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Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry
Bumpy Road Ahead: Overcoming Dna Replication Obstacles One Barrier At A Time, Melanie Anne Sparks
Bumpy Road Ahead: Overcoming Dna Replication Obstacles One Barrier At A Time, Melanie Anne Sparks
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
DNA replication must occur efficiently and timely every cell cycle to protect the integrity of the genome. Stalled or slowed replication forks lead to replication stress that can cause replication fork collapse, and potentially genome instability. Scattered throughout the genome are tightly bound proteins, such as transcription factors, that are necessary for cell function and survival. These proteins have the potential to impede timely DNA replication. Furthermore, genomic DNA is packaged around histone octamers into structures called nucleosomes that both compact the DNA and provide an additional layer of information and regulation termed epigenetics. Thus, DNA replication is not only …
Dna Replication Challenges: Telomeres And R Loops, Shankar Parajuli
Dna Replication Challenges: Telomeres And R Loops, Shankar Parajuli
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Faithful DNA replication and repair are essential for maintaining genome stability and preventing various diseases including cancer. Both processes are executed by numerous redundant mechanisms to ensure that these processes are uninterrupted even when a primary mechanism fails. Despite this, they are not immune to challenges and failures leading to DNA damage and genome instability. These problems are more evident at the difficult-to-replicate regions of the genome such as the telomeres that cap and protect linear chromosome ends. Additionally, topological structures such as RNA:DNA hybrids, commonly referred to as R loops, can also present severe challenges to the DNA replication …