Biology Commons^™

Relation Between Specific Ionization Of Various Radiations And Their Relative Biological Effectiveness In Mammalian Systems, John E. Furchner

Biology ETDs

The relative biological effectiveness of several radiations of differing specific ionizations was determined. The radiation effect studied was impairment of bone marrow function, and the biological test system used was the depression of Fe⁵⁹ uptake by the red blood cells of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effectiveness of the mixed radiations in the thermal column of a homogeneous reactor was compared with 250-KVP X radiation, and the effect of the beta particles of tritium was compared with that of Co⁶⁰ gamma rays. The effect of the alpha particles of Pu and Ra on bone marrow function was also determined. …

Measurement Of Residual Lung Capacities And Ventilatory Efficiency By The Nitrogen Clearance Method, Elizabeth Roorbach

Biology ETDs

Essential to an understanding of the behavior of the lung is a knowledge of its total gas capacity and those fractions of it which are utilized in the process of normal breathing. Only when these volumes are known, it is possible to make an appraisal of the efficiency of the pulmonary ventilation in maintaining physiologically adequate levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveolar spaces with a minimum of ventilatory effort.

A Study Of An Unusually Heat Resistant Variant Of Bacilius Circulans, Roberta D. Demaret

Biology ETDs

The problem herein described was initiated while following the growth rate of a culture over a ten-hour period. A flask of polypeptone agar had been held in a 47-degree Celsius water bath to maintain it melted so that the plates could be poured periodically. The plates poured during the last two or three hours were found to be heavily contaminated with a Gram-positive, aerobic, sporeforming bacillus. Aseptic technique had been used in pouring the plates; however, external contamination was possible over the long pouring interval, so the test was repeated incubating a flask of the sterilized medium in the water …

The Nutritional Requirements Of A Strain Of Shigella Dysenteriae 1, Carl G. Mays

Biology ETDs

It was the purpose of this investigation to develop [a synthetic] medium for the growth of Shigella dysenteriae 1, strain 14-1, originally obtained from the collection at the Army Medical Service Graduate School. Not only was it desirable to grow the cells, but also to grow them in large quantities in the least possible time. Although considerable work has been done in determining the various growth essentials for many of the Shigella group, particularly the Flexner strains of Shigella paradysenteriae, comparatively little has be ascertained regarding those strains included in Shigella dysenteriae.

Protein Metabolism In Rats With Tumors Of The Liver, Chester R. Richmond

Biology ETDs

The purpose of our study was to determine possible alteration in water, fat, and protein content of the livers from rats fed DAB for long periods. Aliquots were used for the protein determinations.

Microscopic Alterations In Endocrine Glands And Other Organs Of Rats Fed The Hepatic Carcinogen P-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, Fenton C. Kelley

Biology ETDs

It was the purpose of this investigation to determine whether the feeding of DAB, in addition to inducing liver tumors, alters the microscopic structure of the endocrine system. In addition, a study was made of certain adrenal cortical hormones as possible modifiers of the carcinogenic effects of DAB.

Records And New Species Of Heterosphyronid Pseudoscorpions, Don L. Torgerson

Biology ETDs

Since the description of the family Chthoniidae by Hansen in 1894, the group has been revamped considerably. Most notable of these revisions are the works of Chamberlin (1931) and Beier (1932). At the present time the family contains twenty genera and several subgenera (unpublished data, C.C. Hoff). The distribution of the family Chthoniidae is cosmopolitan.

A Cytotaxonomic Study Of New Mexico Thelesperma, Andrew Marion Torres

Biology ETDs

This study has been an attempt to collect, to identify, and to classify the four New Mexico species of Thelesperma on the basis of morphology and chromosome number. In addition, an attempt has been made to analyze the morphology of the chromosomes with respect to their evolution.

Some Chernetid Pesudoscorpions From Mexico, Harold T. Neuberger

Biology ETDs

Included in the collection of chernetid pseudoscorpions from the American Museum of Natural History were found several individuals representing the species and records described herein as new. Much of the present material was taken from collections made by Clarence and Marie Goodnight in the central Mexico. After publication of data in the thesis, the specimens will be returned to the permanent collections of the American Museum of Natural History.

The Interrelation Of The Adrenal And Posterior Pituitary Glands In Water And Electrolyte Metabolism, Frederic A. Giere

Biology ETDs

The secretions of the adrenal medulla account for many of the instantaneous responses of the animal body to various stimuli, but it has not been established that such secretions play any significant role in the endocrine regulation of salt and water metabolism. On the other hand, it has been established that the adrenal cortex and the antidiuretic hormone of the posterior pituitary are intimately involved in such processes. Certain compounds of the amine type, among which are the adrenal medullary hormone, do have a dramatic action on water diuresis; but it is questioned whether these substances are involved in the …

Isotomine Collembola From The Sandia Mountains Of New Mexico, Harold Scott

Biology ETDs

This paper records the first study of Collembola ever made in the Sandia Mountains and one of the first ever made in New Mexico even though the state presents excellent opportunities for study of this order. The Sandia Mountains are an ecologist’s paradise and it is probable that two hundred or more species of Collembola occur in this region alone. The entire state of New Mexico, possessing the extremes of elevation and the large geographical extent necessary to produce a great diversity of habitat types, probably contains nearly twice this number.

The Respiratory Response To 6.2 Percent Carbon Dioxide And Various Concentration Of Oxygen At A Ground Level Of 5000 Ft. (Av. Bar. 630 Mm Hg), Astrid Lindholm

Biology ETDs

In this study the literature has been reviewed with [the aforementioned] facts in mind. It was of interest to note the lack of agreement among investigators concerning the respiratory response not only in inhaling 100 percent oxygen, but also to breathing gas mixtures containing low oxygen. Very few papers were found in which as systematic respiratory study had been made to determine the variations in ventilation produced by a given concentration of carbon dioxide at various concentrations of oxygen. On a whole, considerable individual difference in respiration was reported and it seemed worthwhile to study carefully a specific acclimatized subject …

The Use Of X-Ray And Nitrogen Mustard To Determine The Mitotic And Intermitotic Times In Normal And Malignant Mammalian Tissues, William Richard Widner

Biology ETDs

The relative times involved in the various phases of cell division is basic to problems of tissue growth, but the quantitative relation of mitotic and intermitotic times have received very little attention until recently. Even data on the quantitative comparison of mammalian growth rates are very limited. The rate of growth of any tissue is directly proportional to the number of new cells added to the tissue over and above the number of old cells being constantly destroyed.

The present study was undertaken: (1) to determine which of these two factors is responsible for differences in the mitotic index seen …

Respiration Of Kidney Slices From Adrenalectomized Rats Treated With Adrenal Cortical Hormones, Miriam Landew

Biology ETDs

In view of the fact that there obviously are metabolic and oxidative disturbances in the kidney caused by adrenalectomy, this investigation was attempted in an effort to obtain information concerning the following:

(1) Whether the rate of oxygen consumption of rat kidney tissue slices is a function of time; to determine whether the decreased metabolic function occurred immediately upon adrenalectomy or if an initial rise and then a falling off took place, as seemed to be indicated in the work done by Butcher (1943).

(2) Whether cortisone or desoxycorticosterone had the ability to alter oxygen consumption of kidney tissue in …

The Effects Of Epinephrine And Nor-Epinephrine On The Blood Picture In The Rat, George H. Gass

Biology ETDs

It has long been known that various stresses and stimuli elicit responses in the animal body, and since the stating of Cannon's "emergency function" (1929), the adrenal medullary hormones have been credited with exciting many of the instantaneous responses to the animal body.

The experiment was designed to determine: (1) whether nor-epinephrine has effects on the blood elements different from those seen after epinephrine treatment; (2) whether the dosage of hormone employed will affect the type of response obtained; and (3) whether the demedullated rat responds to the adrenal medullary hormones in the same pattern as the intact rat.

The Development Of Two Apparatuses And Techniques For The Measurement Of The Basil Respiration Rate Of A Bull Snake At Various Temperatures, Rowand R. Chaffee

Biology ETDs

The literature is extensive with respect to mammalism physiology, but extremely sparse concerning the reptilian physiology. According to Cook (1949) very little comprehensive work concerning the fundamental aspects of reptilian physiology has been done since Benedict's work in 1932.

A Study Of The Correlation Of Acid Production And Population Growth In Escherichia Coli, Proteus Morgani And Shigella Sonnei, Lolita R. Fritz

Biology ETDs

During the course of growth in a bacterial culture, cellular development and reproduction take place in a regular and orderly manner. It is possible to observe definite phases in the normal growth of a culture. Some method of evaluation of the growth must be used in order to determine the population change or the effect of chemical and physical environment on bacterial cells. Numerous methods have been tried, employing the total population number or rate of production is used in this investigation as an indication of population growth of Escherichia coli, Proteus morgani and Shigella sonnei.

There has …

A Method For The Determination Of Adrenaline In The Presence Of Mono And Dihydroxy Compounds, Glenn H. Steinback

Biology ETDs

Although the adrenal glands have long been known anatomically, any clue to their probable function remained hidden until the nineteenth century. According to Best and Taylor (1949) Eustachius described the adrenal glands in his book entitled “De Glandulis Quae Renibus Incumbent” as early as 1563.

The Role Of Environmental Factors In The Metamorphosis Of Ambystoma Tigrinum Mavortium Baird, John Roberts

Biology ETDs

The problem presented by this paper are directly concerned with the environmental factors influencing metamorphosis in Ambystoma tigrinum, and since the thyroid and pituitary glands are important in amphibian metamorphosis a brief account of experiments relating to metamorphosis is given here.

The In Vitro Determination Of Human Blood Oxygen Saturation In The Presence Of High Concentrations Of Carbon Dioxide, Elizabeth D. Armstrong

Biology ETDs

Mayow’s work in 1673 is cited by Landois (1905) as the first demonstration of the liberation of gases from blood in a vacuum. In 1863 Meyer, Ludwig, and Pfleuger established that the oxygen leaving the lung was transported in a combined form with hemoglobin and that the oxygen was released into the tissues accompanied by a change in color of the blood.

Induced Neoteny In Ambystoma Tigrinum Mavortium Baird I. Treatment With Non-Hypophyseal Hormones, John E. Furchner

Biology ETDs

Metamorphosis in amphibia has been the subject of many investigations, not only because the phenomenon is a manifestation of growth and differentiation, but also because of the close relationship between metamorphosis and the thyroid gland.

The Development Of The Scholander Micro-Respirometer For Use In The Study Of Metabolism In Bacterical Endospores, Phillip G. Crook

Biology ETDs

In this paper, the Scholander micro-respirometer has been adapted, and techniques worked out, to permit its use in attacking the problems associated with endospore respiration.

A Special Respiratory Mechanism In The Adrenal Gland Of Cattle, Martin Roeder

Biology ETDs

The first definite evidence for the existence of an enzyme which catalyzes the biological oxidation of phenols was presented was presented in 1896 by Bourquelot and Bertrand. By 1902 the latter had characterized the enzyme as acting directly on the amino acid tyrosine, and had demonstrated its action against other substances, including p-hydroxyphenylethylamine, p-cresol, and phenol.

The Life Cycle Of The Ostracod Cypricercus Reticulatus (Zaddach, 1844) Sars, 1928, Louise E. Goeke

Biology ETDs

The purpose of the present study is to describe the stages in the life-cycle of the fresh-water ostracod, Cypricercus reticulatus (Zaddach,1844) Sars, 1928 of the family Cypridae. This particular species was chosen primarily because of availability. The selection of this species was fortunate since C. reticulatus was found to be easily adapted to laboratory conditions. In addition, the form was a fortunate selection because the period of time required for reproduction is relatively brief and the species reproduces parthenogenetically, thus eliminating difficulties incident to impregnation of the females.

A Study Of The Effects Of Electrical Stimulation, Gonadotrophin, And Thymus Upon The Metamorphosis Of Ambystoma Tigrinum Baird, Leon J. Butterfield

Biology ETDs

It was the purpose of this study, (1) to measure the polarization of zodiacal light, (2) to investigate the orientation of the plane of polarization, and (3) to deduce from results obtained information concerning the origin of zodiacal light.

A Preliminary Investigation Of The Species Of Water Mites Of The United States Rocky Mountain Region And Vicinity Of Albuquerque, New Mexico, David W. Bergstrom

Biology ETDs

The primary purpose of this research problem is to give a preliminary accounting of the species of Hydracarina or water mites found at several mountain localities in Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Montana, and New Mexico. In general, since the collecting was confined to altitudes above 4500 feet, the results of this problem constitute a survey of some of the highest forms of water mites of the United States.

A Study Of Stimulated Respiration In The Adrenal Gland, Owen Foster Kline Jr.

Biology ETDs

The purpose of this paper is to present certain preliminary observations on what is believed to be completely new special metabolism in the adrenal gland of Hereford cattle. Although no direct correlation between any of the substances isolable from the adrenal gland and the respiratory system to be described in this paper has been obtained, it is nevertheless necessary to present a review of the chemical and medical data available pertaining to these glands.

Ecological Changes In An Overgrazed Grassland Area Resulting From Eleven Years Of Protection Against Livestock Usage, Larry L. Gordon

Biology ETDs

The present paper, like many others already published, contributes to our knowledge of the effect of long time overgrazing and the recovery of lands temporarily retired from utilization. In the present study, an attempt is made to determine the effects of an eleven year recovery of grazing lands following misuse for nearly two centuries. The topics given detailed attention include the flora with particular reference to the grasses and forbs, the fauna with special emphasis on the rodents, and the climatic and edaphic factors.

The area in which the study was conducted is on the east side of the Rio …

The Effect Of Certain Chemotherapeutic Substances On Antibody Production, Clifford C. Davis Jr.

Biology ETDs

The purpose of the present study was (1) to compare the production of specific antibodies in normal animals to that seen in similar animals receiving treatment with a given compound during the immunization period; (2) to correlate these responses with the over-all physiologic response of the animal to the compound; and (3) attempt to account for any variations from the normal by these animals.

A Study Of The Effects Of An Estrogenic Complex On Bacillus Subtilus, Roger S. Wotkyns

Biology ETDs

In an effort to understand malignancies, a number of studies have been made on the quantitative aspects of the effects of synthetic carcinogenic hydrocarbons on microorganisms. The molecular similarities of these synthetic carcinogens and natural products such as the estrogens, the androgens, cholic acid, vitamin D and others have stimulated a great deal of interest in investigation of the possible carcinogenic nature of these natural products.