Biology Commons^™

The Ecology Of The Mottled Sculpin, Cottus Bairdii, In The Clearwater River, Beltrami County, Minnesota, Mark A. Hanson

Biology Graduate Theses

No abstract provided.

The Voluntary Water Quality Monitoring Program : 1982 Project Report, Barbara Welch, Judy Potvin, Mary Ellen Dennis

Maine Collection

The Voluntary Water Quality Monitoring Program : 1982 Project Report

by Barbara Welch, Judy Potvin & Mary Ellen Dennis

Division of Environmental Evaluation and Lake Studies, Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, Maine 1982.

Contents: Understanding Maine's Lakes and Ponds / Acknowledgement / Temperature / Dissolved Oxygen / Other Measures of Lake Water Quality / Nutrients / Algae and Chlorophyll a / Transparency / Morphometry / Sampling / Protection / Classification / Answers to Most Frequently Asked Questions / Glossary of Terms / Appendix A : Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Values / Appendix B : Phosphate Content of Common Cleansers …

Effect Of Simulated Tidal Patterns On Growth And Growth Line Formation In The Little Neck Clam, Protothaca Staminea, Orlando Irsula

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Growth lines in bivalve mollusks have been thought to reflect solar days, circadian rhythms and/or tides. Tides seem to be the dominating influence in some intertidal species. This study provides laboratory evidence suggesting that tides are a major influence in the number of growth lines in the clam Protothaca staminea.

Clams were grown under 4 different "tidal" regimes, (0, 1, 2 and 3 tides per day) for forty-one days. Acetate peels of shell cross sections were used for growth line counting. Photomicrographs and measurements showed a striking difference in the growth and number of growth lines between the 4 tidal …

Geochemical And Biogeochemical Interactions In A Hot Spring, William Delis Knox

Dissertations and Theses

Southeast Harney Lake Hot Spring and its effluent channel were examined for spatial and temporal variations in the concentrations of several chemical species, viz. dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, phosphate-phosphorous, nitrate and nitrite-nitrogen, conductivity, chloride, flouride, temperature, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium. Phosphate-phosphorous and nitrate-nitrogen both exhibited downstream increases in concentration. pH and alkalinity increased also, mainly due to CO₂ evolution and temperature mediated carbon species redistribution. The diurnal pH and alkalinity curves exhibited depressions during the daylight hours due to the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate within the pool and effluent stream.

Influence Of Las Vegas Wash Density Current On Nutrient Availability And Phytoplankton Growth In Lake Mead, John R. Baker, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

Density currents are commonly formed in reservoirs because of temperature or salinity induced density differences between inflowing and receiving waters. Anderson and Pritchard (1951) were among the first to demonstrate this in their investigations of density currents in Lake Mead. They found that the Colorado River formed an underflow in Lake Mead during the winter, an overflow in the spring and an interflow in the summer and fall. Wunderlich and Elder (1973) have since described the hydromechanics of these types of flow patterns, and density currents have been reported for several other large reservoirs (Carmack et al. 1979, Johnson and …

Botanical And Ecological Aspects Of Coastal Raised Peatlands In Maine : And Their Relevance To The Critical Areas Program Of The State Planning Office, Ian A. Worley

Maine Collection

Botanical and Ecological Aspects of Coastal Raised Peatlands in Maine : and Their Relevance to the Critical Areas Program of the State Planning Office.

by Ian A. Worley

A Report Prepared for the Maine Critical Areas Program, State Planning Office, 184 State Street, Augusta, Maine 04333.

Planning Report No. 69 (January 1980)

Contents: Foreword / Abstract / Table of Contents / List of Figures / List of Tables / Acknowledgements / Introduction / Natural History and Ecology of the Coastal Raised Peatlands / Selection of Coastal Peatlands Recommended for Evaluation by the Critical Areas Program / General Evaluation of Coastal …

A Limnological Study Of 43 Selected Maine Lakes, Derrill J. Cowing, Matthew Scott

Maine Collection

A Limnological Study of 43 Selected Maine Lakes

by Derrill J. Cowing and Matthew Scott

U.S. Geological Survey : Water-Resources Investigations 80-69

Prepared in cooperation with the Maine Department of Environmental Protection

U.S. Geological Survey, 26 Ganneston Drive, August, Maine 04330

Distributional Ecology Of Vegetation In The Vernal Pools Of The Santa Rosa Plateau, California, John A. Rosario

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Interpool distribution studies of 10 vernal pools on the Santa Rosa Plateau found area to be the best single predictor of species richness in each type of regression model evaluated. Area predicted most accurately in a mixed linear-curvilinear regression model (y = a + b log x). Area appeared to reflect ecologic diversity, because multiple linear regression models provided better predictions of species richness using combinations of physical characteristics which excluded area from the regression equation. In addition, species turnover was demonstrated in a single vernal pool that was evaluated.

Intrapool distribution was studied along a soil moisture/microtopographic gradient in …

An Analysis Of The Heavy Metal Content Of The Scales Of Several Fishes In Southwestern Kentucky, Thomas Dahl

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Scales of the stoneroller, Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque), common shiner, Notropus cornutus (Mitchill), and the bluntnose minnow, Pimephales notatus (Rafinesque) were analyzed by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine levels of cadmium, calcium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel and zinc. Metal concentrations were determined seasonally and relationship established between scale metal content and environmental water metal levels.

Calcium, iron manganese and zinc were found in all samples analyzed. Cadmium, copper, lead and nickel were not observed in measurable quantities.

Metal concentrations varied interspecifically, but most showed little fluctuation in response to increased metal content of the water. Elemental composition of …

Limnological Aspects Of Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, John R. Baker, James E. Deacon, Thomas A. Burke, Samuel S. Egdorf, Larry J. Paulson, Richard W. Tew, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Lake Mead is a deep, subtropical, moderately productive, desert impoundment with a negative heterograde oxygen profile occurring during; the summer stratification. investigations of the Boulder Basin of Lake Mead by the University of Nevada were initiated in November 1971. The primary objective of the study was to determine what effects industrial and sewage effluent from the Las Vegas metropolitan area, discharged into Las Vegas Bay, have had on the water quality and limnological conditions of Boulder Basin. Data from the 1975-76 period are presented in detail, with earlier data included in the summaries and discussions. Measurements of water temperature, dissolved …

The Limnetic Zooplankton Community Of Boulder Basin, Lake Mead In Relation To The Metalimnetic Oxygen Minimum, Thomas A. Burke

Publications (WR)

The limnetic zooplankton community of Boulder Basin, Lake Mead, was examined to determine the role of this community in the development of a metalimnetic oxygen minimum which regularly occurs in the lake. Analysis of the community from May 1975 to April 1976 revealed that zooplankton maintain high populations within the metalimnion during summer stratification. The species composition of the community changes noticeably during the summer, but due to advanced stages excysting from resting forms, a complete assemblage of individuals are found throughout the 74 day period studied. Thermal stratification was weak, covering a 30 meter metalimnion. Eddy currents powered by …

The Nature And Distribution Of Enteric Bacteria In Las Vegas Bay, Samuel S. Egdorf

Publications (WR)

The distribution of water and of enteric bacteria of possible fecal origin into Las Vegas Bay from Las Vegas Wash was determined. Determination of distribution patterns was attained by applying the concept of the population component ratio of enteric bacteria. The development and application of new techniques and methods implicit in the application of the "component ratio" concept are discussed. The unreliability of thoroughly referenced techniques and methods generally accepted as standard are treated in detail. Physical factors affecting the distribution and deposition of enteric bacteria (including those of special public health importance) in Las Vegas Bay are also discussed.

Anatomical Observations On Floating Leaves, Robert B. Kaul

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

An examination of 24 genera of aquatic plants having floating leaves and leaf-like thalli has been made. Functional stomata occur on the adaxial sides of floating leaves of angiosperms and some ferns, and in some floating leaves there are stomata on the abaxial surface as well. Most floating leaves have prominently chambered mesophyll, and in some instances the chambers are locally enlarged and form buoys.

Biological Inventory Of The Southern Nevada Water Project, Second Stage, W. Glen Bradley, J. Scott Miller

Publications (WR)

The present report is a biological inventory of the Southern Nevada Water Project, Second Stage. The boundaries of the project encompass sections of North Las Vegas, Las Vegas, East Las Vegas and areas along Las Vegas Wash extending to its drainage point in Las Vegas Bay in Lake Mead. Therefore, it encompasses a wide array of ecological situations and landscapes ranging from essentially natural to various stages of urban development.

This biological inventory presents basic ecological classifications, descriptions of vegetation, lists of vascular plants and vertebrates known to occur in the area. Each major group, i.e., plants, fish, amphibians, reptiles, …

The Distribution Of The Deer Mouse, Peromyscus Maniculatus, On The Oregon Side Of The Columbia River Gorge, Ronald P. Neilson

Dissertations and Theses

A study of the biogeography of Peromyscus maniculatus was undertaken in order to ascertain a few of the environmental parameters important in defining the distribution of this species and how the species in turn has adapted to these parameters. The Columbia Gorge was chosen as it presents a climatic gradient from maritime to continental with very little elevation gain. Changes along this gradient in topography, soils and vegetation community structure are discussed.

Seasonal And Spatial Variation In Primary Productivity In Boulder Basin, Lake Mead, Clark County, Nevada, Isamu Aoki

Publications (WR)

The ¹⁴C light and dark bottle technique for measurement of primary production was utilized as a means of assessing the amount of inorganic carbon being converted Into organic form by the photosynthesis of phytoplankton populations In the Boulder Basin of Lake Mead.

Spatial and time series changes of productivity levels observed at eight sampling locations within Boulder Basin Indicate that the Influence of treated municipal arts' industrial effluent flowing into Les Vegas Bay is contributing high levels of available nutrients at Las Vegas Wash Inlet to cause productivity to approximate those levels associated with polluted waters.

Productivity levels at …

Bulletin No. 20: Tidal Marsh Invertebrates Of Connecticut, Nancy C. Olmstead, Paul E. Fell

Bulletins

36 pp. 1974. Descriptions and illustrations of over 40 species of mollusks, crustaceans, arachnids and insects found on our tidal marshes.

A Diurnal Zooplankton Migration Study In Lake Mead, Robert D. Staker

Publications (WR)

The diurnal vertical movement of zooplankton was first recorded in freshwater lakes by Weismann (1877) in Lake Constance (Bodensee), although Cuvier was credited with observing the migration of Daphniae in 1817 (Gushing, 1955). The migration is best observed in deep oligotrophic lakes and migrations of 50 m per day are described (Worthington, 1931). In addition, two species of chaetognaths are reported to migrate 400 m a day in marine waters off of Lisbon (Waterman and Berry, 1967) while Birge (1895) found little evidence of the phenomenon at all in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin. Most zooplankton that migrate rise at night and …

A Comparison Of Two Artificial Substrates In The Determination Of Net Primary Production, Leland C. Faulconer

All Master's Theses

This study was to determine if a significant difference exists between two types of artificial substrates used to measure the growth rate of periphyton in a warm spring. Chlorophyll was used as an indirect measure of biomass in comparing the substrates and estimating net primary production. A semi-quantitative algal survey was done for each of the sites sampled.

The study was carried out for one year and it was demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference between the two substrates.

Ecology Of Central Washington Semi-Arid Lands A Documentary Film, Phillip Robert Debusschere

All Master's Theses

Contrasting vegetation patterns on the west side versus the east side of Washington's Cascade Mountains, due primarily to precipitation distribution, are documented on 16mm sound color film with primary emphasis upon the driest vegetation zone of eastern Washington. Interrelationships of climate, soils, vegetation patterns and animal life are shown for climax types of vegetation and those areas since altered to new habitats due to cultivation, water impoundment, fire and grazing. Emphasis is upon the importance of baseline studies of these semi-arid land habitats.

A Comparison Of Vegetation Structure And Composition In Modified And Natural Chaparral, John A. Rosario

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Type conversion of a 12 acre plot of chamise chaparral to grassland in the Mud Flat region of the San Bernardino National Forest, San Gorgonio District, California, was completed in 1967.

The conversion was accomplished following standard type conversion techniques for chaparral in California and included retention of a mosaic pattern of islands of the original chaparral for the purpose of improving scenic quality and maximizing edge effect. The islands constituted approximately 9 per cent of the total 12 acres and averaged 3800 square feet per island with an average distance measurement between islands of 96 feet.

Brush removal by …

Inventory Of Lake Studies In Maine, Charles F. Wallace Jr., James M. Strunk

Maine Collection

Inventory of Lake Studies in Maine

By Charles F. Wallace, Jr. and James M. Strunk

State Planning Office, Water Resources Planning Division, July 1973.

"Printed under Appropriation Number 4248.5 and financially assisted by planning grants from the United States Water Resources Council Title III funds."

Contents: Introduction / Investigating Agencies / Federal Agencies / State Agencies / Regional Planning Commissions and Economic Development Districts / Maine Colleges and Universities / Private / Other Private / Other / Appendices

A Limnological Study Of Shadow Lake, A Subalpine Lake At Mount Rainer National Park, Washington, Timothy J. Hall

All Master's Theses

This paper presents a general limnological survey of a subalpine lake ecosystem. Physical, chemical and biological parameters were considered. Chemical and physical factors were dominated by the influence of snow-ice cover and high amounts of solar radiation. Abiotic factors result in a small phytoplankton standing crop and limitation of activity by photosynthetic organisms to the short summer season. Zooplankton and benthic communities are simplified in species composition and population size in response to the small primary producer population.

The Effects Of Channelization And Water Impoundment On The Macroinvertebrates In The Weber River, Summit County, Utah, Parley V. Winger

Theses and Dissertations

Macroinvertebrate populations in the Weber River, Summit County, Utah, were analyzed to determine what effects channelization resulting from Interstate-80 construction and water impoundment had on the standing crop, species diversity and species composition. Bottom samples were collected monthly from riffle areas in channeled and unchanneled sections and above Echo and Wanship Reservoirs. Macroinvertebrate populations in the channeled areas were similar in standing crop, species diversity and species composition to those in unchanged areas within six months following channelization. Species diversities were higher (d=4.1, 3.7) above the reservoirs than below (d=2.0). The reservoirs restricted the distribution of several species of macroinvertebrates. …

Spatial Distribution & Temporal Occurrence Of Rotifers In The Main Pool & Tailwater Of Barren Lake, Kentucky, David Abel

Biology Graduate Theses

A study of the spatial distribution and temporal occurrence and diversity of rotifers in relation to certain chemicophysical parameters was conducted in Barren Lake, Kentucky, a flood control lake, from January, 1970, through January, 1970. Paired samples were collected from six depths in the main pool area of the reservoir and from an automatic plankton sampler installed in the tailwater area where, from April through September, the effluent was derived from the upper 3 m of the pool . Diel studies were conducted in April, July, 1970, and January, 1971.

Barren Lake began to stratify in late April, was completely …

Phytoplankton Composition At Lake Drummond In The Dismal Swamp, Virginia, William Howard Poore Jr.

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Abstract unavailable.

A Conceptual Draft Of A Dynamic Hydro-Biological Model For Lake Mead, L. G. Everett, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

Food and energy transformation in an aquatic system must be understood in order to develop a simulation approach. This report provides a comprehensive study of an aquatic ecosystem. The objectives of this report are to show: (1) the biological relationships in an aquatic system (2) the role of nutrients in the biological cycle (3) the role of abiotic factors in a limnetic environment (4) the status of the art of "Eutrophication modeling".

The Effect Of Las Vegas Wash Effluent Upon The Water Quality In Lake Mead, D. A. Hoffman, P. R. Tramutt, F. C. Heller, Bureau Of Reclamation

Publications (WR)

This study developed from observations made during an earlier study on Lake Mead which was reported in CHE-70, Water Quality Study of Lake Mead. Results from that study indicated that poor-quality water was flowing into the Las Vegas Bay reach of Boulder Basin, Lake Mead. Also reports of deteriorating water quality, resulting in taste and odors in domestic water supplies taken from Boulder Basin as well as a reduction in the attractiveness of Las Vegas Bay for recreational uses caused by aquatic plants and algae blooms, indicated a need for a concentrated study concerning the effects of flows from Las …

Food Habits Of Dicamptodon Ensatus And Associated Fish Species Of Maratta Creek, Washington, Authur L. Antonelli

All Master's Theses

Three cold-blooded vertebrates, Dicamptodon ensatus, Cottus tenuis, and Salmo gairdneri were investigated as to food habits for a period of one year. The existence of competition between these animals for food was determined by means of stomach analysis. The results were compared relative to each vertebrate and the bottom fauna procurred from the stream. It was shown that the food habits of D. ensatus and S. gairdneri were diverse enough to warrant partial exclusion on the basis of food. C. tenuis demonstrated selectivity and was shown to be under competitive stress from the other two species.

Measurement And Affect Of Ecologically Significant Factors Within A Thermally-Stratified Lake On Bacterial Utilization Of A Humic Acid, Herbert E. Schmidt

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by Herbert E. Schmidt on May 19, 1969.