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Articles 61 - 90 of 506
Full-Text Articles in Biology
Trehalose Transporter From African Chironomid Larvae Improves Desiccation Tolerance Of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael A. Menze, Heidi Elmoazzen, Halong Vu, Martin Yarmush, Steven C. Hand, Mehmet Toner
Trehalose Transporter From African Chironomid Larvae Improves Desiccation Tolerance Of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael A. Menze, Heidi Elmoazzen, Halong Vu, Martin Yarmush, Steven C. Hand, Mehmet Toner
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Dry preservation has been explored as an energy-efficient alternative to cryopreservation, but the high sensitivity of mammalian cells to desiccation stress has been one of the major hurdles in storing cells in the desiccated state. An important strategy to reduce desiccation sensitivity involves use of the disaccharide trehalose. Trehalose is known to improve desiccation tolerance in mammalian cells when present on both sides of the cell membrane. Because trehalose is membrane impermeant the development of desiccation strategies involving this promising sugar is hindered. We explored the potential of using a high-capacity trehalose transporter (TRET1) from the African chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki[21] …
Taxonomic Revision Of True Morels (Morchella) In Canada And The United States, Michael Kuo, Damon Dewsbury, Kerry O'Donnell, M. Carter, John Moore, Stephen Renner, Jean-Marc Moncalvo, Stephen Canfield, Steven Stephenson, Andrew Methven, Thomas Volk
Taxonomic Revision Of True Morels (Morchella) In Canada And The United States, Michael Kuo, Damon Dewsbury, Kerry O'Donnell, M. Carter, John Moore, Stephen Renner, Jean-Marc Moncalvo, Stephen Canfield, Steven Stephenson, Andrew Methven, Thomas Volk
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed the existence of at least 50 species of Morchella worldwide and demonstrated a high degree of continental endemism within the genus. Here we describe 19 phylogenetic species of Morchella from North America, 14 of which are new (M. diminutiva, M. virginiana, M. esculentoides, M. prava, M. cryptica, M. frustrata, M. populiphila, M. sextelata, M. septimelata, M. capitata, M. importuna, M. snyderi, M. brunnea and M. septentrionalis). Existing species names (M. rufobrunnea, M. tomentosa, M. punctipes and M. angusticeps) are applied to four phylogenetic species, and formal description of one species (M. sp. "Mel-8") is …
Effectiveness And Utility Of Acoustic Recordings For Surveying Tropical Birds, Antonio Celis-Murillo, Jill Deppe, Michael Ward
Effectiveness And Utility Of Acoustic Recordings For Surveying Tropical Birds, Antonio Celis-Murillo, Jill Deppe, Michael Ward
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Although acoustic recordings have recently gained popularity as an alternative to point counts for surveying birds, little is known about the relative performance of the two methods for detecting tropical bird species across multiple vegetation types. During June and July 2008, we collected species detection/nondetection data to compare the performance of a quadraphonic acoustic recording system and point counts for estimating species richness and composition and detection probabilities of 15 rare, moderately common, and common tropical bird species across six structurally distinct vegetation types (coastal dune scrub, mangrove, low-stature deciduous thorn forest, early and late successional medium-stature semievergreen forest, and …
Sequencing And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Wsp Gene Of Wolbachia In Three Geographic Populations Of An Oak Gall Wasp, Andricus Mairei (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), From Hunan, South China, Xiao-Hui Yang, Dao-Hong Zhu, Zhiwei Liu, Ling Zhao
Sequencing And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Wsp Gene Of Wolbachia In Three Geographic Populations Of An Oak Gall Wasp, Andricus Mairei (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), From Hunan, South China, Xiao-Hui Yang, Dao-Hong Zhu, Zhiwei Liu, Ling Zhao
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
To understand the effects of Wolbachia in Andricus mairei Kieffer , an oak gall wasp ( Cynipini, Cynipidae) that forms clusters of up to 30 monothalamous galls in the catkins of Quercus glandulifera var. brevipetiolata Nakai, we examined the presence and infection frequency of Wolbachia in three widely separated geographic populations of A. mairei in Hunan Province, South China, using polymerase chain reaction and sequence determination of the wsp gene of Wolbachia from the three populations. Our survey results showed that Wolbachia infection rates were unusually high in the three test populations : 100% for the male wasps from all …
Size Assortment In Mixed-Species Groups Of Juvenile-Phase Striped Parrotfish (Scarus Iserti) In The Bahamas, Paul Switzer, Daniel Quinn
Size Assortment In Mixed-Species Groups Of Juvenile-Phase Striped Parrotfish (Scarus Iserti) In The Bahamas, Paul Switzer, Daniel Quinn
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Striped parrotfish (Scarus iserti) often form heterospecific groups with other reef fishes. In this study, we examined the species and body size composition of these groups on reefs in The Bahamas. Groups averaged approximately 4 S. iserti and 2 associated species, with surgeonfish (Acanthurus chirurgus and A. bahianus), slippery dick (Halichoeres bivittatus), and bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum) as the most common associates. Fewer groups than expected had only 1 associate; groups with 3 or more associates were more common than expected. Both the S. iserti and associated species tended to be closely sizematched within a group, perhaps due to benefits …
Isolation And Characterization Of Galactinol Synthases From Hybrid Poplar, Faride Unda, Thomas Canam, Lindsay Preston, Shawn D. Mansfield
Isolation And Characterization Of Galactinol Synthases From Hybrid Poplar, Faride Unda, Thomas Canam, Lindsay Preston, Shawn D. Mansfield
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
The raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) serve as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, storage compounds in sink tissues, and putative biological agents to combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species. To investigate further the functional roles of this class of compounds in trees, two cDNAs encoding galactinol synthase (GolS, EC 2.4.1.123), which catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of RFOs, were identified and cloned from hybrid poplar (Populus alba3grandidentata). Phylogenetic analyses of the Populus GolS isoforms with other known GolS proteins suggested a putative role for these enzymes during biotic or abiotic stress in hybrid poplar. …
Effectiveness And Utility Of Acoustic Recordings For Surveying Tropical Birds, Antonio Celis-Murillo, Jill L. Deppe, Michael P. Ward
Effectiveness And Utility Of Acoustic Recordings For Surveying Tropical Birds, Antonio Celis-Murillo, Jill L. Deppe, Michael P. Ward
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Although acoustic recordings have recently gained popularity as an alternative to point counts for surveying birds, little is known about the relative performance of the two methods for detecting tropical bird species across multiple vegetation types. During June and July 2008, we collected species detection/nondetection data to compare the performance of a quadraphonic acoustic recording system and point counts for estimating species richness and composition and detection probabilities of 15 rare, moderately common, and common tropical bird species across six structurally distinct vegetation types (coastal dune scrub, mangrove, low-stature deciduous thorn forest, early and late successional medium-stature semievergreen forest, and …
The Swimming Behavior Of The Aquatic Larva Of Neoneuromus Ignobilis (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Corydalinae)., Cheng-Quan Cao, Zhiwei Liu, Shen-Zhi Chen, Chao Tong
The Swimming Behavior Of The Aquatic Larva Of Neoneuromus Ignobilis (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Corydalinae)., Cheng-Quan Cao, Zhiwei Liu, Shen-Zhi Chen, Chao Tong
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
In order to explore the pattern and significance of swimming, through photos and videos we observed and recorded the swimming behavior of the aquatic larvae of Megaloptera in detail for the first time using the endemic Chinese species Neoneuromus ignobilis Navas, 1932 as the test insect, which were collected from the Dadu River and reared in nature-simulated environments. Four swimming postures are recognized and described herein in detail, i. e., vertical, parallel, back and side swimming, and these postures were used by the larvae disproportionately, with a frequency of 89.08%, 5. 49%, 4. 40% and 0. 61% , respectively. The …
The Swimming Behavior Of The Aquatic Larva Of Neoneuromus Ignobilis (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Corydalinae)., Cheng-Quan Cao, Zhiwei Liu, Shen-Zhi Chen, Chao Tong
The Swimming Behavior Of The Aquatic Larva Of Neoneuromus Ignobilis (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Corydalinae)., Cheng-Quan Cao, Zhiwei Liu, Shen-Zhi Chen, Chao Tong
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
In order to explore the pattern and significance of swimming, through photos and videos we observed and recorded the swimming behavior of the aquatic larvae of Megaloptera in detail for the first time using the endemic Chinese species Neoneuromus ignobilis Navas, 1932 as the test insect, which were collected from the Dadu River and reared in nature-simulated environments. Four swimming postures are recognized and described herein in detail, i. e., vertical, parallel, back and side swimming, and these postures were used by the larvae disproportionately, with a frequency of 89.08%, 5. 49%, 4. 40% and 0. 61% , respectively. The …
Sequencing And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Wsp Gene Of Wolbachia In Three Geographic Populations Of An Oak Gall Wasp, Andricus Mairei (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), From Hunan, South China, Xiao-Hui Yang, Dao-Hong Zhu, Zhiwei Liu, Ling Zhao
Sequencing And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Wsp Gene Of Wolbachia In Three Geographic Populations Of An Oak Gall Wasp, Andricus Mairei (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), From Hunan, South China, Xiao-Hui Yang, Dao-Hong Zhu, Zhiwei Liu, Ling Zhao
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
To understand the effects of Wolbachia in Andricus mairei Kieffer , an oak gall wasp ( Cynipini, Cynipidae) that forms clusters of up to 30 monothalamous galls in the catkins of Quercus glandulifera var. brevipetiolata Nakai, we examined the presence and infection frequency of Wolbachia in three widely separated geographic populations of A. mairei in Hunan Province, South China, using polymerase chain reaction and sequence determination of the wsp gene of Wolbachia from the three populations. Our survey results showed that Wolbachia infection rates were unusually high in the three test populations : 100% for the male wasps from all …
Seed Biology Of Physaria Ludoviciana (Silvery Bladderpod; Brassicaceae ), An Endangered Species In Sand Prairies Of The Midwest, Marissa C. Grant, Ann E. Claerbout, Janice M. Coons, Henry R. Owen
Seed Biology Of Physaria Ludoviciana (Silvery Bladderpod; Brassicaceae ), An Endangered Species In Sand Prairies Of The Midwest, Marissa C. Grant, Ann E. Claerbout, Janice M. Coons, Henry R. Owen
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Physaria ludoviciana (Nuttal) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz (silvery bladderpod) is a state endangered species in Illinois, Minnesota and Wisconsin, the eastern edge of its range. Our goal was to investigate its seed biology (production, dispersal, seed bank longevity, afterripening, seed longevity after storage using germination and emergence, and seedling establishment). This information will be useful for conservation efforts of this endangered species. Over a ten-year period, various seed biology parameters were measured. Infructescences were counted to estimate seed production with 110–744 seeds per reproductive plant. Soil samples were collected at various distances to estimate dispersal where seeds dispersed less than a …
Isolation And Characterization Of Galactinol Synthases From Hybrid Poplar, Faride Unda, Thomas Canam, Lindsay Preston, Shawn Mansfield
Isolation And Characterization Of Galactinol Synthases From Hybrid Poplar, Faride Unda, Thomas Canam, Lindsay Preston, Shawn Mansfield
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
The raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) serve as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, storage compounds in sink tissues, and putative biological agents to combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species. To investigate further the functional roles of this class of compounds in trees, two cDNAs encoding galactinol synthase (GolS, EC 2.4.1.123), which catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of RFOs, were identified and cloned from hybrid poplar (Populus alba3grandidentata). Phylogenetic analyses of the Populus GolS isoforms with other known GolS proteins suggested a putative role for these enzymes during biotic or abiotic stress in hybrid poplar. …
Seed Biology Of Physaria Ludoviciana (Silvery Bladderpod; Brassicaceae ), An Endangered Species In Sand Prairies Of The Midwest, Marissa Grant, Ann Claerbout, Janice Coons, Henry Owen
Seed Biology Of Physaria Ludoviciana (Silvery Bladderpod; Brassicaceae ), An Endangered Species In Sand Prairies Of The Midwest, Marissa Grant, Ann Claerbout, Janice Coons, Henry Owen
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Physaria ludoviciana (Nuttal) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz (silvery bladderpod) is a state endangered species in Illinois, Minnesota and Wisconsin, the eastern edge of its range. Our goal was to investigate its seed biology (production, dispersal, seed bank longevity, afterripening, seed longevity after storage using germination and emergence, and seedling establishment). This information will be useful for conservation efforts of this endangered species. Over a ten-year period, various seed biology parameters were measured. Infructescences were counted to estimate seed production with 110–744 seeds per reproductive plant. Soil samples were collected at various distances to estimate dispersal where seeds dispersed less than a …
Size Assortment In Mixed-Species Groups Of Juvenile-Phase Striped Parrotfish (Scarus Iserti) In The Bahamas, Paul Switzer, Daniel Quinn
Size Assortment In Mixed-Species Groups Of Juvenile-Phase Striped Parrotfish (Scarus Iserti) In The Bahamas, Paul Switzer, Daniel Quinn
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Striped parrotfish (Scarus iserti) often form heterospecific groups with other reef fishes. In this study, we examined the species and body size composition of these groups on reefs in The Bahamas. Groups averaged approximately 4 S. iserti and 2 associated species, with surgeonfish (Acanthurus chirurgus and A. bahianus), slippery dick (Halichoeres bivittatus), and bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum) as the most common associates. Fewer groups than expected had only 1 associate; groups with 3 or more associates were more common than expected. Both the S. iserti and associated species tended to be closely sizematched within a group, perhaps due to benefits …
Demographics And Seasonal Abundance Of Sportfish In Three Thermal Habitats Of Coffeen Lake, Anthony Paul Porreca
Demographics And Seasonal Abundance Of Sportfish In Three Thermal Habitats Of Coffeen Lake, Anthony Paul Porreca
Masters Theses
Power generating facilities across Illinois provide electricity to residents of the state, while at the same time offering desirable open water fishing lakes that can be used by anglers during the winter season when other reservoirs are not accessible. Coffeen Lake represents one of the best power cooling fisheries in the state and boasts both excellent largemouth bass and channel catfish populations. The reservoir supplies water to a power station with a generating capacity of 945 megawatts of electricity, with 73% of the surface water affected by heated discharge and a cooling loop covering 4.1 miles. Sampling sport fish species …
Population Demographics Of White Crappie In Three Illinois Reservoirs, Candice Marie Miller
Population Demographics Of White Crappie In Three Illinois Reservoirs, Candice Marie Miller
Masters Theses
Crappie provide important sport-fisheries throughout the United States. Because of the propensity of this species to display growth stunting, an assessment of crappie population demographics is needed in Midwestern reservoirs. I assessed the population demographics of white crappie, Pomoxis annularis, in three Illinois reservoirs. Samples were collected by three-phase AC boat electrofishing. All crappie were weighed, measured, and the otolith and scale samples were removed for age estimation. Relative density, as measured by catch per unit of effort (CPUE; fish/hour), was different at Lake Mattoon (0.53±0.15), Lake Charleston Side Channel Reservoir (1.17±0.15), and Paradise Lake (1.04±0.18). Size structure of white …
Feeding Behavior Of Nestling Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia Sialis) In East-Central Illinois, Amanda Lamb
Feeding Behavior Of Nestling Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia Sialis) In East-Central Illinois, Amanda Lamb
Masters Theses
I observed feeding of nestlings in Eastern Bluebirds in nest boxes in east-central Illinois. Provisioning rate of males and females were compared and early observation periods (younger nestlings) were compared with late observation periods (older nestlings). I also compared the average food size brought to the nestlings by males and females and during early and late observations. No significant differences were found between average food sizes throughout the study. In addition, food size was not significantly correlated with mean nestling weights within a brood. However, males had significantly fewer confirmed feedings than females for the last observation period. In addition, …
Linking The Colonization Rate Of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (Vam) To Species Dynamics In Succession, Jie Luo
Masters Theses
Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (YAM) are the most common mycorrhizal fungi that form symbiotic associations with plant species. They form hyphae, vesicles and arbuscules which expand root surface area and exchange nutrients within root cells. Greater abundance of YAM can result in more nutrient uptake and disease resistance to the host plant. While mycorrhizae are often important to the growth and reproduction of individual species, their role in regulating plant community dynamics is less clear. Previous research has shown that YAM are tightly related to plant traits such as relative growth rate, foliar N and P concentrations, and responses to soil …
Effect Of Reservoir Discharge And Sanitary Effluent On An Urban Stream, Daniel Hiatt
Effect Of Reservoir Discharge And Sanitary Effluent On An Urban Stream, Daniel Hiatt
Masters Theses
Eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems may occur from several sources, primarily from anthropogenic inputs. Excess nutrient deposition can result in eutrophication and community compositional shifts in organisms located in impacted ecosystems. In the Sangamon River located outside Decatur, IL, discharge from the local reservoir, which receives inputs from both a city landscape and agricultural landscape and a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). These may result in a large influx of nutrients into this system. Increased nutrient levels have the potential to shift benthic periphyton, and macroinvertebrate communities and cause extinction of low tolerance native species. To examine the impacts of inputs for …
Whatchu Breathin'?: Sick Building Syndrome And Seasonal Occurrence Of Fungi, Jessica Stapleton
Whatchu Breathin'?: Sick Building Syndrome And Seasonal Occurrence Of Fungi, Jessica Stapleton
Masters Theses
This study was designed to evaluate the presence of sick building syndrome in a classroom at Unity High School (Mendon, Illinois) and contrast differences in the number of fungal spores per cubic meter of air in different rooms in the building and between seasons. Air and surface samples were taken to analyze the number of fungal spores per cubic meter and to evaluate generic fungal diversity. Factors influencing the number of fungal spores per cubic meter and genera of fungal isolates were year-round temperature control in the classroom and the presence or absence of students. Some of the fungi isolated …
Bioavailability, Bioaccumulation, And Trophic Transfer Of Trace Metals In The Tims Branch-Steed Pond Tributary, Paul Gethyn Edwards
Bioavailability, Bioaccumulation, And Trophic Transfer Of Trace Metals In The Tims Branch-Steed Pond Tributary, Paul Gethyn Edwards
Masters Theses
The Department of Energy's (DOE) Savannah River Site (SRS) is a 777 km2 former nuclear weapon material production and current research facility located along the Savannah River in west-central South Carolina. In 1954, direct environmental discharges were released from "M-Area", a fuel and aluminum-clad Uranium (U) nuclear reactor target manufacturing facility through a drainage ditch into the Tims Branch-Steed Pond water system. The wastewater discharges released into Tims Branch contained large volumes of inorganic wastes including depleted and natural U, aluminum (Al), and Nickel (Ni) along with smaller quantities of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and …
Egg Recognition And Cowbird Egg Ejection Behavior In The American Robin (Turdus Migratorius), Allison Karlien Lang
Egg Recognition And Cowbird Egg Ejection Behavior In The American Robin (Turdus Migratorius), Allison Karlien Lang
Masters Theses
American Robins (Turdus migratorius) typically eject parasitic cowbird eggs from their nests. In order to successfully remove parasitic eggs, robins must first be able to differentiate between their own and foreign eggs and then remove the unwanted egg(s). This study addressed these behaviors. A robin's ability to recognize its own eggs was tested by adding artificial cowbird eggs to robin nests at various parasite-tohost egg ratios which created three treatments: (1) a majority of robin eggs in the nest, (2) an equal number of robin and cowbird eggs, and (3) a majority of cowbird eggs. At 89% of nests (51 …
Comparison Of Silver Carp Population Demographics In An Impounded And A Free Flowing River, Jason G. Stuck
Comparison Of Silver Carp Population Demographics In An Impounded And A Free Flowing River, Jason G. Stuck
Masters Theses
The silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, is an invasive species that has received increased attention due to the proximity of the population in the Illinois River to the economically important Great Lakes and the species ability to dominate the aquatic biomass of an ecosystem. We sought to assess the population demographics of silver carp on two different river ecosystems, the Illinois River and Wabash River. The Illinois River is channelized and dammed for commercial barges, whereas the Wabash River is the longest free flowing river east of the Mississippi River and is still connected to its natural flood plain. Silver carp …
Teaching Ethnobotany In China, Gordon C. Tucker
Teaching Ethnobotany In China, Gordon C. Tucker
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
China has a rich and well documented tradition and diverse usage of plants. China provides examples of the incorporation of plant derived drugs in medicine. The diverse usage of plants is also reflected in the many kinds of Chinese food that are consumed by people of various nations around the world. China is one of the "cradles" of agriculture, the birth place of the cultivation of many important crops, including rice, millet, soybeans, and water chestnuts, and is the only undisrupted major ancient civilization in the world. Some plants find use in almost every aspect of Chinese life, such as …
Cryopreservation Of Spin-Dried Mammalian Cells, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael A. Menze, Jason Malsam, Alptekin Aksan, Steven C. Hand, Mehmet Toner
Cryopreservation Of Spin-Dried Mammalian Cells, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael A. Menze, Jason Malsam, Alptekin Aksan, Steven C. Hand, Mehmet Toner
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
This study reports an alternative approach to achieve vitrification where cells are pre-desiccated prior to cooling to cryogenic temperatures for storage. Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells suspended in a trehalose solution were rapidly and uniformly desiccated to a low moisture content (<0.12 g of water per g of dry weight) using a spin-drying technique. Trehalose was also introduced into the cells using a high-capacity trehalose transporter (TRET1). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to examine the uniformity of water concentration distribution in the spin-dried samples. 62% of the cells were shown to survive spin-drying in the presence of trehalose following immediate rehydration. The spin-dried samples were stored in liquid nitrogen (LN2) at a vitrified state. It was shown that following re-warming to room temperature and re-hydration with a fully complemented cell culture medium, 51% of the spin-dried and vitrified cells survived and demonstrated normal growth characteristics. Spin-drying is a novel strategy that can be used to improve cryopreservation outcome by promoting rapid vitrification.
Domain And Propositions Of Succession Theory, Steward Pickett, Scott Meiners, Mary Cadenasso
Domain And Propositions Of Succession Theory, Steward Pickett, Scott Meiners, Mary Cadenasso
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Succession is perhaps the oldest of ecological concepts, having arisen when ecology was emerging as a self-conscious discipline (Mcintosh 1985). Yet it continues to address many fundamental issues in ecology, to support important applications, and to synthesize the insights and perspectives of other theories. Thus, it fulfills two functions key in assessing the utility of a contemporary ecological theory. First, it exhibits the attributes of a mature, welldeveloped, and intensively tested theory (Glenn-Lewin et al. 1992; Pickett and Cadenasso 2005). Second, it provides a linkage among theories and applications that have usually been considered separately (Walker et al. 2007). For …
Lea Proteins During Water Stress: Not Just For Plants Anymore, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze, Mehmet Toner, Leaf Boswell, Daniel Moore
Lea Proteins During Water Stress: Not Just For Plants Anymore, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze, Mehmet Toner, Leaf Boswell, Daniel Moore
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are extremely hydrophilic proteins that were first identified in land plants. Intracellular accumulation is tightly correlated with acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and data support their capacity to stabilize other proteins and membranes during drying, especially in the presence of sugars like trehalose. Exciting reports now show LEA proteins are not restricted to plants; multiple forms are expressed in desiccation-tolerant animals from at least four phyla. We evaluate here the expression, subcellular localization, biochemical properties and potential functions of LEA proteins in animal species during water stress. LEA proteins are intrinsically unstructured in aqueous solution, but …
Quantitative Analysis Of Lignocellulosic Components Of Non-Treated And Steam Exploded Barley, Canola, Oat And Wheat Straw Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, P. K. Adapa, L. G. Schonenau, Thomas Canam, T. Dumonceaux
Quantitative Analysis Of Lignocellulosic Components Of Non-Treated And Steam Exploded Barley, Canola, Oat And Wheat Straw Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, P. K. Adapa, L. G. Schonenau, Thomas Canam, T. Dumonceaux
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Rapid and cost effective quantification of lignocellulosic components (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) of agricultural biomass (barley, canola, oat and wheat) is essential to determine the effect of various pre-treatments (such as steam explosion) on biomass used as feedstock for the biofuel industry. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was considered as an option to achieve this objective. Regression equations having R2 values of 0.89, 0.99 and 0.98 were developed to predict the cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin compounds of biomass, respectively. The average absolute difference in predicted and measured cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in agricultural biomass was 7.5%, 2.5%, and 3.8%, respectively.
Quantitative Analysis Of Lignocellulosic Components Of Non-Treated And Steam Exploded Barley, Canola, Oat And Wheat Straw Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, P. Adapa, L. Schonenau, Thomas Canam, T. Dumonceaux
Quantitative Analysis Of Lignocellulosic Components Of Non-Treated And Steam Exploded Barley, Canola, Oat And Wheat Straw Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, P. Adapa, L. Schonenau, Thomas Canam, T. Dumonceaux
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Rapid and cost effective quantification of lignocellulosic components (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) of agricultural biomass (barley, canola, oat and wheat) is essential to determine the effect of various pre-treatments (such as steam explosion) on biomass used as feedstock for the biofuel industry. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was considered as an option to achieve this objective. Regression equations having R2 values of 0.89, 0.99 and 0.98 were developed to predict the cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin compounds of biomass, respectively. The average absolute difference in predicted and measured cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in agricultural biomass was 7.5%, 2.5%, and 3.8%, respectively.
Fagus Grandifolia, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside
Fagus Grandifolia, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside
Plants by Genus Species
American beech has a broad native range across eastern North America from northern Florida, north to Maine and Nova Scotia, west to Michigan and eastern Wisconsin, south along the southeastern border of Illinois and Missouri and into southern Arkansas, southeastern Texas, and Louisiana across the Gulf of Mexico states all forming a perimeter wherein it is distributed (Burns 1990).