Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Molecular Biology (169)
- Microbiology (73)
- Biotechnology (32)
- Biochemistry (30)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (17)
-
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (12)
- Cell and Developmental Biology (11)
- Chemistry (11)
- Cancer Biology (7)
- Cell Biology (6)
- Diseases (6)
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience (5)
- Neuroscience and Neurobiology (5)
- Anatomy (3)
- Biophysics (3)
- Other Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (3)
- Plant Sciences (3)
- Structural Biology (3)
- Virus Diseases (3)
- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment (2)
- Arts and Humanities (2)
- Bioinformatics (2)
- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering (2)
- Cardiovascular System (2)
- Chemicals and Drugs (2)
- Education (2)
- Engineering (2)
- Genetics and Genomics (2)
- Keyword
-
- Apoptosis (6)
- Crohn's disease (5)
- Academic (4)
- Cholera toxin (4)
- Aptamer (3)
-
- Borrelia burgdorferi (3)
- Cerium oxide nanoparticles (3)
- Gene expression (3)
- MAP (3)
- Malaria (3)
- Mitophagy (3)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (3)
- Oxidative stress (3)
- Vldl (3)
- APP (2)
- Academic -- Medicine (2)
- Alzheimer's (2)
- Alzheimer's disease (2)
- Amyloid beta (2)
- Angiogenesis (2)
- Biochemistry (2)
- Bioinformatics (2)
- Bmp 7 (2)
- Breast cancer (2)
- Cardiomyopathy (2)
- Chloroplast (2)
- Chloroplast transformation (2)
- Cholera (2)
- Cholesterol (2)
- DNA (2)
- Publication Year
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 61 - 90 of 198
Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
Melatonin And Neurogenesis: A Comparative Study Of The Efficacy Of Melatonin, Its Precursors, And L-Dopa On Neural Stem Cell Metabolism In Human Adult Neurospheres, Omar Heriba
HIM 1990-2015
Human neurosphere stem cells offer promising potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Their well characterized multi-potency of differentiating into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes when exposed to the optimum exogenous growth factors make them an exciting area of study (38). Finding novel endogenous methods of modulating stem cell metabolism will allow for the safer treatment of various brain disorders (34). In this experiment, melatonin, N-acetylserotonin, L-tryptophan, and L-DOPA are added in three different concentrations to neurospheres suspended in HNSC/GBM media with less than optimal concentrations of exogenous epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). The alamarBlue assay (resazurin) …
Using The Yeast Two-Hybrid System To Determine The Function Of Parkin E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Vanessa Nguyen
Using The Yeast Two-Hybrid System To Determine The Function Of Parkin E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Vanessa Nguyen
HIM 1990-2015
Parkin is a cytosolic E3 ubiquitin ligase that is recruited to the mitochondria during cellular stress and has been suggested to be involved in a variety of biological processes such as mitophagy. The recruitment of Parkin (PARK2) to the mitochondria is dependent upon the kinase activity and the accumulation of PINK1 on damaged mitochondria. Mutations in either PINK1 or Parkin genes disrupt this protective pathway and lead to the accumulation of damaged mitochondria. From a clinical standpoint, mutations in the PARK2 gene have been associated with the progression and onset of autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. Without the presence of a …
In Vitro Selection Of Dna Aptamers Against Prostate Cancer Peptide Biomarkers, Elif Kuguoglu
In Vitro Selection Of Dna Aptamers Against Prostate Cancer Peptide Biomarkers, Elif Kuguoglu
HIM 1990-2015
This project is aimed toward finding DNA aptamers against prostate cancer peptide antigens. DNA aptamers can function to find and indicate the presence of certain molecules in a specimen. These aptamers will be obtained through the process of evolutionary selection, a specific process called SELEX which stands for Systemic Evolution of Ligands by Experimental Enrichment. By conducting several rounds of SELEX, a DNA aptamer will be selected to bind to a known peptide antigen. A biotinylated column will be utilized to stabilize a random library of DNA aptamers, and those peptides that bind to certain aptamers will cause a conformational …
Understanding The Role Of A Hemerythrin-Like Protein In Mycobacterium Tumerculosis, Caitlyn Herndon
Understanding The Role Of A Hemerythrin-Like Protein In Mycobacterium Tumerculosis, Caitlyn Herndon
HIM 1990-2015
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 8 million people each year are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) leading to 1.5 million deaths annually. This staggering number calls for advancements in understanding this bacterium so progress can be made in treating and preventing the disease. It is particularly important to understand mechanisms by which TB survives inside hostile host immune cells known as macrophages and within hypoxic granuloma lesions of the lung. Preliminary microarray data has shown that a TB gene known as Rv2633c is induced upon macrophage invasion. Bioinformatic analysis of Rv2633c coding sequence shows the …
The Role Of Intestinal Sweet Taste Receptors (Strs) In The Regulation Of Glucose Absorption: Effects Of Short Term High Sucrose Diet (Hsd), Tania Hussain
HIM 1990-2015
Sweet taste receptors are primarily found in the oral cavity of the mammalian species. However, recent studies have shown that sweet taste receptors can be found in extraoral tissues such as the pancreas, intestines, and adipose tissue. Our lab has previously found that sweet taste receptors are down-regulated on the pancreas in the presence of high plasma glucose levels. In order to assess the possibility that sweet taste receptors respond to high levels of glucose by suppressing its expression, we wanted to see if they reacted similarly on the intestines. We found that intestinal sweet taste receptors are down regulated …
Purification And Characterization Of A Novel Selenocysteine Lyase From Enterococcus Faecalis, Samantha Nelson
Purification And Characterization Of A Novel Selenocysteine Lyase From Enterococcus Faecalis, Samantha Nelson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A previous study identified Enterococcus faecalis as one of two bacteria known to have the selD gene and other selenium related genes without having the genes necessary to make selenocysteine or selenouridine. EF2570, a gene in the cluster, was later shown to be upregulated during biofilm formation and also responsible for a selenite- and molybdate-dependent increase in biofilm formation in vitro. The protein encoded was identified as a selenium dependent molybdenum hydroxylase (SDMH), enzymes that contain a labile selenium atom required for activity. While the process of inserting selenocysteine into a protein is well known, the process by which a …
The Anti-Toxin Properties Of Grape Seed Phenolic Compounds, Patrick Cherubin
The Anti-Toxin Properties Of Grape Seed Phenolic Compounds, Patrick Cherubin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ricinus communis, Shigella dysentariae, and Vibrio cholerae produce AB toxins which share the same basic structural characteristics: a catalytic A subunit attached to a cell-binding B subunit. All AB toxins have cytosolic targets despite an initial extracellular location. AB toxins use different methods to reach the cytosol and have different effects on the target cell. Broad-spectrum inhibitors against these toxins are therefore hard to develop because they use different surface receptors, entry mechanisms, enzyme activities, and cytosolic targets. We have found that grape seed extract provides resistance to five different AB toxins: diphtheria toxin (DT), P. …
Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance And Immunomodulation By Hiv-1 Gp41, Matthew Wood
Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance And Immunomodulation By Hiv-1 Gp41, Matthew Wood
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fusion inhibitors are a class of antiretroviral drugs used to prevent entry of HIV into host cells. Many of the fusion inhibitors being developed, including the drug enfuvirtide (ENF), are peptides designed to mimic, and thereby competitively inhibit, the viral fusion protein gp41. An exception to this is a class of cyclic, cationic, antimicrobial peptides known as θ-defensins, which are produced by many non-human primates and exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral and antibacterial activity. Currently, the θ-defensin analog RC-101 is being developed as a microbicide to prevent sexual transmission of HIV-1. Understanding potential RC-101 resistance, and how resistance to other fusion inhibitors …
Role Of Cardiac Catecholamines In Embryos And Adults Under Stress, Candice Baker
Role Of Cardiac Catecholamines In Embryos And Adults Under Stress, Candice Baker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease is responsible for the loss of one life every 38 seconds and accounts for 26.6 percent of all infants that die of congenital birth defects. Adrenergic hormones are critically important regulators of cardiovascular physiology in embryos and adults. They are key mediators of stress responses and have profound stimulatory effects on cardiovascular function, and dysregulation of adrenergic function has been associated with many adverse cardiac conditions, including congenital malformations, arrhythmias, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Despite intensive study, the specific roles these hormones play in the developing heart is not well-understood. Further, there is …
In Vitro Characterization Of Unmodified And Pyroglutamylated Alzheimer's Amyloid Beta Peptide, Jason Matos
In Vitro Characterization Of Unmodified And Pyroglutamylated Alzheimer's Amyloid Beta Peptide, Jason Matos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plaques of amyloid β peptide (Aβ) are a hallmark trait of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the precise role of Aβ aggregates is not well understood. Recent studies have identified that naturally occurring N-terminal truncation and pyroglutamylation of Aβ significantly increases its neurotoxicity by an unknown mechanism. Content of pyroglutamylated Aβ (pE-Aβ) in AD brains has been shown to reach up to 50% of total Aβ. Modified pE-Aβ co-aggregates with Aβ by a seeding mechanism and forms structurally distinct and highly toxic oligomers. We studied structural transitions of the full-length Aβ1-42, its pyroglutamylated form AβpE3-42, their 9:1 (Aβ1-42/AβpE3-42) and 1:1 molar …
Establishment Of Methods For Isolation Of Pnmt+ Cardiac Progenitor Cells, Namita Varudkar
Establishment Of Methods For Isolation Of Pnmt+ Cardiac Progenitor Cells, Namita Varudkar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Millions of patients suffer each year from endothelial dysfunction and/or debilitating myocardial damage resulting in decreased quality of life and increased risk of death or disablement. Current pharmacological approaches are only partly effective at treating cardiovascular disease, and hence, better strategies are needed to provide significant improvements in treatment options. Cardiac stem/progenitor cells have the potential to regenerate myocardial tissue and repair damaged heart muscle. There are many different types of cardiac progenitor cells, and each may have certain unique properties and characteristics that would likely be useful …
Genetic And Biochemical Characterization Of The Roles Of Two Putative Purine Transporters In The Infectious Cycle Of Borrelia Burgdorferi, Sunny Jain
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Lyme disease, the most common tick borne disease in United States, is caused by the bacterial pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi. In nature, B. burgdorferi exists in an enzootic infectious cycle between an arthropod vector and mammalian hosts. Identification and characterization of the genes essential for B. burgdorferi survival throughout its infectious cycle is an important step toward understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in B. burgdorferi pathogenesis. B. burgdorferi contains a small genome, which lacks the genes encoding for the enzymes required for de novo synthesis of amino acids, fatty acids and nucleic acid precursors. Therefore, the spirochete is dependent upon the …
Validation Of A Novel Hypothesis Of Generating Foam Cells By Its Use To Study Reverse Cholesterol Transport, Bhaswati Sengupta
Validation Of A Novel Hypothesis Of Generating Foam Cells By Its Use To Study Reverse Cholesterol Transport, Bhaswati Sengupta
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Generation of foam cells, an essential step for reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) studies, uses the technique of receptor dependent macrophage loading with radiolabeled acetylated Low Density Lipoprotein (Ac-LDL). In this study, we used the ability of a biologically relevant detergent molecule, Lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso PtdCho), to form mixed micelles with cholesterol or cholesteryl ester (CE) to generate macrophage foam cells. Fluorescent or radiolabelled cholesterol / Lyso PtdCho mixed micelles were prepared and incubated with RAW 264.7 or mouse peritoneal macrophages. Results showed that such micelles were quite stable at 4°C and retained the solubilized cholesterol during one month storage. Macrophages incubated …
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Their Phosphatase Activity And Its Control, Atul Dhall
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Their Phosphatase Activity And Its Control, Atul Dhall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cerium oxide nanoparticles are established scavengers of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. They have many potential biomedical applications that depend on their physicochemical properties and mode of preparation. Recent studies have found these nanoparticles possess phosphatase mimetic activity. Studying such catalytic activities will qualify their biomedical applications and render information on their bioavailability and potential toxicity. Two oxidation states of cerium exist in these nanoparticles (3+ or 4+). It is hypothesized that the oxidation state of cerium in the nanoparticles determines the amount of adsorbed water on the crystal lattices. This in turn governs their activity as phosphatases. Nanoparticles with …
Modulation Of Cholera Toxin Structure And Function By Host Proteins, Helen Burress
Modulation Of Cholera Toxin Structure And Function By Host Proteins, Helen Burress
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cholera toxin (CT) moves from the cell surface to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where the catalytic CTA1 subunit separates from the holotoxin and unfolds due to its intrinsic thermal instability. Unfolded CTA1 then moves through an ER translocon pore to reach its cytosolic target. Due to the instability of CTA1, it must be actively refolded in the cytosol to achieve the proper conformation for modification of its G protein target. The cytosolic heat shock protein Hsp90 is involved with the ER-to-cytosol translocation of CTA1, yet the mechanistic role of Hsp90 in CTA1 translocation remains unknown. Potential post-translocation roles for Hsp90 …
The Glycine And Proline Reductase Systems: An Evolutionary Perspective And Presence In Enterobacteriaceae, Joshua Witt
The Glycine And Proline Reductase Systems: An Evolutionary Perspective And Presence In Enterobacteriaceae, Joshua Witt
HIM 1990-2015
The Glycine and Proline Reduction systems are two of the best characterized selenoenzymes in bacteria and have been found to occur in a wide variety of clostridia [1-5]. These enzymes are utilized to reduce glycine or D-proline to obtain energy via substrate level phosporylation or membrane gradients, respectively [6, 7]. This includes the pathogens C. difficile and C. botulinum [5, 8]. Strains of C. difficile are activate toxigenic pathways whenever either of these pathways is active within the cell [5, 8]. Though evolutionary studies have been conducted on ammonia producing bacteria [9] none has been done to directly characterize these …
The Effects Of Growth Hormone And Thyroxine Treatment On The Insulin Signaling Of Female Ames Dwarf Mouse Skeletal Muscle Tissue, Andrew Do
HIM 1990-2015
Ames dwarf (df/df) mice are deficient in anterior pituitary hormones: growth hormone (GH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and prolactin (PRL) due to a spontaneous, homozygous mutation of prop1[superscript df] gene. These dwarf mice exhibit characteristics such as delayed growth and development coupled with delayed aging, increased lifespan, overall increased insulin sensitivity, as well as resistance to certain diseases and cancers. The mutant mice possess low blood glucose, low serum insulin, and lower body temperature. Their enhanced longevity (about 40-60% longer lifespan than normal mice) is associated with their GH deficiency and disruption in the somatotropic axis (GH/IGF-1 hormonal pathway) as …
Manipulating Aktivated Metabolism Via Mtorc1, Ivan Von Hack Prestinary
Manipulating Aktivated Metabolism Via Mtorc1, Ivan Von Hack Prestinary
HIM 1990-2015
Although poorly understood, normal cells and cancerous cells of the same type exhibit different patterns of nutrient consumption, processing and utility of metabolic substrates. Differences in substrate uptake, preference, and alternately emphasized metabolic pathways offer opportunities for selective targeting of cancer versus stroma. This may be accomplished by using a sequential approach of nutrient deprivation and pharmaceutical perturbation of metabolic pathways to inhibit cellular proliferation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of restricting glucose and glutamine concentrations, in vitro, to levels that resemble a potential human fasting state. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a mediator …
Cholera Toxin Activates The Unfolded Protein Response Through An Adenylate Cyclase-Independent Mechanism, Neyda Vanbennekom
Cholera Toxin Activates The Unfolded Protein Response Through An Adenylate Cyclase-Independent Mechanism, Neyda Vanbennekom
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cholera toxin (CT) is a bacterial protein toxin responsible for the gastrointestinal disease known as cholera. CT stimulates its own entry into intestinal cells after binding to cell surface receptors. Once internalized, CT is delivered via vesicle-mediated transport to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where the CTA1 subunit dissociates from the rest of the toxin and is exported (or translocated) into the cytosol. CTA1 translocates from the ER lumen into the host cytosol by exploiting a host quality control mechanism called ER-associated degradation (ERAD) that facilitates the translocation of misfolded proteins into the cytosol for degradation. Cytosolic CTA1, however, escapes this …
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 Attenuates Inflammation And Apoptosis And Improves Cardiac Function In Diabetes, Princess Urbina
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 Attenuates Inflammation And Apoptosis And Improves Cardiac Function In Diabetes, Princess Urbina
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 (BMP-7) belongs to the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family of cytokines has is known to have potent anti-inflammatory properties. It has been used in patients to treat osteoporosis clinically and has been reported to treat diabetic nephropathy in murine models. Moreover, studies show that inflammation is up-regulated in patients with pre-diabetes (PD). We, therefore, hypothesize that the administration of BMP-7 will attenuate inflammation in the heart of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced PD mice. In this study, we divided C57Bl/6 mice into three groups: CONTROL, PD, and PD+BMP-7. CONTROL mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of Sodium Citrate Buffer while PD …
Identification Of Potential Lead Antimalarial Compounds From Marine Microbial Extracts, Abigail Carbonell
Identification Of Potential Lead Antimalarial Compounds From Marine Microbial Extracts, Abigail Carbonell
HIM 1990-2015
Malaria, caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, has a long history as a global health threat. The vector-borne disease causes millions of deaths yearly, especially in developing countries with tropical climates that facilitate transmission. Compounding the problem is the emergence of drug-resistant strains due to overuse of outdated treatments. New compounds with antiplasmodial activity are needed to be developed as effective drugs against malaria. The hypothesis for this project is that marine microorganisms have a high likelihood of yielding novel antiplasmodial chemotypes because of their high diversity, which has not yet been explored for antimalarial development. In this project, microbes …
Screening Of Quantum Dots For Toxicity On The Growth And Viability Of Escherichia Coli, Jeremy Tharkur
Screening Of Quantum Dots For Toxicity On The Growth And Viability Of Escherichia Coli, Jeremy Tharkur
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Heavy metal (HM) containing quantum dots (Qdots) are increasingly used in commercial products due to their unique electronic, optoelectronic, optical and magnetic properties. Once disposed to the landfill, environmental weathering is likely to compromise HM Qdot integrity, leading to release of heavy metal ions. To minimize any negative environmental impact of HM Qdots, there is an increasing demand for developing HM free or environmentally-friendly surface modified HM Qdot alternatives. In this study, synthesis of HM free ZnS:Mn/ZnS and surface modified HM CdS:Mn/ZnS Qdots (using N-acetylcysteine, NAC, and Dihydrolipoic acid, DHLA) and their potential toxicity assessment using E. coli as a …
Expression Of An Epitope Tagged Tarp Effector In Chlamydia Trachomatis, Brenda Nguyen
Expression Of An Epitope Tagged Tarp Effector In Chlamydia Trachomatis, Brenda Nguyen
HIM 1990-2015
Previous studies performed on Chlamydia trachomatis have demonstrated how these obligate intracellular microbes invade host cells through the utilization of secreted effector proteins. One secreted effector called Tarp (translocated actin recruiting protein) is implicated in cytoskeleton rearrangements that promote bacterial entry into the host cell. The focus of our study is to create a plasmid that carries the tarP gene that when transcribed and translated from within Chlamydia trachomatis will generate a c-Myc epitope tagged Tarp. The tag will be used in future studies to track the progression of the protein through the infectious process and will allow us to …
Development Of An Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter System For Use In The Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia Burgdorferi, Selina Sutchu
Development Of An Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter System For Use In The Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia Burgdorferi, Selina Sutchu
HIM 1990-2015
The use of the periplasmic alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) reporter protein from E. coli has been critical for definition of the topology of transmembrane proteins of multiple bacterial species. This report demonstrates development of a PhoA reporter system in B. burgdorferi. Codon usage of the E. coli phoA in B. burgdorferi was analyzed and an optimized version of the gene was obtained. In order to assess the differential activity of the reporter system, two optimized PhoA-fusion construct using B. burgdorferi proteins were engineered: one using the periplasmic protein OppAIV and one using the cytoplasmic protein PncA. The activity of PhoA requires …
Understanding The Role Of Plasmodium Falciparum Vamp8 Snare Homologue, Katherine Ferreira
Understanding The Role Of Plasmodium Falciparum Vamp8 Snare Homologue, Katherine Ferreira
HIM 1990-2015
Malaria is one of the worlds most deadly infectious diseases and results in almost a million deaths each year, largely in children under the age of five in Sub-Saharan Africa. Outside Africa, malaria is responsible for a large number of cases in the Amazon rainforest of Brazil, Middle East, and in some areas of Asia [37]. According to the World Health Organization, there was an estimated 655, 000 deaths from malaria in 2012. Malaria is caused by a eukaryotic Apicomplexan parasite, Plasmodium, which has three distinct life cycles occurring in the midgut of the female Anopheles mosquito, the liver of …
Target Validation For Neurofibromatosis Type 2 Therapeutics., Alejandra Guinart
Target Validation For Neurofibromatosis Type 2 Therapeutics., Alejandra Guinart
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a benign tumor disease of the nervous system. Development of bilateral vestibular schwannomas is characteristic of NF2; however patients frequently present schwannomas on other nerves, as well as meningiomas and ependymomas. Currently, there are no drug therapies for NF2. There is an urgent need for development of NF2 therapeutics and this dissertation presents two independent potential therapeutic targets. The disease is caused by mutations in the NF2 gene that encodes a tumor suppressor called merlin. Loss of merlin function is associated with increased activity of Rac and p21-activated kinases (PAK) and deregulation of cytoskeletal organization. …
Characterization Of Innate Immunity In The Female Reproductive Tract For The Prevention Of Hiv Acquisition, Colleen Eade
Characterization Of Innate Immunity In The Female Reproductive Tract For The Prevention Of Hiv Acquisition, Colleen Eade
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects 30 million people worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, the region most affected by HIV, women comprise 60% of the infected population. Heterosexual transmission is a major mode of viral acquisition, mandating further research of the process and prevention of HIV acquisition via the female reproductive tract (FRT). The FRT is a dynamic environment, protected by host immune mechanisms and commensal microbes. The disruption of either of these elements can increase susceptibility to HIV. Accordingly, one common risk factor for HIV acquisition is the microbial shift condition known as bacterial vaginosis (BV), which is characterized by the …
Molecular Regulators Of Post-Golgi Vldl Transport Vesicle (Pg-Vtv) Biogenesis, Aladdin Riad
Molecular Regulators Of Post-Golgi Vldl Transport Vesicle (Pg-Vtv) Biogenesis, Aladdin Riad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Amongst its numerous functions, the liver is responsible for the synthesis and secretion of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). VLDL particles play the important role of facilitating the transport of lipids within the aqueous environment of the plasma; yet high plasma concentrations of these particles result in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, while low VLDL secretion from the liver results in hepatic steatosis. VLDL synthesis in the hepatocyte is completed in the Golgi apparatus, which serves as the final site of VLDL maturation prior to its secretion to the bloodstream. The mechanism by which VLDL’s targeted transport to the plasma membrane is …
Identification Of Proteins Regulating Vldl Sorting Into The Vldl Transport Vesicle (Vtv) And Involved In The Biogenesis Of The Vtv, Samata Tiwari
Identification Of Proteins Regulating Vldl Sorting Into The Vldl Transport Vesicle (Vtv) And Involved In The Biogenesis Of The Vtv, Samata Tiwari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Increased secretion of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, by the liver causes hypertriglyceridemia, which is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. The rate of VLDL-secretion from the liver is determined by its controlled transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi. The ER-to-Golgi transport of newly synthesized VLDL is a complex multi-step process and is mediated by the VLDL transport vesicle (VTV). Once a nascent VLDL particle is synthesized in the lumen of the ER, it triggers the process of VTV-biogenesis and this process requires coat complex II (COPII) proteins that mediate the formation …
Role Of Host Immune Response And Bacterial Autolysin Atl In Human Nasal Colonization By Staphylococcus Aureus, Vanathy Paramanandam
Role Of Host Immune Response And Bacterial Autolysin Atl In Human Nasal Colonization By Staphylococcus Aureus, Vanathy Paramanandam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a major human pathogen that colonizes the anterior nares in 30% of the human population. Though nasal carriage of SA is a known risk factor for the subsequent spread of SA infections, the dynamics of SA nasal colonization is poorly understood. Our research focuses on understanding the host and bacterial factors that might contribute to the human nasal colonization by SA. In an attempt to elucidate the host response to SA, we performed an autologous human in vivo nasal colonization study, which showed decreased survival rates of SA in hosts who elicited a robust immune response. …