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2021

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Articles 391 - 420 of 425

Full-Text Articles in Zoology

Detection Of Two Dissimilar Chronic Wasting Disease Isolates In Two Captive Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Canadensis) Herds: Two Distinctive Chronic Wasting Disease Isolates Identified In Captive Elk, Tracy A. Nichols, Eric M. Nicholson, Yihui Liu, Wanyin Tao, Terry R. Spraker, Michael Lavelle, Justin W. Fischer, Qingzhong Kong, Kurt C. Vercauteren Jan 2021

Detection Of Two Dissimilar Chronic Wasting Disease Isolates In Two Captive Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Canadensis) Herds: Two Distinctive Chronic Wasting Disease Isolates Identified In Captive Elk, Tracy A. Nichols, Eric M. Nicholson, Yihui Liu, Wanyin Tao, Terry R. Spraker, Michael Lavelle, Justin W. Fischer, Qingzhong Kong, Kurt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) continues to spread in both wild and captive cervid herds in North America and has now been identified in wild reindeer and moose in Norway, Finland and Sweden. There is limited knowledge about the variety and characteristics of isolates or strains of CWD that exist in the landscape and their implications on wild and captive cervid herds. In this study, we evaluated brain samples from two captive elk herds that had differing prevalence, history and timelines of CWD incidence. Site 1 had a 16-year history of CWD with a consistently low prevalence between 5% and 10%. …

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Environmental Dna For Conservation, Antoinette J. Piaggio Jan 2021

Environmental Dna For Conservation, Antoinette J. Piaggio

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Biodiversity must be documented before it can be conserved. However, it may be difficult to document species with few individuals (Thompson, 2013; Goldberg et al., 2016), thus it requires a multitude of tools to detect species that occur in low numbers or are elusive (see the various chapters in this volume). One tool that has become useful for conservation efforts utilizes environmental DNA, which is DNA shed into the environment by organisms (eDNA; Taberlet et al., 2018). Typically this involves taking environmental samples such as soil, water, air, or using biological surrogates for sampling biodiversity (e.g. leeches, sponges, carrion flies, …

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Allometric Regression Of Snake Body Length From Head Image Measurements, Shane R. Siers Jan 2021

Allometric Regression Of Snake Body Length From Head Image Measurements, Shane R. Siers

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

As in many fields of wildlife research and management, camera devices and photogrammetry have become an integral part of the toolkit for exploring otherwise‐unseen aspects of the biology, behavior, and control of the invasive brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) on Guam. Because brown treesnakes are cryptic and nocturnal, and nearly all aspects of their ecology are influenced by snake size, methods are needed to estimate snake size from images captured by infrared wildlife cameras. Unfortunately, it is difficult to capture images of an entire snake’s length at a controlled distance from a simple camera setup. Here, I describe the …

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Increased Abundance Of The Common Raven Within The Ranges Of Greater And Gunnison Sage-Grouse: Influence Of Anthropogenic Subsidies And Fire, Jonathan B. Dinkins, Lindsey R. Perry, Jeffrey L. Beck, Jimmy D. Taylor Jan 2021

Increased Abundance Of The Common Raven Within The Ranges Of Greater And Gunnison Sage-Grouse: Influence Of Anthropogenic Subsidies And Fire, Jonathan B. Dinkins, Lindsey R. Perry, Jeffrey L. Beck, Jimmy D. Taylor

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The common raven (Corvus corax; raven) is native to North America and has increased in abundance, especially throughout western North America, during the last century. Human subsidies have facilitated raven dispersal into less suitable habitats and enabled these populations to maintain higher annual survival and reproduction. Concomitantly, overabundant raven populations are impacting other native at-risk species such as the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and potentially the Gunnison sage-grouse (C. minimus). Using Breeding Bird Survey data from 1995–2014, we evaluated raven count data to quantitatively describe changes in abundance and expansion into sagebrush ( …

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A Novel Technique To Improve Capture Success Of Common Ravens, Lindsey R. Perry, Terrah M. Owens, Zachary T. Slick, Jimmy Taylor, Jonathan B. Dinkins Jan 2021

A Novel Technique To Improve Capture Success Of Common Ravens, Lindsey R. Perry, Terrah M. Owens, Zachary T. Slick, Jimmy Taylor, Jonathan B. Dinkins

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Traditional trapping techniques for common ravens (Corvus corax; raven) require significant effort, often produce low capture rates, and cannot be used in some situations. We designed a 3-m noose pole to secure ravens from nocturnal roost locations while using a strobe spotlight to temporarily disorient them. We collected measures of trapping efficiency and contrasted them with padded leghold traps also used in the study. We effectively implemented our noose pole method in July and August of 2018, 2019, and 2020 in the Baker and Cow Lakes sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) Priority Areas of Conservation in eastern Oregon, USA, which yielded trapping …

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Will There Be Changes In Sexually Differentiated Behaviors In Mice Manipulated For The Sry Gene As They Mature Into Adultood?, Subin Joo Jan 2021

Will There Be Changes In Sexually Differentiated Behaviors In Mice Manipulated For The Sry Gene As They Mature Into Adultood?, Subin Joo

CMC Senior Theses

Sexually differentiated behavior has been shown to be affected by both genes and hormones. The discovery of the SRY gene, which codes for the development of testes, lead to the development of the Four Core Genotypes model of mice, and the separation of sex chromosomes and its resulting gonadal hormones. Using the FCG model, this study aims to look at the development of sexually differentiated behavior in mice, and track how it changes throughout their life. FCG mice will be divided into individual and social housing, and repeated experiments carried out to test their reaction to both intact female and …

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Population Genetics Of A Reintroduced Fisher (Pekania Pennanti) Population In West Virginia, Caroline E. Harms Jan 2021

Population Genetics Of A Reintroduced Fisher (Pekania Pennanti) Population In West Virginia, Caroline E. Harms

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fishers (Pekania pennanti) were reintroduced in West Virginia in 1969 with no population wide genetic analysis ever having been conducted. Genetic analysis of reintroduced populations is vital to assess genetic diversity as an indicative of population viability. My objective was to collect fisher samples throughout West Virginia, nearby states where fisher may be migrating (PA and NY), and the New Hampshire source population to provide a full genetic interpretation of the reintroduced West Virginia population. Genetic analysis was used to measure genetic diversity, admixture or delineation of subpopulations, and effective population size. Sample location and genetic data were …

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Effects Of Temperature And Duration Of Storage On The Hatching Behaviour Ofheterodera Latipons (Nematoda: Heteroderidae), Yi̇ği̇t Ali̇ Tatli, Refi̇k Bozbuğa, Göksel Özer, Fouad Mokrini, Rachid Lahlali, Abdelfattah Dababat, Mustafa İmren Jan 2021

Effects Of Temperature And Duration Of Storage On The Hatching Behaviour Ofheterodera Latipons (Nematoda: Heteroderidae), Yi̇ği̇t Ali̇ Tatli, Refi̇k Bozbuğa, Göksel Özer, Fouad Mokrini, Rachid Lahlali, Abdelfattah Dababat, Mustafa İmren

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Mediterranean cereal cyst nematode (CCN) Heterodera latipons is considered as one of the main CCN that causes significant economic losses in the production of intolerant cereal crops in Turkey. Accordingly, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of different storing temperatures and durations on the emergence of second-stage juveniles (J2s) of the nematode populations obtained from the eastern Mediterranean (Adana and Hatay) and south-eastern (Gaziantep and Kilis) regions of Turkey. The obtained results revealed a variation in the J2s hatching profiles of the regional nematode populations. The eastern-Mediterranean and the south-eastern populations hatched at between 5 and 20 °C; however, …

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Evaluation On Reducing Toxicity Of Fluoxastrobine With Doped Tio$_{2}$ Nanoparticles, Abbas Güngördü, Nesri̇n Özmen, Sema Erdemoğlu, Duygu Özhan Turhan, Meltem Asi̇ltürk, Emrah Akgeyi̇k, Murat Özmen Jan 2021

Evaluation On Reducing Toxicity Of Fluoxastrobine With Doped Tio$_{2}$ Nanoparticles, Abbas Güngördü, Nesri̇n Özmen, Sema Erdemoğlu, Duygu Özhan Turhan, Meltem Asi̇ltürk, Emrah Akgeyi̇k, Murat Özmen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, toxic effects caused by the degradation of fluoxastrobin, which is a commonly used fungicide where newly synthesized manganese or sulfur-doped TiO$_{2}$ nanoparticles exist were evaluated. The characterization study of nanoparticles was performed by scanning an electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry, Brunau-Emmet-Teller analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and UV-Vis (ultraviolet-visible) reflectance spectra. Subsequently, the photocatalytic performance of nanoparticles, their toxicity, and the photocatalytic degradation products of fluoxastrobin with the same nanoparticles were tested during the two development stages of Xenopus laevis. The LC$_{50}$s of fluoxastrobin were determined on test organisms, and a 5 mg L$^{-1}$ fluoxastrobin was selected to …

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Assessment Of The Zooplankton Community Structure Of The Coastal Uzungöl Lagoon(Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey) Based On Community Indices And Physicochemicalparameters, Ceren Deni̇z Özdemi̇r, Yasemi̇n Saygi, Ertunç Gündüz, Fatma Yildiz Demi̇rkalp, Çağaşan Karacaoğlu Jan 2021

Assessment Of The Zooplankton Community Structure Of The Coastal Uzungöl Lagoon(Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey) Based On Community Indices And Physicochemicalparameters, Ceren Deni̇z Özdemi̇r, Yasemi̇n Saygi, Ertunç Gündüz, Fatma Yildiz Demi̇rkalp, Çağaşan Karacaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The objective of this study is to provide information on the zooplankton community and physicochemical properties of Uzungöl Lagoon. Sampling studies were performed at monthly intervals for abiotic factors and community parameters between September 2015 and August 2016. The variations of zooplankton community were estimated using Shannon-Weiner diversity (H'), Pielou evenness (J), species richness (S), frequency, and dominancy indices. The relationship between environmental variables and community parameters were analyzed with Pearson?s correlation test and redundancy analysis (RDA). During the study, 39 species, most of which belonged to Rotifera, were recorded. The quantitative analysis indicated that most important fraction of zooplankton …

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A Contribution To The Biogeography And Taxonomy Of Two Anatolian Mountain Brooknewts, Neurergus Barani And N. Strauchii (Amphibia: Salamandridae) Using Ecologicalniche Modeling, Muammer Kurnaz, Mehmet Kürşat Şahi̇n Jan 2021

A Contribution To The Biogeography And Taxonomy Of Two Anatolian Mountain Brooknewts, Neurergus Barani And N. Strauchii (Amphibia: Salamandridae) Using Ecologicalniche Modeling, Muammer Kurnaz, Mehmet Kürşat Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The Anatolian newt, Neurergus strauchii, is an endemic Anatolian species. Until recently, N. strauchii was represented by three subspecies. It has been discussed within a recent phylogenetic study in which the subspecies N. s. barani is recommended to be evaluated as a cryptic but distinct species. To address this subject, we aimed to discuss the niche differentiation between N. barani and N. strauchii using geographical and bioclimatic aspects. All georeferenced data of N. barani and N. strauchii were used to estimate the potential distributions of these species in the Anatolian Peninsula. To evaluate their ecological niche differentiation, point-based analysis and …

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Do Castanea Sativa Wild Provenances Influence Dryocosmus Kuriphilus Yasumatsu(Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Infestations?, Mario Contarini, Luca Rossini, Romina Caccia, Silvia Morelli, Isacco Beritognolo, Muriel Gaudet, Fiorella Villani, Bruno Paparatti, Stefano Speranza Jan 2021

Do Castanea Sativa Wild Provenances Influence Dryocosmus Kuriphilus Yasumatsu(Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Infestations?, Mario Contarini, Luca Rossini, Romina Caccia, Silvia Morelli, Isacco Beritognolo, Muriel Gaudet, Fiorella Villani, Bruno Paparatti, Stefano Speranza

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW), Dryocosmus kuriphilus, native to China was accidentally introduced into many countries worldwide, including Italy. Different susceptibilities have been reported in literature among cultivated plants belonging to different gene pools worldwide, but this aspect has not been sufficiently explored among wild chestnut populations. The aims of this multiyear study were (i) to assess differences in susceptibility to ACGW in wild C. sativa plants coming from different parts of Europe grown in an experimental plot in Central Italy, (ii) to preliminarily analyse the relationships between temperature, relative humidity and rain variables of winter and summer and …

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Investigation Of The Effect Of Silymarin On Oxidative Dna Damageand Inflammatory Markers In Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuryfollowing Experimental Testicular Torsion/Detorsion In Rats, Saadet Belhan, Serkan Yildirim, Caner Kayikci, Ahmet Ufuk Kömüroğlu, Uğur Özdek, Yağmur Kuşcu Jan 2021

Investigation Of The Effect Of Silymarin On Oxidative Dna Damageand Inflammatory Markers In Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuryfollowing Experimental Testicular Torsion/Detorsion In Rats, Saadet Belhan, Serkan Yildirim, Caner Kayikci, Ahmet Ufuk Kömüroğlu, Uğur Özdek, Yağmur Kuşcu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The aim of the present study was to clarify the effects of silymarin on experimental testicular ischemia / reperfusion injury. A total of 40 Wistar albino rats (10-12 weeks of age, weighing 280-300 g) were randomly divided into five groups. Control group: No surgical procedures were performed. Torsion 3 h / detorsion 3 h group; torsion 3 h / detorsion 24 h group; torsion 3 h / detorsion 3 h + silymarin (250 mg/kg) group; and torsion 3 h / detorsion 24 h + silymarin (250 mg/kg) group. In the study, 720° torsion was applied to the left testicle. At …

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A Study On The Pupal Development Of Calliphora Vomitoria (L., 1758) (Calliphoridae: Diptera) At Different Temperatures, Osman Sert, Ceyda Ergi̇l Jan 2021

A Study On The Pupal Development Of Calliphora Vomitoria (L., 1758) (Calliphoridae: Diptera) At Different Temperatures, Osman Sert, Ceyda Ergi̇l

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the pupal development process of the Calliphora vomitoria (L. 1758), widely used in the estimation of postmortem time in forensic entomology, was examined. In the last decade, studies of the development periods in the pupal stage and the development times of these periods have increased around the world and specifically in Turkey. In this study, the aim was to detect the pupal development periods of the Calliphora vomitoria via a process of hourly pupal dissection, a process that would be the only one of its kind in the literature for this species. This method was repeated under …

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The Determination Some Biological Parameters Of Phenacoccus Madeirensis Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)) On Vegetable Plants, Mustafa Gökhan Bi̇lgi̇n, Asi̇me Fi̇li̇z Çalişkan Keçe, Mehmet Ri̇fat Ulusoy Jan 2021

The Determination Some Biological Parameters Of Phenacoccus Madeirensis Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)) On Vegetable Plants, Mustafa Gökhan Bi̇lgi̇n, Asi̇me Fi̇li̇z Çalişkan Keçe, Mehmet Ri̇fat Ulusoy

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study has been conducted to determine some biological parameters of the Phenacoccus madeirensis Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on four vegetable plants (7 different varieties); tomato (Hazera and Torry) ( Solanum lycopersicum L.), eggplant (Adana Topağı and Anamur) ( Solanum melongena L.), pepper (Safran and Zafer) ( Capsicum annuum L.), and Pepino (Minski) ( Solanum muricatum L.). Experiments were carried out in climate cabinets at 25 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 10% R.H., and 16L: 8D) in Plant Protection Department Nedim UYGUN Biological Control Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Çukurova University between 2017 and 2018. Life table data were analyzed by using …

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The Morphometric And Erythrometric Analyses Of Pelophylax Ridibundus Living In Anthropogenic Pollution Resources, Mesut Dönmez, Turgay Şi̇şman Jan 2021

The Morphometric And Erythrometric Analyses Of Pelophylax Ridibundus Living In Anthropogenic Pollution Resources, Mesut Dönmez, Turgay Şi̇şman

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The health status of Pelophylax ridibundus species living in anthropogenic pollution sources in Erzurum (Turkey) were investigated. Firstly, heavy metal concentrations in liver of the frog species, and in water and sediment samples taken from the habitats of the frogs were determined by instrumental analysis. Secondly, morphometric (fluctuating asymmetry-FA, hepatosomatic index- HSI) and erythrometric analyses were performed to reveal the health status of the frogs in the areas. Our study provides the first morphometric datas on the frog in Turkey. Although the metal concentrations in the water were high, it was determined that they did not exceed the limit values. …

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Rediscovery Of Pearly Tree Frog, Nyctixalus Margaritifer Boulenger, 1882 (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) From Mt. Wilis After 135 Years, Bagus Priambodo, Richo Firmansyah, Dicky Candra Pranata, Afina Nur Aninnas, Muhamad Azmi Dwi Susanto, Fajar Dwi Nur Aji, Tri Wahyu Widodo, Gunawan Gunawan, Danafia Permana, Faisal Yanuar Adiba, Yuri Ristanto, Muhamad Prayogi Erfanda, Ahmad Muammar Kadafi Jan 2021

Rediscovery Of Pearly Tree Frog, Nyctixalus Margaritifer Boulenger, 1882 (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) From Mt. Wilis After 135 Years, Bagus Priambodo, Richo Firmansyah, Dicky Candra Pranata, Afina Nur Aninnas, Muhamad Azmi Dwi Susanto, Fajar Dwi Nur Aji, Tri Wahyu Widodo, Gunawan Gunawan, Danafia Permana, Faisal Yanuar Adiba, Yuri Ristanto, Muhamad Prayogi Erfanda, Ahmad Muammar Kadafi

Turkish Journal of Zoology

For more than a century, pearly tree frog from its type locality (East Indies; Java; Mt. Wilis) are undiscovered. Current studies about the distribution of Nyctixalus margaritifer are reported as known only from West Java and Central Java. In this paper, we collected one individual of pearly tree frog, N. margaritifer in the Western part of Mt. Wilis, which belongs to Gunung Sigogor Nature Reserve, Ponorogo, East Java. This is the third specimen, which is discovered from the Mt. Wilis after the lost holotype in 1882 and the neotype in 1885. Poorly known on its ecology and its habitat preferences …

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Indigenous Entomopathogenic Fungi As Potential Biological Control Agents Of Rose Sawfly, Arge Rosae L. (Hymenoptera: Argidae), Derya Baki̇, Hi̇lal Şule Tosun, Fedai̇ Erler Jan 2021

Indigenous Entomopathogenic Fungi As Potential Biological Control Agents Of Rose Sawfly, Arge Rosae L. (Hymenoptera: Argidae), Derya Baki̇, Hi̇lal Şule Tosun, Fedai̇ Erler

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The rose sawfly, Arge rosae L. (Hymenoptera: Argidae), is one of the most destructive pests of roses grown both indoors and outdoors in Antalya province (south-western part of Turkey). Especially in greenhouse rose cultivation, growers depend heavily on synthetic pesticides to control this pest along with other arthropod pests in their crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate biocontrol potential of some indigenous soil-borne entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) against the pest. In pathogenicity assays, a total of 17 EPF isolates, belonging to three species [Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. - 14, Clonostachys rosea (Link) Schroers - 2 and Isaria farinosa …

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What Are You Doing Here? Investigating On An Unexpected Association In Shallow Mediterranean Dark Caves Sheds Light On The Diet Of Marionia Blainvillea (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Nudibranchia), Egidio Trainito, Marco Fantin, Elisa Manganelli, Giulia Furfaro Jan 2021

What Are You Doing Here? Investigating On An Unexpected Association In Shallow Mediterranean Dark Caves Sheds Light On The Diet Of Marionia Blainvillea (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Nudibranchia), Egidio Trainito, Marco Fantin, Elisa Manganelli, Giulia Furfaro

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In a shallow dark cave along the coast of Capo Palinuro (Campania, Italy), the finding of an unusual aggregation of individuals belonging to Marionia blainvillea (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) has allowed to identify a population of Cervera atlantica (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Alcyonacea) and to add this latter to the list of the hosts preyed by this tritoniid nudibranch. This association was confirmed by a second observation in a dark shallow cave in the Island of San Pietro (Sardinia, Italy). Moreover, a subsequent internet data mining shed light on the diet of M. blainvillea adding useful ecological notes on the scarcely known trophism characterizing …

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The Ichthyofaunal Diversity Of Freshwater Ecosystems In Gökçeada Island (Nw Turkey)Under The Pressure Of Nonnative Species, Sevan Ağdamar, Gülşah Saç, Özcan Gaygusuz, Ersi̇n Doğaç, Ümi̇t Acar, Çi̇ğdem Gürsoy Gaygusuz, Müfi̇t Özuluğ Jan 2021

The Ichthyofaunal Diversity Of Freshwater Ecosystems In Gökçeada Island (Nw Turkey)Under The Pressure Of Nonnative Species, Sevan Ağdamar, Gülşah Saç, Özcan Gaygusuz, Ersi̇n Doğaç, Ümi̇t Acar, Çi̇ğdem Gürsoy Gaygusuz, Müfi̇t Özuluğ

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Freshwater ecosystems have a greater value for biodiversity per surface area than terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Streams and lakes are notably prone to biodiversity loss, being the greatest threats habitat destructions and nonnative species. The aim of the present study is to assess the fish composition of lotic and lentic water systems of an island ecosystem (Gökçeada Island, Turkey), which is poorly studied, and to highlight the entry routes and possible impacts of translocated fish species in an island ecosystem. The field surveys were conducted in a total of 14 sampling sites (five reservoirs and nine streams) in the inland …

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The Sicilian Rock Partridge: Latest Data On Genetic Integrity From Four Different Relict Areas, Giusi Macaluso, Claudia Manno, Mario Lo Valvo, Marco Tolone, Salvatore Mastrangelo, Roberto Puleio, Guido Ruggero Loria Jan 2021

The Sicilian Rock Partridge: Latest Data On Genetic Integrity From Four Different Relict Areas, Giusi Macaluso, Claudia Manno, Mario Lo Valvo, Marco Tolone, Salvatore Mastrangelo, Roberto Puleio, Guido Ruggero Loria

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Sicily (Italy) hosts a "relict", endemic population of the birds Alectoris graeca whitakeri commonly known as Sicilian Rock Partridge. In the last decades, due to the risk of restocking with other European and Asiatic species for hunting purpose, a study was carried out to investigate the potential risk of hybridisation. The mtDNA control-region and nuclear microsatellites were genotyped. Due to the importance of the species, samples were mainly characterized by feather and stool samples, and rarely by carcasses found in the environment, from year 2011 to 2012. A panel of 7 microsatellite loci was validated. Three multiplexes that allowed the …

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A New Species Of Calomyscus Thomas, 1905 (Calomyscidae: Rodentia) From Western Iran, Mehdi Dezhman, Safie Akbarirad, Mansour Aliabadian, Roohollah Siahsarvie, Arya Shafaeipour, Omid Mirshamsi Jan 2021

A New Species Of Calomyscus Thomas, 1905 (Calomyscidae: Rodentia) From Western Iran, Mehdi Dezhman, Safie Akbarirad, Mansour Aliabadian, Roohollah Siahsarvie, Arya Shafaeipour, Omid Mirshamsi

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Eight extant species have been so far recognized for Calomyscus Thomas, 1905 which is distributed in the west of Asia. The only species which was reported from the Zagros Mountains in western and southern Iran was C. bailwardi. However, based on the integrative methods such as molecular, morphometric and karyological studies a new species is worth to be described other than C. bailwardi from the Zagros Mountains. In the present survey a new species which has been distributed in western regions of Iran was described as Calomyscus behzadi sp. nov. The new species constituted a monophyletic clade in phylogenetic tree …

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Dominance Or Leverage? An Analysis Of Female Power In Captive Varecia, Jessie E. Birckelbaw Jan 2021

Dominance Or Leverage? An Analysis Of Female Power In Captive Varecia, Jessie E. Birckelbaw

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Lemurs are unusual in that, unlike in most other primates, females have more power than males. This is evident by females receiving priority access to foods and preferred spaces, and frequent grooming. Rebecca Lewis provided a framework to analyze the basis of female power that distinguishes between true dominance and leverage. Dominance is defined as the physical ability to overpower an individual, whereas leverage is the ability to influence others based on intangible resources, such as social currency like grooming or the potential for mating. This study aimed to investigate female power in the critically endangered ruffed lemurs (genus Varecia). …

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A Reintroduction Retrospective: Comparative Fisher (Pekania Pennanti) Survival And Prey Habitat Use In The Cascade Mountains Of Washington State, Tanner S.T. Humphries Jan 2021

A Reintroduction Retrospective: Comparative Fisher (Pekania Pennanti) Survival And Prey Habitat Use In The Cascade Mountains Of Washington State, Tanner S.T. Humphries

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Increasing human impacts on biodiversity highlight the global need for ecological restoration. For many wildlife species, reintroduction is necessary to re-establish populations in parts of their historic range where they have been extirpated. Reintroduction efforts are commonly used to help restore ecosystem integrity, but are often expensive, time consuming, and unsuccessful at generating self-sustaining populations. Thus, a more complete understanding of the factors affecting restoration success is important for ensuring successful outcomes and responsible stewardship. Fishers (Pekania pennanti) are one of the most commonly reintroduced carnivores in North America, but the success of such efforts is highly variable, …

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Assessing Habitat Suitability Of Ribbed Mussels (Geukensia Demissa) In Georgia Salt Marshes By Examining Predicted Mussel Densities And Mussel Population Parameters, William K. Annis Jr Jan 2021

Assessing Habitat Suitability Of Ribbed Mussels (Geukensia Demissa) In Georgia Salt Marshes By Examining Predicted Mussel Densities And Mussel Population Parameters, William K. Annis Jr

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Geukensia demissa (ribbed mussel) is an ecology important bivalve that has the potential to contribute to salt marsh restoration. Understanding the factors that contribute to the distribution of mussels can help inform managers on choosing locations to optimize the survivorship of mussels in restoration projects. This study sought to model mussel densities across the coast of Georgia and to compare predicted mussel densities with mussel population parameters as means to gauge habitat suitability. Mussel densities were collected through field surveys across a range of salt marshes along the coast of Georgia and were compared with spatial data such as distance …

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Sexual Dimorphism Of Thermal Preference In Florida Scrub Lizards (Sceloporus Woodi) And Predicting Response To Climate Change In Two Rare Habitats, Sidney E. Anderson Jan 2021

Sexual Dimorphism Of Thermal Preference In Florida Scrub Lizards (Sceloporus Woodi) And Predicting Response To Climate Change In Two Rare Habitats, Sidney E. Anderson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The Florida Scrub Lizard (Sceloporus woodi) is endemic to Florida, where it inhabits fragments of xeric sandhill uplands including endangered long-leaf pine and sand pine scrub habitats. Lizards depend on a predictable range of temperatures to maximize their growth and productivity, and to do so, they shuttle among various thermal micro-environments. Thus, the spatial distribution of temperatures in the habitat is important. Habitats dominated by either high or low extremes of an organism’s preference are energetically costly and dangerous (less optimal), especially to gravid females. This study examines thermal preference of a near-threatened species that also inhabits increasingly rare habitats. …

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Degree Of Genetic Admixture In Hybrid Populations Between Macaca Fascicularis Fascicularis And M. F. Aurea In Association With Stone Tool-Use Behavior, Poompat Phadphon Jan 2021

Degree Of Genetic Admixture In Hybrid Populations Between Macaca Fascicularis Fascicularis And M. F. Aurea In Association With Stone Tool-Use Behavior, Poompat Phadphon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Burmese long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis aurea) is the only Old World monkey that habitually uses stones as tools to access encased food. The natural range of M. f. aurea closely contacts to the common long-tailed macaque (M. f. fascicularis) in southern Thailand at 8°10'-12°24'N, where the intraspecific hybridization between the two subspecies was reported. While M. f. aurea x M. f. fascicularis hybrids were expressed a stone-tool use behavior, the behavior has never been seen in the wild or captive M. f. fascicularis. It is interesting to understand if the genetic factor plays a role on the emergence of this …

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Comparative Pharmacokinetics Of Puerarin In Pure Compound Form And Puerarin In White Kwao Krua Extract In Female Cynomolgus Monkeys, Sureerat Namken Jan 2021

Comparative Pharmacokinetics Of Puerarin In Pure Compound Form And Puerarin In White Kwao Krua Extract In Female Cynomolgus Monkeys, Sureerat Namken

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Pueraria mirifica is an endemic Thai plant that puerarin is a major chemical found in this plant and shows several pharmacological activities in aging diseases. Although the pharmacokinetic data on puerarin have been reported in rodents, it is still inconclusive for the development of puerarin as phytopharmaceutical products for human use. This is because of the differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics between rodents and humans. Therefore, the comparative pharmacokinetics of puerarin in pure compound form (PUE) and puerarin in P. mirifica extract (PME) was conducted in female cynomolgus monkeys. PME at a dose of 826 mg/kg.BW (equivalent to 10 …

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รอยสึกบนฟันกรามของสัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae จากสมัยไพลสโตซีนและปัจจุบันของประเทศไทย, จักรีทิพย์ อิศรางกูร ณ อยุธยา Jan 2021

รอยสึกบนฟันกรามของสัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae จากสมัยไพลสโตซีนและปัจจุบันของประเทศไทย, จักรีทิพย์ อิศรางกูร ณ อยุธยา

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

สัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae สามชนิด ได้แก่ เลียงผาใต้ (Capricornis sumatraensis) กวางผาจีน (Naemorhedus griseus) และกวางผาหิมาลัย (Naemorhedus goral) ปรากฎหลักฐานการกระจายตัวในประเทศไทยสมัยไพลสโตซีน อย่างไรก็ตาม ปัจจุบันกวางผาหิมาลัยได้สูญพันธุ์ไปจากประเทศไทยแล้ว เพื่อบ่งบอกนิเวศวิทยที่เปลี่ยนแปลงไปในอดีตจนถึงปัจจุบันของสัตว์กลุ่มนี้ รอยสึกบนฟันกรามจึงถูกนำมาใช้เพื่อการศึกษาอาหาร รููปแบบการกินอาหาร และนิเวศวิทยาบรรพกาลของสัตว์ในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae ผู้วิจัยศึกษาตัวอย่างจาก 4 แหล่งขุดค้นซากดึกดำบรรพ์ในประเทศไทย ที่มีอายุระหว่างสมัยไพลสโตซีนตอนกลางถึงตอนปลาย ได้แก่ ถ้ำผาบ่อง, บ้านโคกสูง, ถ้ำวิมานนาคินทร์ และเพิงผาถ้ำลอด รวมไปถึงตัวอย่างปัจจุบันจากพิพิธภัณฑ์และเขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าทั้งหมด 10 แห่ง โดยเก็บข้อมูลค่าดัชนีความสูงตัวฟัน (hypsodonty index: HI), รอยสึกระดับ mesowear I และ II, และรอยสึกระดับ microwear จากฟันกราม ผลการศึกษาพบว่า รอยสึกระดับ mesowear และค่า HI บ่งชี้ว่าเลียงผาและกวางผาทั้งในปัจจุบันและไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้และหญ้า โดยเลียงผาใต้มีแนวโน้มการกินใบไม้มากกว่าชนิดอื่น ผลการศึกษารอยสึกระดับ microwear จากทั้งตัวอย่างปัจจุบันและไพลสโตซีนพบว่า เลียงผาใต้กินใบไม้อ่อนนุ่ม ขณะที่กวางผาจีนและกวางผาหิมาลัยกินใบไม้และหญ้าที่มีความแข็ง เมื่อพิจารณาผลการศึกษาที่ได้ร่วมกับค่าไอโซโทปเสถียรของธาตุคาร์บอนจากงานวิจัยก่อนหน้า อาจกล่าวได้ว่า เลียงผาใต้ในสมัยไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้อ่อนนุ่มทั้งประเภท C3, C3/C4, และ C4 อยู่อาศัยได้ทั้งป่าทึบและทุ่งหญ้า กวางผาจีนในสมัยไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้และหญ้าประเภท C4 ที่มีความแข็ง อาศัยในทุ่งหญ้าเปิด สำหรับกวางผาหิมาลัยในสมัยไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้และหญ้าประเภท C4 หรือ C3/C4 และอาศัยในทุ่งหญ้าเปิด ผลการศึกษาสามารถสรุปแนวโน้มการเปลี่ยนแปลงนิเวศวิทยาของสายพันธุ์เลียงผาและกวางผาได้ว่า เลียงผาและกวางผาสมัยไพลสโตซีนอาศัยในทุ่งหญ้าเปิดมากกว่าประชากรในปัจจุบัน ซึ่งอาจเป็นผลจากการเปลี่ยนแปลงของสภาพแวดล้อมจากอดีตจนถึงปัจจุบัน และการรุกรานของมนุษย์ตั้งแต่สมัยไพลสโตซีนที่ส่งผลให้จำนวนประชากรลดลง

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ความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของยีนสร้างโปรตีน Pfs25 ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย Plasmodium Falciparum ในประเทศไทย, พรปวีณ์ สุขพงษ์ไทย Jan 2021

ความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของยีนสร้างโปรตีน Pfs25 ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย Plasmodium Falciparum ในประเทศไทย, พรปวีณ์ สุขพงษ์ไทย

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Pfs25 เป็นโปรตีนที่พบได้บนเยื่อหุ้มเซลล์ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย Plasmodium falciparum ในระยะ sexual stage และเป็นหนึ่งในแอนติเจนของวัคซีนสำหรับป้องกันการติดต่อของโรคมาลาเรียชนิด transmission blocking vaccine (TBV) วัคซีนชนิดนี้สร้างจากแอนติเจน Pfs25 ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย P. falciparum สายพันธุ์ 3D7 และได้รับการพัฒนาอย่างต่อเนื่องจนถึงขั้นตอนทดสอบทางคลินิก อย่างไรก็ดี การศึกษาความหลากหลายของยีน Pfs25 ในประชากร P. falciparum ในธรรมชาติทั้งในประเทศไทยและพื้นที่อื่น ๆ มีอยู่อย่างจำกัด ดังนั้น วิทยานิพนธ์เรื่องนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของยีน Pfs25 ของ P. falciparum ในประเทศไทยและพื้นที่อื่น ๆ ทั่วโลก ตัวอย่างประกอบด้วยลำดับนิวคลีโอไทด์ของ Pfs25 ของ P. falciparum ในประเทศไทยจำนวน 83 ตัวอย่าง และข้อมูลจากฐานข้อมูล GenBank และ PlasmoDB จำนวน 224 ตัวอย่าง ซึ่งการศึกษานี้ได้รวบรวมและสร้างฐานข้อมูลนิวคลีโอไทด์ขึ้นเป็นครั้งแรก ทำการศึกษาความหลากหลายด้วยการวิเคราะห์ทาง พันธุศาสตร์ประชากร ผลการศึกษาพบว่า Pfs25 ในประชากรเชื้อมาลาเรีย P. falciparum ทั่วโลกมีจำนวน 11 haplotype ในจำนวนนี้ พบในประเทศไทยจำนวน 7 haplotype (H) โดย H2 เป็น haplotype ที่พบมากที่สุดในประชากรเชื้อมาลาเรียในทวีปเอเชีย ส่วน H1 พบมากที่สุดในประชากรในทวีปแอฟริกาและทวีปอเมริกากลางและอเมริกาใต้ การวิเคราะห์ด้วย Fst แสดงให้เห็นว่า การกระจายของ haplotype ทั้งหมดแตกต่างกันตามแต่ละทวีป แสดงว่า เชื้อมาลาเรีย P. falciparum แบ่งออกเป็น 3 ประชากรย่อย ๆ ตามพื้นที่ คือ ประชากรในทวีปเอเชีย ทวีปแอฟริกา และทวีปอเมริกากลางและอเมริกาใต้ นอกจากนี้ เมื่อวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ของ haplotype ด้วย …

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