Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Genetics and Genomics (27)
- Genetics (25)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (23)
- Cell and Developmental Biology (18)
- Evolution (18)
-
- Systems Biology (17)
- Microbiology (12)
- Cell Biology (10)
- Neuroscience and Neurobiology (10)
- Developmental Biology (8)
- Marine Biology (7)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (5)
- Computer Sciences (3)
- Education (2)
- Engineering (2)
- Animal Sciences (1)
- Aquaculture and Fisheries (1)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Bioinformatics (1)
- Biophysics (1)
- Computational Biology (1)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (1)
- Environmental Sciences (1)
- Genomics (1)
- Higher Education (1)
- Mathematics (1)
- Physics (1)
- Keyword
-
- Behavior (9)
- Climate change (6)
- Developmental neurotoxicity (6)
- Planarian (6)
- Corticosterone (5)
-
- Stress (5)
- Bolitotherus cornutus (4)
- Evolution (4)
- Herbivory (4)
- New approach method (4)
- Alternative animal models (3)
- Biomechanics (3)
- Birds (3)
- Dugesia japonica (3)
- Eastern Coyote (3)
- Heat shock (3)
- IgLON (3)
- Image analysis (3)
- Inquiry-based learning (3)
- Macroalgae (3)
- Planarians (3)
- Tunicates (3)
- Allozymes (2)
- Anthropogenic disturbance (2)
- Caribbean Sea (2)
- Carnivore (2)
- Centromere (2)
- Chordate evolution (2)
- Clearance rate (2)
- Competition (2)
- Publication Year
Articles 241 - 270 of 397
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Evolution Through Developmental Changes: How Alterations In Development Cause Evolutionary Changes In Anatomy, Scott F. Gilbert
Evolution Through Developmental Changes: How Alterations In Development Cause Evolutionary Changes In Anatomy, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Relationships Between Physiological Characteristics And Trace Metal Body Burdens Of Banded Garden Spiders Argiope Trifasciata (Araneae, Araneidae), Martina Ramirez, Jeremy Mccallum, James M. Landry, Viviana A. Vallin, Sarah H. Fukui, Heidi E. Gergus, Jaclyn D. Torres, Charisse L. Sy
Relationships Between Physiological Characteristics And Trace Metal Body Burdens Of Banded Garden Spiders Argiope Trifasciata (Araneae, Araneidae), Martina Ramirez, Jeremy Mccallum, James M. Landry, Viviana A. Vallin, Sarah H. Fukui, Heidi E. Gergus, Jaclyn D. Torres, Charisse L. Sy
Biology Faculty Works
Banded garden spiders (Argiope trifasciata) were collected at the Ballona Wetlands, a metal contaminated salt marsh. The relationship between spider body size and individual metal loads was investigated. Biochemical markers were identified in spider fecal material and found to correlate to body metal levels. Body metal dry weight concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn and total metals in female A. trifasciata exhibited distinct patterns of spatial and annual variation during 2006 and 2007. Spider body size was homogeneous across sites in both years, while increased Cd and Cr concentrations were sometimes associated with a reduction in spider size, though the …
Symbionts As An Epigenetic Source Of Heritable Variation, Scott F. Gilbert
Symbionts As An Epigenetic Source Of Heritable Variation, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Evolutionary Developmental Biology And Intelligent Design, Scott F. Gilbert
Evolutionary Developmental Biology And Intelligent Design, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Preliminary Report: Investigation Of Castor Bean Investment In Extra-Floral Nectary Glands And Reproduction, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Kavita Goss, Tina Marie Moger, Ashton Nielson
Preliminary Report: Investigation Of Castor Bean Investment In Extra-Floral Nectary Glands And Reproduction, Victor D. Carmona-Galindo, Kavita Goss, Tina Marie Moger, Ashton Nielson
Biology Faculty Works
The castor bean plant, Ricinus communis has EFN (extrafloral nectary) glands that attract ants which provide defense for the plant. From this, we proposed the idea that the more EFN glands a plant has, the more ants will visit the plant, and therefore provide more defense to the plant. Using the principle of allocation, we deduced that a plant using this strategy would invest less energy in reproduction than in defense, given that growth is fixed. In this experiment we examined the number of reproductive flowers that a plant produces (male and female) in relation to the number of EFN …
Relationship Between Soil Sodium Concentration And Plant Height In Salicornia Virginica In The Ballona Wetlands In Los Angeles, California, Victor D. Carmona, Molly Bogeberg, Stephanie Vivanco
Relationship Between Soil Sodium Concentration And Plant Height In Salicornia Virginica In The Ballona Wetlands In Los Angeles, California, Victor D. Carmona, Molly Bogeberg, Stephanie Vivanco
Biology Faculty Works
Previous studies have shown a positive relationship between biomass of the common wetland halophyte, Salicornia virginica, and salinity. This study implements a new technique that is less invasive than measuring total plant biomass that involves uprooting the plant. Instead, plant height was used as an indicator of sodium content in surrounding soils. This technique is based on the hypothesis that plant height of S. virginica corresponds to soil sodium concentrations. There was a significant variation in plant height at higher soil sodium concentrations than at lower soil sodium concentrations. Furthermore, in areas of higher soil water content (%), sodium concentration …
A Preliminary Study Of Heteromeles Arbutifolia Fruit Morphology At Ballona Wetlands And Temescal Canyon, Los Angeles, California, Victor D. Carmona, Phil Simmons, Elise Vo, Elizabeth Wight
A Preliminary Study Of Heteromeles Arbutifolia Fruit Morphology At Ballona Wetlands And Temescal Canyon, Los Angeles, California, Victor D. Carmona, Phil Simmons, Elise Vo, Elizabeth Wight
Biology Faculty Works
Heteromeles arbutifolia, the California holly, is an evergreen shrub native to chaparral habitats of Southern California that fruits from November to January. Fruit species morphology has been shown to be a good indicator of habitat quality among other plants. The variation in fruit morphology was examined for the native plant at two diverse Southern California sites, a wetland and a canyon. California Holly fruits had a significantly greater volume in Ballona Wetlands than at Temescal Canyon (Z= 4.367, P
Interaction Between Differentiating Cell- And Niche-Derived Signals In Hematopoietic Progenitor Maintenance, Bama Charan Mondal, Tina Mukherjee, Lolitika Mandal, Cory J. Evans, Sergey A. Sinenko, Julian A. Martinez-Agosto, Utpal Banerjee
Interaction Between Differentiating Cell- And Niche-Derived Signals In Hematopoietic Progenitor Maintenance, Bama Charan Mondal, Tina Mukherjee, Lolitika Mandal, Cory J. Evans, Sergey A. Sinenko, Julian A. Martinez-Agosto, Utpal Banerjee
Biology Faculty Works
Maintenance of a hematopoietic progenitor population requires extensive interaction with cells within a microenvironment or niche. In the Drosophila hematopoietic organ, niche-derived Hedgehog signaling maintains the progenitor population. Here, we show that the hematopoietic progenitors also require a signal mediated by Adenosine deaminase growth factor A (Adgf-A) arising from differentiating cells that regulates extracellular levels of adenosine. The adenosine signal opposes the effects of Hedgehog signaling within the hematopoietic progenitor cells and the magnitude of the adenosine signal is kept in check by the level of Adgf-A secreted from differentiating cells. Our findings reveal signals arising from differentiating cells that …
Biphasic Targeting And Cleavage Furrow Ingression Directed By The Tail Of A Myosin Ii, X. Fang, J. Y. Luo, R. Nishihama, C. Wloka, C. Dravis, M. Travaglia, M. Iwase, Elizabeth Ann Vallen, E. Bi
Biphasic Targeting And Cleavage Furrow Ingression Directed By The Tail Of A Myosin Ii, X. Fang, J. Y. Luo, R. Nishihama, C. Wloka, C. Dravis, M. Travaglia, M. Iwase, Elizabeth Ann Vallen, E. Bi
Biology Faculty Works
Cytokinesis in animal and fungal cells utilizes a contractile actomyosin ring (AMR). However, how myosin II is targeted to the division site and promotes AMR assembly, and how the AMR coordinates with membrane trafficking during cytokinesis, remains poorly understood. Here we show that Myo1 is a two-headed myosin II in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and that Myo1 localizes to the division site via two distinct targeting signals in its tail that act sequentially during the cell cycle. Before cytokinesis, Myo1 localization depends on the septin-binding protein Bni5. During cytokinesis, Myo1 localization depends on the IQGAP Iqg1. We also show that the Myo1 …
The Biopax Community Standard For Pathway Data Sharing, E. Demir, M. P. Cary, S. Paley, K. Fukuda, C. Lemer, I. Vastrik, G. Wu, P. D’Eustachio, C. Schaefer, J. Luciano, F. Schacherer, I. Martinez-Flores, Z. Hu, V. Jimenez-Jacinto, G. Joshi-Tope, K. Kandasamy, A. C. Lopez-Fuentes, H. Mi, E. Pichler, I. Rodchenkov, A. Splendiani, S. Tkachev, J. Zucker, G. Gopinath, H. Rajasimha, R. Ramakrishnan, I. Shah, M. Syed, N. Anwar, O. Babur, M. Blinov, E. Brauner, D. Corwin, S. Donaldson, F. Gibbons, R. Goldberg, R. Hornbeck, A. Luna, P. Murray-Rust, E. Neumann, O. Reubenacker, M. Samwald, M. Van Iersel, S. Wimalaratne, K. Allen, B. Braun, M. Whirl-Carrillo, K. H. Cheung, Kam D. Dahlquist, A. Finney, M. Gillespie, E. Glass, L. Gong, M. Honig, O. Hubaut, D. Kane, S. Krupa, M. Kutmon, J. Leonard, D. Marks, D. Merberg, V. Petri, A. Pico, D. Ravenscroft, L. Ren, N. Shah, M. Sunshine, R. Tang, R. Whaley, S. Letovksi, K. H. Buetow, A. Rzhetsky, V. Schachter, B. S. Sobral, U. Dogrusoz, S. Mcweeney, M. Aladjem, E. Birney, J. Collado-Vides, S. Goto, M. Hucka, N. Le Novère, N. Maltsev, A. Pandey, P. Thomas, E. Wingender, P. D. Karp, C. Sander, G. D. Bader
The Biopax Community Standard For Pathway Data Sharing, E. Demir, M. P. Cary, S. Paley, K. Fukuda, C. Lemer, I. Vastrik, G. Wu, P. D’Eustachio, C. Schaefer, J. Luciano, F. Schacherer, I. Martinez-Flores, Z. Hu, V. Jimenez-Jacinto, G. Joshi-Tope, K. Kandasamy, A. C. Lopez-Fuentes, H. Mi, E. Pichler, I. Rodchenkov, A. Splendiani, S. Tkachev, J. Zucker, G. Gopinath, H. Rajasimha, R. Ramakrishnan, I. Shah, M. Syed, N. Anwar, O. Babur, M. Blinov, E. Brauner, D. Corwin, S. Donaldson, F. Gibbons, R. Goldberg, R. Hornbeck, A. Luna, P. Murray-Rust, E. Neumann, O. Reubenacker, M. Samwald, M. Van Iersel, S. Wimalaratne, K. Allen, B. Braun, M. Whirl-Carrillo, K. H. Cheung, Kam D. Dahlquist, A. Finney, M. Gillespie, E. Glass, L. Gong, M. Honig, O. Hubaut, D. Kane, S. Krupa, M. Kutmon, J. Leonard, D. Marks, D. Merberg, V. Petri, A. Pico, D. Ravenscroft, L. Ren, N. Shah, M. Sunshine, R. Tang, R. Whaley, S. Letovksi, K. H. Buetow, A. Rzhetsky, V. Schachter, B. S. Sobral, U. Dogrusoz, S. Mcweeney, M. Aladjem, E. Birney, J. Collado-Vides, S. Goto, M. Hucka, N. Le Novère, N. Maltsev, A. Pandey, P. Thomas, E. Wingender, P. D. Karp, C. Sander, G. D. Bader
Biology Faculty Works
Biological Pathway Exchange (BioPAX) is a standard language to represent biological pathways at the molecular and cellular level and to facilitate the exchange of pathway data. The rapid growth of the volume of pathway data has spurred the development of databases and computational tools to aid interpretation; however, use of these data is hampered by the current fragmentation of pathway information across many databases with incompatible formats. BioPAX, which was created through a community process, solves this problem by making pathway data substantially easier to collect, index, interpret and share. BioPAX can represent metabolic and signaling pathways, molecular and genetic …
Bioluminescent Escherichia Coli Strains For The Quantitative Detection Of Phosphate And Ammonia In Coastal And Suburban Watersheds, Cristina V. Cardemil , '01, D. R. Smulski, R. A. Larossa, Amy Cheng Vollmer
Bioluminescent Escherichia Coli Strains For The Quantitative Detection Of Phosphate And Ammonia In Coastal And Suburban Watersheds, Cristina V. Cardemil , '01, D. R. Smulski, R. A. Larossa, Amy Cheng Vollmer
Biology Faculty Works
Accumulation of phosphate and ammonia in estuarine systems and subsequent dinoflagellate and algal blooms has been implicated in fish kills and in health risks for fishermen. Analytic chemistry kits are used to measure phosphate and ammonia levels in water samples, but their sensitivity is limited due to specificity for inorganic forms of these moieties. An Escherichia coli bioluminescent reporter system measured the bioavailability of inorganic nutrients through fusion of E. coli promoters (phoA or glnAp2) to the luxCDABE operon of Vibrio fischeri carried either on the chromosome or on a multicopy plasmid vector, resulting in emission of light in response …
Pharmacological And Genetic Reversal Of Age-Dependent Cognitive Deficits Attributable To Decreased Presenilin Function, S. M.J. Mcbride, C. H. Choi, B. P. Schoenfeld, A. J. Bell, D. A. Liebelt, D. Ferreiro, R. J. Choi, P. Hinchey, M. Kollaros, A. M. Terlizzi, N. J. Ferrick, E. Koenigsberg, R. L. Rudominer, A. Sumida, S. Chiorean, Kathleen King Siwicki, H. T. Nguyen, M. E. Fortini, T. V. Mcdonald, T. A. Jongens
Pharmacological And Genetic Reversal Of Age-Dependent Cognitive Deficits Attributable To Decreased Presenilin Function, S. M.J. Mcbride, C. H. Choi, B. P. Schoenfeld, A. J. Bell, D. A. Liebelt, D. Ferreiro, R. J. Choi, P. Hinchey, M. Kollaros, A. M. Terlizzi, N. J. Ferrick, E. Koenigsberg, R. L. Rudominer, A. Sumida, S. Chiorean, Kathleen King Siwicki, H. T. Nguyen, M. E. Fortini, T. V. Mcdonald, T. A. Jongens
Biology Faculty Works
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of cognitive loss and neurodegeneration in the developed world. Although its genetic and environmental causes are not generally known, familial forms of the disease (FAD) are attributable to mutations in a single copy of the Presenilin (PS) and amyloid precursor protein genes. The dominant inheritance pattern of FAD indicates that it may be attributable to gain or change of function mutations. Studies of FAD-linked forms of presenilin (psn) in model organisms, however, indicate that they are loss of function, leading to the possibility that a reduction in PS activity might contribute to FAD …
Candidate Genes For Chromosomes 6 And 10: Quantitative Trait Loci For Age-Related Retinal Degeneration In Mice, D.G. Ogando, Kam D. Dahlquist, M. Alizadeh, K. Kunchithapautham, J. Li, N. Yu, M.M. Lavail, B. Rohrer, D. Vollrath, M. Danciger
Candidate Genes For Chromosomes 6 And 10: Quantitative Trait Loci For Age-Related Retinal Degeneration In Mice, D.G. Ogando, Kam D. Dahlquist, M. Alizadeh, K. Kunchithapautham, J. Li, N. Yu, M.M. Lavail, B. Rohrer, D. Vollrath, M. Danciger
Biology Faculty Works
Purpose: In a previous study, several quantitative trait loci (QTL) that influence age-related degeneration (ageRD) were identified in a cross between the albino strains B6(Cg)-Tyr(c-2J)/J (B6a) and BALB/cByJ (C). The Chromosome (Chr) 6 and Chr 10 QTL were the strongest and most highly significant loci and both involved B6a protective alleles. The QTL were responsible for 21% and 9% of the variance in phenotypes, respectively. We focused on these two QTL to identify candidate genes. Methods: DNA microarrays were used for the two mouse strains at four and eight months of age to identify genes that are differentially regulated and …
A Comparison Of Tooth Wear And Breakage In Rancho La Brea Sabertooth Cats And Dire Wolves Across Time, Wendy J. Binder
A Comparison Of Tooth Wear And Breakage In Rancho La Brea Sabertooth Cats And Dire Wolves Across Time, Wendy J. Binder
Biology Faculty Works
The carnivores preserved in the late Pleistocene Rancho La Brea tar seep deposits display a remarkably high incidence of teeth broken in life as compared with modern species. In a previous study examining tooth breakage, tooth wear and individual age of Canis dirus over different periods in time, we found that Pit 13 C. dirus (about 15,000 years before present [ybp]) exhibited heavier tooth wear and fractured their teeth about three times more often than those of the younger Pit 61/67 (about 12,000 ybp). No significant difference was found in the age structure of the population, suggesting this came from …
Erratum: The Biopax Community Standard For Pathway Data Sharing, Kam D. Dahlquist
Erratum: The Biopax Community Standard For Pathway Data Sharing, Kam D. Dahlquist
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Proteomic And Physiological Responses Of Leopard Sharks (Triakis Semifasciata) To Salinity Change, W. Wesley Dowd, B. N. Harris, J.J. Chech Jr, D. Kültz
Proteomic And Physiological Responses Of Leopard Sharks (Triakis Semifasciata) To Salinity Change, W. Wesley Dowd, B. N. Harris, J.J. Chech Jr, D. Kültz
Biology Faculty Works
Partially euryhaline elasmobranchs may tolerate physiologically challenging, variable salinity conditions in estuaries as a tradeoff to reduce predation risk or to gain access to abundant food resources. To further understand these trade-offs and to evaluate the underlying mechanisms, we examined the responses of juvenile leopard sharks to salinity changes using a suite of measurements at multiple organizational levels: gill and rectal gland proteomes (using 2-D gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry), tissue biochemistry (Na+/K+-ATPase, caspase 3/7 and chymotrypsin-like proteasome activities), organismal physiology (hematology, plasma composition, muscle moisture) and individual behavior. Our proteomics results reveal coordinated molecular responses to low salinity …
Chinmo Is A Functional Effector Of The Jak/Stat Pathway That Regulates Eye Development, Tumor Formation, And Stem Cell Self-Renewal In Drosophila, Maria Sol Flaherty, Pauline Salis, Cory J. Evans, Laura A. Ekas, Amine Marouf, Jiri Zavadil, Utpal Banerjee, Erika A. Bach
Chinmo Is A Functional Effector Of The Jak/Stat Pathway That Regulates Eye Development, Tumor Formation, And Stem Cell Self-Renewal In Drosophila, Maria Sol Flaherty, Pauline Salis, Cory J. Evans, Laura A. Ekas, Amine Marouf, Jiri Zavadil, Utpal Banerjee, Erika A. Bach
Biology Faculty Works
The Drosophila STAT transcription factor Stat92E regulates diverse functions, including organ development and stem cell self-renewal. However, the Stat92E functional effectors that mediate these processes are largely unknown. Here we show that chinmo is a cell-autonomous, downstream mediator of Stat92E that shares numerous functions with this protein. Loss of either gene results in malformed eyes and head capsules due to defects in eye progenitor cells. Hyperactivation of Stat92E or misexpression of Chinmo results in blood cell tumors. Both proteins are expressed in germline (GSCs) and cyst stem cells (CySCs) in the testis. While Stat92E is required for the self-renewal of …
Substrate Specificity Of The Tim22 Mitochondrial Import Pathway Revealed With Small Molecule Inhibitor Of Protein Translocation, Deepa V. Dabir
Substrate Specificity Of The Tim22 Mitochondrial Import Pathway Revealed With Small Molecule Inhibitor Of Protein Translocation, Deepa V. Dabir
Biology Faculty Works
The TIM22 protein import pathway mediates the import of membrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane and consists of two intermembrane space chaperone complexes, the Tim9-Tim10 and Tim8-Tim13 complexes. To facilitate mechanistic studies, we developed a chemical-genetic approach to identify small molecule agonists that caused lethality to a tim10-1 yeast mutant at the permissive temperature. One molecule, MitoBloCK-1, attenuated the import of the carrier proteins including the ADP/ATP and phosphate carriers, but not proteins that used the TIM23 or the Mia40/ Erv1 translocation pathways. MitoBloCK-1 impeded binding of the Tim9-Tim10 complex to the substrate during an early stage of translocation, …
Ageing And Cancer As Diseases Of Epigenesis, Scott F. Gilbert
Ageing And Cancer As Diseases Of Epigenesis, Scott F. Gilbert
Biology Faculty Works
Cancer and ageing are often said to be diseases of development. During the past fifty years, the genetic components of cancer and ageing have been intensely investigated since development, itself, was seen to be an epiphenomenon of the genome. However, as we have learned more about the expression of the genome, we find that differences in expression can be as important as differences in alleles. It is easier to inactivate a gene by methylation than by mutation, and given that appropriate methylation is essential for normal development, one can immediately see that diseases would result as a consequence of inappropriate …
Reptilian Heart Development And The Molecular Basis Of Cardiac Chamber Evolution, K. Koshiba-Takeuchi, A. D. Mori, B. L. Kaynak, J. A. Cebra-Thomas, T. Sukonnik, R. O. Georges, S. Latham, L. Beck, R. M. Henkelman, B. L. Black, E. N. Olson, J. Wade, J. K. Takeuchi, M. Nemer, Scott F. Gilbert, B. G. Bruneau
Reptilian Heart Development And The Molecular Basis Of Cardiac Chamber Evolution, K. Koshiba-Takeuchi, A. D. Mori, B. L. Kaynak, J. A. Cebra-Thomas, T. Sukonnik, R. O. Georges, S. Latham, L. Beck, R. M. Henkelman, B. L. Black, E. N. Olson, J. Wade, J. K. Takeuchi, M. Nemer, Scott F. Gilbert, B. G. Bruneau
Biology Faculty Works
The emergence of terrestrial life witnessed the need for more sophisticated circulatory systems. This has evolved in birds, mammals and crocodilians into complete septation of the heart into left and right sides, allowing separate pulmonary and systemic circulatory systems, a key requirement for the evolution of endothermy(1-3). However, the evolution of the amniote heart is poorly understood. Reptilian hearts have been the subject of debate in the context of the evolution of cardiac septation: do they possess a single ventricular chamber or two incompletely septated ventricles(4-7)? Here we examine heart development in the red-eared slider turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans (a …
Role Of Inn1 And Its Interactions With Hof1 And Cyk3 In Promoting Cleavage Furrow And Septum Formation In S. Cerevisiae, R. Nishihama, J. H. Schreiter, M. Onishi, Elizabeth A. Vallen, J. Hanna, K. Moravcevic, Margaret Flynn Lippincott , '01, Haesun Han , '08, M. A. Lemmon, J. R. Pringle, E. Bi
Role Of Inn1 And Its Interactions With Hof1 And Cyk3 In Promoting Cleavage Furrow And Septum Formation In S. Cerevisiae, R. Nishihama, J. H. Schreiter, M. Onishi, Elizabeth A. Vallen, J. Hanna, K. Moravcevic, Margaret Flynn Lippincott , '01, Haesun Han , '08, M. A. Lemmon, J. R. Pringle, E. Bi
Biology Faculty Works
Cytokinesis requires coordination of actomyosin ring (AMR) contraction with rearrangements of the plasma membrane and extracellular matrix. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, new membrane, the chitin synthase Chs2 (which forms the primary septum [PS]), and the protein Inn1 are all delivered to the division site upon mitotic exit even when the AMR is absent. Inn1 is essential for PS formation but not for Chs2 localization. The Inn1 C-terminal region is necessary for localization, and distinct PXXP motifs in this region mediate functionally important interactions with SH3 domains in the cytokinesis proteins Hof1 (an F-BAR protein) and Cyk3 (whose overexpression can restore PS …
Towards A New Developmental Synthesis: Adaptive Developmental Plasticity And Human Disease, P. D. Gluckman, M. A. Hanson, P. Bateson, A. S. Beedle, C. M. Law, Z. A. Bhutta, K. V. Snokhin, P. Bougneres, G. R. Chandak, P. Dasgupta, G. D. Smith, P. T. Ellison, T. E. Forrester, Scott F. Gilbert, E. Jablonka, H. Kaplan, A. M. Prentice, S. J. Simpson, R. Uauy, M. J. West-Eberhard
Towards A New Developmental Synthesis: Adaptive Developmental Plasticity And Human Disease, P. D. Gluckman, M. A. Hanson, P. Bateson, A. S. Beedle, C. M. Law, Z. A. Bhutta, K. V. Snokhin, P. Bougneres, G. R. Chandak, P. Dasgupta, G. D. Smith, P. T. Ellison, T. E. Forrester, Scott F. Gilbert, E. Jablonka, H. Kaplan, A. M. Prentice, S. J. Simpson, R. Uauy, M. J. West-Eberhard
Biology Faculty Works
The Lancet has rightly drawn attention to the goals of reducing the burden of maternal and childhood undernutrition,1 focusing mainly on short-term outcomes such as infant survival and stunting.2 However, the longer term effects on adult health3 of a poor start to life suggest a further perspective. Developmental effects have been viewed traditionally in the context of major disruptions such as caused by teratogens, prematurity and growth retardation, but there is increasing appreciation of the role of developmental plasticity, which provides individuals with the flexibility to adjust their trajectory of development to match their environment.
Fruitless, Doublesex And The Genetics Of Social Behavior In Drosophila Melanogaster, Kathleen King Siwicki, E. A. Kravitz
Fruitless, Doublesex And The Genetics Of Social Behavior In Drosophila Melanogaster, Kathleen King Siwicki, E. A. Kravitz
Biology Faculty Works
Two genes coding for transcription factors, fruitless and doublesex, have been suggested to play important roles in the regulation of sexually dimorphic patterns of social behavior in Drosophila melanogaster. The generalization that fruitless specified the development of the nervous system and doublesex specified non-neural tissues culminated with claims that fruitless was both necessary and sufficient to establish sex-specific patterns of behavior. Several recent articles refute this notion, however, demonstrating that at a minimum, both fruitless and doublesex are involved in establishing sexually dimorphic features of neural circuitry and behavior in fruit flies.
Fecal Glucocorticoids Reflect Socio-Ecological And Anthropogenic Stressors In The Lives Of Wild Spotted Hyenas, Heather E. Watts
Fecal Glucocorticoids Reflect Socio-Ecological And Anthropogenic Stressors In The Lives Of Wild Spotted Hyenas, Heather E. Watts
Biology Faculty Works
Our aim was to identify natural and anthropogenic influences on the stress physiology of large African carnivores, using wild spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) as model animals. With both longitudinal data from a single social group, and cross-sectional data from multiple groups, we used fecal glucocorticoids (fGC) to examine potential stressors among spotted hyenas. Longitudinal data from adult members of a group living on the edge of the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, revealed that fGC concentrations were elevated during two periods of social upheaval among adults, especially among younger females; however, prey availability, rainfall, and presence of lions did not …
G-Trace: Rapid Gal4-Based Cell Lineage Analysis In Drosophila, Cory J. Evans, John M. Olson, Kathy T. Ngo, Eunha Kim, Noemi E. Lee, Edward Kuoy, Alexander N. Patananan, Daniel Sitz, Phuong Thao Tran, Minh Tu Do, Kevin Yackle, Albert Cespedes, Volker Hartenstein, Gerald B. Call, Utpal Banerjee, Miriam Beyder, Kush V. Bhatt, Chinmay Bhoot, Aaron W. Bradshaw, Tierney G. Brannigan, Boyu Cao, Yancey Y. Cashell, Timothy Chai, Alex W. Chan, Carissa Chan, Inho Chang, Jonathan Chang, Michael T. Chang, Patrick W. Chang, Stephen Chang, Neel Chari
G-Trace: Rapid Gal4-Based Cell Lineage Analysis In Drosophila, Cory J. Evans, John M. Olson, Kathy T. Ngo, Eunha Kim, Noemi E. Lee, Edward Kuoy, Alexander N. Patananan, Daniel Sitz, Phuong Thao Tran, Minh Tu Do, Kevin Yackle, Albert Cespedes, Volker Hartenstein, Gerald B. Call, Utpal Banerjee, Miriam Beyder, Kush V. Bhatt, Chinmay Bhoot, Aaron W. Bradshaw, Tierney G. Brannigan, Boyu Cao, Yancey Y. Cashell, Timothy Chai, Alex W. Chan, Carissa Chan, Inho Chang, Jonathan Chang, Michael T. Chang, Patrick W. Chang, Stephen Chang, Neel Chari
Biology Faculty Works
We combined Gal4-UAS and the FLP recombinase–FRT and fluorescent reporters to generate cell clones that provide spatial, temporal and genetic information about the origins of individual cells in Drosophila melanogaster. We named this combination the Gal4 technique for real-time and clonal expression (G-TRACE). The approach should allow for screening and the identification of real-time and lineage-traced expression patterns on a genomic scale.
Ecological Determinants Of Survival And Reproduction In The Spotted Hyena, Heather E. Watts
Ecological Determinants Of Survival And Reproduction In The Spotted Hyena, Heather E. Watts
Biology Faculty Works
Large carnivores play a key role in the structuring and dynamics of many ecosystems, yet the factors influencing dynamics of carnivore populations themselves are often poorly understood. Spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are the most abundant large carnivores in many African ecosystems. We describe demographic patterns in a population of spotted hyenas observed continuously for 15.5 years, and assess the effects of per capita prey availability, interspecific competition, rainfall, anthropogenic disturbance, and disease on 2 key determinants of population dynamics: reproduction and survival. Annual reproduction, survival of juveniles (i.e., recruitment to adulthood), and mortality of adults varied among years of the …
Evidence For Multiple Paternity In Broods Of The Green Lynx Spider Peucetia Viridans (Araneae: Oxyopidae), Martina G. Ramirez
Evidence For Multiple Paternity In Broods Of The Green Lynx Spider Peucetia Viridans (Araneae: Oxyopidae), Martina G. Ramirez
Biology Faculty Works
In the green lynx spider Peucetia viridans (Hentz 1832), the two openings of a mated female’s epigynum are often sealed by copulatory plugs, sometimes with the two-pronged distal portion of the paracybium of a male palpus inserted in each opening and embedded in the plugs. The presence of copulatory plugs and paracymbia may prevent further mating by the female. However, not all mated females exhibit these structures, perhaps allowing some P. viridans females to mate with more than one male, despite the assertion of Whitcomb & Eason (1965) that females only mate once. We investigated this possibility by surveying the …
The Evolution Of Photoperiodic Response Systems And Seasonal Gnrh Plasticity In Birds, Heather E. Watts
The Evolution Of Photoperiodic Response Systems And Seasonal Gnrh Plasticity In Birds, Heather E. Watts
Biology Faculty Works
Animals’ lives are typically subdivided into distinct stages, some of which (e.g. breeding) contribute to fitness through enhancing current reproductive success, and some of which (e.g. molting and migration in birds; hibernation in mammals) contribute to fitness through enhancing survival and, therefore, future reproductive opportunities. There is often a trade-off between these two kinds of processes, either because they are temporally incompatible with one another (e.g. migration precludes simultaneous nesting in birds) or because they are energetically incompatible with one another (e.g. successful molting appears to be incompatible with simultaneous nesting in many birds). Consequently, adaptations facilitating appropriate timing and …
Yeast Telomere Capping Protein Stn1 Overrides Dna Replication Control Through The S Phase Checkpoint, Hovik J. Gasparyan
Yeast Telomere Capping Protein Stn1 Overrides Dna Replication Control Through The S Phase Checkpoint, Hovik J. Gasparyan
Biology Faculty Works
Telomere integrity is maintained through end-protection proteins that block nuclease degradation and prevent telomeres from being recognized as DNA breaks. Although less well understood, end protection proteins may also play a role in facilitating telomere replication. Here, we show that overproduction (OP) of the yeast telomere capping protein Stn1 makes cells highly sensitive to the replication inhibitors hydroxyurea (HU) and methyl-methane sulfonate (MMS). Unexpectedly, this sensitivity corresponds with Stn1 OP blocking most, if not all, aspects of the S phase checkpoint. The checkpoint kinase Rad53 is phosphorylated with normal timing in Stn1 OP cells, indicating Stn1 does not interfere with …
Ten1 Is Essential For Cdc13-Mediated Telomere Capping, Hovik J. Gasparyan
Ten1 Is Essential For Cdc13-Mediated Telomere Capping, Hovik J. Gasparyan
Biology Faculty Works
Telomere binding proteins protect chromosome ends from degradation and mask chromosome termini from checkpoint surveillance. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cdc13 binds single-stranded G-rich telomere repeats, maintaining telomere integrity and length. Two additional proteins, Ten1 and Stn1, interact with Cdc13 but their contributions to telomere integrity are not well defined. Ten1 is known to prevent accumulation of aberrant single-stranded telomere DNA; whether this results from defective end protection or defective telomere replication is unclear. Here we report our analysis of a new group of ten1 temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants. At permissive temperatures, ten1-ts strains display greatly elongated telomeres. After shift to nonpermissive conditions, …