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Articles 1 - 30 of 179
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Evaluating Kin And Group Selection As Tools For Quantitative Analysis Of Microbial Data, Jeff Smith, Fredrik Inglis
Evaluating Kin And Group Selection As Tools For Quantitative Analysis Of Microbial Data, Jeff Smith, Fredrik Inglis
Biology Department Faculty Works
Kin selection and multilevel selection theory are often used to interpret experiments about the evolution of cooperation and social behaviour among microbes. But while these experiments provide rich, detailed fitness data, theory is mostly used as a conceptual heuristic. Here, we evaluate how kin and multilevel selection theory perform as quantitative analysis tools. We reanalyse published microbial datasets and show that the canonical fitness models of both theories are almost always poor fits because they use statistical regressions misspecified for the strong selection and non-additive effects we show are widespread in microbial systems. We identify analytical practices in empirical research …
Increased Expression Of Fatty Acid And Abc Transporters Enhances Seed Oil Production In Camelina, Guangqin Cai, Geliang Wang, Sang-Chul Kim, Jianwu Li, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang
Increased Expression Of Fatty Acid And Abc Transporters Enhances Seed Oil Production In Camelina, Guangqin Cai, Geliang Wang, Sang-Chul Kim, Jianwu Li, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang
Biology Department Faculty Works
Background Lipid transporters play an essential role in lipid delivery and distribution, but their influence on seed oil production in oilseed crops is not well studied. Results Here, we examined the effect of two lipid transporters, FAX1 (fatty acid export1) and ABCA9 (ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily A9) on oil production and lipid metabolism in the oilseed plant Camelina sativa. Overexpression (OE) of FAX1 and ABCA9 increased seed weight and size, with FAX1-OEs and ABCA9-OEs increasing seed length and width, respectively, whereas FAX1/ABCA9-OEs increasing both. FAX1-OE and ABCA9-OE displayed …
Morphology And Genetics Concur That Anoura Carishina Is A Synonym Of Anoura Latidens (Chiroptera, Glossophaginae), Camilo Calderón-Acevedo, Miguel Rodríguez-Posada, Nathan Muchhala
Morphology And Genetics Concur That Anoura Carishina Is A Synonym Of Anoura Latidens (Chiroptera, Glossophaginae), Camilo Calderón-Acevedo, Miguel Rodríguez-Posada, Nathan Muchhala
Biology Department Faculty Works
Anoura carishina was described based on cranial and dental morphology, but the original analyses did not include Anoura latidens, a similar species of Anoura. We used morphological, morphometric, and genetic analyses to evaluate the taxonomic identity of A. carishina. We performed a principal components analysis to evaluate the correspondence between morphological and taxonomic groups for 260 specimens of large-bodied Anoura (A. carishina, Anoura geoffroyi, A. latidens, and Anoura peruana), and statistically analyzed traits diagnostic for A. latidens, including (1) morphology of the third upper premolar (P4), (2) size of the second (P3) and third (P4) upper premolars, and (3) angle …
Bntir: An Online Transcriptome Platform For Exploring Rna‐Seq Libraries For Oil Crop Brassica Napus, Dongxu Liu, Liangqian Yu, Lulu Wei, Pugang Yu, Jing Wang, Hu Zhao, Yuting Zhang, Shuntai Zhang, Zhiquan Yang, Guanqun Chen, Xuan Yao, Yanjun Yang, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang, Shaoping Lu, Cheng Dai, Qing-Yong Yang, Liang Guo
Bntir: An Online Transcriptome Platform For Exploring Rna‐Seq Libraries For Oil Crop Brassica Napus, Dongxu Liu, Liangqian Yu, Lulu Wei, Pugang Yu, Jing Wang, Hu Zhao, Yuting Zhang, Shuntai Zhang, Zhiquan Yang, Guanqun Chen, Xuan Yao, Yanjun Yang, Yongming Zhou, Xuemin Wang, Shaoping Lu, Cheng Dai, Qing-Yong Yang, Liang Guo
Biology Department Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Culex Quinquefasciatus: Status As A Threat To Island Avifauna And Options For Genetic Control, Tim Harvey-Samuel, Thomas Ant, Jolene Sutton, Chris Niebuhr, Samoa Asigau, Patricia Parker, Steven Sinkins, Luke Alphey
Culex Quinquefasciatus: Status As A Threat To Island Avifauna And Options For Genetic Control, Tim Harvey-Samuel, Thomas Ant, Jolene Sutton, Chris Niebuhr, Samoa Asigau, Patricia Parker, Steven Sinkins, Luke Alphey
Biology Department Faculty Works
The avifauna endemic to islands is particularly susceptible to population declines and extinctions resulting from the introduction of non-native pathogens. Three pathogens of concern are the avian malaria parasites, the avian poxviruses, and West Nile virus—each of which can be transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus, a highly adaptive and invasive mosquito. Culex quinquefasciatus has dramatically expanded its range in recent centuries and is now established throughout much of the tropics and sub-tropics, including on many islands that are remote from mainland landmasses and where this geographic separation historically protected island species from mosquito-borne diseases. The potential for ecological disruption by Cx. …
Phase Transition Behaviour In Yeast And Bacterial Populations Under Stress, Stephen Ordway, Dawn King, David Friend, Christine Noto, Snowlee Phu, Holly Huelskamp, Fredrik Inglis, Wendy Olivas, Sonya Bahar
Phase Transition Behaviour In Yeast And Bacterial Populations Under Stress, Stephen Ordway, Dawn King, David Friend, Christine Noto, Snowlee Phu, Holly Huelskamp, Fredrik Inglis, Wendy Olivas, Sonya Bahar
Biology Department Faculty Works
Non-equilibrium phase transitions from survival to extinction have recently been observed in computational models of evolutionary dynamics. Dynamical signatures predictive of population collapse have been observed in yeast populations under stress. We experimentally investigate the population response of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to biological stressors (temperature and salt concentration) in order to investigate the system's behaviour in the vicinity of population collapse. While both conditions lead to population decline, the dynamical characteristics of the population response differ significantly depending on the stressor. Under temperature stress, the population undergoes a sharp change with significant fluctuations within a critical temperature range, …
Correction To: High-Coverage Genomes To Elucidate The Evolution Of Penguins, Hailin Pan, Theresa Cole, Xupeng Bi, Miaoquan Fang, Chengran Zhou, Zhengtao Yang, Daniel Ksepka, Tom Hart, Juan Bouzat, Lisa Argilla, Mads Bertelsen, P. Boersma, Charles-Andre Bost, Yves Cherel, Peter Dann, Steven Fiddaman, Pauline Howard, Kim Labuschagne, Thomas Mattern, Gary Miller, Patricia Parker, Richard Phillips, Petra Quillfeldt, Peter Ryan, Helen Taylor, David Thompson, Melanie Young, Martin Ellegaard, M. Thomas Gilbert, Mikkel-Holger Sinding, George Pacheco, Lara Shepherd, Alan Tennyson, Stefanie Grosser, Emily Kay, Lisa Nupen, Ursula Ellenberg, David Houston, Andrew Reeve, Kathryn Johnson, Juan Masello, Thomas Stracke, Bruce Mckinlay, Pablo Garc´Ia Borboroglu, De-Xing Zhang, Guojie Zhang
Correction To: High-Coverage Genomes To Elucidate The Evolution Of Penguins, Hailin Pan, Theresa Cole, Xupeng Bi, Miaoquan Fang, Chengran Zhou, Zhengtao Yang, Daniel Ksepka, Tom Hart, Juan Bouzat, Lisa Argilla, Mads Bertelsen, P. Boersma, Charles-Andre Bost, Yves Cherel, Peter Dann, Steven Fiddaman, Pauline Howard, Kim Labuschagne, Thomas Mattern, Gary Miller, Patricia Parker, Richard Phillips, Petra Quillfeldt, Peter Ryan, Helen Taylor, David Thompson, Melanie Young, Martin Ellegaard, M. Thomas Gilbert, Mikkel-Holger Sinding, George Pacheco, Lara Shepherd, Alan Tennyson, Stefanie Grosser, Emily Kay, Lisa Nupen, Ursula Ellenberg, David Houston, Andrew Reeve, Kathryn Johnson, Juan Masello, Thomas Stracke, Bruce Mckinlay, Pablo Garc´Ia Borboroglu, De-Xing Zhang, Guojie Zhang
Biology Department Faculty Works
In the original version of the article “High-coverage genomes to elucidate the evolution of penguins” by Hailin Pan et al. [1], the authors received a request to make some clarifications and changes in the acknowledgements, the following is the modified version:“We thank the following: John Cockrem, Scott Flemming, Helen McConnell, Chris Rickard, Sarah Fraser, Otto Whitehead, Kyle Morrison, and Amy Van Buren for help collecting samples; Jonathan Banks, Kirsten Rodgers, and Jo Hiscock for sample information; Manuel Paredes Oyarzún and Hernán Rivera Meléndez for facilitating permits and sample collection; Lauren Tworkowski, Richard O'Rorke, and Joanna Sumner for facilitating sample collection; …
Trypanosomatids Detected In The Invasive Avian Parasite Philornis Downsi (Diptera: Muscidae) In The Galapagos Islands, Patricia Parker, Courtney Pike, María Piedad Lincango, Charlotte Causton
Trypanosomatids Detected In The Invasive Avian Parasite Philornis Downsi (Diptera: Muscidae) In The Galapagos Islands, Patricia Parker, Courtney Pike, María Piedad Lincango, Charlotte Causton
Biology Department Faculty Works
Alien insect species may present a multifaceted threat to ecosystems into which they are introduced. In addition to the direct damage they may cause, they may also bring novel diseases and parasites and/or have the capacity to vector microorganisms that are already established in the ecosystem and are causing harm. Damage caused by ectoparasitic larvae of the invasive fly, Philornis downsi (Dodge and Aitken) to nestlings of endemic birds in the Galapagos Islands is well documented, but nothing is known about whether this fly is itself associated with parasites or pathogens. In this study, diagnostic molecular methods indicated the presence …
First Report Of The Broad-Toothed Tailless Bat, Anoura Latidens Handley, 1984 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae), In Bolivia, Camilo Calderón-Acevedo, Nathan Muchhala
First Report Of The Broad-Toothed Tailless Bat, Anoura Latidens Handley, 1984 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae), In Bolivia, Camilo Calderón-Acevedo, Nathan Muchhala
Biology Department Faculty Works
Anoura latidens Handley, 1984 is a nectarivorous bat with a wide elevational and latitudinal distribution, from Venezuela and Guyana to southeastern Peru. We reviewed mammal collections of the genus Anoura Gray, 1838 and identified two individuals previously attributed to A. caudifer (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818) as A. latidens based on their premolar morphology and morphological measurements. In this note we report the first record of A. latidens in the Yungas forests of Bolivia, which extends its geographic range by 1,006 km southeast of its previous southernmost record in Peru.
Nuclear Moonlighting Of Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Regulates Arabidopsis Response To Heat Stress, Sang-Chul Kim, Liang Guo, Xuemin Wang
Nuclear Moonlighting Of Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Regulates Arabidopsis Response To Heat Stress, Sang-Chul Kim, Liang Guo, Xuemin Wang
Biology Department Faculty Works
Various stress conditions induce the nuclear translocation of cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC), but its nuclear function in plant stress responses remains elusive. Here we show that GAPC interacts with a transcription factor to promote the expression of heat-inducible genes and heat tolerance in Arabidopsis. GAPC accumulates in the nucleus under heat stress. Overexpression of GAPC enhances heat tolerance of seedlings and the expression of heat-inducible genes whereas knockout of GAPCs has opposite effects. Screening of Arabidopsis transcription factors identifies nuclear factor Y subunit C10 (NF-YC10) as a GAPC-binding protein. The effects of GAPC overexpression are abolished when NF-YC10 is deficient, …
Assessing The Blood Meal Hosts Of Culex Quinquefasciatus And Aedes Taeniorhynchus In Isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Samoa Asigau, Sawsan Salah, Patricia Parker
Assessing The Blood Meal Hosts Of Culex Quinquefasciatus And Aedes Taeniorhynchus In Isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Samoa Asigau, Sawsan Salah, Patricia Parker
Biology Department Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Multidrug Resistance Regulators Mara, Soxs, Rob, And Rama Repress Flagellar Gene Expression And Motility In Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium, Srinivas Thota, Lon Chubiz
Multidrug Resistance Regulators Mara, Soxs, Rob, And Rama Repress Flagellar Gene Expression And Motility In Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium, Srinivas Thota, Lon Chubiz
Biology Department Faculty Works
Production of flagella is costly and subject to global multilayered regulation, which is reflected in the hierarchical control of flagellar production in many bacterial species. For Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and its relatives, global regulation of flagellar production primarily occurs through the control of flhDC transcription and mRNA translation. In this study, the roles of the homologous multidrug resistance regulators MarA, SoxS, Rob, and RamA (constituting the mar-sox-rob regulon in S. Typhimurium) in regulating flagellar gene expression were explored. Each of these regulators was found to inhibit flagellar gene expression, production of flagella, and motility. To different degrees, repression via …
Immunogenetic Response Of The Bananaquit In The Face Of Malarial Parasites, Jennifer Antonides, Samarth Mathur, Mekala Sundaram, Robert Ricklefs, J. Dewoody
Immunogenetic Response Of The Bananaquit In The Face Of Malarial Parasites, Jennifer Antonides, Samarth Mathur, Mekala Sundaram, Robert Ricklefs, J. Dewoody
Biology Department Faculty Works
Background: In the arms race between hosts and parasites, genes involved in the immune response are targets for natural selection. Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) genes play a role in parasite detection as part of the innate immune system whereas Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes encode proteins that display antigens as part of the vertebrate adaptive immune system. Thus, both gene families are under selection pressure from pathogens. The bananaquit (Coereba flaveola) is a passerine bird that is a common host of avian malarial parasites (Plasmodium sp. and Haemoproteus sp.). We assessed molecular variation of TLR and MHC genes in a wild …
Dual Activities Of Plant Cgmp-Dependent Protein Kinase And Its Roles In Gibberellin Signaling And Salt Stress., Qingwen Shen, Xinqiao Zhan, Pei Yang, Jing Li, Jie Chen, Bing Tang, Xuemin Wang, Xuemin Wang, Yueyun Hong
Dual Activities Of Plant Cgmp-Dependent Protein Kinase And Its Roles In Gibberellin Signaling And Salt Stress., Qingwen Shen, Xinqiao Zhan, Pei Yang, Jing Li, Jie Chen, Bing Tang, Xuemin Wang, Xuemin Wang, Yueyun Hong
Biology Department Faculty Works
Cyclic GMP (cGMP) is an important regulator in eukaryotes, and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) plays a key role in perceiving cellular cGMP in diverse physiological processes in animals. However, the molecular identity, property, and function of PKG in plants remain elusive. In this study, we have identified PKG from plants and characterized its role in mediating the gibberellin (GA) response in rice (Oryza sativa). PKGs from plants are structurally unique with an additional type 2C protein phosphatase domain. Rice PKG possesses both protein kinase and phosphatase activities, and cGMP stimulates its kinase activity but inhibits its phosphatase activity. One of …
Tri‐Trophic Interactions: Bridging Species, Communities And Ecosystems, Luis Abdala-Roberts, Adriana Puentes, Deborah Finke, Robert Marquis, Marta Montserrat, Erik Poelman, Sergio Rasmann, Arnaud Sentis, Nicole Van Dam, Gina Wimp, Kailen Mooney, Christer Björkman
Tri‐Trophic Interactions: Bridging Species, Communities And Ecosystems, Luis Abdala-Roberts, Adriana Puentes, Deborah Finke, Robert Marquis, Marta Montserrat, Erik Poelman, Sergio Rasmann, Arnaud Sentis, Nicole Van Dam, Gina Wimp, Kailen Mooney, Christer Björkman
Biology Department Faculty Works
A vast body of research demonstrates that many ecological and evolutionary processes can only be understood from a tri‐trophic viewpoint, that is, one that moves beyond the pairwise interactions of neighbouring trophic levels to consider the emergent features of interactions among multiple trophic levels. Despite its unifying potential, tri‐trophic research has been fragmented, following two distinct paths. One has focused on the population biology and evolutionary ecology of simple food chains of interacting species. The other has focused on bottom‐up and top‐down controls over the distribution of biomass across trophic levels and other ecosystem‐level variables. Here, we propose pathways to …
High-Coverage Genomes To Elucidate The Evolution Of Penguins., Hailin Pan, Hailin Pan, Theresa Cole, Theresa Cole, Xupeng Bi, Miaoquan Fang, Chengran Zhou, Zhengtao Yang, Daniel Ksepka, Tom Hart, Juan Bouzat, Lisa Argilla, Mads Bertelsen, Mads Bertelsen, P. Boersma, Charles Bost, Yves Cherel, Peter Dann, Steven Fiddaman, Pauline Howard, Kim Labuschagne, Thomas Mattern, Gary Miller, Gary Miller, Patricia Parker, Richard Phillips, Petra Quillfeldt, Peter Ryan, Helen Taylor, David Thompson, Melanie Young, Martin Ellegaard, M. Gilbert, M. Gilbert, Mikkel Sinding, George Pacheco, Lara Shepherd, Alan Tennyson, Stefanie Grosser, Stefanie Grosser, Emily Kay, Emily Kay, Lisa Nupen, Ursula Ellenberg, Ursula Ellenberg, David Houston, Andrew Reeve, Andrew Reeve, Kathryn Johnson
High-Coverage Genomes To Elucidate The Evolution Of Penguins., Hailin Pan, Hailin Pan, Theresa Cole, Theresa Cole, Xupeng Bi, Miaoquan Fang, Chengran Zhou, Zhengtao Yang, Daniel Ksepka, Tom Hart, Juan Bouzat, Lisa Argilla, Mads Bertelsen, Mads Bertelsen, P. Boersma, Charles Bost, Yves Cherel, Peter Dann, Steven Fiddaman, Pauline Howard, Kim Labuschagne, Thomas Mattern, Gary Miller, Gary Miller, Patricia Parker, Richard Phillips, Petra Quillfeldt, Peter Ryan, Helen Taylor, David Thompson, Melanie Young, Martin Ellegaard, M. Gilbert, M. Gilbert, Mikkel Sinding, George Pacheco, Lara Shepherd, Alan Tennyson, Stefanie Grosser, Stefanie Grosser, Emily Kay, Emily Kay, Lisa Nupen, Ursula Ellenberg, Ursula Ellenberg, David Houston, Andrew Reeve, Andrew Reeve, Kathryn Johnson
Biology Department Faculty Works
BackgroundPenguins (Sphenisciformes) are a remarkable order of flightless wing-propelled diving seabirds distributed widely across the southern hemisphere. They share a volant common ancestor with Procellariiformes close to the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary (66 million years ago) and subsequently lost the ability to fly but enhanced their diving capabilities. With ∼20 species among 6 genera, penguins range from the tropical Galápagos Islands to the oceanic temperate forests of New Zealand, the rocky coastlines of the sub-Antarctic islands, and the sea ice around Antarctica. To inhabit such diverse and extreme environments, penguins evolved many physiological and morphological adaptations. However, they are also highly sensitive …
[Accepted Article Manuscript Version (Postprint)] Metabolic Alterations In The Enoyl-Coa Hydratase 2 Mutant Disrupt Peroxisomal Pathways In Seedlings, Bethany Zolman, Ying Li, Yu Liu
[Accepted Article Manuscript Version (Postprint)] Metabolic Alterations In The Enoyl-Coa Hydratase 2 Mutant Disrupt Peroxisomal Pathways In Seedlings, Bethany Zolman, Ying Li, Yu Liu
Biology Department Faculty Works
Mobilization of seed storage compounds, such as starch and oil, is required to provide energy and metabolic building blocks during seedling development. Over 50% of fatty acids in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed oil have a cis-double bond on an even-numbered carbon. Degradation of these substrates requires peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation plus additional enzyme activities. Such auxiliary enzymes, including the enoyl-CoA hydratase ECH2, convert (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediates to the core β-oxidation substrate (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA. ECH2 was suggested to function in the peroxisomal conversion of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to indole-3-acetic acid, because ech2 seedlings have altered IBA responses. The underlying mechanism connecting ECH2 activity …
Population Structure Of Avian Malaria Parasites, Robert Ricklefs, Meghann Humphries, Matthew Stacy
Population Structure Of Avian Malaria Parasites, Robert Ricklefs, Meghann Humphries, Matthew Stacy
Biology Department Faculty Works
The geographic distribution of genetic diversity in malaria parasite populations (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) presumably influences local patterns of virulence and the evolution of host‐resistance, but little is known about population genetic structure in these parasites. We assess the distribution of genetic diversity in the partial Domain I of apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) in three mtDNA‐defined lineages of avian Plasmodium to determine spatial population structure and host–parasite genetic relationships. We find that one parasite lineage is genetically differentiated in association with a single host genus and among some locations, but not with respect to other hosts. Two other parasite lineages are …
Illustrated Guide To The Immature Lepidoptera On Oaks In Missouri, Robert Marquis, Steven Passoa, John Lill, James Whitfield, Josiane Le Corff, Rebecca Forkner, Valerie Passoa
Illustrated Guide To The Immature Lepidoptera On Oaks In Missouri, Robert Marquis, Steven Passoa, John Lill, James Whitfield, Josiane Le Corff, Rebecca Forkner, Valerie Passoa
Biology Department Faculty Works
Oak trees (Quercus spp.) dominate many forests in North America, and their diverse herbivore fauna is a major component of ecological biodiversity. Yet, identification guides for oak-feeding Lepidoptera in the eastern United States usually lack detailed larval morphological characteristics and pupal descriptions. This book describes the immature stages of common species of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) whose larvae are found on 10 species of oak (Quercus) in the eastern Missouri Ozarks (USA). Data were collected mainly as part of the Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP), a longterm study of the effects of harvesting regimes on forest structure and function. …
A Gradient Of Pollination Specialization In Three Species Of Bolivian Centropogon, Laura Lagomarsino, Nathan Muchhala
A Gradient Of Pollination Specialization In Three Species Of Bolivian Centropogon, Laura Lagomarsino, Nathan Muchhala
Biology Department Faculty Works
PremiseClosely related plant species with overlapping ranges often experience competition for pollination services. Such competition can select for divergence in floral traits that attract pollinators or determine pollen placement. While most species in Centropogon(Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae) have flowers that suggest adaptation to bat or hummingbird pollination, actual pollinators are rarely documented, and a few species have a mix of traits from both pollination syndromes. We studied the pollination biology of a “mixed‐syndrome” species and its co‐occurring congeners to examine the relationship between floral traits and visitation patterns for Centropogon.Methods Fieldwork at two sites in Bolivian cloud forests involved filming floral visitors, …
Speciation Rate Is Independent Of The Rate Of Evolution Of Morphological Size, Shape, And Absolute Morphological Specialization In A Large Clade Of Birds, Nicholas Crouch, Robert Ricklefs
Speciation Rate Is Independent Of The Rate Of Evolution Of Morphological Size, Shape, And Absolute Morphological Specialization In A Large Clade Of Birds, Nicholas Crouch, Robert Ricklefs
Biology Department Faculty Works
Whether ecological differences between species evolve in parallel with lineage diversification is a fundamental issue in evolutionary biology. These processes might be connected if conditions that favor the proliferation of species, such as release from competitors, facilitate the evolution of novel ecological relationships. Despite this, phylogenetic studies do not consistently identify such a connection. Conversely, if higher diversity caused species to become increasingly specialized ecologically, then lineage diversification might become dissociated from ecological diversification. In this analysis, we ask whether the rate of lineage diversification in a large clade of birds is correlated with morphological specialization and with rates of …
Interaction And Regulation Between Lipid Mediator Phosphatidic Acid And Circadian Clock Regulators, Sang-Chul Kim, Sang-Chul Kim, Dmitri Nusinow, Maria Sorkin, Maria Sorkin, Jose Pruneda-Paz, Xuemin Wang, Xuemin Wang
Interaction And Regulation Between Lipid Mediator Phosphatidic Acid And Circadian Clock Regulators, Sang-Chul Kim, Sang-Chul Kim, Dmitri Nusinow, Maria Sorkin, Maria Sorkin, Jose Pruneda-Paz, Xuemin Wang, Xuemin Wang
Biology Department Faculty Works
Circadian clocks play important roles in regulating cellular metabolism, but the reciprocal effect that metabolism has on the clock is largely unknown in plants. Here we show that the central glycerolipid metabolite and lipid mediator phosphatidic acid (PA) interacts with and modulates the function of the core clock regulators LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) in Arabidopsis thaliana. PA reduced the ability of LHY and CCA1 to bind the promoter of their target gene TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION1. Increased PA accumulation and inhibition of PA-producing enzymes had opposite effects on circadian clock outputs. Diurnal change in levels …
Pldα1-Knockdown Soybean Seeds Display Higher Unsaturated Glycerolipid Contents And Seed Vigor In High Temperature And Humidity Environments, Xuemin Wang, Gaoyang Zhang, Sung‑Chul Bahn, Geliang Wang, Yanrui Zhang, Beibei Chen, Yuliang Zhang, Jian Zhao
Pldα1-Knockdown Soybean Seeds Display Higher Unsaturated Glycerolipid Contents And Seed Vigor In High Temperature And Humidity Environments, Xuemin Wang, Gaoyang Zhang, Sung‑Chul Bahn, Geliang Wang, Yanrui Zhang, Beibei Chen, Yuliang Zhang, Jian Zhao
Biology Department Faculty Works
BackgroundSoybean oil constitutes an important source of vegetable oil and biofuel. However, high temperature and humidity adversely impacts soybean seed development, yield, and quality during plant development and after harvest. Genetic improvement of soybean tolerance to stress environments is highly desirable.ResultsTransgenic soybean lines with knockdown of phospholipase Dα1 (PLDα1KD) were generated to study PLDα1′s effects on lipid metabolism and seed vigor under high temperature and humidity conditions. Under such stress, as compared with normal growth conditions, PLDα1KD lines showed an attenuated stress-induced deterioration during soybean seed development, which was associated with elevated expression of reactive oxygen species-scavenging genes when compared …
Differential Tolerance To Increasing Heterospecific Pollen Deposition In Two Sympatric Species Of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae), Juan Moreira-Hernández, Nicholas Terzich, Ricardo Zambrano-Cevallos, Nora Oleas, Nathan Muchhala
Differential Tolerance To Increasing Heterospecific Pollen Deposition In Two Sympatric Species Of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae), Juan Moreira-Hernández, Nicholas Terzich, Ricardo Zambrano-Cevallos, Nora Oleas, Nathan Muchhala
Biology Department Faculty Works
Premise of research. Heterospecific pollen deposition on stigmas can impact plant reproduction by decreasing seed set or inducing fruit abortion. Pollinating bats often carry pollen from many species on their fur, and thus bat-pollinated flowers may exhibit tolerance to heterospecific pollen deposition, but to our knowledge this has never been studied. We investigated the relative impact of increasing heterospecific pollen deposition on female reproduction of two sympatric species of Burmeistera that experience pollen transfer between them by their shared bat pollinators.Methodology. We simulated heterospecific pollen deposition by applying pollen mixtures that differed in the ratio of heterospecific to conspecific flowers …
Evolution Of Bidirectional Costly Mutualism From Byproduct Consumption, Lon Chubiz, William Harcombe, Jeremy Chacón, Elizabeth Adamowicz, Christopher Marx
Evolution Of Bidirectional Costly Mutualism From Byproduct Consumption, Lon Chubiz, William Harcombe, Jeremy Chacón, Elizabeth Adamowicz, Christopher Marx
Biology Department Faculty Works
Mutualisms are essential for life, yet it is unclear how they arise. A two-stage process has been proposed for the evolution of mutualisms that involve exchanges of two costly resources. First, costly provisioning by one species may be selected for if that species gains a benefit from costless byproducts generated by a second species, and cooperators get disproportionate access to byproducts. Selection could then drive the second species to provide costly resources in return. Previously, a synthetic consortium evolved the first stage of this scenario: Salmonella enterica evolved costly production of methionine in exchange for costless carbon byproducts generated by …
Multiple Puf Proteins Regulate The Stability Of Ribosome Biogenesis Transcripts, Anthony Fischer, Wendy Olivas
Multiple Puf Proteins Regulate The Stability Of Ribosome Biogenesis Transcripts, Anthony Fischer, Wendy Olivas
Biology Department Faculty Works
Cells must make careful use of the resources available to them. A key area of cellular regulation involves the biogenesis of ribosomes. Transcriptional regulation of ribosome biogenesis factor genes through alterations in histone acetylation has been well studied. This work identifies a post-transcriptional mechanism of ribosome biogenesis regulation by Puf protein control of mRNA stability. Puf proteins are eukaryotic mRNA binding proteins that play regulatory roles in mRNA degradation and translation via association with specific conserved elements in the 3ʹ untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs and with degradation and translation factors. We demonstrate that several ribosome biogenesis factor mRNAs …
Trade-Offs Between Growth, Reproduction And Defense In Response To Resource Availability Manipulations, Robert Marquis, Juliana Tuller, Samara Andrade, Angelo Monteiro, Lucas Faria
Trade-Offs Between Growth, Reproduction And Defense In Response To Resource Availability Manipulations, Robert Marquis, Juliana Tuller, Samara Andrade, Angelo Monteiro, Lucas Faria
Biology Department Faculty Works
The Brazilian Cerrado is one of the most endangered biomes in the world. We evaluated the sustainability of leaf harvest in one of the most important Cerrado tree species, Stryphnodendron adstringens. The bark of this tree is used as a source of medicinal tannin. Harvesting bark, however, often kills the tree. In a manipulative field experiment, we tested the hypothesis that harvesting leaves, which might serve as an alternative source of tannin, would be less detrimental for tree survival, growth, reproduction, and defense than harvesting bark. In a two-way crossed experimental design, we either clipped 100% of a plant’s leaves …
Haemosporidian Parasite Community In Migrating Bobolinks On The Galapagos Islands, Patricia Parker, Noah Perlut, Rosalind Renfrew, Maricruz Jaramillo
Haemosporidian Parasite Community In Migrating Bobolinks On The Galapagos Islands, Patricia Parker, Noah Perlut, Rosalind Renfrew, Maricruz Jaramillo
Biology Department Faculty Works
Bobolinks (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) migrate from their breeding grounds in North America to their wintering grounds in South America during the fall each year. A small number of Bobolinks stop temporarily in Galapagos, and potentially carry parasites. On the North American breeding grounds, Bobolinks carry a least two of the four Plasmodium lineages recently detected in resident Galapagos birds. We hypothesized that Bobolinks carried these parasites to Galapagos, where they were bitten by mosquitoes that then transmitted the parasites to resident birds. The haemosporidian parasite community in 44% of the Bobolinks we captured was consistent with those on their breeding grounds. …
Predator-By-Environment Interactions Mediate Bacterial Competition In The Dictyostelium Discoideum Microbiome, Fredrik Inglis, Odion Asikhia, Erica Ryu, David Queller, Joan Strassmann
Predator-By-Environment Interactions Mediate Bacterial Competition In The Dictyostelium Discoideum Microbiome, Fredrik Inglis, Odion Asikhia, Erica Ryu, David Queller, Joan Strassmann
Biology Department Faculty Works
Interactions between species and their environment play a key role in the evolution of diverse communities, and numerous studies have emphasized that interactions among microbes and among trophic levels play an important role in maintaining microbial diversity and ecosystem functioning. In this study, we investigate how two of these types of interactions, public goods cooperation through the production of iron scavenging siderophores and predation by the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, mediate competition between two strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens that were co-isolated from D. discoideum. We find that although we are able to generally predict the competitive outcomes between strains based …
A Pex1 Missense Mutation Improves Peroxisome Function In A Subset Of Arabidopsis Pex6 Mutants Without Restoring Pex5 Recycling, Bethany Zolman, Kim Gonzalez, Sarah Ratzel, Kendall Burks, Charles Danan, Jeanne Wages, Bonnie Bartel
A Pex1 Missense Mutation Improves Peroxisome Function In A Subset Of Arabidopsis Pex6 Mutants Without Restoring Pex5 Recycling, Bethany Zolman, Kim Gonzalez, Sarah Ratzel, Kendall Burks, Charles Danan, Jeanne Wages, Bonnie Bartel
Biology Department Faculty Works
Peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles critical for plant and human development because they house essential metabolic functions, such as fatty acid β-oxidation. The interacting ATPases PEX1 and PEX6 contribute to peroxisome function by recycling PEX5, a cytosolic receptor needed to import proteins targeted to the peroxisomal matrix. Arabidopsis pex6 mutants exhibit low PEX5 levels and defects in peroxisomal matrix protein import, oil body utilization, peroxisomal metabolism, and seedling growth. These defects are hypothesized to stem from impaired PEX5 retrotranslocation leading to PEX5 polyubiquitination and consequent degradation of PEX5 via the proteasome or of the entire organelle via autophagy. We recovered a …