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Articles 361 - 370 of 370
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Cocaine- And Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide Modulation Of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Signaling In Hippocampal Neurons, Elena (Olena) Petroff, Jianguo Chen, Pastor R. Couceyro, Toshinori Hoshi
Cocaine- And Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide Modulation Of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Signaling In Hippocampal Neurons, Elena (Olena) Petroff, Jianguo Chen, Pastor R. Couceyro, Toshinori Hoshi
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Administration of cocaine and amphetamine increases cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) expression in the rat striatum (Douglass et al., 1995). CART mRNA is highly expressed in different parts of the human and rat brain, including hippocampus (Douglass et al., 1995; Couceyro et al., 1997; Kuhar and Yoho, 1999; Hurd and Fagergren, 2000). The presence of CART peptide 55-102 immunoreactivity in dense core vesicles of axon terminals suggests that the peptide may be released and may act as a neuromodulator (Smith et al., 1997) to induce neurophysiological and behavioral effects. Little is known, however, about CART peptide-responsive cells, receptor(s), or intracellular …
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylates And Targets Inducible Camp Early Repressor To Ubiquitin-Mediated Destruction, Ghassan Yehia, Florence Schlotter, Reza Razavi, Alessandro Alessandrini, Carlos Molina
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylates And Targets Inducible Camp Early Repressor To Ubiquitin-Mediated Destruction, Ghassan Yehia, Florence Schlotter, Reza Razavi, Alessandro Alessandrini, Carlos Molina
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) is an important mediator of cAMP antiproliferative activity that acts as a putative tumor suppressor gene product. In this study, we examined the regulation of ICER protein by phosphorylation and ubiquitination in human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 and mouse pituitary AtT20 cells. We found that cAMP stabilized ICER protein by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. Activation of the MAPK pathway increased ICER phosphorylation. ICER phosphorylation was abrogated by inhibition of the MAPK pathway either by cAMP or directly by the MAPK inhibitor PD098059. The MAPKs extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 physically interact with ICER …
Acid Phosphatase Activity In Human Breast Tumors, Reginald Halaby, Jafar Abdollahi, Minerva L. Martinez
Acid Phosphatase Activity In Human Breast Tumors, Reginald Halaby, Jafar Abdollahi, Minerva L. Martinez
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We examined lysosomal participation in the degradation of tumor cells from human breast biopsies, utilizing the histochemical activity and localization of acid phosphatase (AP). Enzyme activities in benign and malignant lesions were compared. AP was faintly detected in normal mammary epithelia and was marked in malignant cells. The histochemical patterns of AP distribution in the breast tissues showed differences between normal and neoplastic cells. AP staining was more intense in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) associated with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) cases compared to when IDC was present alone. These results suggest that non-invasive breast cancers, such as DCIS, may …
Reproduction, Population Structure, And Recruitment Limitation In A Bay Scallop (Argopecten Irradians Lamarck) Population From New Jersey, Usa, Paul Bologna, A. E. Wilbur, K. W. Able
Reproduction, Population Structure, And Recruitment Limitation In A Bay Scallop (Argopecten Irradians Lamarck) Population From New Jersey, Usa, Paul Bologna, A. E. Wilbur, K. W. Able
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
A bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians (Lamarck 1819), population was studied in Little Egg Harbor, New Jersey, USA to investigate the distribution, reproduction and genetic structure of the population because virtually nothing is known about this species in this region. Argopecten irradians irradians densities varied among eelgrass (Zostera marina Lamarck) beds in 1998 (range 0.12-1.0 individuals per 10m transect), but were virtually absent from the region in 1999. The absence of adults in 1999 may have been due to limited spat recruitment and survival in the fall of 1998, which may be attributed to a reduction in above ground biomass …
Relationship Between Pea Crab (Pinnotheres Maculatus) Parasitism And Gonad Mass Of The Bay Scallop (Argopecten Irradians), Paul A.X. Bologna, Kenneth L. Heck
Relationship Between Pea Crab (Pinnotheres Maculatus) Parasitism And Gonad Mass Of The Bay Scallop (Argopecten Irradians), Paul A.X. Bologna, Kenneth L. Heck
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We investigated the prevalence of pea crabs (Pinnotheres maculatus) in bay scallops (Argopecten irradians) from 1994 through 1996 in a scallop population from St. Joseph Bay, Florida. We also assessed their impacts on scallop reproductive potential. Our results showed that prevalence in bay scallops varied between 0 and 20% and were extremely low during 1996 (< 2%). Comparing Gonadal-Somatic Indices (GSI) between infested and non-infested bay scallops in samples assessed the impact of pinnotherid parasitism. Results showed that GSI was significantly reduced in infested individuals compared to non-infested individuals of the same size range (t12 = 2.3, P < 0.04). These results suggest that P. maculatus infestation may lower the reproductive potential of individual scallops, but the low rates of parasitism may only minimally impact the host population.
Transcriptional Up-Regulation Of The Cyclin D2 Gene And Acquisition Of New Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Partners In Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1- Infected Cells, Francisco Santiago, Elizabeth Clark, Siewyen Chong, Carlos Molina, Fariba Mozafari, Renaud Mahieux, Masahiro Fujii, Nazli Azimi, Fatah Kashanchi
Transcriptional Up-Regulation Of The Cyclin D2 Gene And Acquisition Of New Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Partners In Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1- Infected Cells, Francisco Santiago, Elizabeth Clark, Siewyen Chong, Carlos Molina, Fariba Mozafari, Renaud Mahieux, Masahiro Fujii, Nazli Azimi, Fatah Kashanchi
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Tax1 is a 40-kDa phosphoprotein, predominantly localized in the nucleus of the host cell, which functions to transactivate both viral and cellular promoters. It seems likely that HTLV-1, through expression of the viral regulatory protein Tax1, provides some initial alteration in cell metabolism predisposing the development of ATL. Here, we demonstrate that HTLV-1 infection in T-cell lines and patient samples causes overexpression of an early G1 cyclin, cyclin D2. The transcriptional up-regulation of the cyclin D2 gene is due …
The 'Significant Others' Of American Kestrels: Cohabitation With Arthropods, Jeffrey P. Neubig, John Smallwood
The 'Significant Others' Of American Kestrels: Cohabitation With Arthropods, Jeffrey P. Neubig, John Smallwood
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We examined the arthropod fauna that coexists in nest boxes with American Kestrel chicks (Falco sparverius) in northwestern New Jersey. Of the seven arthropod species present, five were scavenging beetles, including carrion beetles (Silpha inaequalis), hister beetles (Atholus americanus and Phelister subrotundus), dermestid beetles (Dermestes caninus), and skin beetles (Trox foveicollis), which apparently were attracted to prey remains that accumulated in the nest boxes. Arthropod density and species richness were significantly greater for nest boxes in which kestrels bred than for unoccupied nest boxes.
Post-Conflict Behavior In Japanese Macaques At The Indianapolis Zoo: Age Of Opponents Influences Reconciliation, Scott Kight
Post-Conflict Behavior In Japanese Macaques At The Indianapolis Zoo: Age Of Opponents Influences Reconciliation, Scott Kight
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
In many primate species, opponents may affiliate soon after an agonistic encounter. This study examined how the individual characteris- tics of opponents affected post-conflict interactions in a captive group of Japan- ese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Reconciliation and selective attraction of opponents was shown to occur following agonistic encounters. The factor most strongly influencing post-conflict interactions was age. Juveniles were significantly more likely than adults to initiate reconciliation. Sex, kinship, and dominance status were not associated with contact initiation. Because juveniles were the most likely victims of aggression, juvenile reconciliatory contact initiative may reduce the threat of further aggression.
Factors Affecting Parental Investment Strategies In Male Waterbugs, Scott Kight
Factors Affecting Parental Investment Strategies In Male Waterbugs, Scott Kight
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Male giant waterbugs (Belostoma flumineum Say) brood eggs oviposited on their dorsi by conspecific females. Preliminary observations indicate that viable egg pads are sometimes discarded before hatching. Theory predicts that such behavior should occur only if costs incurred by brooding exceed benefits of hatching the egg pad. The amount of paternal investment per pad should be similar for both large and small pad sizes, but as egg pads become smaller, investment per egg increases. Thus, smaller pads should be more likely to be discarded unhatched than larger ones. Similarly, egg pads containing inviable eggs should also be more frequently …
Primary Structure Of An Endochitinase Mrna From Solanum Tuberosum, John Gaynor
Primary Structure Of An Endochitinase Mrna From Solanum Tuberosum, John Gaynor
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.