, the patterns …

The Effects Of Serotonin On Functionally Diverse Isolated Lamprey Spinal Cord Neurons, I. V. Batueva, James T. Buchanan, N. P. Veselkin, E. I. Suderevskaya, E. A. Tsvetkov

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The experiments reported here showed that application of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) (100 µ M) did not induce any significant current through the membranes of any of the spinal neurons studied (n = 62). At the same time, the membranes of most motoneurons and interneurons (15 of 18) underwent slight depolarization (2–6 mV) in the presence of 5-HT, which was not accompanied by any change in the input resistance of the cells. Depolarization to 10–20 mV occurred in some cells (3 of 18) of these functional groups, this being accompanied by 20–60% decreases in input resistance. The same concentration of 5-HT …

Parallelism In Digging Behaviour In Two Distantly Related Decapod Crustaceans, Zen Faulkes

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Walking and swimming are the most common forms of locomotion used routinely by decapod crustaceans, but some have evolved ways of locomoting throughsubstrates, notably sand. Two such digging species, of different infraorders, are spanner crabs (Ranina ranina; Brachyura) and spiny sand crabs (Blepharipoda occidentalis; Anomura). Videotape and electromyogram analysis showed that digging by these species is similar, but Raninahas a wider locomotor repertoire than Blepharipoda: for instance, Raninacan walk forward on the benthos, whereas Blepharipoda(and other sand crabs) cannot walk. Similarly, although both Raninaand Blepharipodadig into the sand using their legs and abdomen, leg movements of Raninaare less stereotyped than …

Effects Of Gibberellic Acid Treatment For Pollen Sterility Induction On The Physiological Activity And Endogenous Hormone Levels Of The Seed In Safflower, Hasan Baydar

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this research, our aim was to determine the effects of gibberellic acid, which was applied to safflower plants (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Dinçer 5-118) for pollen sterility induction, on some physiological activity and endogenous hormone levels of the seeds. Exogenously applied gibberellic acid (GA_3) strongly influenced the endogenous hormone levels of the seeds by decreasing the levels of GA_3 and zeatin, and increasing the levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). The lowered endogenous GA_3/ABA and zeatin/IAA ratios in the seeds significantly decreased the germination percentage and hypocotyl elongation, respectively. The seeds from GA_3 treated plants had …

Piagetian Developmental Reasoning Levels Of High School Students In Differentiated First Year Chemistry Courses, Pamela Kay Brewer-Michael

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

This research studied the developmental reasoning levels of students in three different first year high school chemistry courses as related to achievement defined by cumulative grade point average and course selection. The Lawson Test of Formal Operations modified by Roy Unruh and Bruce Perry at the University of Northern Iowa was used to determine cognitive developmental level of subjects. A consumer type chemistry course, a traditional high school chemistry course, and an honors course under consideration with Marshalltown Community College for credit status were the three courses utilized in this study. Data was collected in a classroom group setting over …

Suitability Of Hsp70 As A Biomarker For Pesticide Contamination Of Aquatic Systems: A Laboratory Investigation Using Chironomus Tentans As A Model, Lori Rae Covington

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Though the use of pesticides has resulted in increased crop production and other benefits, concerns have been raised about potential adverse effects on the environment, especially the hydrologic system which supports aquatic life. To chemically analyze for all possible contaminants at all at-risk sites would not only be costly, but practically infeasible and would yield no information about biological effects. Therefore, a significant portion of the scientific community has turned their investigative focus to biomarkers as a measurement of sublethal contaminant exposure and effect. A biomarker that has been the recent focus of much research is the family of heat …