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Mechanisms Of Copper Homeostasis In Bacteria, José Argüello, Daniel Raimunda, Teresita Padilla-Benavides
Mechanisms Of Copper Homeostasis In Bacteria, José Argüello, Daniel Raimunda, Teresita Padilla-Benavides
José M. Argüello
Copper is an important micronutrient required as a redox co-factor in the catalytic centers of enzymes. However, free copper is a potential hazard because of its high chemical reactivity. Consequently, organisms exert a tight control on Cu(+) transport (entry-exit) and traffic through different compartments, ensuring the homeostasis required for cuproprotein synthesis and prevention of toxic effects. Recent studies based on biochemical, bioinformatics, and metalloproteomics approaches, reveal a highly regulated system of transcriptional regulators, soluble chaperones, membrane transporters, and target cuproproteins distributed in the various bacterial compartments. As a result, new questions have emerged regarding the diversity and apparent redundancies of …