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Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry
Decoding The Cellular Zipcode: Functional Analysis Of Transit Peptide Motifs And Mechanistic Implications In Plastid Targeting And Import, Kristen N. Holbrook
Decoding The Cellular Zipcode: Functional Analysis Of Transit Peptide Motifs And Mechanistic Implications In Plastid Targeting And Import, Kristen N. Holbrook
Doctoral Dissertations
Eukaryotic organisms are defined by their compartmentalization and various organelles. The membranes that define these organelles require complex nanomachines (known as translocons) to selectively mediate the import of proteins from the cytosol where they are synthesized into the organelle. The plastid, (specifically the chloroplast) which is characteristic of plant cells, possibly represents the most complex system of protein sorting, requiring many different translocons located in the three membranes found in this organelle. Despite having a small genome, the vast majority of plastid-localized proteins are nuclear-encoded and must be post-translationally imported from the cytosol. These proteins are encoded as a larger …
Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Chloroplast Transit Peptide Domain Architecture And Function, Prakitchai Chotewutmontri
Experimental And Computational Analysis Of Chloroplast Transit Peptide Domain Architecture And Function, Prakitchai Chotewutmontri
Doctoral Dissertations
The Majority of chloroplast proteins are nuclear-encoded and utilize an N-terminal transit peptide (TP) to target into chloroplasts via the general import pathway. Bioinformatic and proteomic analyses provide thousands of predicted TPs, which show low sequence similarity. How the common chloroplast translocon components recognize these diverse TPs is not well understood. Previous results support either sequence- or physicochemical-specific recognitions. To further address this question, a reverse sequence approach was utilized such that the reverse TP contains the same amino acid composition as wild-type TP but lack similar sequence motifs. Using both native and reverse TPs of the two well-studied precursors, …
Dynamics Of The Toc Gtpases: Modulation By Nucleotides And Transit Peptides Reveal A Mechanism For Chloroplast Protein Import, Lovett Evan Reddick
Dynamics Of The Toc Gtpases: Modulation By Nucleotides And Transit Peptides Reveal A Mechanism For Chloroplast Protein Import, Lovett Evan Reddick
Doctoral Dissertations
The chloroplast is the green organelle in the plant cell responsible for harvesting energy from sunlight and converting it into sugars and ATP. Origins of this organelle can be traced back to an endosymbiotic event in which a primitive eukaryotic cell capable of oxidative phosphorylation engulfed a free-living cyanobacterium capable of photosynthetic respiration (1). Immediately following this event the details are not clear, however what is known is that over the course of evolution, the engulfed cyanobacteria relinquished approximately 97% of its protein coding sequences to the host cell nucleus, thus making the newly formed chloroplast reliant on its host …