Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Animal Sciences (83)
- Genetics and Genomics (48)
- Plant Sciences (39)
- Cell and Developmental Biology (35)
- Microbiology (35)
-
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (33)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (29)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (29)
- Ornithology (25)
- Physiology (19)
- Genetics (17)
- Zoology (17)
- Environmental Sciences (15)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (13)
- Cell Biology (13)
- Education (11)
- Plant Biology (11)
- Organisms (10)
- Marine Biology (9)
- Other Animal Sciences (9)
- Genomics (8)
- Science and Mathematics Education (8)
- Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology (8)
- Virology (8)
- Biochemistry (7)
- Population Biology (7)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (7)
- Bacteriology (6)
- Keyword
-
- Gene expression (20)
- Genomics (16)
- Diapause (15)
- Mutation (Biology) (15)
- DNA repair (14)
-
- Mitochondrial DNA (14)
- Avian biology (11)
- Escherichia coli (11)
- Killifishes (11)
- RNA (10)
- Bacterial genomes (9)
- Bird populations -- United States (9)
- Eastern Kingbirds (9)
- Genomes -- research (9)
- Non-coding RNA (9)
- Anoxia (8)
- Archaebacteria (8)
- Genetic transcription (8)
- Ubiquitin (8)
- Transcription factors (7)
- Endosymbiosis (6)
- Plant-microbe relationships (6)
- Proteomics (6)
- Zebra danio -- Genetics (6)
- Anoxemia -- Research (5)
- Bacterial genetics (5)
- Bufo marinus -- Physiology (5)
- Caenorhabditis (5)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (5)
- DNA replication (5)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations (310)
- Dissertations and Theses (279)
- University Honors Theses (31)
- Student Research Symposium (25)
- Center for Life in Extreme Environments Publications (6)
-
- Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations (6)
- Institute for Natural Resources Publications (5)
- McNair Symposium (4)
- Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations (3)
- Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations (3)
- PDXPLORES Podcast (2)
- PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal (2)
- Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations (1)
- Anthós (1)
- Biology Undergraduate Honors Theses (1)
- Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations (1)
- Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations (1)
- Maseeh Summer Undergraduate Research Experience (1)
- Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations (1)
- Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations (1)
- Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers (1)
- Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 181 - 210 of 686
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Nesting Habits Of Cavity Nesting Bees And Wasps In Portland, Oregon, Stefanie Kay Steele
Nesting Habits Of Cavity Nesting Bees And Wasps In Portland, Oregon, Stefanie Kay Steele
Dissertations and Theses
Native bees are threatened by habitat loss through urbanization, however, there is increasing interest in creating bee nesting habitat in urban areas. Few studies have determined what species are present in the region, or examined the role of nest height or cavity size in attracting the approximate one-third of native bees that nest in cavities. To determine what species were present, and whether they showed preferences for nesting at a certain height or cavity width, we set up artificial wooden cavity nest blocks across fourteen locations in the greater Portland, OR area. Wooden posts were erected with nest blocks at …
Temperature-Induced Activation Of The Reproductive Axis Through Melatonin-Mediated Changes In Thyrotropin, Treven J. Winters
Temperature-Induced Activation Of The Reproductive Axis Through Melatonin-Mediated Changes In Thyrotropin, Treven J. Winters
Dissertations and Theses
An animal's ability to synchronize life-history events or stages with optimal environmental conditions is paramount to successfully reproducing and maximizing fitness. Additional events including migration, foraging, rearing of young, and emergence from hibernation are all examples of processes under environmental control in one species or another. An exciting new mechanism involving neural thyroid hormone metabolism has been elucidated that links environmental control to the neuroendocrine reproductive axis. In birds and mammals with seasonal breeding cycles, this neuroendocrine pathway is activated by photoperiod-induced changes in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH, also known as thyrotropin) production within the pars tuberalis region of the …
Testing Functional Variation In Thermal Properties For Antarctic Mosses, Andrew Forrest Clements
Testing Functional Variation In Thermal Properties For Antarctic Mosses, Andrew Forrest Clements
Dissertations and Theses
As the maritime Antarctic ecosystem continues to warm, glacial retreat will further expose subterranean permafrost to warmer conditions. One of the most visible changes in the ecosystem is the colonization of the new ice-free areas by bryophytes, particularly mosses. These bryophytes are having important effects on terrestrial thermal properties, but little is known about differences among Antarctic moss species in their thermal properties. Here, I measured the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and the water content of moss species on King George Island to understand the insulation ability of Antarctic mosses, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sanionia georgicouncinata, Chorisodontium aciphyllum, …
Elucidating The Evolution And Function Of Srnas That Facilitate Bacterial Stress Tolerance, Madeline Claire Krieger
Elucidating The Evolution And Function Of Srnas That Facilitate Bacterial Stress Tolerance, Madeline Claire Krieger
Dissertations and Theses
Non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) are ubiquitous post-transcriptional regulators found in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Despite their integral role in many regulatory pathways, including those that facilitate stress-tolerance, little is known about the evolutionary forces that drive the emergence of novel sRNAs, how prevalent sRNAs are within bacterial species, or the functions of a majority of these transcripts. In this work, I first describe the evolution of OxyS, a well-characterized sRNA in gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae that is involved in coordinating the bacterial response to oxidative stress. Next, I identify novel sRNAs differentially produced by the gram-positive oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans in …
Spiders You May Encounter While Social Distancing: A Field Guide To Oregon, Daniel K. Hufnagel
Spiders You May Encounter While Social Distancing: A Field Guide To Oregon, Daniel K. Hufnagel
Anthós
This document is simply a short field guide on the many endearing spiders you have encountered or will potentially encounter while social distancing in Oregon. Included are journal entries for six different species of spider, with each log containing an illustration and a description of the physical appearance, behavior, and habitat of the arachnid listed. Also included is a basic diagram depicting the anatomy of the common spider.
Potential Therapeutic Effects Of Snake Venom Components On Pain Management In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Maggie Metzger
Potential Therapeutic Effects Of Snake Venom Components On Pain Management In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Maggie Metzger
University Honors Theses
This paper reviews the existing literature on the uses of snake venom in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and pain management. Venom from the families Elapidae and Viperidae have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The analgesic findings of research on arthritis murine models are discussed, and the existing uses of snake venom in medicine to suggest the therapeutic potential of venom in the pain management of rheumatoid arthritis are taken into account. Snake venom has anti-inflammatory effects by reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, snake venom can reduce structural damage from …
The Usage Of Resveratrol For Eye Pain After Refractive Surgery, Dennis Nguyen
The Usage Of Resveratrol For Eye Pain After Refractive Surgery, Dennis Nguyen
University Honors Theses
LASEK and PRK are common laser corrective eye procedures that aim to correct the refractive errors of the eye, although these procedures do carry the potential of post-operation complications of dry eye and symptoms of pain and photophobia as a result of corneal innervation damage. Resveratrol was tested on the surface of the cornea to see if the drug would be effective at attenuating post-corrective eye pain. Male and female rats underwent a unilateral corneal abrasion surgery that aimed to mimic the post-op symptoms of PRK. The rats either received the resveratrol drug treatment or a vehicle formulation. The Rat …
Bryophyte Ecosystem Services: How Bryophytes Impact Ecosystem Processes And Their Use In Urban Systems, Keila Spangler
Bryophyte Ecosystem Services: How Bryophytes Impact Ecosystem Processes And Their Use In Urban Systems, Keila Spangler
University Honors Theses
Bryophytes, which include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, are non-vascular plants that provide crucial ecosystem services in natural and urban systems. In natural systems, these services include carbon, water, and nutrient cycling and maintenance of community level biodiversity. In urban systems, bryophytes can be used as green roof substrate, as bioindicators to monitor pollution and air quality, for horticulture uses, and in medicine. Although bryophytes possess some qualities, such as reproduction by spores, that may give them an advantage compared to vascular plants as the climate warms, their response to climate change remains understudied. This paper will review the literature on …
Inter- And Intracontinental Migration By The Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus Tyrannus), Daniel H. Kim, Lucas J. Redmond, James R. Fox, Michael T. Murphy
Inter- And Intracontinental Migration By The Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus Tyrannus), Daniel H. Kim, Lucas J. Redmond, James R. Fox, Michael T. Murphy
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
We recovered 12 archival geolocators deployed on Eastern Kingbirds (Tyrannus tyrannus) breeding in New York (NY; n¼3, 2 with 2 years of data), Nebraska (NE; n¼6, 1 with 2 years of data), and Oregon (OR; n¼3) to describe migratory routes, timing and rates of migration, nonbreeding season distributions, and migratory connectedness. NY fall migrants migrated along the Atlantic coast to Florida, flew either nonstop across the Gulf of Mexico (GoM; 2 of 3 birds) or stopped once along the way (Cuba and Cayman Islands in different years) to land in Yucatan/Central America. Fall birds from NE and OR arrived at …
Coxiella Burnetii And Related Tick Endosymbionts Evolved From Pathogenic Ancestors, Amanda E. Brenner, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Madhur Sachan, Marcelo B. Labruna, Rahul Raghavan
Coxiella Burnetii And Related Tick Endosymbionts Evolved From Pathogenic Ancestors, Amanda E. Brenner, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Madhur Sachan, Marcelo B. Labruna, Rahul Raghavan
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Both symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae cause morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. For instance, Coxiella-like endosymbionts (CLEs) improve the reproductive success of ticks—a major disease vector, while Coxiella burnetii causes human Q fever, and uncharacterized coxiellae infect both animals and humans. To better understand the evolution of pathogenesis and symbiosis in this group of intracellular bacteria, we sequenced the genome of a CLE present in the soft tick Ornithodoros amblus (CLEOA) and compared it to the genomes of other bacteria in the order Legionellales. Our analyses confirmed that CLEOA is more closely related to …
Nest Site Selection And Nesting Behavior Of The Mud Turtle Kinosternon Scorpiodes (Testudines, Kinosternidae) In Palo Verde National Park, Costa Rica: Implications For Management, José M. Mora, Franklin E. Castañeda
Nest Site Selection And Nesting Behavior Of The Mud Turtle Kinosternon Scorpiodes (Testudines, Kinosternidae) In Palo Verde National Park, Costa Rica: Implications For Management, José M. Mora, Franklin E. Castañeda
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Habitat selection is the process whereby individuals preferentially use, or occupy, a non-random set of available habitats. At the same time, nest site selection is defined as the placement of eggs by females at sites differing from random sites within a delimited area. We located 59 nests of the mud turtle Kinosternon scorpioides in Palo Verde National Park (PVNP) in Northwestern Costa Rica. We compared eight microhabitat variables at nest sites against those at random sites. Females significantly placed their eggs at sites with more understory, leaf litter cover, and greater leaf litter depth than in random sites. Additionally, females …
Connecting Environment And Phenotype: Deciphering Mechanisms Of Diapause Entry And Exit In The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Erin Monica Davis
Connecting Environment And Phenotype: Deciphering Mechanisms Of Diapause Entry And Exit In The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Erin Monica Davis
Dissertations and Theses
Embryonic development is complex, dynamic, and dependent on environmental factors. Mechanisms of sensing and integrating environmental stimuli are diverse, and understanding these mechanisms in extant species can elucidate how complex phenotypes emerge from genomic information expressed in an environmental context. In Austrofundulus limnaeus, an annual killifish with alternative developmental trajectories, light and temperature are vital factors that determine if an embryo will enter a state of diapause. We hypothesize that embryos of A. limnaeus use the vitamin D3 signaling pathway as a vehicle to incorporate these ecological signals into their developmental programing. Here we provide evidence of …
A Pilot Study Of Near-Field Airborne Particle Concentrations In Young Children Undergoing High Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy., Elliott T. Gall, Aurélie Laguerre, Michelle Noelck, Annalise Van Meurs, Jared A. Austin, Byron A. Foster
A Pilot Study Of Near-Field Airborne Particle Concentrations In Young Children Undergoing High Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy., Elliott T. Gall, Aurélie Laguerre, Michelle Noelck, Annalise Van Meurs, Jared A. Austin, Byron A. Foster
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Background High flow nasal cannula therapy (HFNC) may increase aerosol generation, putting healthcare workers at risk, including from SARS-CoV-2. Aim This study examined whether use of HFNC increases near-field aerosols and if there is a relationship with flow rate. Methods Subjects aged four weeks to 24 months were recruited. Each child received HFNC therapy at different flow rates. Three stations with particle counters were deployed to measure particle concentrations and dispersion in the room: station one within 0.5 m, station two at 2 m, and station three on the other side of the room. We measured carbon dioxide (CO2) and …
Events Associated With Dna Replication Disruption Are Not Observed In Hydrogen Peroxide-Treated Escherichia Coli, Chettar A. Hoff, Sierra S. Schmidt, Brandy J. Hackert, Travis K. Worley, Justin Courcelle, Charmain Courcelle
Events Associated With Dna Replication Disruption Are Not Observed In Hydrogen Peroxide-Treated Escherichia Coli, Chettar A. Hoff, Sierra S. Schmidt, Brandy J. Hackert, Travis K. Worley, Justin Courcelle, Charmain Courcelle
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
UV irradiation induces pyrimidine dimers that block polymerases and disrupt the replisome. Restoring replication depends on the recF pathway proteins which process and maintain the replication fork DNA to allow the lesion to be repaired before replication resumes. Oxidative DNA lesions, such as those induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are often thought to require similar processing events, yet far less is known about how cells process oxidative damage during replication. Here we show that replication is not disrupted by H2O2-induced DNA damage in vivo. Following an initial inhibition, replication resumes in …
Host-Specific Symbioses And The Microbial Prey Of A Pelagic Tunicate (Pyrosoma Atlanticum), Anne W. Thompson, Anne C. Ward, Carey P. Sweeney, Kelly R. Sutherland
Host-Specific Symbioses And The Microbial Prey Of A Pelagic Tunicate (Pyrosoma Atlanticum), Anne W. Thompson, Anne C. Ward, Carey P. Sweeney, Kelly R. Sutherland
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Pyrosomes are widely distributed pelagic tunicates that have the potential to reshape marine food webs when they bloom. However, their grazing preferences and interactions with the background microbial community are poorly understood. This is the first study of the marine microorganisms associated with pyrosomes undertaken to improve the understanding of pyrosome biology, the impact of pyrosome blooms on marine microbial systems, and microbial symbioses with marine animals. The diversity, relative abundance, and taxonomy of pyrosome-associated microorganisms were compared to seawater during a Pyrosoma atlanticum bloom in the Northern California Current System using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, microscopy, …
Microarthropod Contributions To Fitness Variation In The Common Moss ., Erin E. Shortlidge, Sarah B. Carey, Adam C. Payton, Stuart F. Mcdaniel, Todd N. Rosenstiel, Sarah M. Eppley
Microarthropod Contributions To Fitness Variation In The Common Moss ., Erin E. Shortlidge, Sarah B. Carey, Adam C. Payton, Stuart F. Mcdaniel, Todd N. Rosenstiel, Sarah M. Eppley
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
The evolution of sustained plant-animal interactions depends critically upon genetic variation in the fitness benefits from the interaction. Genetic analyses of such interactions are limited to a few model systems, in part because genetic variation may be absent or the interacting species may be experimentally intractable. Here, we examine the role of sperm-dispersing microarthropods in shaping reproduction and genetic variation in mosses. We established experimental mesocosms with known moss genotypes and inferred the parents of progeny from mesocosms with and without microarthropods, using a pooled sequencing approach. Moss reproductive rates increased fivefold in the presence of microarthropods, relative to control …
Embryo Ecology: Developmental Synchrony And Asynchrony In The Embryonic Development Of Wild Annual Fish Populations, Matej Polacik, Milan Vrtilek, Martin Reichard, Jakub Zak, Radim Blazek, Jason Podrabsky
Embryo Ecology: Developmental Synchrony And Asynchrony In The Embryonic Development Of Wild Annual Fish Populations, Matej Polacik, Milan Vrtilek, Martin Reichard, Jakub Zak, Radim Blazek, Jason Podrabsky
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Embryo–environment interactions are of paramount importance during the development of all organisms, and impacts during this period can echo far into later stages of ontogeny. African annual fish of the genus Nothobranchius live in temporary pools and their eggs survive the dry season in the dry bottom substrate of the pools by entering a facultative developmental arrest termed diapause. Uniquely among animals, the embryos (encased in eggs) may enter diapause at three different developmental stages. Such a system allows for the potential to employ different regulation mechanisms for each diapause. We sampled multiple Nothobranchius embryo banks across the progressing season, …
Expression And Function Of Transcription Factors Foxa1, Hoxb13 And Cdx2 In Prostate Cancer, Hamsat B. Anwar
Expression And Function Of Transcription Factors Foxa1, Hoxb13 And Cdx2 In Prostate Cancer, Hamsat B. Anwar
University Honors Theses
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of death in men, affecting around 190 thousand patients in 2020 alone (National Institute of Cancer, 2020). Much of the current research focuses on treatments for advanced PC, which is problematic due to the rapid evolution of tumors and development of treatment resistance. Cancer early detection presents a better approach to control and treat patients before they acquire an incurable disease. Earlier diagnosis of patients leads to better prognosis and a more comfortable treatment process (Etzioni et al., 2003). However, we currently lack molecular markers to stratify PC during its early stages. …
The Genetic Architecture Of Sexual Dimorphism In The Moss, Leslie M. Kollar, Scott Kiel, Ashley J. James, Cody T. Carnley, Danielle N. Scola, Taylor N. Clark, Tikahari Khanal, Todd Rosenstiel, Elliott T. Gall, Karl Grieshop, Stuart F. Mcdaniel
The Genetic Architecture Of Sexual Dimorphism In The Moss, Leslie M. Kollar, Scott Kiel, Ashley J. James, Cody T. Carnley, Danielle N. Scola, Taylor N. Clark, Tikahari Khanal, Todd Rosenstiel, Elliott T. Gall, Karl Grieshop, Stuart F. Mcdaniel
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
A central problem in evolutionary biology is to identify the forces that maintain genetic variation for fitness in natural populations. Sexual antagonism, in which selection favours different variants in males and females, can slow the transit of a polymorphism through a population or can actively maintain fitness variation. The amount of sexually antagonistic variation to be expected depends in part on the genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism, about which we know relatively little. Here, we used a multivariate quantitative genetic approach to examine the genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism in a scent-based fertilization syndrome of the moss We found sexual …
A Caenorhabditis Elegans Behavioral Assay Distinguishes Early Stage Prostate Cancer Patient Urine From Controls., Morgan Thompson, Noemi Sarabia Feria, Ally Yoshioka, Eugene Tu, Fehmi Civitci, Suzanne Estes, Josiah T. Wagner
A Caenorhabditis Elegans Behavioral Assay Distinguishes Early Stage Prostate Cancer Patient Urine From Controls., Morgan Thompson, Noemi Sarabia Feria, Ally Yoshioka, Eugene Tu, Fehmi Civitci, Suzanne Estes, Josiah T. Wagner
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Current methods for non-invasive prostate cancer (PrCa) detection have a high false-positive rate and often result in unnecessary biopsies. Previous work has suggested that urinary volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers may be able to distinguish PrCa cases from benign disease. The behavior of the nematode has been proposed as a tool to take advantage of these potential VOC profiles. To test the ability of Bristol N2 to distinguish PrCa cases from controls, we performed chemotaxis assays using human urine samples collected from men screened for PrCa. Behavioral response of nematodes towards diluted urine from PrCa cases were compared to controls …
Is This Science? Students' Experiences Of Failure Make A Research-Based Course Feel Authentic, Emma C. Goodwin, Vladimir Anokhin, Mackenzie J. Gray, Daniel E. Zajic, Jason Podrabsky, Erin E. Shortlidge
Is This Science? Students' Experiences Of Failure Make A Research-Based Course Feel Authentic, Emma C. Goodwin, Vladimir Anokhin, Mackenzie J. Gray, Daniel E. Zajic, Jason Podrabsky, Erin E. Shortlidge
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) and inquiry-based curricula both expose students to the scientific process. CUREs additionally engage students in novel and scientifically relevant research, with the intention of providing an "authentic" research experience. However, we have little understanding of which course design elements impact students' beliefs that they are experiencing "authentic" research. We designed a study to explore introductory biology students' perceptions of research authenticity in CURE and inquiry classes. Using the Laboratory Course Assessment Survey, we found that students in CURE sections perceived higher levels of authentic research elements than students in inquiry-based sections. To identify specific factors …
Synergistic Epistasis Enhances The Co-Operativity Of Mutualistic Interspecies Interactions., Serdar Turkarslan, Nejc Stopnisek, Anne W. Thompson, Christina E. Arens, Jacob J. Valenzuela, James Wilson, Kristopher A. Hunt, Jessica Hardwicke, Adrián López García De Lomana, Sujung Lim, Yee Mey Seah, Ying Fu, Liyou Wu, Jizhong Zhou, Kristina L. Hillesland, David A. Stahl, Nitin S. Baliga
Synergistic Epistasis Enhances The Co-Operativity Of Mutualistic Interspecies Interactions., Serdar Turkarslan, Nejc Stopnisek, Anne W. Thompson, Christina E. Arens, Jacob J. Valenzuela, James Wilson, Kristopher A. Hunt, Jessica Hardwicke, Adrián López García De Lomana, Sujung Lim, Yee Mey Seah, Ying Fu, Liyou Wu, Jizhong Zhou, Kristina L. Hillesland, David A. Stahl, Nitin S. Baliga
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Early evolution of mutualism is characterized by big and predictable adaptive changes, including the specialization of interacting partners, such as through deleterious mutations in genes not required for metabolic cross-feeding. We sought to investigate whether these early mutations improve cooperativity by manifesting in synergistic epistasis between genomes of the mutually interacting species. Specifically, we have characterized evolutionary trajectories of syntrophic interactions of Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Dv) with Methanococcus maripaludis (Mm) by longitudinally monitoring mutations accumulated over 1000 generations of nine independently evolved communities with analysis of the genotypic structure of one community down to the single-cell level. We discovered extensive parallelism …
Modulation Of Bacterial Fitness And Virulence Through Antisense Rnas, Jess A. Millar, Rahul Raghavan
Modulation Of Bacterial Fitness And Virulence Through Antisense Rnas, Jess A. Millar, Rahul Raghavan
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Regulatory RNAs contribute to gene expression control in bacteria. Antisense RNAs (asRNA) are a class of regulatory RNAs that are transcribed from opposite strands of their target genes. Typically, these untranslated transcripts bind to cognate mRNAs and rapidly regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this article, we review asRNAs that modulate bacterial fitness and increase virulence. We chose examples that underscore the variety observed in nature including, plasmid- and chromosome-encoded asRNAs, a riboswitch-regulated as RNA, and as RNAs that require other RNAs or RNA binding proteins for stability and activity. We explore how as RNAs improve bacterial fitness …
Editor's Choice: Honoring Joel Asaph Allen, Luis A. Ruedas
Editor's Choice: Honoring Joel Asaph Allen, Luis A. Ruedas
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Joel Asaph Allen (19 July 1838 to 29 August 1921; Fig. 1) was a formative figure in the early years of the American Society of Mammalogists (ASM). Prior to the constitution of the Society, Allen had been appointed by Hartley H. T. Jackson as a member of the Committee on the Organization of the Mammal Society (Hoffmeister 1969). By all accounts a retiring individual, he was elected to honorary membership in the Society at the first meeting of the ASM (Washington, DC, 3–4 April 1919—Hoffmeister 1969). Honorary Membership is “the highest honor that the Society bestows” (Genoways and Freeman 2001).
Niche Partitioning Of Low-Light Adapted Prochlorococcus Subecotypes Across Oceanographic Gradients Of The North Pacific Subtropical Front, Anne W. Thompson, Kathleen Kouba, Nathan A. Ahlgren
Niche Partitioning Of Low-Light Adapted Prochlorococcus Subecotypes Across Oceanographic Gradients Of The North Pacific Subtropical Front, Anne W. Thompson, Kathleen Kouba, Nathan A. Ahlgren
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
The cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the most abundant photosynthetic cell on Earth and contributes to global ocean carbon cycling and food webs. Prochlorococcus is known for its extensive diversity that falls into two groups of ecotypes, the low‐light (LL) and high‐light (HL) adapted ecotypes. Previous work has shown niche partitioning of the very abundant HL adapted ecotypes and subecotypes across oceanographic gradients including temperature, nutrients, and day length. However, niche partitioning of subecotypes within the LL adapted ecotypes has not been studied as well because they are less abundant and less accessible than surface, HL populations. Through high‐throughput, cyanobacterial‐specific, sequencing of …
Male Fetal Sex Affects Uteroplacental Angiogenesis In Growth Restriction Mouse Model, Jessica F. Hebert, Jess A. Millar, Rahul Raghavan, Amie L. Romney, Jason Podrabsky, Monique Y. Rennie, Allison Felker, Perrie O'Tierney-Ginn, Mayu Morita, Elizabeth A. Dupriest, Terry K. Morgan
Male Fetal Sex Affects Uteroplacental Angiogenesis In Growth Restriction Mouse Model, Jessica F. Hebert, Jess A. Millar, Rahul Raghavan, Amie L. Romney, Jason Podrabsky, Monique Y. Rennie, Allison Felker, Perrie O'Tierney-Ginn, Mayu Morita, Elizabeth A. Dupriest, Terry K. Morgan
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Abnormally increased angiotensin II activity related to maternal angiotensinogen (AGT) genetic variants, or aberrant receptor activation, is associated with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) babies and abnormal uterine spiral artery remodeling in humans. Our group studies a murine AGT gene titration transgenic (TG; 3-copies of the AGT gene) model, which has a 20% increase in AGT expression mimicking a common human AGT genetic variant (A[-6]G) associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and spiral artery pathology. We hypothesized that aberrant maternal AGT expression impacts pregnancy-induced uterine spiral artery angiogenesis in this mouse model leading to IUGR. We controlled for fetal sex and fetal genotype …
Genetic Variation Within A Species Of Parasitic Nematode, Skrjabingylus Chitwoodorum, In Skunks, Allie N. Denham, Malorri R. Hughes, Robert C. Dowler, Nicholas J. Negovetich, Loren K. Ammerman
Genetic Variation Within A Species Of Parasitic Nematode, Skrjabingylus Chitwoodorum, In Skunks, Allie N. Denham, Malorri R. Hughes, Robert C. Dowler, Nicholas J. Negovetich, Loren K. Ammerman
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Carnivores in the families Mustelidae and Mephitidae are essential hosts for the cranial roundworm genus Skrjabingylus. A high prevalence of Skrjabingylus chitwoodorum has been observed in the striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis. Genetic barcoding studies of other nematodes have successfully used the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial gene to analyze genetic variation and divergence. We tested the hypothesis that low population structuring occurs within S. chitwoodorum because M. mephitis is widespread across much of North America and has high levels of gene flow. We extracted DNA from 38 samples of Skrjabingylus removed from the sinuses of M. mephitis and one from …
Menthol To Induce Non-Shivering Thermogenesis Via Trpm8/Pka Signaling For Treatment Of Obesity, Owen Sanders, Jayalekshmi Rajagopalan, Lekshmy Rajagopal
Menthol To Induce Non-Shivering Thermogenesis Via Trpm8/Pka Signaling For Treatment Of Obesity, Owen Sanders, Jayalekshmi Rajagopalan, Lekshmy Rajagopal
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Increasing basal energy expenditure via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent non-shivering thermogenesis is an attractive therapeutic strategy for treatment of obesity. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channel activation by cold and cold mimetics induces UCP1 transcription and prevents obesity in animals, but the clinical relevance of this relationship remains incompletely understood. A review of TRPM8 channel agonism for treatment of obesity focusing on menthol was undertaken. Adipocyte TRPM8 activation results in Ca2+ influx and protein kinase A (PKA) activation, which induces mitochondrial elongation, mitochondrial localization to lipid droplets, lipolysis, β-oxidation, and UCP1 expression. Ca2+-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species activate UCP1. …
Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee And Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee Of The Ictv: Update Of Taxonomy Changes In 2021, Mart Krupovic, Dann Turner, Vera Morozova, Mike L. Dyall-Smith, Hanna M. Oksanen, Rob Edwards, Bas E. Dutilh, Kenneth M. Stedman, Multiple Additional Authors
Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee And Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee Of The Ictv: Update Of Taxonomy Changes In 2021, Mart Krupovic, Dann Turner, Vera Morozova, Mike L. Dyall-Smith, Hanna M. Oksanen, Rob Edwards, Bas E. Dutilh, Kenneth M. Stedman, Multiple Additional Authors
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
In this article, we – the Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee and the Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) – summarise the results of our activities for the period March 2020 – March 2021. We report the division of the former Bacterial and Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee in two separate Subcommittees, welcome new members, a new Subcommittee Chair and Vice Chair, and give an overview of the new taxa that were proposed in 2020, approved by the Executive Committee and ratifed by vote in 2021. In particular, a new realm, three orders, 15 families, 31 subfamilies, 734 …
Control Of Blood Volume Following Hypovolemic Challenge In Vertebrates: Transcapillary Versus Lymphatic Mechanisms., Stanley S. Hillman, Robert C. Drewes, Michael S. Hedrick
Control Of Blood Volume Following Hypovolemic Challenge In Vertebrates: Transcapillary Versus Lymphatic Mechanisms., Stanley S. Hillman, Robert C. Drewes, Michael S. Hedrick
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Anurans have an exceptional capacity for maintaining vascular volume compared with other groups of vertebrates. They can mobilize interstitial fluids via lymphatic return at rates that are ten-fold higher than mammals. This extraordinary capacity is the result of coordination of specialized skeletal muscles and pulmonary ventilation that vary volume and pressure of subcutaneous lymph sacs, thus moving lymph to dorsally located lymph hearts that return lymph to the vascular space. Variation in the capacity to mobilize lymph within anurans varies with the degree of terrestriality, development of skeletal muscles, lung volume and lung compliance, and lymph heart pressure development. This …