Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons^™

Production Of Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium Williamsoni) In Altered And Unaltered Reaches Of Two Intermountain Streams In Their Alluvial Flood Plains, Michael J. Ottenbacher

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Estimates of production and related parameters (growth rate, density, standing crop) were made for populations of mountain whitefish in altered and "unaltered" areas of the Blacksmith Fork and Logan River, Utah from spring 1975 through summer 1976. Capture records of marked whitefish were also analyzed to describe fish movement and check on assumptions implicit in the population estimator.

Mean weights and instantaneous growth rates of whitefish were similar at all sites for comparable size/age groups. Among sites, differences in production per sampling interval and annual production were due mainly to differences in standing crop and/or age structure.

Estimates of mountain …

The Relationship Of Food Conversion Efficiency And Growth Potential In Juvenile Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis, Joseph J. Cech Jr., Michael J. Massingill, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

New information concerning respiratory metabolic rates of juvenile mosquitofish (i = 915 mg 02 kg-1 h-1 at 20° C) was applied to existing data on mosquitofish respiration and combined with findings on growth and food consumption rates to determine percentages of net ingested energy used for growth and respiration over a 10- 35° C temperature range. The energy percentage used by mosquitofish for respiration was minimized at 25-30° C while that used for growth (= food conversion efficiency) was maximized at the same temperature. A calculated growth potential index, derived from an overall energy balance equation, was also maximized at …

Biology, Reproductive Potential And The Impact Of Fishing Pressure On The Bluegill Fishery Of Pelican Lake, Uintah County, Utah, Bob D. Burdick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Certain aspects of the biology of two species of fish, bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and the assessment of fishing pressure upon the sport fishery of Pelican Lake, Uintah County, Utah, a 680 ha warmwater lake, were studied between April 1, 1976 and June 30, 1978. The growth rate of bluegills (sexes combined) was fairly rapid; the mean back-calculated total lengths from ages one through nine were 55, 112, 166, 194, 211, 229, 245, 256 and 259 mm. The growth of largemouth bass was 104, 194, 271, 316, 350, 405 and 416 mm …

Interrelationships Between Benthic Macroinvertebrates And Habitat In A Mountain Stream, John M. Payne

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study to determine habitat differences of benthic macroinvertebrates was conducted on the upper Strawberry River, Utah. The investigation was part of a large scale project to determine minimum stream flow requirements for trout. The effects of time, habitat, depth and velocity on the distribution of benthic fauna were evaluated.

Samples of benthic invertebrates (146 total) were collected every 2 months at 8 stations on the river from November, 1975 through August, 1976. Representatives of 59 taxa were collected. Eight taxa comprised 90 percent of the mean annual community standing crop in numbers. Biomass was not dominated by any group …

Bait Shyness And Neophobia In Several Species Of Osteichthyes: An Extension Of Taste Aversion Studies To The Superclass Pices, Brent W. Roberts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three experiments were conducted with five species of tropical fish to investigate the phenomena of taste aversion and food neophobia. In addition, an experiment determined specifically if position in the tank could acquire conditioned aversive properties.

In Experiment 1 , four habituated fish were fed novel meat-flavored pellets on the treatment day. Six were made ill within 30, 60, or 90 minutes (2 subjects each) by intragastric administration of syrup or Epicac. The following day all were fed familiar commercial pellets. On the second day after treatment, all were offered the meat-flavored pellets. Results showed longer latencies, more tasting, and …

Adaptive Significance Of Lactate Dehydrogenase B2 Isozymes In Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri And A Biochemical Genetic Comparison Of Cutthroat Trout (Salmo Clarki) Populations, Gerald Thomas Klar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rainbow trout lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) B²' B²' , B²' B²" and B²" B²" phenotypes were tested under a variety of conditions for swimming endurance, oxygen consumption rates, and blood pH, pO₂, and lactate. The B²" B²" phenotype exhibited a lower swimming endurance, under a limited oxygen supply, than the B²' B²' and B²' B²" phenotypes. Blood pH at fatigue did not differ among the LOH phenotypes that swam under low oxygen conditions (2 mg/1). …

Physiological Response To Hooking Stress In Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides), A. Wayne Gustaveson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Recent concern about large initial and delayed mortalities resulting from tournament angling for largemouth bass has indicated that it would be desirable to further evaluate the fate of fish that are released after being captured by angling. This study was designed to evaluate sublethal physiological disruptions caused by hooking stress after largemouth bass were played under standardized conditions (0-5 minutes) and to estimate the time needed for recovery of the homeostatic mechanisms (to 72 hours). Blood lactate was used as a measure of metabolic fatigue; plasma osmolality and chloride measurements were used to evaluate osmoregulatory disturbances and gill ion-exchange; and …

Population Dynamics And Net Production Of Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) In Two Areas Of A High Gradient Mountain Stream, Jeffrey C. Gosse

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Estimates of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) population were made in two areas of the Blacksmith Fork River, Cache County, Utah, from June 1972 to June 1973. Additional data were obtained on movement, growth, mortality, biomass, production, and yield.

Population density was highly variable in the area where habitat alterations had occurred, but was relatively uniform where the habitat was undisturbed. The brown trout exhibited little movement except during spawning season. Instantaneous growth and mortality rates are provided for each age group.

Mean annual biomass in the two areas was 12.0 and 10.2 grams per square meter and …

Multiple Hemoglobins In Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, And Cutthroat Trout, Salmo Clarkii, Jeffrey Carl Braman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nine hemoglobins from adult rainbow trout have been isolated by starch gel electrophoresis using a Trisborate buffer system, pH 8.7. Six fast and two slow anodally migrating hemoglobins, and one slow cathodally migrating hemoglobin were observed in all specimens.

The nine hemoglobins have been purified by DEAE cellulose ion exchange chromatography followed by starch gel electrophoresis.

The subunit structure of each purified hemoglobin has been partially examined by gel electrofocusing (GEF) in .5 percent polyacrylamide gels containing 8M urea and lmM dithiothereitol (DTT). Tetrameric combinations of one, two, three, and four polypeptide chains are present.

Twelve hemoglobins have been isolated …

Laboratory Apparatus For Providing Diel Temperature Regimes For Aquatic Animals, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, G. Davis

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

In studies of the effects of elevated temperature on aquatic organisms, little emphasis has been placed on modeling the fluctuating temperatures to which organisms are exposed in nature. To some extent this may be related to problems of design and maintenance of apparatus for fluctuating temperature control. The complexity of apparatus used to provide cycled temperatures has ranged from manually controlled valves for introducing water of different temperatures into aquariums (Kelso 1972), to a complex and expensive feedback system, regulated by rotating cams, that controls the temperature of influent water (Honeywell Cam Programmer Thermometers, Fort Washington, Pennsylvania). To facilitate studies …

Food And Distribution Of Underyearling Brook And Rainbow Trout In Castle Lake, California, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, R. Brocksen, C. Goldman

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

A difference was found in the summer distribution of underyearling brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), and planted rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, in Castle Lake, California. Brook trout underyearlings oriented to the bottom and were found primarily in shallow water on the eastern shore of the lake near springs. The rainbow trout underyearlings were more pelagic and were found in the littoral areas along the entire shoreline. Gravimetrically, the food eaten during the summer by brook trout underyearlings was 13% terrestrial, 11% limnetic, and 76% benthic. Rainbow trout ate 15% terrestrial, 15% limnetic, and 70% benthic food. In summer, rainbow …

An Evaluation Of In-Stream Structures Designed To Provide Fish Habitat, Charles H. Call Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In-stream concrete structures were studied through model tests and river tests. The model studies indicated that four designs provided good habitat in the model stream. These structures were the inverted weir, the "V" structure, the slab with legs and the cylinder. Through the river studies it was determined that these structures did not influence enough of the total river area to be effective in providing good fish habitat. Also an appreciable amount of yearly maintenance would be required to free the structures from silting in, debris, and vandalism. The slab with legs was the only promising structure.

An Evaluation Of Stress Induced Mortality Of Stocked Catchable-Sized Rainbow Trout In Temple Fork Of The Logan River, Robert Earl Gresswell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The level of stress imposed by population pressure, handling and live transportation on planted catchable-sized rainbow trout in a northern Utah stream was examined. Production of adrenocorticotrophin, as measured by interrenal ascorbic acid and serum cortisol levels, did not occur in transported or planted fish.

Dead or moribund fish collected from stream or live boxes comprised 13 percent of the 2,000 fish planted. Aeromonas salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis, was isolated from 41 percent of 106 moribund fish sampled. In addition, 39 percent of the samples exhibited bacterial growth other than A. salmonicida. Apparently, handling, transportation, and planting did …

Fish Production And Movements In The Lower Logan River, Utah, Eric P. Bergersen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Following the abatement of domestic sewage pollution xii in the lower Logan River , the fish population was investigated in terms of abundance, growth, fecundity, production, mortality, age class structure, species diversity, distribution and movements during 1970 and 1971.

Three general groupings of fish were identified in the study area on the basis of species composition, abundance and distribution using a cluster analysis technique. These were located in 1) the tributary stream (7-Mile Creek) which previously transported sewage to the river and 2) above and 3) below 7-Mile Creek in the main stream of the Logan River. A "transition" population …

Effects Of Exercise On Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity Of Catchable-Size Hatchery Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, Gerlad T. Klar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Effects of exercise and the relative condition of exercised fish were viii evaluated for two strains of rainbow trout. Circular tanks fitted with a paddle were used to continuously exercise the fish and a stamina tunnel was used to evaluate the condition of exercised trout. Trout were exercised continuously at one fish-length per second and one-half fish length per second. Serum LDH activity in Shephard-of-the-Hills (Missouri) rainbow trout acclimated to 10 C increased two fold during the first four days of exercise. Serum LDH activity returned to control levels by the tenth day of exercise. Serum LDH activity in Shephard-of-the-Hills …

Mechanisms Of Population Regulation In Confined Colonies Of Peromyscus Maniculatus (Wagner) And The Response To Exploitation, Donna Corn Olsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wild-trapped and laboratory-reared Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner) were raised as confined colonies indoors with various stocking densities ranging from 0.026 to 0.100 mice per sq. ft. in pens of 40, 77, and 154 sq. ft. The animals were individually tagged and all pens were censused at weekly or semi-monthly intervals to record animals present, body weights, food consumption, and overt reproductive condition. At the termination of each experiment, all mice were necropsied and organ weights of gonads and adrenals recorded. Histological sections were made of the testes and ovaries. Half the colonies were subjected to density-independent exploitation by removal of 50% …

Trout Movements In A Small Mountain Stream, Thomas Mark Twedt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five groups of 400 hatchery rainbow trout, (Salmo gairdneri), were stocked in a small, mountain stream at 3-week intervals from June to September, 1972. A fish trap captured any fish moving out of a 500 m study section.

Fish began moving at high levels during the first day of each stocking and continued at high rates for 5-8 days (Early Phase), after which movement decreased to low levels for 6-9 days (Late Phase). Early Phase fish moved primarily at night, possibly due to their disoriented state and high subjectivity to stream conditions. Fish moving during Late Phase did …

An Analysis Of Stock Densities And Harvest Of The Cutthroat Trout Of The Snake River, Teton County, Wyoming, John W. Kiefling

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An intensive creel census and marking program was conducted in 1969 and 1970 to make possible population estimates and estimates of harvest of cutthroat trout in the Snake River in Teton County, Wyoming. Stock density determinations made in one of the five study areas provided an estimate of 400 and 992 cutthroat trout, eight inches or more in length, per mile of stream in 1969 and 1970 respectively.

Harvest data provide an estimate of 5,207 and 5,903 cutthroat trout harvested in 1969 and 1970 respectively. The harvest estimates obtained in this study are not comparable to those made in 1967 …

Some Aspects Of Conditioning Behavior In Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, Reed E. Harris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Effects of exercise, social facilitation, and delayed conditioning after vi exercise on the learning behavior of 5 to 6-inch rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, was measured in a conditioned avoidance response apparatus. The conditioning schedule contained an intertrial interval between alternate presentations of conditioned (light) and unconditioned (shock) stimuli. This randomization eliminated learning losses found in a previous study. Mean percentage avoidance, the measurement of learning, did not decrease significantly during conditioning trials. Exercised fish learned avoidance better than did non-exercised fish. Mean percentage avoidance for fish exercised at 0.5 ft/sec was 66.3; at 1.0 ft/ sec, 1.5 ft/sec, and …

Spawning And Early Life History Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) In Wahweap Bay, Lake Powell, Kent D. Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Spawning time and habitat of largemouth bass, survival of embryos, and growth and food habits of fingerlings were studied in 1968 and 1969 at Wahweap Bay, Lake Powell. Spawning began in mid- to late-April, when mean daily water temperature at nesting depths was 14.4-15.0 Centigrade (58-59 Fahreheit), and continued until mid-June. Most spawning took place on the northeast shore of the bay. Sandstone rubble was the most commonly used bottom type for nesting, either at the base of ledges or around large sandstone boulders. Mean nest depth increased from 1.63 meter to 4.54 meters (5.36 feet to 14.90 feet) in …

Effects Of Starvation And Time At Stocking On Survival Of Stocked Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, Marlin John Bricker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Investigations of effects of starvation and time at stocking on the survival of catchable rainbow trout in two areas of Mammoth Creek in Dixie National Forest, Utah, were conducted from May 24 to December 6, 1969. Fish were starved for 6 days and 1 day and stocked in the morning (5:40-7:00 a.m.) and in the afternoon (1:45-5:30 p.m.). Out of 7,000 tagged fish stocked, 4,751 tags were returned by fishermen. The 6-day starved fish, stocked in the morning returned to the creel in highest numbers (1,240); followed by 1-day starved, afternoon-stocked fish (1,194); 6-day starved, afternoon-stocked fish (1,163); and 1-day …

The Value Of A Trout Stream Fishery, Archie Allen Dyer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The data analysis indicated that travel distance, user age, and user income level are important determinants of use of trout streams.

These variables were incorporated into regression analysis to develop a use-prediction model.

This use-prediction model was used to determine predicted use levels of sample streams. The predicted use levels combined with travel costs and expenditures on new fishing equipment were used to derive a statistical estimate of the demand schedules for the sample streams.

These statistical demand curves were subjected to consumer surplus procedures to determine the values of the sample streams.

Eutrophication Trends Of Bear Lake, Idaho-Utah And Their Effect On The Distribution And Biological Productivity Of Zooplankton, David Nyquist

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Zooplankton of the littoral and limnetic zones of Bear Lake, Idaho-Utah, were collected over a 17-month period. Twenty-three species of zooplankton were recorded, as well as nine other species represented by both flora and fauna. At the time of sampling 17 physical and chemical parameters were also measured. Methods of analysis for the plankton and the environment are described and discussed.

The objectives of this project were fourfold:

1. To establish a record of the current zooplankton population before changes due to the increase of organic nutrients occur.
2. To compile a qualitative and quantitative standard against which future populations can be …

Factors Affecting The Waterfowl Hunter Utilization And The Waterfowl Kill At The Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, 1960-61, Stephen V. Goddard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In 1960 there were 1,955, 000 waterfowl hunters in the United States. These hunters spent $89,431, 000 (an average of $45.74 per individual) and 15,158, 000 hunter days in the field. The hunting population will increase 35 percent by 1975 (Anonymous, 1960).

The large increase in hunters will bring a proportional increase in the demand for places to hunt. Many states face the problem of providing enough public hunting for such an army of sportsmen. Studies by Kozlik (1958) in California, Gordinier (1957) and Friley (1959) in Michigan, and Bednarik (1957, 1961) in Ohio point out some of the problems …

Observations Of Pituitary Hormone Injections And Ripening Of Fish, D. K. Kaushik

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A dependable source of quality fish spawn is a fundamental prerequisite for fish culture development. This is especially important inasmuch as most of the cultivable species do not breed in confined waters. Also, sport fisheries are gaining greater popularity, and subsequently the fish supply is being taxed. Still another need for fish spawn is in the ever increasing demand for bait minnows. Also, the construction of more and more dams has resulted in insurmountable obstacles for ascending and descending fish, which may ultimately result in complete destruction of some fisheries. Thus some measure of artificial propagation will have to be …

A Study Of The Parasites From Rainbow Trout Of A Commercial Fish Farm In Cache Valley, Utah, Kenneth L. Jones

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the biennial period July 1, 1956 to June 30, 1958 the 12 state fish hatcheries in Utah produced and stocked in the waters of the state 20,092,902 fish weighing a total of 1,528,787 pounds, at a cost varying between 69 and 75 cents per pound. The cost figure depends upon what expenditures are included (Don Andriano, 1960). A substantial mortality occurs at the fish hatcheries in the state of Utah. The determination of the cause of any given loss is complicated by a number of factors. This is especially true of losses which may be due secondarily to parasites …

Observations On The Life History Of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus (Rafinesque) In Utah Lake, Utah, Robert E. Lawler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), was first introduced into Utah Lake in the summer of 1911, and has since been stocked in the lake on numerous occasions. It has only been in the last few years that the channel catfish has become an important game fish in Utah. As the value of the channel catfish, as a game fish, increased, it has become increasingly important to the state to maintain this species for present and future generations. This study was initiated in 1958 and completed in 1960, and was financed by the Utah State Department of Fish and Game. …

Relationship Of Certain Environmental Factors To Benthic Fish Densities In Bear Lake, Idaho-Utah, Thomas J. Hassler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The project was initiated in June of 1958 and financed by the National Science Foundation and the Wildlife Management Department of Utah State University.

The broad aspects of the study were to determine if a relationship exists between certain physical and biological factors and benthic fish densities. The project vas divided into two parts: (l) to determine the time and extent of thermal stratification, zooplankton densities, conductivity changes within the lake and conductivity differences between the lake and its tributaries; (2) to determine it a relationship exist between benthic fish densities, temperatures, depths, conductivities and benthic zooplankton densities. The data …

Limnological Studies On Hyrum Reservoir, In Northern Utah, Royal A. Rich

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

With an ever increasing fishing pressure on our natural and artificial lakes every measure possible must be taken to preserve the sport for its many thousands of participants.

Hyrum Reservoir is easily accessible to the fishermen of northern Utah. In recent years the lake has offered little in the way of fishing. It is hoped that the information accumulated in this study will help pave the way to a successful stocking program and that Hyrum Reservoir will be one of the productive fishing areas available to Utah anglers.

The objectives of this investigation were:

1. To determine the extent of area …

Life History Notes On The Walleye, Stizostedion Vitreum Vitreum (Mitchill) In A Turbid Water, Utah Lake, Utah, Billy B. Arnold

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Early in 1952, walleye fry were stocked for the first time in Utah Lake. Subsequent plants were made in 1954, 1955 and 1956. Altogether, over two million fry have been stocked.

By January, 1958, it was felt sufficient time had elapsed for the species to establish patterns of growth, reproduction, food habits and consequent relationships to the new environment. Thus, on January 1, 1958, a Federal Aid to Fisheries project, number DJ F-4-R-5, job T, was initiated. This project was entitled "investigations of Yellow Pikeperch and Channel Catfish of Utah Lake, Utah County." Although the closing date was December 31, …