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Articles 91 - 120 of 180

Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology

Functional Analysis Of Stn1 Winged-Helix (Wh) Domains, Anna Bazell Apr 2022

Functional Analysis Of Stn1 Winged-Helix (Wh) Domains, Anna Bazell

Senior Theses

CST (CTC1-STN1-TEN1) is a heterotrimeric RPA-like protein complex that preferentially binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). CST is conserved from yeast to humans and has been found to play a role in telomere maintenance, DNA replication, and DNA repair. Mutations in CST, specifically in the subunits of CTC1 and STN1, have been implicated in the development of the genetic diseases Coats plus and dyskeratosis congenita. Despite the known functions of CST, the mechanistic relationship between its structure and function has yet to be characterized, particularly with respect to its protein-protein interactions and DNA binding. An X-ray crystallography structure of CST revealed …

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One Planet: One Health. A Call To Support The Initiative On A Global Science-Policy Body On Chemicals And Waste, Werner Brack, Damia Barcelo Culleres, Alistair B.A. Boxall, Helene Budzinski, Sara Castiglioni, Adrian Covaci, Valeria Dulio, Beate I. Escher, Peter Fantke, Faith Kandie, Despo Fatta-Kassinos, Felix J. Hernandez, Klara Hilscherova, Juliane Hollender, Henner Hollert, Annika Jahnke, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Stuart J. Khan, Andreas Kortenkamp, Klaus Kuemmerer, Brice Lalonde, Marja H. Lamoree, Yves Levi, Pablo Antonio Lara Martin, Cassiana C. Montagner, Christian Mougin, Titus Msagati, Joerg Oehlmann, Leo Posthuma, Malcolm Reid, Martin Reinhard, Susan D. Richardson, Et. Al. Mar 2022

One Planet: One Health. A Call To Support The Initiative On A Global Science-Policy Body On Chemicals And Waste, Werner Brack, Damia Barcelo Culleres, Alistair B.A. Boxall, Helene Budzinski, Sara Castiglioni, Adrian Covaci, Valeria Dulio, Beate I. Escher, Peter Fantke, Faith Kandie, Despo Fatta-Kassinos, Felix J. Hernandez, Klara Hilscherova, Juliane Hollender, Henner Hollert, Annika Jahnke, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Stuart J. Khan, Andreas Kortenkamp, Klaus Kuemmerer, Brice Lalonde, Marja H. Lamoree, Yves Levi, Pablo Antonio Lara Martin, Cassiana C. Montagner, Christian Mougin, Titus Msagati, Joerg Oehlmann, Leo Posthuma, Malcolm Reid, Martin Reinhard, Susan D. Richardson, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The chemical pollution crisis severely threatens human and environmental health globally. To tackle this challenge the establishment of an overarching international science–policy body has recently been suggested. We strongly support this initiative based on the awareness that humanity has already likely left the safe operating space within planetary boundaries for novel entities including chemical pollution. Immediate action is essential and needs to be informed by sound scientific knowledge and data compiled and critically evaluated by an overarching science–policy interface body. Major challenges for such a body are (i) to foster global knowledge production on exposure, impacts and governance going beyond …

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Amorphization Of Pseudocapacitive T−Nb2O5 Accelerates Lithium Diffusivity As Revealed Using Tunable Isomorphic Architectures, Wessel Van Den Bergh, Sean Wechsler, Hasala Nadeesini Lokupitiya, Lauren Jarocha, Kwangnam Kim, James Chapman, Kyoung E. Kweon, Brandon C. Wood, Steve Heald, Morgan Stefik Phd Feb 2022

Amorphization Of Pseudocapacitive T−Nb2O5 Accelerates Lithium Diffusivity As Revealed Using Tunable Isomorphic Architectures, Wessel Van Den Bergh, Sean Wechsler, Hasala Nadeesini Lokupitiya, Lauren Jarocha, Kwangnam Kim, James Chapman, Kyoung E. Kweon, Brandon C. Wood, Steve Heald, Morgan Stefik Phd

Faculty Publications

Intercalationpseudocapacitancecan combinecapacitor-likepower densitieswith battery-likeenergy densities.Such surface-limitedbehaviorrequiresrapid diffusionwhere amorphizationcan increasesolid-statediffusivity.Here intercalationpseudoca-pacitivematerialswith tailoredextentsof amorphizationin T-Nb2O5are first reported.Amorphizationwas characterizedwithWAXS, XPS, XAFS, and EPR which suggesteda peroxide-rich(O22) surface that was consistentwith DFT predictions.A seriesof tunableisomorphicarchitecturesenabledcomparisonswhileindependentlyvaryingtransportparameters.Throughprocessof elimination,solid-statelithium diffusionwas identifiedas thedominantdiffusive-constraintdictatingthe maximumvoltagesweep rate for surface-limitedkinetics(vSLT), termed the Surface-LimitedThreshold(SLT). ThevSLTincreasedwith amorphizationhoweverstable cycling requiredcrystallineT-Nb2O5. A current-responsemodel using series-impedanceswell-matchedtheseobservations.This perspectiverevealedthat amorphizationof T-Nb2O5enhancedsolid-statediffusionby 12.2% and increasedsurface-limitationsby 17.0% (stablesamples).This approachenabledretaining95% lithiationcapacityat ~800mVs1(1,600C-rate equivalent).

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Investigation Of Metastable Low Dimensional Halometallates, Navindra Keerthisinghe, Matthew S. Christian, Anna A. Berseneva, Gregory Morrison, Vladislav V. Klepov, Mark D. Smith, Hans Conrad Zur Loye Jan 2022

Investigation Of Metastable Low Dimensional Halometallates, Navindra Keerthisinghe, Matthew S. Christian, Anna A. Berseneva, Gregory Morrison, Vladislav V. Klepov, Mark D. Smith, Hans Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

The solvothermal synthesis, structure determination and optical characterization of five new metastable halometallate compounds, [1,10-phenH][Pb3.5I8] (1), [1,10-phenH2][Pb5I12]·(H2O) (2), [1,10-phen][Pb2I4] (3), [1,10-phen]2[Pb5Br10] (4) and [1,10-phenH][SbI4]·(H2O) (5), are reported. The materials exhibit rich structural diversity and exhibit structural dimensionalities that include 1D chains, 2D sheets and 3D frameworks. The optical spectra of these materials are consistent with bandgaps ranging from 2.70 to 3.44 eV. We show …

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Single-Variable Porous Nanomaterial Series From Polymer Structure-Directing Agents, Morgan Stefik Dec 2021

Single-Variable Porous Nanomaterial Series From Polymer Structure-Directing Agents, Morgan Stefik

Faculty Publications

Block polymer structure-directing agents (SDA) enable the production of porous nanoscale materials. Most strategies rely upon polymer equilibration where diverse morphologies are realized in porous functional materials. This review details how solvent selectivity determines the polymer SDA behaviors, spanning from bulk-type to solution-type. Equilibrating behavior of either type, however, obscures nanostructure cause-and-effect since the resulting sample series convolve multiple spatial variations. Solution-type SDA behaviors include both dynamic and persistent micelles. Persistent micelle templates (PMT) use high solvent selectivity for kinetic entrapment. PMTs enable independent wall thickness control with demonstrated 2 Å precision alterations. Unimodal PMT pore size distributions have spanned …

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Spectroscopic Studies Of The Interaction Between Phosphorus Heterocycles And Cytochrome P450, Dumei Ma, Libo Zhang, Yingwu Yin, Yuxing Gao, Qian Wang Dec 2021

Spectroscopic Studies Of The Interaction Between Phosphorus Heterocycles And Cytochrome P450, Dumei Ma, Libo Zhang, Yingwu Yin, Yuxing Gao, Qian Wang

Faculty Publications

P450 fatty acid decarboxylase OleT from Staphylococcus aureus (OleTSA) is a novel cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of fatty acids to yield primarily terminal alkenes and CO2 or minor α- and β-hydroxylated fatty acids as side-products. In this work, the interactions between a series of cycloalkyl phosphorus heterocycles (CPHs) and OleTSA were investigated in detail by fluorescence titration experiment, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) and 31P NMR spectroscopies. Fluorescence titration experiment results clearly showed that a dynamic quenching occurred when CPH-6, a representative CPHs, interacted with OleTSA with a binding constant value of 15.2 …

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Fe-Catalyzed Sulfide Oxidation In Hydrothermal Plumes Is A Source Of Reactive Oxygen Species To The Ocean, Timothy J. Shaw, George W. Luther Iii, Richard Rosas, Véronique E. Oldham, Nicole R. Coffey, John L. Ferry, Dewamunnage M. C. Dias, Mustafa Yücel, Aubin Thibault De Chanvalon Sep 2021

Fe-Catalyzed Sulfide Oxidation In Hydrothermal Plumes Is A Source Of Reactive Oxygen Species To The Ocean, Timothy J. Shaw, George W. Luther Iii, Richard Rosas, Véronique E. Oldham, Nicole R. Coffey, John L. Ferry, Dewamunnage M. C. Dias, Mustafa Yücel, Aubin Thibault De Chanvalon

Faculty Publications

Historically, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the ocean has been attributed to photochemical and biochemical reactions. However, hydrothermal vents emit globally significant inventories of reduced Fe and S species that should react rapidly with oxygen in bottom water and serve as a heretofore unmeasured source of ROS. Here, we show that the Fe-catalyzed oxidation of reduced sulfur species in hydrothermal vent plumes in the deep oceans supported the abiotic formation of ROS at concentrations 20 to 100 times higher than the average for photoproduced ROS in surface waters. ROS (measured as hydrogen peroxide) were determined in hydrothermal …

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Small Studies, Big Decisions: The Role Of Pilot/Feasibility Studies In Incremental Science And Premature Scale-Up Of Behavioral Interventions, Michael William Beets, Lauren Von Klinggraeff, Robert G. Weaver, Bridget Ryan Armstrong, Sarah Burkart Sep 2021

Small Studies, Big Decisions: The Role Of Pilot/Feasibility Studies In Incremental Science And Premature Scale-Up Of Behavioral Interventions, Michael William Beets, Lauren Von Klinggraeff, Robert G. Weaver, Bridget Ryan Armstrong, Sarah Burkart

Faculty Publications

Background: Careful consideration and planning are required to establish “sufficient” evidence to ensure an investment in a larger, more well-powered behavioral intervention trial is worthwhile. In the behavioral sciences, this process typically occurs where smaller-scale studies inform larger-scale trials. Believing that one can do the same things and expect the same outcomes in a larger-scale trial that were done in a smaller-scale preliminary study (i.e., pilot/feasibility) is wishful thinking, yet common practice. Starting small makes sense, but small studies come with big decisions that can influence the usefulness of the evidence designed to inform decisions about moving forward with a …

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Ahr Expression On Rorc-Expressing Immune Cells Is Essential For I3c-Mediated Protection Against Colitis, Michal C. Williams Jul 2021

Ahr Expression On Rorc-Expressing Immune Cells Is Essential For I3c-Mediated Protection Against Colitis, Michal C. Williams

Senior Theses

Colitis is an inflammatory bowel disorder (IBD) whose etiology is attributed to modification in the luminal microbiota and dysregulation in the immune response. Indole is a signaling molecule which is naturally produced by gut luminal microbiota. Indole-3- carbinol (I3C) is a compound commonly found in vegetables and a ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Previous studies have detected decreased expression and activation on the AhR receptor in colitis patients, thought to possibly alter gut microbiota metabolism, subsequently promoting colitis. 1 AhR, expressed in a variety of immune and epithelial cells, contributes to gut homeostasis by affecting vital mediators such …

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Characterization Of Ph – Responsive Nanocage Based On The Ferritin Iron Storage Protein, Satyam Singh Jul 2021

Characterization Of Ph – Responsive Nanocage Based On The Ferritin Iron Storage Protein, Satyam Singh

Theses and Dissertations

The iron-storage protein ferritin (Ftn) assembles into a protein cage structure with 24 subunits and octahedral (4-fold, 3-fold, 2-fold) symmetry. Each monomeric subunit contains a robust four-helix bundle fold. The fully assembled Ftn structure has a high degree of thermal stability (up to 100°C), a mono dispersed size (12 nm in diameter), and a large central cavity (7-8 nm in diameter). The central cavity stores ferric iron in phylogenetically diverse group of organisms, including humans. The central cavity has been used for encapsulation of cargoes such as other metals, contrast agents for imaging, small molecule drugs for therapy, …

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Free Three-Dimensional Carborane Carbanions, H.D.A. Zzzchathumal Jayaweera, Md. Mamdudur Rahman, Perry J. Pellechia, Mark D. Smith, Dmitry V. Peryshkov Jun 2021

Free Three-Dimensional Carborane Carbanions, H.D.A. Zzzchathumal Jayaweera, Md. Mamdudur Rahman, Perry J. Pellechia, Mark D. Smith, Dmitry V. Peryshkov

Faculty Publications

Carbon atom functionalization via generation of carbanions is the cornerstone of carborane chemistry. In this work, we report the synthesis and structural characterization of free ortho-carboranyl [C2B10H11]−, a three-dimensional inorganic analog of the elusive phenyl anion that features a “naked” carbanion center. The first example of a stable, discrete C(H)-deprotonated carborane anion was isolated as a completely separated ion pair with a crown ether-encapsulated potassium cation. An analogous approach led to the isolation and structural characterization of a doubly deprotonated 1,1′-bis(o-carborane) anion [C2B10H10] …

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Tailored Porous Carbons Enabled By Persistent Micelles With Glassy Cores, Eric R. Williams, Paige L. Mcmahon, Joseph E. Reynolds Iii, Jonathan L. Snider, Vitalie Stavila, Mark Allendorf, Morgan Stefik Jun 2021

Tailored Porous Carbons Enabled By Persistent Micelles With Glassy Cores, Eric R. Williams, Paige L. Mcmahon, Joseph E. Reynolds Iii, Jonathan L. Snider, Vitalie Stavila, Mark Allendorf, Morgan Stefik

Faculty Publications

Porous nanoscale carbonaceous materials are widely employed for catalysis, separations, and electrochemical devices where device performance often relies upon specific and well-defined regular feature sizes. The use of block polymers as templates has enabled affordable and scalable production of diverse porous carbons. However, popular carbon preparations use equilibrating micelles which can change dimensions in response to the processing environment. Thus, polymer methods have not yet demonstrated carbon nanomaterials with constant average template diameter and tailored wall thickness. In contrast, persistent micelle templates (PMTs) use kinetic control to preserve constant micelle template diameters, and thus PMT has enabled constant pore diameter …

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Host–Guest Interactions In A Metal–Organic Framework Isoreticular Series For Molecular Photocatalytic Co2 Reduction, Philip M. Stanley, Johanna Haimerl, Christopher Thomas, Alexander Urstoeger, Michael Schuster Prof. Dr., Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr., Angela Casini Prof. Dr., Bernhard Rieger Prof. Dr., Julien Warnan Dr., Roland A. Fischer Prof. Dr. May 2021

Host–Guest Interactions In A Metal–Organic Framework Isoreticular Series For Molecular Photocatalytic Co2 Reduction, Philip M. Stanley, Johanna Haimerl, Christopher Thomas, Alexander Urstoeger, Michael Schuster Prof. Dr., Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr., Angela Casini Prof. Dr., Bernhard Rieger Prof. Dr., Julien Warnan Dr., Roland A. Fischer Prof. Dr.

Faculty Publications

A strategy to improve homogeneous molecular catalyst stability, efficiency, and selectivity is the immobilization on supporting surfaces or within host matrices. Herein, we examine the co-immobilization of a CO2 reduction catalyst [ReBr(CO)3(4,4′-dcbpy)] and a photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)2(5,5′-dcbpy)]Cl2 using the isoreticular series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) UiO-66, -67, and -68. Specific host pore size choice enables distinct catalyst and photosensitizer spatial location—either at the outer MOF particle surface or inside the MOF cavities—affecting catalyst stability, electronic communication between reaction center and photosensitizer, and consequently the apparent catalytic rates. These results allow for a rational understanding of an optimized supramolecular layout of catalyst, …

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Beyond Structural Motifs: The Frontier Of Actinide-Containing Metal–Organic Frameworks, Corey R. Martin, Gabrielle A. Leith, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr. May 2021

Beyond Structural Motifs: The Frontier Of Actinide-Containing Metal–Organic Frameworks, Corey R. Martin, Gabrielle A. Leith, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr.

Faculty Publications

In this perspective, we feature recent advances in the field of actinide-containing metal–organic frameworks (An-MOFs) with a main focus on their electronic, catalytic, photophysical, and sorption properties. This discussion deviates from a strictly crystallographic analysis of An-MOFs, reported in several reviews, or synthesis of novel structural motifs, and instead delves into the remarkable potential of An-MOFs for evolving the nuclear waste administration sector. Currently, the An-MOF field is dominated by thorium- and uranium-containing structures, with only a few reports on transuranic frameworks. However, some of the reported properties in the field of An-MOFs foreshadow potential implementation of these materials and …

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Beyond Structural Motifs: The Frontier Of Actinide-Containing Metal–Organic Frameworks, Corey R. Martin, Gabrielle A. Leith, Natalia B. Shustova May 2021

Beyond Structural Motifs: The Frontier Of Actinide-Containing Metal–Organic Frameworks, Corey R. Martin, Gabrielle A. Leith, Natalia B. Shustova

Faculty Publications

In this perspective, we feature recent advances in the field of actinide-containing metal-organic frameworks (An-MOFs) with a main focus on their electronic, catalytic, photophysical, and sorption properties. This discussion deviates from a strictly crystallographic analysis of An-MOFs, reported in several reviews, or synthesis of novel structural motifs, and instead delves into the remarkable potential of An-MOFs for evolving the nuclear waste administration sector. Currently, the An-MOF field is dominated by thorium- and uranium-containing structures, with only a few reports on transuranic frameworks. However, some of the reported properties in the field of An-MOFs foreshadow potential implementation of these materials and …

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The Supercam Instrument Suite On The Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives And Mast-Unit Description, S. Maurice, R. C. Wiens, P. Bernardi, P. Caïs, S. Robinson, T. Nelson, O. Gasnault, J. -M. Reess, M. Deleuze, F. Rull, J. -A. Manrique, S. Abbaki, R. B. Anderson, Y. André, Stanley M. Angel, G. Arana, T. Battault, P. Beck, K. Benzerara, S. Bernard, Et. Al. Apr 2021

The Supercam Instrument Suite On The Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives And Mast-Unit Description, S. Maurice, R. C. Wiens, P. Bernardi, P. Caïs, S. Robinson, T. Nelson, O. Gasnault, J. -M. Reess, M. Deleuze, F. Rull, J. -A. Manrique, S. Abbaki, R. B. Anderson, Y. André, Stanley M. Angel, G. Arana, T. Battault, P. Beck, K. Benzerara, S. Bernard, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2–7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report …

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Broken-Hearted” Carbon Bowl Via Electron Shuttle Reaction: Energetics And Electron Coupling, Gabrielle A. Leith, Allison M. Rice, Brandon J. Yarbrough, Preecha Kittikhunnatham, Abijai Mathur, Nicholas A. Morris, Megan J. Francis, Anna A. Berseneva, Poonam Dhull, Richard D. Adams, M. Victoria Bobo, Aaron A. Vannucci, Mark D. Smith, Sophya Garashchuk, Natalia B. Shustova Apr 2021

Broken-Hearted” Carbon Bowl Via Electron Shuttle Reaction: Energetics And Electron Coupling, Gabrielle A. Leith, Allison M. Rice, Brandon J. Yarbrough, Preecha Kittikhunnatham, Abijai Mathur, Nicholas A. Morris, Megan J. Francis, Anna A. Berseneva, Poonam Dhull, Richard D. Adams, M. Victoria Bobo, Aaron A. Vannucci, Mark D. Smith, Sophya Garashchuk, Natalia B. Shustova

Faculty Publications

Unprecedented one-step CC bond cleavage leading to opening of the buckybowl (π-bowl), that could provide access to carbon-rich structures with previously inaccessible topologies, is reported; highlighting the possibility to implement drastically different synthetic routes to π-bowls in contrast to conventional ones applied for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Through theoretical modeling, we evaluated the mechanistic pathways feasible for π-bowl planarization and factors that could affect such a transformation including strain and released energies. Through employment of Marcus theory, optical spectroscopy, and crystallographic analysis, we estimated the possibility of charge transfer and electron coupling between “open” corannulene and a strong electron acceptor such …

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Lions, Tigers, And Hemes - Oh My! A Dynamic Look At The Electronic Effects Of Porphyrin Substitution On Cytochrome P450 Olet, Alexis J. Holwerda Apr 2021

Lions, Tigers, And Hemes - Oh My! A Dynamic Look At The Electronic Effects Of Porphyrin Substitution On Cytochrome P450 Olet, Alexis J. Holwerda

Senior Theses

OleT, a member of the CYP152 family of cytochrome P450s (CYPs), decarboxylates fatty acids using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. The resultant products are a terminal alkene and carbon dioxide. This C–C cleavage reaction is highly atypical for CYPs, which prototypically oxygenate substrates, and provides a potential means to enzymatically produce drop-in fuels. OleT contains a heme-iron cofactor that facilitates decarboxylation through the activation of hydrogen peroxide. The catalytic cycle, as determined by transient kinetics, includes two ferryl intermediates known as Compound I (Ole-I) and Compound II (Ole-II). Ole-I performs substrate hydrogen abstraction and subsequent single electron transfer to Ole-II …

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The Effect Of A Folate Free Diet On Tumor Burden And Chemotherapy Effectiveness, Kendall E. Stalls Apr 2021

The Effect Of A Folate Free Diet On Tumor Burden And Chemotherapy Effectiveness, Kendall E. Stalls

Senior Theses

Our research is to understand the effect of the microbiota on colorectal cancer. Evidence has been shown that the microbiota is linked to the development and progression of colorectal cancer. The research focuses on how the gut microbiome influences the effectiveness of colorectal cancer treatments. Specifically, how the composition of the microbiota and the metabolites that it secretes changes the response to chemotherapy. We also research how tumor burden can be altered through changing the composition of the gut bacteria. Our experiments are performed on APC/Min+ mice, that have been genetically altered to have colon cancer. We conducted an experiment …

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Purification And Functional Characterization Of The Iron-Responsive Transcription Factor Aft1 From C. Glabrata, Jade Ikahihifo-Bender Apr 2021

Purification And Functional Characterization Of The Iron-Responsive Transcription Factor Aft1 From C. Glabrata, Jade Ikahihifo-Bender

Senior Theses

Due to its unique ability to serve as both an electron donor and acceptor, iron is utilized as a co-factor for many biological processes, including electron transfer, oxygen binding, and vitamin synthesis. Iron is also a key factor during fungal infections as the human host and invading pathogens battle over limited iron pools. The primary iron-responsive transcription factor Aft1 in the opportunistic pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata responds to iron deficiency by activating expression of iron acquisition genes. However, the mechanisms for sensing intracellular iron levels and regulating Aft1 activity in response to iron are unknown. The C. glabrata iron regulation …

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Perspective On Multi-Scale Simulation Of Thermal Transport In Solids And Interfaces (Vol 23, Pg 1785, 2021), Ming Hu, Zhonghua Yang Feb 2021

Perspective On Multi-Scale Simulation Of Thermal Transport In Solids And Interfaces (Vol 23, Pg 1785, 2021), Ming Hu, Zhonghua Yang

Faculty Publications

Correction for ‘Perspective on multi-scale simulation of thermal transport in solids and interfaces’ by Ming Hu et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 1785–1801, DOI: 10.1039/D0CP03372C.

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The Effect Of Alcalase Concentration On The Proteins From The Shells Of Litopenaeus Setiferus (White Shrimp), Liam T. Quan Jan 2021

The Effect Of Alcalase Concentration On The Proteins From The Shells Of Litopenaeus Setiferus (White Shrimp), Liam T. Quan

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

Chitin is a naturally abundant polymer that also happens to be biodegradable. Chitin can be used in a variety of different products such as biodegradable plastics, papers, medical products, foods, and medical treatments. To extract chitin, shells must be demineralized and deproteinized. The goal of this experiment was to examine the effect of the protease Alcalase in the deproteinization of litopenaeus setiferus shells. The hypothesis was that if the concentration of Alcalase increased, then the absorbance of proteins in the spectrophotometer reading would increase. The null hypothesis was that if the concentration increased there would be no change in absorption. …

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Self-Assembled Thermoresponsive Nanogel From Grafted Hyaluronic Acid As A Biocompatible Delivery Platform For Curcumin With Enhanced Drug Loading And Biological Activities, Jittima Amie Luckanagul, Pahweenvaj Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket, Chawanphat Muangnoi, Pranee Rojsitthisak, Qian Wang, Pornchai Rojsitthisak Jan 2021

Self-Assembled Thermoresponsive Nanogel From Grafted Hyaluronic Acid As A Biocompatible Delivery Platform For Curcumin With Enhanced Drug Loading And Biological Activities, Jittima Amie Luckanagul, Pahweenvaj Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket, Chawanphat Muangnoi, Pranee Rojsitthisak, Qian Wang, Pornchai Rojsitthisak

Faculty Publications

A hyaluronic acid-grafted poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (HA-pNIPAM) was synthesized as a polymeric nanogel platform for encapsulation and delivery of hydrophobic bioactive compounds using curcumin as a model drug. As demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering techniques, the HA-pNIPAM was simply assembled into spherical nano-sized particles with the thermoresponsive behavior. The success of curcumin aqueous solubilization was confirmed by fluorescent spectroscopy. The resulting nanogel formulation enhanced the aqueous solubility and uptake into NIH-3T3 cells of curcumin. This nanogel formulation also demonstrates cytocompatibility against NIH-3T3 cells, which deems it safe as a delivery vehicle. Moreover, the formulation has a slight skin-protection …

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The Supercam Instrument Suite On The Nasa Mars 2020 Rover: Body Unit And Combined System Tests, Roger C. Wiens, Sylvestre Maurice, Scott H. Robinson, Anthony E. Nelson, Philippe Cais, Pernelle Bernardi, Raymond T. Newell, Sam Clegg, Shiv K. Sharma, Steven Storms, Jonathan Deming, Darrel Beckman, Ann M. Ollila, Olivier Gasnault, Ryan B. Anderson, Yves André, Stanley M. Angel, Gorka Arana, Elizabeth Auden, Pierre Beck, Et. Al. Dec 2020

The Supercam Instrument Suite On The Nasa Mars 2020 Rover: Body Unit And Combined System Tests, Roger C. Wiens, Sylvestre Maurice, Scott H. Robinson, Anthony E. Nelson, Philippe Cais, Pernelle Bernardi, Raymond T. Newell, Sam Clegg, Shiv K. Sharma, Steven Storms, Jonathan Deming, Darrel Beckman, Ann M. Ollila, Olivier Gasnault, Ryan B. Anderson, Yves André, Stanley M. Angel, Gorka Arana, Elizabeth Auden, Pierre Beck, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The SuperCam instrument suite provides the Mars 2020 rover, Perseverance, with a number of versatile remote-sensing techniques that can be used at long distance as well as within the robotic-arm workspace. These include laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), remote time-resolved Raman and luminescence spectroscopies, and visible and infrared (VISIR; separately referred to as VIS and IR) reflectance spectroscopy. A remote micro-imager (RMI) provides high-resolution color context imaging, and a microphone can be used as a stand-alone tool for environmental studies or to determine physical properties of rocks and soils from shock waves of laser-produced plasmas. SuperCam is built in three parts: …

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Chloramination Of Iopamidol- And Bromide-Spiked Waters Containing Natural Organic Matter, Nana Osei B Ackerson, Hannah K. Liberatore, Susan D. Richardson, Micheal J. Plewa, Thomas A. Ternes, Stephen E. Duirk Nov 2020

Chloramination Of Iopamidol- And Bromide-Spiked Waters Containing Natural Organic Matter, Nana Osei B Ackerson, Hannah K. Liberatore, Susan D. Richardson, Micheal J. Plewa, Thomas A. Ternes, Stephen E. Duirk

Faculty Publications

Iopamidol (an iodinated X-ray contrast medium) and bromide are precursors in the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The interactions of these precursors are vital to elucidate the formation of halogenated DBPs during chloramination. This work investigated the formation of total organic halogen and select individual DBPs in two laboratory-chloraminated source waters containing iopamidol and bromide. Experiments were carried out in batch reactors containing Barberton source water (BSW) and Cleveland BSW (CSW), spiked with iopamidol (5 mu M), bromide (15 mu M), and 100 mu M monochloramine. Total organic iodine concentrations were approximately equal regardless of source water since they …

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Natalia Shustova Answers Questions About 15 Years Of Research On Covalent Organic Frameworks, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr. Nov 2020

Natalia Shustova Answers Questions About 15 Years Of Research On Covalent Organic Frameworks, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Heterometallic Multinuclear Nodes Directing Mof Electronic Behavior, Otega A. Ejegbavwo, Anna A. Berseneva, Corey R. Martin, Gabrielle A. Leith, Shubham Pandey, Amy J. Brandt, Kyoung Chul Park, Abhijai Mathur, Sharfa Farzandh, Vladislav V. Klepov, Brittany J. Heiser, Mvs Chandrashekhar, Stavros G. Karakalos, Mark D. Smith, Simon R. Phillpot, Sophya Garashchuk, Donna A. Chen, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr. Jun 2020

Heterometallic Multinuclear Nodes Directing Mof Electronic Behavior, Otega A. Ejegbavwo, Anna A. Berseneva, Corey R. Martin, Gabrielle A. Leith, Shubham Pandey, Amy J. Brandt, Kyoung Chul Park, Abhijai Mathur, Sharfa Farzandh, Vladislav V. Klepov, Brittany J. Heiser, Mvs Chandrashekhar, Stavros G. Karakalos, Mark D. Smith, Simon R. Phillpot, Sophya Garashchuk, Donna A. Chen, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr.

Faculty Publications

Metal node engineering in combination with modularity, topological diversity, and porosity of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) could advance energy and optoelectronic sectors. In this study, we focus on MOFs with multinuclear heterometallic nodes for establishing metal−property trends, i.e., connecting atomic scale changes with macroscopic material properties by utilization of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, conductivity measurements, X-ray photoelectron and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies, and density functional theory calculations. The results of Bader charge analysis and studies employing the Voronoi–Dirichlet partition of crystal structures are also presented. As an example of frameworks with different nodal arrangements, we have chosen MOFs with mononuclear, …

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A Highly Elastic And Fatigue-Resistant Natural Protein-Reinforced Hydrogel Electrolyte For Reversible-Compressible Quasi-Solid-State Supercapacitors, Jingya Nan, Gaitong Zhang, Tianyu Zhu, Zhongkai Wang, Lijun Wang, Hongsheng Wang, Fuxiang Chu, Chunpeng Wang, Chuanbing Tang Jun 2020

A Highly Elastic And Fatigue-Resistant Natural Protein-Reinforced Hydrogel Electrolyte For Reversible-Compressible Quasi-Solid-State Supercapacitors, Jingya Nan, Gaitong Zhang, Tianyu Zhu, Zhongkai Wang, Lijun Wang, Hongsheng Wang, Fuxiang Chu, Chunpeng Wang, Chuanbing Tang

Faculty Publications

Compressible solid-state supercapacitors are emerging as promising power sources for next-generation flexible electronics with enhanced safety and mechanical integrity. Highly elastic and compressible solid electrolytes are in great demand to achieve reversible compressibility and excellent capacitive stability of these supercapacitor devices. Here, a lithium ion-conducting hydrogel electrolyte by integrating natural protein nanoparticles into polyacrylamide network is reported. Due to the synergistic effect of natural protein nanoparticles and polyacrylamide chains, the obtained hydrogel shows remarkable elasticity, high compressibility, and fatigue resistance properties. More significantly, the supercapacitor device based on this hydrogel electrolyte exhibits reversible compressibility under multiple cyclic compressions, working well …

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A Broadly Distributed, Novel Class Of Diiron Enzymes Involved In Para-Aminobenzoate Synthesis, Joseph M. Zambelas Apr 2020

A Broadly Distributed, Novel Class Of Diiron Enzymes Involved In Para-Aminobenzoate Synthesis, Joseph M. Zambelas

Senior Theses

The overall structure and ligand arrangement of diiron enzymes influence their function and catalytic potential, allowing for them to catalyze an expansive breadth of high energy transformations. The diiron enzyme CADD from Chlamydia trachomatis is involved in a novel biosynthetic pathway for p-aminobenzoic acid (pABA), a precursor for tetrahydrofolate. The unique ligand structure and reactivity of CADD and homolog NE1434 provide an intriguing means to contrast structure function relationships with other known diiron enzymes that activate dioxygen. In this work, studies of CADD and NE1434 orthologs and comparison to other diiron enzymes reveal several sequence motifs that are likely critical …

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Rompi-Cdsa: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Induced Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly Of Metallo-Block Copolymers, Ye Sha, Md Anisur Rahman, Tianyu Zhu, Yujin Cha, C Wayne Mcalister, Chuanbing Tang Sep 2019

Rompi-Cdsa: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Induced Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly Of Metallo-Block Copolymers, Ye Sha, Md Anisur Rahman, Tianyu Zhu, Yujin Cha, C Wayne Mcalister, Chuanbing Tang

Faculty Publications

Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) are among the most prevailing methods for block copolymer self-assembly. Taking the merits of scalability of PISA and dimension control of CDSA, we report one-pot synchronous PISA and CDSA ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to prepare nano-objects based on a crystalline poly(ruthenocene) motif. We denote this self-assembly methodology as ROMPI-CDSA to enable a simple, yet robust approach for the preparation of functional nanomaterials.

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