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Utah State University

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Articles 241 - 251 of 251

Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology

A Study Of 5-Fluorouracil: Its Effects And Mode Of Action In Drosophila Melanogaster, John B. Jenkins Jr. May 1965

A Study Of 5-Fluorouracil: Its Effects And Mode Of Action In Drosophila Melanogaster, John B. Jenkins Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Investigations involving the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil, and its effects on viruses, bacteria, plants and mammals, have brought to light the following facts: FU inhibits the growth of bacteria, plants and mammalian cells and it decreases the ability of certain viruses to produce progeny. In other words, FU is an antimetabolite that inhibits growth and/or reproduction. Two mechanisms have emerged from these studies to define the mode of action of FU. The first mechanism involves the incorporation of the compound into the RNA of the organism thus altering the base sequence and creating a non functional or damaging nucleic acid. The …

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Studies On The Relationship Of Serum Lipids And Dietary Intake Of Fat In Senior Citizens, Lina Wu May 1964

Studies On The Relationship Of Serum Lipids And Dietary Intake Of Fat In Senior Citizens, Lina Wu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A number of research studies have shown that aging is a continuous and cumulative process of biological changes which frequently result in cardiovascular diseases in the older age group. Degenerative diseases of old age such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases appear to be related to abnormal lipid metabolism. The findings which indicate serum cholesterol values rise with age are by no means unanimous. The combined evidence in the literature points out that serum cholesterol of newborn infants is low, then rises steadily with age in both sexes from adolescence through middle age with a higher value in males than …

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Effect Of Fluoride On The Respiration Of Leaves From Higher Plants, Ming-Ho Yu May 1964

Effect Of Fluoride On The Respiration Of Leaves From Higher Plants, Ming-Ho Yu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Studies concerning the effects of fluoride on the metabolism of both animals and plants have been of interest to many workers. In plants, it has been known that fluoride will inhibit the growth, that it will induce chlorosis as an evidence of visible injury, and that necrosis will eventually result. The economic importance associated with fluoride damage has been widely recognized, and, as a consequence, fluoride has become a major problem of air pollution.

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Studies Of The Incorporation Of 5-Fluorouracil Into Tobacco Mosaic Viral Rna By Cell-Free Synthesing Systems Isolated From Infected Tobacco Plants, Helen Lu-Sheng Wang May 1964

Studies Of The Incorporation Of 5-Fluorouracil Into Tobacco Mosaic Viral Rna By Cell-Free Synthesing Systems Isolated From Infected Tobacco Plants, Helen Lu-Sheng Wang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Research on biosynthesis of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) ribonucleic acid in vitro has been reported by a number of laboratories (8, 16, 17). Bonner et al. postulated that ribonucleic acid could be synthesized from nucleotides by chromatin extracted from nuclei of pea seedlings (5, 14, 22). The evidence from in vitro synthesis of viral RNA suggested that an enzyme, RNA polymerase, links the four nucleotides (ATP, UTP, CTP, GTP) with viral RNA present as a primer and magnesium ions participating as a catalyst (7, 8).

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Neutral 17-Ketosteroids And 17, 21-Dihydroxy-20-Ketosteroids In Urine Of University Students, Shon-Hua Yu May 1964

Neutral 17-Ketosteroids And 17, 21-Dihydroxy-20-Ketosteroids In Urine Of University Students, Shon-Hua Yu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Degenerative disease of old age such as atherosclerosis and cerebral hemorrhage appear to be related to abnormal lipid metabolism. Many investigators have studied the role of steroid hormones on lipid and cholesterol metabolism in rats and chickens. The results have consistantly indicated that both corticosteroids and sex hormones play an important role in the regulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism, in vivo. Serum cholesterol values in humans have been decreased by estrogens, while androgen administration tends to increase circulating cholesterol. Estrogens have been shown to decrease circulating cholesterol and prevent cholesterol-induced coronary atherosclerosis in chickens. A study of the …

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The Respiratory Chain Involved In Oxidative Phosphorylation On Higher Plants In Relation To Carbon Dioxide-Bicarbonate Inhibition, Wan-Jean Young May 1963

The Respiratory Chain Involved In Oxidative Phosphorylation On Higher Plants In Relation To Carbon Dioxide-Bicarbonate Inhibition, Wan-Jean Young

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Increased concentrations of CO2 with the accompanying high bicarbonate level in the culture medium have been reported to have a depressing effect in certain plant species on growth (34), respiration (23, 33), oxidative phosphorylation (9), mineral nutrient absorption (17), certain enzymatic reactions (4, 22, 27), accumulation of organic and amino acids (11), and protein synthesis (16). Since accumulation of organic acids occurs in lime-induced chlorotic tissue together with a depression in the respiration of plant tissue, an effect on the energy transfer mechanism of such plants is suspected. Inhibition of electron transfer from the substrate level could result in …

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Biosynthesis Of Infectious Cucumber Mosaic Virus Ribonucleic Acid In A Cell-Free Medium, Men Hui Lee May 1963

Biosynthesis Of Infectious Cucumber Mosaic Virus Ribonucleic Acid In A Cell-Free Medium, Men Hui Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The mechanism of biosynthesis of the nucleic acids, RNA, remained obscure until 1955 when the announcement was made (14) that an enzyme isolated from bacterial sources catalyzes the synthesis of ribopolynucleotides from nucleoside-5'-diphosphates. It has been shown that the biosynthesis of polynucleotides occurs through the stepwise polymerization of nucleoside-5'-diphosphates or triphosphates. A great deal of research over the past few years has indicated that isolated nuclei from both animal (1) and plant (19) sources are able to synthesize ribonucleic acids in vitro (18).

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Leaf Ribonuclease Activity As Related To Virus Infection, And Ribonucleic Acid Concentration, Andrew Chien-Yau Hsu May 1963

Leaf Ribonuclease Activity As Related To Virus Infection, And Ribonucleic Acid Concentration, Andrew Chien-Yau Hsu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) appears to be the entity responsible for infectivity and genetic continuity in certain plant, animal and bacterial viruses. RNA also plays an important role in protein synthesis. The enzymes which are involved in RNA synthesis and degradation have received much attention. Among these enzymes ribonuclease (RNase) has been most thoroughly studied Rnase is widely distributed and has been isolated from many sources such as snake venom, bacteria, the pancreas, and many plant and animal tissues. Most studies with RNase have been concerned with its role in the hydrolysis of RNA in vitro. Therefore, it has generally been …

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The Biochemical Differences Associated With Iron Chlorosis In Higher Plants, Daniel Ming-Yi Teng May 1963

The Biochemical Differences Associated With Iron Chlorosis In Higher Plants, Daniel Ming-Yi Teng

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Chlorosis, which is associated with a reduction in the chlorophyll content of leaves, is a major problem in the growing of deciduous fruit trees and some field crops on calcareous soil. Under various soil conditions more than one factor may be involved in the development of chlorosis in plants. A deficiency of magnesium, manganese, zinc or iron, and virus infections can induce chlorosis. It is also induced by the presence of high concentrations of phosphate, bicarbonate, manganese, copper, zinc, or numerous other factors.

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Biochemical Studies On The Effect Of Fluoride On Higher Plants, Shang-Fa Yang May 1962

Biochemical Studies On The Effect Of Fluoride On Higher Plants, Shang-Fa Yang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fluoride occurs naturally in plants, but its presence has attracted attention primarily in certain industrial areas where concentrations are elevated above normal by accumulation from the atmosphere. Certain plant species have been observed to be injured as a result of accumulation of excessive fluoride from the atmosphere. The general symptoms of fluoride injury are necrotic lesions and burning which appear first in the leaf tips and margins.

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Thermodynamics Of Phosphate Absorption On Several Charcoals, James Duncan Beaton May 1957

Thermodynamics Of Phosphate Absorption On Several Charcoals, James Duncan Beaton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Phosphorus has long been recognized by agriculturists as being one of the elements essential for plant growth. Although the total phosphorus content of a soil may be high, the amount of phosphate actually available for plant growth is often low. Many agencies such as inherent low solubilities of phosphate compounds, adsorption on Ca C03, adsorption in the diffuse double layer of clay micelles, and chemical precipitation of phosphate which refers to the removal of phosphate ions from solution and their chemical bonding to the solid phase have been studied to explain the lack of phosphate availability.

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