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Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

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Articles 361 - 390 of 438

Full-Text Articles in Zoology

Genic Variation In White-Tailed Deer From Arkansas, Phyllis K. Price, Michael E. Cartwright, Mitchell J. Rogers Jan 1979

Genic Variation In White-Tailed Deer From Arkansas, Phyllis K. Price, Michael E. Cartwright, Mitchell J. Rogers

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Liver and kidney samples of 33 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) representing three populations in Arkansas were examined with horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Of 17 loci examined, only PGM-1 and ES-2 exhibited polymorphism. Average individual heterozygosity, ranging from 2.3% to 4.7% with a mean of 3.1 %, was much lower than that reported for white-tailed deer in other parts of its range. The three populations examined in this study were highly similar based on Rogers' genetic similarity coefficient.

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Age And Huddling As Determinants Of Metabolic Rate In Grasshopper Mice (Onychomys Leucogaster), Meredith Bailey, Dennis A. Baeyens, Lana Mann Jan 1979

Age And Huddling As Determinants Of Metabolic Rate In Grasshopper Mice (Onychomys Leucogaster), Meredith Bailey, Dennis A. Baeyens, Lana Mann

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The metabolic rates of grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster) were determined every third day from birth to adulthood. Metabolic rates were quantitated by measuring oxygen consumption in an open circuit system. There was a rapid fall in oxygen consumption from the third day after birth until the ninth day. Mice which were housed separately assumed a constant metabolic rate at an earlier age than mice which were kept with litter-mates. The greatest increases in metabolism occurred when immature mice were separated from litter-mates for oxygen consumption determinations. It is concluded that huddling plays an important role in reducing the metabolic rate …

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Maturation And Fecundity Of Redear Sunfish, James C. Adams, Raj V. Kilambi Jan 1979

Maturation And Fecundity Of Redear Sunfish, James C. Adams, Raj V. Kilambi

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Based on gonosomatic indices and ovum diameter frequency distributions, the redear sunfish spawns from May through July. Fast growing 2-year-old (above 150 mm) and older fish attain sexual maturity. Mature ovum diameter ranged from 0.60 to 1.30 mm. Fecundity • total length, • total weight, and • age relationships were: 1nF = 5.95242 + 0.01967L (r²= 0.90), LnF = 8.80328 + 0.00594W (r²= 0.92), and 1nF = 8.19332 + 0.50231 A (r² =0.83), respectively.

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Effect Of Turf Fungicides On Earthworms, J. H. Roark, J. L. Dale Jan 1979

Effect Of Turf Fungicides On Earthworms, J. H. Roark, J. L. Dale

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Numerous turf fungicides were tested under various conditions for possible deleterious effects upon the earthworm Eisenla foetida. Earthworms treated by immersion for one minute in 0.1% solutions of 10 different fungicides died insignificant numbers after benomyl and thiophanate methyl treatments. After 1% fungicide treatments, there was significant mortality from benomyl, ethazole, Kromad, and thiophanate methyl fungicides. With 2% fungicide solutions, significant numbers died after benomyl, cadmium succinate, ethazole, thiophanate methyl, and thiram treatments. Earthworms fed bermudagrass clippings treated with 10 different fungicides showed a significant decrease in longevity from clippings treated with benomyl, dinocap, ethazole, and thiophanate methyl. Earthworms reared …

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Status Of The Endangered Bats, Myotis Sodalis, M. Grisescens, And Plecotus Townsendii Ingens, In Arkansas, Michael J. Harvey, John J. Cassidy, Gary G. O'Hagan Jan 1979

Status Of The Endangered Bats, Myotis Sodalis, M. Grisescens, And Plecotus Townsendii Ingens, In Arkansas, Michael J. Harvey, John J. Cassidy, Gary G. O'Hagan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Unusual Results From Pellet Analysis Of The American Barn Owl, Tyto Alba Pratincola (Bonaparte), Kenneth N. Paige, Chris T. Mcallister, C. Renn Tumlison Jan 1979

Unusual Results From Pellet Analysis Of The American Barn Owl, Tyto Alba Pratincola (Bonaparte), Kenneth N. Paige, Chris T. Mcallister, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Presence Of An Unusual Eosinophilic Staining Substance In The Blood Of Snakes, James J. Daly Sr., Charles H. Calhoun Jan 1978

Presence Of An Unusual Eosinophilic Staining Substance In The Blood Of Snakes, James J. Daly Sr., Charles H. Calhoun

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Ouachita Mountain Area, Peggy Rae Dorris, Fred L. Burnside Jr. Feb 1977

Continuation Of Spider Research In Arkansas: Ouachita Mountain Area, Peggy Rae Dorris, Fred L. Burnside Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Anomalies Of Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young Feb 1977

Anomalies Of Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Regeneration in the adult salamander, Ambystoma annulatum, parallels that of the adult newt (Iten & Bryant, 1973). However, a number of unique features become apparent upon examination of anomalies of adult regenerates. Two regenerates which displayed gross abnormalities revealed, upon histological examination, unique features which give insight into a possible pattern of digit formation in this species of adult salamander. Normal regenerates show 4 or 5 digits radiating distal to the same respective number of bones (distal carpals) present in the distal row of wrist bones. The first anomaly showed only two large, fused distal carpals and two lateral digits. …

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Epidermal Ridge Formation During Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young Feb 1977

Epidermal Ridge Formation During Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Regeneration was studied in the Ambystoma annulatum by the amputation of the right forearm of twenty-four adults, over a twelve month period. At the termination of the experiment the limbs were reamputated 1-2 mm proximal to the original amputation site. The regenerated portions were staged, examined at the gross morphological level, and prepared for histological examination. Gross examination revealed a thickened, ridge-like projection along the distal edge of all regenerating forelimbs at the Early Bud through Middle Palette Stages. Histological examination confirmed the existence of this structure as early as Wound Healing and continuing through Middle Palette to a pseudo-epidermal …

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Immunization Of Rats Against Mesocestoides Corti (Cestoda) By Subcutaneous Vaccination Of Living Tetrathyridia And By Passive Transfer With Serum, Jerry Y. Niederkorn Jan 1977

Immunization Of Rats Against Mesocestoides Corti (Cestoda) By Subcutaneous Vaccination Of Living Tetrathyridia And By Passive Transfer With Serum, Jerry Y. Niederkorn

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Laboratory rats were subcutaneously vaccinated with 100 live tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti (Cestoda) and subsequently intraperitoneally challenged with 50 tetrathyridia. Necropsy 30 days postinfection revealed that vaccinated rats harbored 97.4% fewer worms compared to control rats. In a second experiment, passive transfer of immunity was accomplished by immune serum from subcutaneously vaccinated rats. Rats receiving immune serum harbored 33.4% lighter worm burdens compared to normal serum recipients.

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Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis (Baird And Girard) Production In Extensive Polyculture System, Scott H. Newton, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Max V. Miesch Jan 1977

Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis (Baird And Girard) Production In Extensive Polyculture System, Scott H. Newton, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Max V. Miesch

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During 1976, mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis Baird and Girard, were reared in combination with food and game fishes in 0.1 ha culture ponds at the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff fisheries research facility. Mosquitofish production was 218 kg/ha, with 1683 fish per kilogram, in ponds that were also stocked with channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus Valenciennes, grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella Valenciennes, and silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Valenciennes. In another similar stocked pond, hybrid sunfish fingerlings depressed mosquitofish yield by 79%. No mosquitofish production was obtained in ponds stocked with 250 largemouth bass, Xficropterus salmoides Lacepede, fry …

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Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton Jan 1977

Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Insect populations over a 1.2 hectare southeast Arkansas livestock pond were sampled to consider the possibility of their use as a fish food supplement. A commercial insect attraction unit was suspended above the pond, and attracted insects were collected. Insect populations were sampled 3-4 nights each month, January-December, 1976. Insects collected were identified and analyses were performed to determine nutritional composition and pesticide content. Insect samples were variable, however, 62% of the insects identified were in the Order Diptera and 97% of these were in the Family Chironomidae. Nutritional analyses revealed insects were more than 60% crude protein. Pesticide analysis …

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Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner Jan 1977

Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The second in a series of papers describing the fauna of Arkansas caves includes distributional records and ecological status (as a cavernicole) of 53 vertebrate taxa, including: 3 fishes, 7 salamanders, 6 frogs, 3 lizards, 7 snakes, one turtle, 3 birds, and 23 mammals. Several of the taxa occur on state lists of endangered species, but records accumulated during the past 5 years indicate the need for a reevaluation of the actual populational status of these organisms.

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Role Of Olfaction In "Taste-Aversion" To Ptc In Mice, Richard C. Lewis Jan 1977

Role Of Olfaction In "Taste-Aversion" To Ptc In Mice, Richard C. Lewis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The objective of most taste research involving choice is to eliminate from the experiment all cues to the animal except those that are strictly gustatory. Among those potentially confounding cues, one of the most obvious is olfaction, although it often remains uncontrolled in taste experiments. The present report clearly demonstrates the role played by olfaction in a discrimination experiment with C57B1/6 and CFW mice as regards their response to phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) when paired with water. The results have implications for conclusions drawn by other investigators who have attributed differences in PTC sensitivity in mice to taste alone.

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Utilization Of Nest Boxes By The Southern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys Volans, In Central Arkansas, Gary A. Heidt Jan 1977

Utilization Of Nest Boxes By The Southern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys Volans, In Central Arkansas, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Thirty-five nest boxes were placed 4.5-5.5 meters above the ground in an eight acre mixed pine-hardwood plot 20 km SE of Bryant, Saline County, Arkansas. These boxes were monitored from February, 1972, to May, 1975. Flying squirrels used the boxes between October and May, probably returning to den trees during the hotter period of the year. A total of 30 squirrels (18 males and 12 females) were marked by ear notching during the three year period. The winter population of the study area was estimated to be between 10 and 15 squirrels. It was not uncommon to find eight or …

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Effects Of 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid On Swiss-Webster Mice, Gerald S. Greer Jan 1977

Effects Of 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid On Swiss-Webster Mice, Gerald S. Greer

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Pure and Commercial samples of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5- T) were tested on Swiss-Webster mice for: (1) interruption of the estrus cycle and (2) teratogenic effects. The estrus cycle of mice administered Commercial 2,4,5-T was interrupted in 42.9% of the animals and in 12.5% of the animals given Pure 2,4,5-T. No fetal abnormalities were found in pregnant animals treated with Commercial or Pure 2,4,5-T. Fetal resorptions were found in both treatment groups. Treatment with Pure 2,4,5-T produced a significant decrease in viable fetal weight and increased fetal deaths.

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Yolk-Periblast Junction In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Claudia F. Bailey Jan 1977

Yolk-Periblast Junction In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Claudia F. Bailey

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The yolk of teleost eggs becomes covered with a syncytial periblast during embryonic development. Nutrients must be transported through the periblast before they are available to the embryo. Tranmission electron micrographs of thin sections and of freeze-fractured replicas show a number of features at the yolk-periblast junction which may be correlated with yolk transport. These features include vesicle formation and exchange, channelization and interdigitation.

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Distributional Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles From Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., Zane M. Anderson Jan 1976

Distributional Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles From Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., Zane M. Anderson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the West Gulf Coastal Plain and Mississippi Alluvial Plain is not well known because extensive collecting has not been done in these areas and data in museums have not been published. New distributional records for three salamanders (Desmognathus fuscus brimleyorum, Manculus quadridigitarus, Plethodon glutinosus glutinosus) , two anurans (Rana areolata circulosa, Scaphiopus holbrooki holbrooki), and one snake (Lampropeltis doliata amaura) are presented. Additional collecting will be necessary to determine the exact range and status of the secretive species.

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Continuation Of Mourning Dove Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, With Emphasis On Cyclical Behavioral Patterns, Thurman Booth, Fred L. Burnside Jr., Jan Burnside, Peggy Rae Dorris Jan 1976

Continuation Of Mourning Dove Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, With Emphasis On Cyclical Behavioral Patterns, Thurman Booth, Fred L. Burnside Jr., Jan Burnside, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In conjunction with the U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, the Henderson State University Biology Department has continued a study of mourning doves in Clark County, Arkansas, with emphasis on cyclical behavioral patterns. Three hundred forty-three mourning doves were baited, trapped, and banded to obtain information concerning age, sex, populations, retraps, abnormalities, migrations, trap injuries, cyclical behavioral patterns, and other factors.

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Characteristics And Behavior Of Guineafowl And Domesticated Chicken Hybrids, Earl L. Hanebrink Jan 1976

Characteristics And Behavior Of Guineafowl And Domesticated Chicken Hybrids, Earl L. Hanebrink

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The description, behavior, and morphologic measurements are presented for two hybrid crosses of domesticated chicken and guineafowl. The ease at which gallinaceous birds hybridize might warrant a closer look at the classification system. Possibly the number of families in the superfamily Phasianoidea should be reduced as some other researchers suggest.

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Hormone Receptor Site Maturation In The Secondary Sex Organs Of Immature Male And Female Rats, K. J. Thomas Jan 1976

Hormone Receptor Site Maturation In The Secondary Sex Organs Of Immature Male And Female Rats, K. J. Thomas

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The effect of a combined dose of pregnant mares' serum (PAAS) and human chor ionic gonadotropin (HCG) on male and female rats 2-25 days old was studied. Groups of animals were given injections for three days, then sacrificed on the fourth day. All injections were begun on the 2nd, 7th, 12th, 17th, and 22nd day of life. Ovaries, uteri, seminal vesicles (SV), and ventral prostate (VP) were removed, dissected free of fat, and weighed. Because uterine weight increased earlier than either SV or VP weight, the ability of the uterus to respond to exogenous estradiol and of the SV and …

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Scanning Electron Microscopy Of The Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri Richardson) Spermatozoon, James H. Fribourgh, Bernard L. Soloff Jan 1976

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of The Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri Richardson) Spermatozoon, James H. Fribourgh, Bernard L. Soloff

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The scanning electron microscope was used to determine the morphology of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) spermatozoon. The spermatozoon is approximately 32 μm long and consists of a head, mitochondrial collar, and flagellum. The head is elongated and somewhat flattened. It has an antero posterior length of 3.1 μm and a maximum diameter of 1.6 to 2.2 μm. Mean antero-posterior length of the mitochondrial collar is 0.8 μm The collar encircles the flagellum but is separated from it. The flagellum ranges in length from 26 to31 μm and is divided into a principal piece and end piece. Cytoplasmic vesicles …

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Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Selected Invertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Kenneth L. Smith Jan 1976

Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Selected Invertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Kenneth L. Smith

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

This report is the first in a series of reports describing the fauna of Arkansas caves. Included are notes accumulated during the past four years on nematomorphs, amphipods, isopods, diplopods, decapods, and a variety of insect taxa. In addition to indicated records of distribution, the ecological status of each species (as a cavernicole) is described as troglobitic, troglophilic, trogloxenic, or accidental. Several of the included species are reported for the first time from Arkansas.

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Preliminary Dove Banding Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, Thurman Booth, Peggy Rae Dorris, William N. Hunter, Benny Mays Jan 1975

Preliminary Dove Banding Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, Thurman Booth, Peggy Rae Dorris, William N. Hunter, Benny Mays

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In conjunction with the U.S. Department of Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, Henderson State University Biology Department made a preliminary study of mourning doves in Clark County, Arkansas, during June, July and August 1974. Three hundred seventy-one mourning doves were baited, trapped and banded to obtain information concerning age, sex, populations, retraps, deformities, effects on other animals, migrations and other behaviors.

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Effects Of Mississippi Delta Flooding On Spider Populations, Peggy Rae Dorris Jan 1974

Effects Of Mississippi Delta Flooding On Spider Populations, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Mississippi Delta flooded in the spring of 1973. Spider collections made in a Delta area of Mississippi in 1972 are compared with those made in 1973 during the flood and after it subsided. Because many egg cases and immature and mature spiders were destroyed by the flood, the spider population was diminished.

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Light And Electron Microscope Study Of The Mitotic Apparatus Of The Ring-Legged Earwig, Euborellia Annulipes (Lucas), Vonnie R. Prentice, William L. Evans Jan 1974

Light And Electron Microscope Study Of The Mitotic Apparatus Of The Ring-Legged Earwig, Euborellia Annulipes (Lucas), Vonnie R. Prentice, William L. Evans

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The mitotic apparatus in dividing cells of the ring-legged earwig is composed of the cell center or pole, chromosomal fibers, continuous fibers, and chromosomal and background structure. Parts from cellular elements such as Golgi membranes, endoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear envelope as well as whole mitochondria associate with the spindle microtubules to produce the diffraction pattern of the spindle fibers as seen with the light microscope. The microtubules of the chromosomal fibers attach independently and demonstrate the diffuse nature of the centromere or polycentric condition of the chromosomes.

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Ichthyofaunal Survey Of The Current River Within Arkansas, Joe F. Green, John K. Beadles Jan 1974

Ichthyofaunal Survey Of The Current River Within Arkansas, Joe F. Green, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Current River is a clear predominantly spring-fed stream draining the southeastern face of the Ozark escarpment. Beginning at Montauk Springs, Dent County, Missouri, it meanders southward for 180 km to the Arkansas-Missouri state line. The study area containing 14 sampling stations was that part of Current River lying within the boundaries of Arkansas to its confluence with Black River. The collected fishes could be referred to as those common to a wide-ranging faunal group, the Ozark, and the lowland faunal group. Those of the Ozark group were restricted in their range by topography and the river's confluence with Little Black …

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Microscopic Anatomy Of The Digestive Tract Of The White Amur, Ctenopharyngodon Idella Val., Leland F. Morgans, Gary A. Heidt Jan 1974

Microscopic Anatomy Of The Digestive Tract Of The White Amur, Ctenopharyngodon Idella Val., Leland F. Morgans, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The digestive tract of the amur is like that of other vertebrates in that it is composed of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. The mucosa is composed of pseudostratified epithelial tissue and an extremely thin lamina propria and muscularis mucosa. Goblet cells are found throughout this layer of the gut, being most numerous In the posterior part. The submucosa is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. The muscularis externa consists of an inner and an outer layer of smooth muscle fibers. However, in the esophageal region this layer also contains some striated muscle. The serosa is composed …

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Taxonomic Relationship Of Hybrid Peafowl-Guineafowl: Preliminary Study Of Serum Proteins, Earl L. Hanebrink, Charles Gruver, Richard Van Grouw Jan 1973

Taxonomic Relationship Of Hybrid Peafowl-Guineafowl: Preliminary Study Of Serum Proteins, Earl L. Hanebrink, Charles Gruver, Richard Van Grouw

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Disc electrophoresis of serum proteins was conducted for the peafowl, guineafowl, peafowl-guineafowl hybrid, and domesticated chicken. The four birds analyzed are of the same order but family status has been questioned. Serum protein patterns for all birds were similar in the anodic regions but different in the cathodic regions. The peafowl-guineafowl hybrid showed a pattern more similar to that of the peafowl than to that of the guineafowl. In morphologic characters the hybrid also was more similar to the peahen than to the guineafowl. In the cathodic region the serum protein pattern of the guineafowl was more unlike the patterns …

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