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Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

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Articles 181 - 210 of 438

Full-Text Articles in Zoology

Nesting Willow Flycatchers Discovered At Harrison, Arkansas, William C. Holimon, Douglas A. James Jan 2003

Nesting Willow Flycatchers Discovered At Harrison, Arkansas, William C. Holimon, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Willow Flycatcher, Empidonax traillii (Audubon), was a newly discovered species when John James Audubon found it at Arkansas Post in 1822. The bird was fairly common in summer in prairie-scrub habitat around Arkansas at least until the 1950s. There after numbers declined until one or two individuals were found occasionally at a single site in Benton County in the late 1980s through 1990s. We found a population consisting of three nesting territories on Baker Prairie Natural Area in Harrison, Boone County, Arkansas. This represents the first confirmed nesting since 1990 and only the second since 1969. A nest with …

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Genetic Relationships Of Some Common Arkansas Freshwater Sunfishes (Centrarchidae: Lepomis) Inferred From Restriction Endonuclease Analysis Of Mitochondrial Dna, Ronald L. Johnson, K. Ashlei Williams Jan 2003

Genetic Relationships Of Some Common Arkansas Freshwater Sunfishes (Centrarchidae: Lepomis) Inferred From Restriction Endonuclease Analysis Of Mitochondrial Dna, Ronald L. Johnson, K. Ashlei Williams

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Geographic isolation and habitat specialization has aided in the evolution and maintenance of genetic integrity of the lepomid sunfishes (Lepomis: Centrarchidae) of North America. Our goal was to measure genetic distances between four of the eleven extant sunfish species by using mitochondrial DNA analysis. Mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were examined in bluegill (L. macrochirus), redear sunfish (L. microlophus), longear sunfish (L. megalotis), and green sunfish (L. cyanellus) using 15 restriction endonucleases. The largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) was used as an outgroup. The phylogeny inferred from Dollo parsimony cladistic analysis largely concurred with published results from allozyme analyses …

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Herpetofaunal Inventory Of Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas County, Arkansas, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert G. Neal, Vernon E. Hoffman Jan 2003

Herpetofaunal Inventory Of Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas County, Arkansas, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert G. Neal, Vernon E. Hoffman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Arkansas Post National Memorial (ARPO) is a unique historical landmark with an interesting herpetofaunal community. We conducted an amphibian and reptile inventory of this national park from 2000-2002. We found eight amphibian and 21 reptilian species inhabiting the park. These included eight species not previously identified at ARPO. Overall species richness was highest at Alligator Slough, although the northern portion of ARPO was relatively rich. Aquatic trophic guilds included 7 (36.8%) piscivores, 7 (36.8%) omnivores, 4 (21.1%) insectivores, and one (5.3%) carnivore. The terrestrial trophic guilds included 13 (76.5%) insectivores, 2 (11.8%) carnivores, and 1 (5.9%) each of omnivores …

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Dna Sequence Analysis Of The Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Hydiana (Bivalva: Unionidae) In Select Ozark And Ouachita Mountain Streams Of Arkansas, Jennifer A. Lewter, Allen L. Szalanski, Tsunemi Yamashita Jan 2003

Dna Sequence Analysis Of The Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Hydiana (Bivalva: Unionidae) In Select Ozark And Ouachita Mountain Streams Of Arkansas, Jennifer A. Lewter, Allen L. Szalanski, Tsunemi Yamashita

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Distributions And Geographical Relationships Of The Polygyrid Land Snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Polygyridae) Of Arkansas, Gerald E. Walsh, Brian F. Coles Jan 2002

Distributions And Geographical Relationships Of The Polygyrid Land Snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Polygyridae) Of Arkansas, Gerald E. Walsh, Brian F. Coles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Arkansas distributions of land mollusks of the family Polygyridae are presented based on the results of a state-wide survey and a critical review of published and unpublished locality records. Six of the 45 species previously recorded for Arkansas are excluded because they were misidentified, do not have established populations in the state, or are found only as fossils. Four others are not mapped because of a lack of recent distributional data or because the specific status of a form is unclear. There is a predominant pattern of occurrence limited to the northern, northwestern, or western parts of the state. …

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Distribution Of Clinostomum Marginatum (Yellow Grub) Metacercaria In Smallmouth Bass Populations From Crooked Creek In North Central Arkansas, James J. Daly, Bruce Deyoung, Terryl L. Hostetler, Randal J. Keller Jan 2002

Distribution Of Clinostomum Marginatum (Yellow Grub) Metacercaria In Smallmouth Bass Populations From Crooked Creek In North Central Arkansas, James J. Daly, Bruce Deyoung, Terryl L. Hostetler, Randal J. Keller

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Four hundred thirty-three smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieui) were collected from ten sites on Crooked Creek in North Central Arkansas from just below the city of Harrison to the White River in the summers of 1988-90. Necropsy of these hosts for yellow grub (Clinostomum marginatum) metacercariae showed a range of mean abundance (average/fish) from 1.4 ±1.9 (SD) at a far up stream site to 105 ± 368 at the White River juncture. An increasing mean abundance of C. marginatum was seen from the uppermost sites of the creek downstream to the White River. Relating stream mileage with mean abundance gave a …

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Epidermal Papilloma In An Ozark Hellbender (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Bishopi) From The Spring River Of Northwest Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, John C. Harshbarger, Patrick Daniel Jan 2002

Epidermal Papilloma In An Ozark Hellbender (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Bishopi) From The Spring River Of Northwest Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, John C. Harshbarger, Patrick Daniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

An Ozark hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) with multiple, large, warty skin lesions was collected in the Spring River, Fulton County, Arkansas, in 1994. The specimen was a female, 560 mm in total length, and had a mass of 1,947 g. Tissues were formalin-fixed, and three lesions were processed for histopathology. The normal skin at the tumor margins had a stratified squamous epidermis overlying a loose, well-vascularized, heavily pigmented dermis. Poison glands and mucous glands extended from the epidermis into the dermis. The lesions, in contrast, were masses of epidermal cells up to 100 times thicker than the normal epidermis. They …

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Bats Of The Jessieville Ranger District, Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Tobin Fulmer, Tommy Finley, David A. Saugey Jan 2002

Bats Of The Jessieville Ranger District, Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Tobin Fulmer, Tommy Finley, David A. Saugey

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During July and August 2000 and 2001, mist nets were set concentrated on three drainages in the Jessieville District of the Ouachita National Forest: North Fork Ouachita River (ten sites), Irons Fork Creek (five sites), and Muddy Creek (two sites). A total of 83 bats representing seven species was caught during 20 evenings (43 net nights). Sampled habitats included pools in road ruts, intermittent streams, man-made ponds on ridgelines, a wet road rut fed by a seep, small drainages that flowed only after a heavy rain, a standing pool in a clearing, and larger streams. Eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) …

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Hazards Of Fishing Gear To Wildlife Of Lakes In Arkansas, Tobin Fulmer, C. Renn Tumlison Jan 2002

Hazards Of Fishing Gear To Wildlife Of Lakes In Arkansas, Tobin Fulmer, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Habitat And Abundance Of The Ouachita Darter (Percina Sp. Nov.), Charles J. Gagen, Kendall R. Moles, Lisa J. Hlass, Richard W. Standage Jan 2002

Habitat And Abundance Of The Ouachita Darter (Percina Sp. Nov.), Charles J. Gagen, Kendall R. Moles, Lisa J. Hlass, Richard W. Standage

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Coccidian Parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Of Select Rodents Of Western And Southwestern Arkansas And Northeastern Texas, Chris T. Mcallister, Joshua E. Kessler Jan 2002

Coccidian Parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Of Select Rodents Of Western And Southwestern Arkansas And Northeastern Texas, Chris T. Mcallister, Joshua E. Kessler

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Parasites Of Four Endemic Plethodon From Arkansas And Oklahoma, Chris T. Mcallister, Charles R. Bursey, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2002

Parasites Of Four Endemic Plethodon From Arkansas And Oklahoma, Chris T. Mcallister, Charles R. Bursey, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Concentrations Of American Alligator Populations In Arkansas, Christopher L. Watt, Philip A. Tappe, Mark F. Roth Jan 2002

Concentrations Of American Alligator Populations In Arkansas, Christopher L. Watt, Philip A. Tappe, Mark F. Roth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Abnormalities In The Ozark Hellbender, (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Bishopi), Benjamin A. Wheeler, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2002

Abnormalities In The Ozark Hellbender, (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Bishopi), Benjamin A. Wheeler, Malcolm L. Mccallum, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Survey Of The Macrobenthic Community In Ferguson Lake, Saline County, Arkansas, John D. Rickett, E. P. (Perk) Floyd Jan 2001

Survey Of The Macrobenthic Community In Ferguson Lake, Saline County, Arkansas, John D. Rickett, E. P. (Perk) Floyd

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

One hundred thirty benthic samples were collected on 33 visits to Ferguson Lake, Saline County, Arkansas, between May 1997 and October 2000. Sediments were visually examined and described, and some were returned to the lab for sediment oxygen demand (SOD) analysis. Fourteen taxa, representing five phyla of invertebrates, were identified. In all samples, oligochaetes, chaoborids, and chironomids comprised the majority of individuals, reaching densities up to 7449, 14,208, and 8783 per m2, respectively. When seasonally grouped, largest total abundances and greatest abundances of most taxa were collected during the winter months (December-February). A minor abundance peak occurred in July due …

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Food Habits Of The Ouachita Dusky Salamander, Desmognathus Brimleyorum (Caudata: Plethodontidae), In Arkansas, David H. Jamieson, Peter J. Rust, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2001

Food Habits Of The Ouachita Dusky Salamander, Desmognathus Brimleyorum (Caudata: Plethodontidae), In Arkansas, David H. Jamieson, Peter J. Rust, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Status Of Pet Mountain Lions (Puma Concolor) In Arkansas, D. Blake Sasse Jan 2001

Status Of Pet Mountain Lions (Puma Concolor) In Arkansas, D. Blake Sasse

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Redescription Of Eimeria Macyi (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) From The Eastern Pipistrelle, Pipistrellus Subflavus (Mammalia: Chiroptera), From Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Steve J. Upton, Stanley E. Trauth, David W. Allard Jan 2001

Redescription Of Eimeria Macyi (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) From The Eastern Pipistrelle, Pipistrellus Subflavus (Mammalia: Chiroptera), From Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Steve J. Upton, Stanley E. Trauth, David W. Allard

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Early History Of The Wolf, Black Bear, And Mountain Lion In Arkansas, Annalea K. Bowers, Leah D. Lucio, David W. Clark, Susan P. Rakow, Gary A. Heidt Jan 2001

Early History Of The Wolf, Black Bear, And Mountain Lion In Arkansas, Annalea K. Bowers, Leah D. Lucio, David W. Clark, Susan P. Rakow, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During the nineteenth century settlement of Arkansas, the red wolf (Canis rufos), black bear (Ursus americanus), and mourtain lion (Puma concolor) were not only the three largest and most dangerous predators, they also stirred the imaginations of explorers and settlers. References to these species appeared prominently in the journals of early explorers such as George W. Featherstonhaugh (1844) and Frederick Gerstaecker (1854), and their presence inspired voluminous collections of stories and tall tales. Black bears were so common that a large trade developed in pelts, oil, and other body parts, and Arkansas became commonly known as "The Bear State." Wolves …

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Perceived Damage By Elk In The Arkansas Ozarks, Jennifer H. Herner-Thogmartin, Kimberly G. Smith, Michael E. Cartwright Jan 2001

Perceived Damage By Elk In The Arkansas Ozarks, Jennifer H. Herner-Thogmartin, Kimberly G. Smith, Michael E. Cartwright

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Wildlife managers in Arkansas are faced with managing a growing population of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus neloni) that has extended its range to incorporate private lands near the Buffalo National River (BNR) in northcentral Arkansas. This range expansion has created conflicts between private landowners and wildlife management personnel. To document the extent of damage and assess attitudes of landowners with elk on their land, interviews were conducted with landowners who contacted us or the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission about problems with elk. A survey also was created and sent to landowners who live near the BNR in Boone …

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Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan Jan 2001

Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The reproductive cycle, food habits, and age and growth of the river shiner, Notropis blennius (Girard), in the Arkansas River of western Arkansas were studied from May 1996 through October 1997. Based on gonadosomatic indices and mean ovumd iameters of females, tubercle development in males, and the first appearance of young-of-year in samples, the breeding season extended from June through August in both 1996 and 1997. The river shiner is a diurnal, generalist feeder that forages on a wide variety of food items. In all four seasons, detritus dominated the diets of adults and juveniles in terms of volume and …

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Breeding Season Distribution Of Cerulean Warblers In Arkansas In The 1990s, Douglas A. James, Christopher J. Kellner, Jan Self, Jerry Davis Jan 2001

Breeding Season Distribution Of Cerulean Warblers In Arkansas In The 1990s, Douglas A. James, Christopher J. Kellner, Jan Self, Jerry Davis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) has been declining in numbers in its North American nesting range, and the same is true in Arkansas. To provide specific sites that can be monitored in the future, this study describes places where the bird was documented in the state in the 1990s. The warbler was found in mature deciduous forest in both upland and bottomland situations but was most abundant in the upland Ozark forests and uncommon in other regions of the state. Most (70%) of the occupied sites were on federal and state lands. Pattern of overall distribution was essentially the same …

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Identification Of Florida Largemouth Bass Alleles In Arkansas Public And Private Aquaculture Ponds, Ronald L. Johnson, Randall Staley Jan 2001

Identification Of Florida Largemouth Bass Alleles In Arkansas Public And Private Aquaculture Ponds, Ronald L. Johnson, Randall Staley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Florida subspecies of the largemouth bass (LMB) has often been introduced into waters outside of its range, with escape of individuals into associated waterways common. Sustaining pure lines within controlled hatchery settings is also difficult. The present study investigated LMB populations by way of allozyme analysis of three diagnostic loci of 115 LMB in three public and seven private aquaculture ponds within Arkansas. The goal was to determine the success of hatcheries in maintaining pure subspecies. None of the pond populations studied were fixed for all alleles. Private ponds had northern LMB allele frequencies of up to 0.40 in …

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Distribution Of Leconte's Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasiliensis Cynocephala) In Arkansas, With Notes On Reproduction And Natural History, David A. Saugey, D. Blake Sasse, J. D. Wilhide, Drew Reed, Tammy R. Jones, Darrell R. Heath, Daniel R. England Jan 2001

Distribution Of Leconte's Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasiliensis Cynocephala) In Arkansas, With Notes On Reproduction And Natural History, David A. Saugey, D. Blake Sasse, J. D. Wilhide, Drew Reed, Tammy R. Jones, Darrell R. Heath, Daniel R. England

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During the past 20 years (1982-2001) we have studied the biology, occurrence and distribution of LeConte's (Brazilian) free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala, in Arkansas. Colonies and individuals were reported from man made structures only. Four new county records have been documented since 1988, extending the range from the central part of the state to Arkansas's northern-most tier of counties. Numerous nuisance maternity colonies were investigated during exclusion activities and one, year-round colony provided the majority of reproductive data. A total of 152 free-tailed bats was submitted to the Arkansas Department of Health Rabies Laboratory (1982-2001); most during February through April, …

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Results Of A Bat Survey In The Western Ozark National Forest, Michelle L. Caviness, Douglas A. James Jan 2001

Results Of A Bat Survey In The Western Ozark National Forest, Michelle L. Caviness, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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New Records Of The Woodchuck (Marmota Monax) From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Anna Smith, Randy Frazier Jan 2001

New Records Of The Woodchuck (Marmota Monax) From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Anna Smith, Randy Frazier

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Mortality Of Adult White-Tailed Deer On Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, Gregory G. Humphreys, Thomas A. Nelson Jan 2000

Mortality Of Adult White-Tailed Deer On Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, Gregory G. Humphreys, Thomas A. Nelson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We conducted a telemetry study on Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, to estimate the extent, timing, and causes of mortality among resident adult white-tailed deer {Odocoileus virginianus). Twenty-seven deer were captured, radio-collared and monitored for 1 yr to assess seasonal mortality. Annual mortality rates differed considerably between sexes, with males exhibiting a much higher rate (86.1%) than females (5.3%). The primary causes of death among males were poaching, predation by coyotes, and legal harvest. Legal harvest by a gun-hunter accounted for the only female mortality. No mortalities were attributed to military exercises, which occurred frequently on the study area. Our results suggest …

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Feeding Relationship Between Two Synoptic, Morphologically Similar Fishes, The Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia Affinis) And The Blackspotted Topminnow (Fundulus Olivaceus), Allyson R. Neely, Edmund J. Pert Jan 2000

Feeding Relationship Between Two Synoptic, Morphologically Similar Fishes, The Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia Affinis) And The Blackspotted Topminnow (Fundulus Olivaceus), Allyson R. Neely, Edmund J. Pert

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We sampled fish during the summer of 1999, in Caney Bayou on the campus of the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Jefferson County, in order to study the feeding relationship between the western mosquitofish (Gambusia ajfinis) and the blackspotted topminnow (Fundulus olivaceus). We identified and enumerated the diet items of 56 blackspotted topminnows and 28 mosquitofish that were captured using electroshocking, seining, and dipnetting. Pooled diet items for each species were analyzed using a variety of approaches: percent of diet composition, frequency of occurrence, Levins' measure of diet breadth, and Morisita's measure of diet overlap. Twenty-one percent of mosquitofish …

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Record Of The Lake Sturgeon, Acipenser Fulvescens Rafinesque, From The Caddo River (Ouachita River Drainage), Arkansas, Betty G. Crump, Henry W. Robison Jan 2000

Record Of The Lake Sturgeon, Acipenser Fulvescens Rafinesque, From The Caddo River (Ouachita River Drainage), Arkansas, Betty G. Crump, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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First Record Of The Subterranean Amphipod Crustacean Allocrangonyx Hubrichti (Allocragonyctidae) In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison, John R. Holsinger Jan 2000

First Record Of The Subterranean Amphipod Crustacean Allocrangonyx Hubrichti (Allocragonyctidae) In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison, John R. Holsinger

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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