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Molecular biology

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Articles 31 - 60 of 66

Full-Text Articles in Molecular Biology

Discovery Of Small Molecules Blocking Oncogenic K-Ras Activity, Sarah E. Kovar Jan 2018

Discovery Of Small Molecules Blocking Oncogenic K-Ras Activity, Sarah E. Kovar

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Ras proteins were the first human oncogenes discovered. Although Ras has been found to be the most frequently mutated oncogene, there are currently no anti-Ras-specific drugs available in the clinic. Ras is responsible for initiating cellular pathways that include proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. There are three ubiquitously expressed Ras isoforms in mammalian cells: H-, N-, and K-Ras. Interaction with the plasma membrane is required for Ras biological activity. When Ras interaction with the plasma membrane is blocked, Ras activity is inhibited. Two compounds (from Dr. Ketcha, WSU Chemistry Department) were tested and shown to dissociate K-Ras, but not H-Ras from …

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Understanding Intracellular Redox Regulation In Methanogens: Characterization Of The Components And Targets Of The Nadph-Dependent Thioredoxin System From Methanosarcina Acetivorans, Addison Clark Mccarver Dec 2017

Understanding Intracellular Redox Regulation In Methanogens: Characterization Of The Components And Targets Of The Nadph-Dependent Thioredoxin System From Methanosarcina Acetivorans, Addison Clark Mccarver

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

All cells have a reduced intracellular environment. In the presence of oxygen, the non-specific oxidation of intracellular components leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells leading to oxidative stress. During oxidative stress labile cofactors (e.g. Fe-S clusters) are lost and deleterious disulfide bonds are formed within proteins. Intracellular redox maintenance systems are used to direct reducing equivalents towards the repair of oxidatively-damaged proteins. The thioredoxin system is the ubiquitous intracellular redox system, found in virtually all species. The canonical thioredoxin system is comprised of a NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) that functions to reduced thioredoxin (Trx). Although …

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Determination Of The Effects Of Different Maillard Reaction Products On The Taxonomic Composition Of The Gut Microbiota, Nesreen Hamdan Aljahdali Dec 2017

Determination Of The Effects Of Different Maillard Reaction Products On The Taxonomic Composition Of The Gut Microbiota, Nesreen Hamdan Aljahdali

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Maillard Reaction (MR) is a non-enzymatic chemical reaction which results in linkage between the amino group of amino acids and the carbonyl group of reduced sugars. This reaction generates Maillard reaction products (MRPs) which are not present naturally in foods, and are responsible for a range of colors, odors, flavors, and other sensory properties. Conflicting reports of MRPs impacts on human health are probably due to the fact that bioconversion of these digestible molecules by the gut microbiota has been marginally taken into account. This study aimed to determine the effects of different MRPs on rodent’s gut microbiota through16S …

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Comprehensive Assessments Of The Genetic Determinants In Salmonella Typhimurium For Fitness Under Host Stressors: Oxidative Stress And Iron Restriction, Sardar Abdullah Aug 2017

Comprehensive Assessments Of The Genetic Determinants In Salmonella Typhimurium For Fitness Under Host Stressors: Oxidative Stress And Iron Restriction, Sardar Abdullah

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Salmonella is an intracellular pathogen that infects a wide range of hosts. The infected host utilizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron-restriction to eliminate the pathogen. We used proteogenomics to determine the candidate genes and proteins that have a role in resistance of S. Typhimurium to H2O2. For Tn-seq, a highly saturated Tn5 library was grown in vitro under either 2.5 (H2O2L) or 3.5 mM H2O2 (H2O2H). We identified two sets of overlapping genes that are required for resistance of S. Typhimurium to H2O2L and H2O2H, and the results were validated via phenotypic evaluation of 50 selected mutants. The enriched …

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The Structural And Functional Properties Of A Double Mutant Of Human Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor (Hfgf-1), Arwa Mohammed Alghanmi Aug 2017

The Structural And Functional Properties Of A Double Mutant Of Human Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor (Hfgf-1), Arwa Mohammed Alghanmi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Human acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF-1), a member of the FGF superfamily, is a potent mitogen and heparin-binding protein involved in a broad spectrum of biological processes, including angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and wound healing. Design of hFGF-1 with an increased thermal stability and an enhanced cell proliferation activity is highly desired for wound healing applications. Herein, we have designed the variant of FGF-1 by substituting two important amino residues in the heparin-binding pocket. The variant was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and was successfully purified to homogeneity using an affinity chromatographic procedure. Far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis showed that the …

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Melatonin And Its Metabolites Protect Human Melanocytes Against Uvb-Induced Damage: Involvement Of Nrf2-Mediated Pathways, Zorica Janjetovic, Stuart G. Jarrett, Elizabeth F. Lee, Cory Duprey, Russel J. Reiter, Andrzej T. Slominski Apr 2017

Melatonin And Its Metabolites Protect Human Melanocytes Against Uvb-Induced Damage: Involvement Of Nrf2-Mediated Pathways, Zorica Janjetovic, Stuart G. Jarrett, Elizabeth F. Lee, Cory Duprey, Russel J. Reiter, Andrzej T. Slominski

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Ultraviolet light (UV) is an inducer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as 6-4-photoproducts and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) in the skin, which further cause damage to the skin cells. Irradiation of cultured human melanocytes with UVB stimulated ROS production, which was reduced in cells treated with melatonin or its metabolites: 6-hydroxymelatonin (6-OHM), N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK), N-acetylserotonin (NAS), and 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT). Melatonin and its derivatives also stimulated the expression of NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor 2) and its target enzymes and proteins that play an important role in cell protection from different damaging factors including UVB. Silencing …

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Analysis Of Alternative Storage Conditions For Dna Recovery From Field Samples, Alison Schutt, Emily Stricklin, Britta Ten Haken, Joseph Tolsma, Laurie Furlong, Sara S. Tolsma Jan 2016

Analysis Of Alternative Storage Conditions For Dna Recovery From Field Samples, Alison Schutt, Emily Stricklin, Britta Ten Haken, Joseph Tolsma, Laurie Furlong, Sara S. Tolsma

Northwestern Review

As ecologists increasingly employ molecular methods, they find that tried and true preservation solutions (e.g. ethanol or formalin) may not be optimal when samples are targeted for genetic analyses. Before traveling to remote sample sites, researchers need to consider which preservation methods are likely to yield the largest quantity and highest quality of DNA based on their travel times and field conditions. They also need to consider whether they will have access to preservatives at remote sites and whether those preservatives can be safely transported. To determine which preservation methods would most reliably preserve tissue for genetic analysis under a …

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Characterization Of A Phosphonate-Specific Cytidylyltransferase, Kissa Batul Jan 2016

Characterization Of A Phosphonate-Specific Cytidylyltransferase, Kissa Batul

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Antibiotic resistance is a major global health concern that requires new therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, a lack of narrow spectrum antibiotics on the market produces unintended consequences with respect to changes in our microbial make up. Phosphonates are reduced versions of phosphates that possess a C-P bond which is more resistant to enzymatic and chemical degradation. The role of phosphonate containing macromolecules (e.g. cell surface polysaccharides) remains enigmatic, however their presence suggests that they may confer an advantage. The biosynthesis of phosphonate-containing macromolecules is unknown, but a pathway is proposed involving aLicC type cytidylyltransferase-catalyzed conjugation to a phosphonate followed by a …

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Reverse Gyrase Is Not Necessary For Survival Of Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrococcus Furiosus, Farshid Taghizadeh, Michael S. Bartlett May 2015

Reverse Gyrase Is Not Necessary For Survival Of Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrococcus Furiosus, Farshid Taghizadeh, Michael S. Bartlett

Student Research Symposium

Reverse gyrase is the only known topoisomerase enzyme with positive supercoiling activity on covalently-closed DNA. This positive supercoiling is required to prevent DNA from denaturation at high temperatures. The gene that codes for this protein is present in all hyperthermophiles and absent from all mesophilic and thermophilic genomes, suggesting that this enzyme is the only hyperthermophile-specific protein. To investigate if this protein is vital for the cells, we knocked out its gene from the genome of living organism Pyrococcus furiosus. Pyrococcus furiosus is a hyperthermophilic archaeon that grows between 70°C to 103°C with an optimum growth temperature of 100°C. …

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Ex Vivo Dna Cloning, Adam B. Fisher Jan 2015

Ex Vivo Dna Cloning, Adam B. Fisher

Theses and Dissertations

Genetic engineering of microbes has developed rapidly along with our ability to synthesize DNA de novo. Yet, even with decreasing DNA synthesis costs there remains a need for inexpensive, rapid and reliable methods for assembling synthetic DNA into larger constructs or combinatorial libraries. While technological advances have resulted in powerful techniques for in vitro and in vivo assembly of DNA, each suffers inherent disadvantages. Here, an ex vivo DNA cloning suite using crude cellular lysates derived from E. coli is demonstrated to amplify and assemble DNA containing small sequence homologies. Further, the advantages of an ex vivo approach are …

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Dancing Through Life: Allosteric Transitions And Structural Analysis Of Hsp70 And Hsp110 Chaperone Proteins, Gabrielle Stetz, Gennady M. Verkhivker Dec 2014

Dancing Through Life: Allosteric Transitions And Structural Analysis Of Hsp70 And Hsp110 Chaperone Proteins, Gabrielle Stetz, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

The molecular chaperone protein Hsp70 is centrally involved in cellular homeostasis by assisting in the folding and degradation of protein substrates. Hsp70 is joined by co-chaperones, such as Hsp110, which contribute to specialized tasks of the Hsp70 complex. Imbalances of this heat shock protein system are believed to be involved with the deregulation of cancer pathways and other human diseases. Better understanding of how these heat shock proteins work at the molecular level, which has been investigated using molecular docking tools, will give more clues about biological function. Simulating the formation and function of Hsp70 based chaperone complexes could provide …

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Gaip Interacting Protein C-Terminus Regulates Autophagy And Exosome Biogenesis Of Pancreatic Cancer Through Metabolic Pathways, Santanu Bhattacharya, Krishnendu Pal, Anil K. Sharma, Shamit K. Dutta, Julie S. Lau, Irene K. Yan, Enfeng Wang, Ahmed Elkhanany, Khalid M. Alkharfy, Arunik Sanyal, Tushar C. Patel, Suresh T. Chari, Mark R. Spaller, Debabrata Mukhopadhyay Dec 2014

Gaip Interacting Protein C-Terminus Regulates Autophagy And Exosome Biogenesis Of Pancreatic Cancer Through Metabolic Pathways, Santanu Bhattacharya, Krishnendu Pal, Anil K. Sharma, Shamit K. Dutta, Julie S. Lau, Irene K. Yan, Enfeng Wang, Ahmed Elkhanany, Khalid M. Alkharfy, Arunik Sanyal, Tushar C. Patel, Suresh T. Chari, Mark R. Spaller, Debabrata Mukhopadhyay

Dartmouth Scholarship

GAIP interacting protein C terminus (GIPC) is known to play an important role in a variety of physiological and disease states. In the present study, we have identified a novel role for GIPC as a master regulator of autophagy and the exocytotic pathways in cancer. We show that depletion of GIPC-induced autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells, as evident from the upregulation of the autophagy marker LC3II. We further report that GIPC regulates cellular trafficking pathways by modulating the secretion, biogenesis, and molecular composition of exosomes. We also identified the involvement of GIPC on metabolic stress pathways regulating autophagy and microvesicular …

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Identification Of Proteins Potentially Involved In The Formation Of Lafora Bodies, A Hallmark Of Lafora Disease, Elham Schokraie, Oliver Kötting, Matthew S. Gentry Sep 2013

Identification Of Proteins Potentially Involved In The Formation Of Lafora Bodies, A Hallmark Of Lafora Disease, Elham Schokraie, Oliver Kötting, Matthew S. Gentry

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Presentations

Lafora Disease (LD) is a fatal teenage-onset progressive myoclonus epilepsy. It is characterized by the formation of Lafora bodies (LBs), deposits of abnormally branched, insoluble, hyperphosphorylated glycogen-like polymers that are generally believed to trigger the development of the clinical symptoms of LD. 58% and 35% of the LD cases are caused by mutations in EPM2A (laforin) and EPM2B (malin), respectively. However, little is known about their function in LB formation. Two different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the accumulation of insoluble LBs: first, excessive glycogen phosphorylation and, second, an imbalance between glycogen synthesizing enzymes. The present study aims at …

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Biochemistry Of 1, 2-Dehydro-N-Acetyldopamine Derivatives, Adal T. Abebe Jun 2013

Biochemistry Of 1, 2-Dehydro-N-Acetyldopamine Derivatives, Adal T. Abebe

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Dehydrodopa/dopamine derivatives form an important group of biomolecules participating in sclerotization of all arthropod cuticles, gluing and cementing mussels and related organisms to solid surfaces, and defense reactions of countless marine and invertebrate organisms. Yet very little information is available on the biochemistry of these highly reactive and unstable molecules. To understand their physiological role, I conducted a thorough biochemical study on three representative compounds that cover the entire plethora of dehydrodopa/dopamine derivatives. Employing diode array UV-visible spectroscopy, HPLC, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, I investigated the oxidation chemistry of 1,2-dehydro-N-acetyldopamine (dehydro NADA), 1,2-dehydro-N-acetyldopa and 1,2-dehydro-N-acetyldopa …

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Using Rnai In C. Elegans To Demonstrate Gene Knockdown Phenotypes In The Undergraduate Biology Lab Setting, Nicole M. Roy May 2013

Using Rnai In C. Elegans To Demonstrate Gene Knockdown Phenotypes In The Undergraduate Biology Lab Setting, Nicole M. Roy

Biology Faculty Publications

RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful technology used to knock down genes in basic research and medicine. In 2006 RNAi technology using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine and thus students graduating in the biological sciences should have experience with this technology. However, students struggle conceptually with the molecular biology behind the RNAi technology and find the technology difficult to grasp. To this end, we have provided a simple, streamlined and inexpensive RNAi procedure using C. elegans that can be adopted in upper level biology classes. By using an unknown RNAi-producing bacteria, students perform novel …

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Cell Type Difference In Influenza A Viral Mrna Nuclear Export, Sean William Larsen Jan 2013

Cell Type Difference In Influenza A Viral Mrna Nuclear Export, Sean William Larsen

Theses Digitization Project

The focus of this thesis research was to clarify the role of host Nxf1 in influenza viral mRNA nuclear export. This study aims to define the nuclear mRNA export pathways of influenza viral mRNA. If viral mRNAs are discovered to utilize neither known mRNA nuclear export pathway this would indicate the mRNA exports via undefined mRNA nuclear export pathway. This might be an atypical pathway not utilized by many host mRNAs and thus might reveal novel antiviral target. 293T (Human embryonic kidney cells) and A549 (Human lung epithelial) cells were purchased from ATCC American Tissue Culture Collection.

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Elucidating The Role Of Dopamine In The Avoidance Response Of Caenorhabditis Elegans Utilizing Microfluidics, Patricia Frances Turturro Jan 2013

Elucidating The Role Of Dopamine In The Avoidance Response Of Caenorhabditis Elegans Utilizing Microfluidics, Patricia Frances Turturro

Theses Digitization Project

This study looks at dopamine modulation of ASH neurons, which are part of the avoidance circuit of C. elegans, and their response to water soluble stimuli. Because nematodes such as Caenorhabditis elegans utilize dopamine at the molecular and cellular level in much the same way as mammals, they offer researchers a unique opportunity to study the mechanisms of dopamine signaling.

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Starch Phosphates: A Means To Manipulate Biofuel Production, Travis M. Bridges Jun 2012

Starch Phosphates: A Means To Manipulate Biofuel Production, Travis M. Bridges

Kaleidoscope

No abstract provided.

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Fundamentals Of Protein Structure Alignment, Allen Holder, Mark Brandt, Yosi Shibberu May 2012

Fundamentals Of Protein Structure Alignment, Allen Holder, Mark Brandt, Yosi Shibberu

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

The central dogma of molecular biology asserts a one way transfer of information from a cell’s genetic code to the expression of proteins. Proteins are the functional workhorses of a cell, and studying these molecules is at the foundation of much of computational biology. Our goal here is to present a succinct introduction to the biological, mathematical, and computational aspects of making pairwise comparisons between protein structures. The presentation is intended to be useful for those who are entering this research area. The chapter begins with a brief introduction to the biology of protein comparison, which is followed by a …

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Electrosensory Ampullary Organs Are Derived From Lateral Line Placodes In Bony Fishes, Melissa S. Modrell, William E. Benis, R. Glenn Northcutt, Marcus C. Davis, Clare V.H. Baker Oct 2011

Electrosensory Ampullary Organs Are Derived From Lateral Line Placodes In Bony Fishes, Melissa S. Modrell, William E. Benis, R. Glenn Northcutt, Marcus C. Davis, Clare V.H. Baker

Faculty Articles

Electroreception is an ancient subdivision of the lateral line sensory system, found in all major vertebrate groups (though lost in frogs, amniotes and most ray-finned fishes). Electroreception is mediated by 'hair cells' in ampullary organs, distributed in fields flanking lines of mechanosensory hair cell-containing neuromasts that detect local water movement. Neuromasts, and afferent neurons for both neuromasts and ampullary organs, develop from lateral line placodes. Although ampullary organs in the axolotl (a representative of the lobe-finned clade of bony fishes) are lateral line placode-derived, non-placodal origins have been proposed for electroreceptors in other taxa. Here we show morphological and molecular …

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Arctic Mustard Flower Color Polymorphism Controlled By Petal-Specific Downregulation At The Threshold Of The Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway, Cynthia A. Dick, Jason Buenrostro, Timothy Butler, Matthew L. Carlson, Daniel J. Kliebenstein, Justen B. Whittall Apr 2011

Arctic Mustard Flower Color Polymorphism Controlled By Petal-Specific Downregulation At The Threshold Of The Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway, Cynthia A. Dick, Jason Buenrostro, Timothy Butler, Matthew L. Carlson, Daniel J. Kliebenstein, Justen B. Whittall

Biology

Intra- and interspecific variation in flower color is a hallmark of angiosperm diversity. The evolutionary forces underlying the variety of flower colors can be nearly as diverse as the colors themselves. In addition to pollinator preferences, non-pollinator agents of selection can have a major influence on the evolution of flower color polymorphisms, especially when the pigments in question are also expressed in vegetative tissues. In such cases, identifying the target(s) of selection starts with determining the biochemical and molecular basis for the flower color variation and examining any pleiotropic effects manifested in vegetative tissues. Herein, we describe a widespread purple-white …

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Fast Protein Structure Alignment, Yosi Shibberu, Allen Holder, Kyla Lutz Feb 2010

Fast Protein Structure Alignment, Yosi Shibberu, Allen Holder, Kyla Lutz

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

We address the problem of aligning the 3D structures of two proteins. Our pairwise comparisons are based on a new optimization model that is succinctly expressed in terms of linear transformations and highlights the problem’s intrinsic geometry. The optimization problem is approximately solved with a new polynomial time algorithm. The worst case analysis of the algorithm shows that the solution is bounded by a constant depending only on the data of the problem.

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The Effect Of Rooibos Tea (Aspalathus Linearis) On The Survival And Transformation Of C3h-Bt1 Mouse Fibroblasts, Krista M. Beach, Paul J. Smith Apr 2005

The Effect Of Rooibos Tea (Aspalathus Linearis) On The Survival And Transformation Of C3h-Bt1 Mouse Fibroblasts, Krista M. Beach, Paul J. Smith

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

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Core Concepts In Biochemistry And Molecular Biology In An Integrated Mbbs Curriculum, M P. Iqbal Apr 2004

Core Concepts In Biochemistry And Molecular Biology In An Integrated Mbbs Curriculum, M P. Iqbal

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Cell Modeling, Matthew L. Campbell Mar 2002

Cell Modeling, Matthew L. Campbell

Theses and Dissertations

The Air Force is currently developing new products that incorporate a variety of chemicals which may come in contact with product users. To define which chemicals are dangerous to the user, toxicity studies have been performed. However, analysis of toxicity ultimately requires models of the exposed cellular systems. This thesis provides an introduction of how to model and analyze small and large cellular systems. Understanding the underlying behavior of small models and their relation to large systems will lead to a better understanding of how the Air Force should construct intracellular models to assist in future toxicology studies. Developing analysis …

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In Vitro Assessment Of The Toxicity Of Cocaine And Its Metabolites In The Human Umbilical Artery, Tessa L. Long Aug 1998

In Vitro Assessment Of The Toxicity Of Cocaine And Its Metabolites In The Human Umbilical Artery, Tessa L. Long

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An in vitro model was used to assess the effect of cocaine and its metabolites on the umbilical artery. Objectives were to pharmacologically confirm the presence of adrenergic innervation using tyramine, evaluate the ability of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine and cocaethylene to potentiate vasoconstriction by serotonin and norepinephrine, examine the ability of ketanserin to block the enhanced vasoconstriction produced by cocaine, and determine displacement of 3 H-ketanserin by serotonin, norepinephrine, tyramine and mianserin. The vasoconstrictive effect of tyramine (100 μM) was enhanced in the presence of cocaine by 257%. Vasoconstrictive effects of serotonin and norepinephrine were significantly enhanced by cocaine by …

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The Influence Of A Human Repetitive Dna On Genome Stability, Eugenia L. Posey May 1998

The Influence Of A Human Repetitive Dna On Genome Stability, Eugenia L. Posey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A uniquely human interspersed repetitive DNA sequence family, the L2Hs, are highly polymorphic in human genomes. Several features of interspersed repeated DNA may contribute to the instability observed. Certain motifs (direct repeats, palindromes, and inverted repeats) comprising L2Hs elements may adopt unusual secondary structures such as cruciforms or hairpins. These motifs have been associated with features of genome instability in recombination, insertions and deletions. The L2Hs elements also are AT-rich (76%) compared to the bulk of human DNA (52%). That their dynamic nature (i.e. polymorphisms) may arise from recombination, insertions and deletions has led to the hypothesis that the L2Hs …

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Endogenous Alkylglycerol Functions As A Mediator Of Protein Kinase C Activity And Cell Proliferation, Fritz G. Buchanan May 1997

Endogenous Alkylglycerol Functions As A Mediator Of Protein Kinase C Activity And Cell Proliferation, Fritz G. Buchanan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To explore the possibility that 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycerol (alkylglycerol) may serve a regulatory role in the control of cell proliferation or PKC activity, we examined the ability of alkylglycerol to influence PKC activity and subcellular distribution as well as the ability of alkylglycerol to effect cell proliferation. MDCK cells grown to confluence show a loss of PKC activity associated with the membrane, as reported in fibroblasts. Preconfluent cultures of MDCK cells have a high level of PKC activity associated with the membrane. However, treatment of preconfluent cultures with alkylglycerol causes a reduction of PKC activity. A similar inhibition was observed with alkylglycerol …

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Moraxella (Branhamella) Catarrhalis: A Molecular Epidemiology Study, Lyndell R. Gill May 1995

Moraxella (Branhamella) Catarrhalis: A Molecular Epidemiology Study, Lyndell R. Gill

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis is the third-most-frequently isolated microorganism associated with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in patients during their stay at the Mountain Home VA Medical Center (MHVAMC). In order to develop a practical, epidemiologically-meaningful typing method for M. (B.) catarrhalis, we tested two methods based on analysis of chromosomal DNA for typeability, reproducibility, and ability to differentiate between unrelated strains (discriminatory power, D). M. (B.) catarrhalis isolants from MHVAMC from 7/1/87-6/30/88 were grown overnight in broth and embedded in agarose. DNA was isolated by standard methods. The DNA was subjected to: (1) restriction endonuclease digestion (with either Bgl II …

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A Molecular Basis For Erythromycin Sensitivity And Resistance In Escherichia Coli, Harold S. Chittum Dec 1993

A Molecular Basis For Erythromycin Sensitivity And Resistance In Escherichia Coli, Harold S. Chittum

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effect of erythromycin on the 50S ribosomal subunit during cell growth has been extensively investigated. Sucrose density gradient analysis of ribosomes formed in the presence and absence of the drug revealed a 50S specific assembly defect is partially responsible for erythromycin's inhibitory effects on wild type cells. Examination of two erythromycin-resistant mutants of E. coli (N281 and N282) revealed that mutant N281 (L22 mutant) but not N282 (L4 mutant) was assembly defective in the presence of the drug, although only at much higher drug concentrations (300 ug/ml vs. 75 ug/ml for wild type cells). The altered genes from each …

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