Poultry or Avian Science Commons^™

Inhibiting Survival Of Salmonella During Desiccation Through The Use Of Naturally Occurring Signals, Joseph Headrick

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A rising problem in agriculture is the increase of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella cases associated with chicken eggs, which transmit infection to humans. To counter this, new approaches to combat Salmonella in chickens and desiccated on eggshells are vital in the prevention of human foodborne illness. Disrupting signaling pathways with naturally occurring compounds provides a potential novel avenue for prevention of Salmonella infections, as this would disrupt sensing of these environments and inhibit subsequent optimal gene expression. Starting with signals identified in previous studies, salicylic acid was found to inhibit Salmonella desiccation survival on both eggshells and plastic. To expand upon this, …

Analyzing The Longevity Of Sperm Within The Female Japanese Quail By Assessing Sperm Penetration Of The Perivitelline Layer Under Optimal And Suboptimal Conditions., Garret G. Ashabranner, Joey L. Bray

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

After mating, birds have the ability to store semen within the female reproductive tract. The sperm storage tubules will store and subsequently release semen to travel up the oviduct. Sperm cells that make the trek up the oviduct have a chance to fertilize the ovum. These sperm cells will bind to the perivitelline layer of the ovum and hydrolyze a hole in the perivitelline layer, where it has the possibility to fertilize the female sex cell. Analyzing the number of penetration points on the perivitelline layer is an effective way to analyze reproductive efficiency. Many environmental factor has its effect …

Greater Sage-Grouse Survival, Breeding Ecology, Resource Selection, And West Nile Virus Prevalence On The Eastern Fringe Of Their Range, Lindsey Anne Parsons

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) is a sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) obligate species that has experienced population declines over the past several decades. Sage-grouse are a species of conservation concern throughout the Intermountain West and are considered a species of greatest conservation need in South Dakota. Numerous studies have documented drivers of demographic performance at the core of their distribution; however, relatively few studies have examined sage-grouse inhabiting the eastern extent of their range, in South Dakota. We sought to examine sage-grouse space use in multiple seasons, estimate survival, and determine factors affecting nest success in South Dakota …

Effect Of Protease Supplementation In Broiler Feed On Growth Performance, Carcass Yield And Total Nitrogen Retention In Fecal Matter And Litter, Jawad Al-Juboori

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of protease supplementation on commercial broiler performance, carcass yield, and nitrogen retention in fecal matter and litter. Total of 4,800 female (Ross 708) birds split into 96 floor pens, and randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. Birds were placed within 96, 5’x10’ floor pens in a randomized-block design at the SFASU Poultry Research Center. Birds were randomly divided among the pens at a stocking density of 1.00 ft2/bird (50 birds/pen*24 pens/treatment=1200 birds/treatment), and reared for 49 days on used pine shavings. The target average weight for the …

Evaluation Of Different Probiotic Strains Supplemented In Commercial Broiler Rations And Their Influences On Performance, Yield, And Intestinal Microbiota., Justin M. Glasscock

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to evaluate Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus subtilis, as probiotic strains compared to Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate (BMD) 50 as the antibiotic growth promotor, supplemented in commercial broiler rations and their influences on performance, yield, and intestinal microbiota. This trial was completed as a randomized-block design with 4,800 birds split into 96, 5’x10’ pens, and randomly assigned to one of eight treatment groups. The birds were placed at a stocking density of 1.00 ft²/bird, (50 birds/pen), and reared on used pine shaving for 55 days. Throughout the study, bird …

Evaluation Of A Bioprocessed Soybean Meal On Nursery Pig Immune Status And Disease Resistance, Jacob R. Koepke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Weaning is a stressful time in a piglet’s life that can have negative impacts on performance and health if not managed properly. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of a bioprocessed SBM alone or in combination with spray-dried plasma (SDP) or fishmeal (FM) on immune response at weaning with no imminent disease threat and during a porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) challenge. In the first trial, 239 pigs (initial BW 6.56 ± 0.87 kg, 21 d of age) were used in a 35-d study and allotted to one of 4 dietary treatments (10 pens/trt) according …

Nutritional Factors Modifying Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome In Caged Laying Hens, Chandi C. Rakshit

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three experiments each with two phases were conducted to study the effect of different levels of distillers dried grain (DDG), fat, oats and a mixture of oats and DDG on Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome (FLHS) in caged laying hens. The second phase of each experiment was conducted by force-feeding the same diets used in the first phase at 120% of their normal intakes. This produces FLHS and thereby permits studying the effect of diets. During the force-feeding period of the third experiment, serum estradiol levels of hens from each treatment and each type of feeding were measured to study the …

Comparative Nutritive Value Of Soybean Meal, Sunflower Meal, And Meat And Bone Meal For Egg Production, Smart M. Oruseibio

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two experiments were conducted over a period of two years to evaluate the comparative nutritive value of soybean meal, sunflower meal, and meat and bone meal. Experiment 1 consisted of 864 Babcock--3OO pullets randomly distributed into twelve diet treatments. Each treatment was replicated six-times with twelve birds per unit. Layers diets were formulated at 16, 14, and 12% protein levels with and without amino acid supplementation. The 12% amino acid supplemented level served as the control in the experiment. Soybean meal, sum-lower meal, and eat_ and bone meal were utilized as major sources of protein supplement in yellow-corn based diets. …

Effects Of Strain On Response Of Laying Hens To Low Protein Diets And Amino Acid Supplements, Ali B. Kashani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Corn is by far the most widely used cereal grain in the United States for poultry feeding. In addition to its high energy content, corn provides adequate amounts of the essential fatty acids for maximum rates of growth and egg production. Palatability and ample xanthophyll and provitamin A contents of fresh corn are some o the other contributing factors for its popularity in livestock feeding. The most serious limitation in the nutritional value of corn as well as other cereal grains lies in the fact that they are low in both quantity and quality of protein. It has been a …

Deterioration Of Eggshell Quality And Calcium Metabolism In Laying Hens, Chang Won Kang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study was undertaken to: (1) develop a reliable method of measuring eggshell quality, (2) determine whether diet alterations that cause a somewhat reduced rate of egg production could influence shell quality, and (3) determine whether certain biochemical parameters involved in calcium metabolism are related to shell quality.

Fatty Liver-Hemorrhagic Syndrome (Flhs) In Caged Laying Hens, Richard A. Nelson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A series of eleven experiments was conducted with caged laying hens to study the effects of diet and strain on production and fat accumulation in the liver. In Experiments 1 to 4, a normal ad libitum feeding regime was used, while in Experiments 5 to 11, a force-feeding technique was used as a procedure to increase the incidence of FLHS. Four commercial hybrid strains and a straightbred SCWL (Regional Control) strain were utilized in this study. Choline supplementation at 1500 mg/kg of diet increased egg production from 1 to 11% while decreasing total liver lipid as much as 50%. Supplementation …

Amino Acid Additions To A Low Protein Corn-Soy Diet For Egg Production, Ali Baghaye Kashani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study was conducted to determine if the protein level of layer diets could be lowered from the: commonly used 16 percent to 12 percent by supplementation of some of the essential amino acids without reducing the performance of hens. The amino acids used were methionine, lysine, tryptophan and isoleucine. Egg production, egg shell thickness, interior egg quality, body weight, feed efficiency and free amino acid content of the albumen of eggs produced were criteria used to measure the (--) to treatment.

Effects Of Fungus-Fermented Soybeans On Broiler Growth And Life Cycle Performance Of Coturnix Quail, Cheong Choo Chah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the extensive data that have accumulated on the detrimental effect of molds on the growth of farm animals, very little is known as to the beneficial role of fungi in animal feed. Recent studies at South Dakota State University research laboratories revealed, however, that only 164 of 392 strains of Aspergilli were found to be toxic. When the cultures were grown on sterile soybeans or wheat, some of the tested cultures exerted positive effects on growth of chicks and mice. Hence, the investigations reported herein were initiated to obtain further information on those cultures beneficial to chick performance and …

Effects Of Various Factors On The Rachitogenic Activity Of Isolated Soy Protein, Donald James Arshem

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The nature of the rachitogenic activity of isolated soy protein was investigated in fifteen studies. A RP-100-glucose purified diet was fed to day-old turkey poults housed in stainless steel batteries. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Corn, oat hulls, solvent-extracted soybean meal, full-fat extruded soybeans, C-1 protein, casein and texturized forms of soy protein were added to the basal diet at various levels. All feedstuffs were added at two particle sizes: natural form of the feedstuff (>250 u); and ground in a ball mill (<250 >u). The effects of autoclaving for 60 minutes at 120°C were also investigated. …

Effects Of Various Levels Of Dietary Selenium And Arsenic On Chickens, Richard L. Arnold

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Various levels of selenium and arsenic additions were made to several types of chicken diets to study their effects on growth and reproduction criteria. Three experiments were conducted. The first study involved day-old chicks and terminated at 64 weeks of age. These yearling hens were then used for the second experiments which terminated when the hens were 104 weeks old. The third study was initiated with 20 week old pullets and terminated when they were 52 weeks old. Feeding purified diets resulted in slower chick growth and lower mature body weights of hens. Selenium additions of 2.0 ppm resulted in …

The Effect Of Potassium-Iodide On The Embryological Development Of The Chick With Special Reference To The Growth Of The Long Bones., David M. Polot 1904-1978

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Comparative Metabolism Of Several Calcareous Minerals In Poultry Feeding, John T. Tripp

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In part one of this study it was found that chickens when given oyster shells, in addition to their regular diet, produced a greater number of eggs and eggs of greater shell strength than did the chickens that were given the other calcareous materials used in this experiment. Oyster shell was followed in the order of their effectiveness by clam shells, Black Hills limestone, Nenno chalk stone, and Wisconsin dolomitie limestone.