Animal Sciences Commons^™

Genetic Relationships Among Different Brown Swiss Cattle Herds In Turkey, Ceyhan Özbeyaz, Mehmet Ali̇ Yildiz, Handan Çamdevi̇ren

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Average heterozygosity (h^-_s), F-statistics and genetic distance (d_ij) of different Brown Swiss cattle herds in Turkey (Malya, Konuklar and Anadolu State Farms, Eskişehir Sugar Factory Farm and Van Agriculture Secondary School Farm) were compared with each other by using Hb, Tf, Am-I, Am-II and Cp (monomorphic) loci. Average heterozygosity values were estimated to be 0.2371 ± 0.1076 to 0.2876 ± 0.1027 and there were no significant differences among herds. F-statistics F^~_IS_w, F^~_IT_w and F^~_ST_w were estimated to be 0.0601 (p

New Beef Zone - The Potential For Beef And Cattle Industry Expansion In The Western Australian Wheatbelt, Alan Peggs, Andrew Quinn, Jason Kelly

Animal production and livestock published reports

Agriculture Western Australia (WA) recently completed a comprehensive analysis of the Western Australian beef and cattle industry entitled, “Rising Above the Herd” (Quin and Manners 1999). A key finding was the need to determine areas where store cattle could be produced competitively in the future. This was in the light of beef production in existing areas such as the South West and western South Coast being “squeezed” out by competition from alternative enterprises. This analysis has been prepared at the request of Agriculture WA to determine the potential for the Wheatbelt to produce store cattle competitively.

The study:

• embraces a …

Bulletin 4422 - Exotic Diseases - Cattle, Agriculture Western Australia

Bulletins 4000 -

An exotic disease is a disease that is not present in Australia.

If an exotic disease did occur in Australia it would cause· production losses, stock deaths and stop exports of primary production. When export markets are lost they can only be re-established once it is proven the disease is eradicated

Assessing Factors That May Predispose Minnesota Farms To Wolf Depredations On Cattle, L. David Mech, Elizabeth K. Harper, Thomas J. Meier, William J. Paul

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock cause considerable conflict and expense in Minnesota. Furthermore, claims are made that such depredations are fostered by the type of animal husbandry practiced. Thus, we tried to detect factors that might predispose farms in Minnesota to wolf depredations. We compared results of interviews with 41 cattle farmers experiencing chronic cattle losses to wolves (chronic farms) with results from 41 nearby "matched" farms with no wolf losses to determine farm characteristics or husbandry practices that differed and that therefore might have affected wolf depredations. We also used a Geographic Information System (GIS) to …

Rising Above The Herd - An Analysis Of The Western Australian Beef & Cattle Industry (Executive Summary Document), Andrew Quinn, Ashley Manners

Animal production and livestock published reports

This report has been produced at the request of the Agriculture Western Australia, Meat Program Partnership Group. The intention of the report is to set out a number of priority areas for concentrated Agency and industry attention to assist with the development of the Western Australian beef and cattle industry.

• Global per capita consumption of beef is currently flat to slowly reducing, with total consumption volumes rising in line with population and wealth increases.

• Global trade in live cattle is experiencing a slow, steady increase in volumes influenced by trade factors encouraging in-country processing and finishing of cattle, and a …

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A Survey Of Hypodermosisin Cattle Slaughtered In Thrace (Trakya) Turkey, Aynur Gülanber, Erkut Tüzer, Ayşen Gargili, Müfi̇t Toparlak, İlker Efi̇l, Vedat Keleş, Meltem Ulutaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, a total of 365 cattle (234 male, 131 female) slaughtered in different localities in Thrace (The European part of Turkey) were examined for hypodermosis between January and May of 1997. Hypoderma bovis, H. lineatum and unidentified 2nd instar larvae were found in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the back region of the animals. The prevalence rate and intensity of infestation were 3.56% and 10.23 respectively.

Determination Of Anti- Toxoplasma Gondiiantibodies In Cattle In Elazığ And Environs By Sabin-Feldman (Sf) Test, Müni̇r Aktaş, Cahi̇t Babür, K. Zafer Karaer, Nazi̇r Dumanli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Toxoplasma gondii pseudocysts in cattle are sources of infection for humans. Therefore, cattle toxoplasmosis is a very important factor in public health. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of cattle toxoplasmosis. A total of 122 cattle from different age groups were selected in Elazığ and environs. Blood samples were taken and sera were collected. Serum samples were kept at -20^0 C until further examination. The values of toxoplasmosis seroprevalence were determined by SF test for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Antibodies were detected in 86 out of 122 cattle sera (70.49%). Fifty-four (62.75%), 26 (30.23%), 6 (6.97%) …

Cattle And Amblyomma Variegatum Odors Used In Host Habitat And Host Finding By The Tick Parasitoid, Ixodiphagus Hookeri, Fanuel A. Demas, Ahmed Hassanali, Esther N. Mwangi, Edna C. Kunjeku, Audrey R. Mabveni

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The response of mated naive Ixodiphagus hookeri females to cattle and Amblyomma variegatum nymphal odors was tested in a Y-tube olfactometer. I. hookeri females were attracted to cattle urine, dung, and odors from tick- free feeding sites of A. variegatum nymphs on cattle, e.g., dewlaps, front heels, and hind heels. Tick-free scrotal odors did not attract the parasitoids. Furthermore, odors from off-host unfed and fed A. variegatum nymphs did not attract the parasitoids, despite an increase in the number of the nymphs to amplify any odor signal. A blend of odors from feeding on-host nymphs and cattle scrota attracted the …

Detection Of Leptospira Species By Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr) In Urine Of Cattle, Burhan Çeti̇nkaya, Hasan Basri̇ Ertaş, Hasan Öngör, Adi̇le Muz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalance of leptospirosis in the urine of cattle slaughtered in three major abattoirs in the east of Turkey. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on a pair of genus-specific primers was used to detect leptospiral DNA in the urine samples of 473 cattle, 284 of which were from Elazig, 112 from Malatya and 77 from Diyarbakir. The detection limit of the method was determined to be approximately five bacteria per ml of urine. In the examination of urine samples, 4.02% (19/473) (95% confidence intervals [Cl] 2.4-6.2) were found to be positive by …

The Effects Of Weaning Age On The Growth, Milk And Milk Fat Characteristics Of Brown Swiss Cattle, Mete Yanar, Recep Aydin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this research, the effects of early weaning on the growth rate and milk production characteristics of Brown Swiss cattle in later years were investigated. The calves used in the study were weaned at 5, 7 and 9 weeks of age, and the weights obtained at 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months of age were not significantly affected by the age of weaning. The weight gains determined between 6 and 18 months of ages with 3-month intervals were also not significantly affected by the different ages of weaning. The various ages of weaning did not result in a significant …

Determination Of Prevalence Of Paratuberculosis In Dairy Cattle By Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr), Burhan Çeti̇nkaya, Adi̇le Muz, Hasan Basri̇ Ertaş, Hasan Öngör, İ. Yavuz Sezen, H. Basri̇ Gülcü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in ElazİÛ and the surrounding villages. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on IS900, an insertion sequence specific to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, was used to detect mycobacterial DNA in milk samples of 500 dairy cows. The detection limit of the PCR was assessed by spiking a known negative milk sample with a dilution series (1x10 9 to 10 bacteria/ml) of reference M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis culture). In the agarose gel examination of the PCR amplified products, approximately 50 bacteria/ml were detected. In the examination …

Rising Above The Herd - An Analysis Of The Western Australian Beef & Cattle Industry, Andrew Quinn, Ashley Manners

Animal production and livestock published reports

This report has been produced at the request of the Agriculture Western Australia, Meat Program Partnership Group. The intention of the report is to set out a number of priority areas for concentrated Agency and industry attention to assist with the development of the Western Australian beef and cattle industry.

• Global per capita consumption of beef is currently flat to slowly reducing, with total consumption volumes rising in line with population and wealth increases.

• Global trade in live cattle is experiencing a slow, steady increase in volumes influenced by trade factors encouraging in-country processing and finishing of cattle, and a …

  ---

  Go to article

Trypanosome Infection Rate In Cattle At Nguruman, Kenya, R. A. Tarimo-Nesbitt, T. K. Golder, R. D. Dransfield, M. F. Chaudhury, R. Brightwell

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Trypanosome infection rate in cattle at Nguruman was investigated in a study conducted in 1984-1986. Shifting pastoralism significantly reduced trypanosome infections in cattle. The cattle were more heavily infected with Trypanosoma congolense (16.5%) than Trypanosoma vivax (4.95%) and Trypanosoma brucei (0.19%). Trypanosoma theileri was observed only once among the cattle examined. Mixed trypanosome infections in cattle were observed to be 2.75% and 0.014% for T. congolense/T. vivax and T. congolense/T. brucei, respectively. The duration of infection in the cattle was 55 days for T. congolense and 79 days for T. vivax. High infections in cattle were observed 2 months after …

Review Of New Information On The Use Of Wet And Dry Milling Feed By-Products In Feedlot Diets, Rick Stock, J. M. Lewis, Terry J. Klopfenstein, C. T. Milton

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The processing of grains to produce human foods, beverages, or fuel ethanol has resulted in a wide variety of associated feed by-products. Hominy feed and distillers by-products are feed by-products associated with two distinctly different drymilling industries. Hominy feed contains approximately 57% starch, 11% CP, and 5% fat (DM basis). When fed to finishing cattle, hominy feed has approximately 87% the net energy value of corn. Distillers by-products contain 25 to 32% CP and 13 to 16% fat (DM basis). Wet distillers by-products have approximately 97 to 147% the net energy value of corn. The energy value of wet distillers …

Evaluation Of Nitrogen And Organic Matter Balance In The Feedlot As Affected By Level And Source Of Dietary Fiber, S. Bierman, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, Rick A. Stock, D. H. Shain

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A trial was conducted to determine the effect of level and source of dietary fiber on N and OM excretion by cattle on finishing diets. One hundred twenty steers were stratified by weight and allotted to one of the following treatments: 7.5% roughage (7.5% R), wet corn gluten feed (WCGF; 41.5% of dietary DM), and all-concentrate (All Con) diet. Cattle were fed for 87 d during the summer with 23.7 m² of pen area per animal. Steers fed the WCGF diet had heavier final weights, greater DMI, and higher ADG ( P < .01) than the 7.5% R and All Con treatments. Steers fed All Con had lower ( P < .01) DMI than the other two treatments. Nitrogen and OM mass balances in the feedlot were quantified. Main components were nutrient input, retention, and excretion. Nitrogen and OM intake of steers fed WCGF were greater ( P < .05) than those of steers fed the other treatments. The WCGF treatment had a greater percentage of fecal N output ( P < .05). The All Con treatment had a greater ( P < .01) percentage of urinary N than WCGF and 7.5% R diets. Steers fed the WCGF treatment excreted more ( P < .01) OM compared with the other treatments, which led to more N and OM being removed in manure at cleaning. The All Con treatment had more ( P < .01) N and OM in runoff than the other treatments. Nutrition can change site of fermentation, which affects the composition of excreted material; however, total amount of N excreted may be more important than route of excretion in decreasing N losses to the environment and maximizing recovery in manure.

Effect Of Dietary Phosphorus On Finishing Steer Performance, Bone Status, And Carcass Maturity, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, C. T. Milton, D. Hanson, Chris Calkins

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Yearling crossbred steers (n = 60; 386 kg) were individually fed in a completely randomized experimental design to determine their P requirement. Treatments were in a factorial arrangement with two levels of Ca (.35 or .70% of DM) and five concentrations of P (.14, .19, .24, .29, or .34% of DM). The finishing diet consisted of 34.5% dry-rolled corn, 22.5% brewers grits, 22.5% corn bran, 7.5% ground corncobs, 5% molasses, 3% fat, and 5% supplement. Supplemental P was provided as monosodium phosphate and Ca as limestone. Ash content was determined on the first phalanx bone from the lower front legs …

Efficacy Of Moxidectin Against Gastrointestinal Nematodesin Naturally Infected Lambs And Calves, Erkut Tüzer, Müfi̇t Toparlak, Kazim Göksu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this trial based on the reduction of the egg output and on the evaluation of results from larval/egg differentiation, moxidectin (Cydectin, 1% injectable moxidectin) administrated subcutaneously at a dose of 0.2 mg kgbw -1 was found effective on the gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected lambs (8 female and 7 male treatment; 8 female and 7 male control) harbored Haemonchus spp, Ostertagia spp, Trichostrongylus spp and Nematodirus spp and in naturally infected female calves (20 treatment and 10 control) harbored Haemonchus spp, Ostertagia spp, Trichostrongylus spp, Bunostomum sppand Cooperia spp.The efficacy was 100% on day +7, 99.9% on day +14 …

Determination Of Seroprevalence Of Leptospirosis In Cattle In Elazığ, Burhan Çeti̇nkaya, Hasan Basri̇ Ertaş, Adi̇le Muz, Hasan Öngör, Hakan Kalender, Vi̇ldan Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Serum samples collected from randomly-selected 395 cattle between June-November 1997 from the districts and central villages of Elazığ were used to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospirosis in cattle. Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) was used to examine serum samples for antibodies to L. hardjo, L. grippotyphosa, L. pomona and L. icterohaemorrhagiae. Positive results were obtained from eight (2.03%) samples; seven (1.77%) of which were agglutinated with L. hardjo and one (0.25%) with L. grippotyphosa antigens. There was a statistically significant difference when the seropositivity rates were compared in different districts (p=0.002). Age and sex were not determined to affect the frequency …

Prevalence Of Liver Fluke Infections In Slaughtered Animals In Trakya(Thrace), Turkey, Ayşen Gargili, Erkut Tüzer, Aynur Gülenber, Müfi̇t Toparlak, İlker Efi̇l, Vedat Keleş, Meltem Ulutaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of liver fluke infections in cattle and sheep in Trakya (The European Part of Turkey). For this purpose the slaughterhouses of different localities (Tekirdağ, Hadimköy, Lüleburgaz, Çorlu, Kırklareli and Keşan) were visited between 03.03.1997 and 22.10.1997, and a total of 476 sheep and 415 cattle livers were examined. The prevalence rates of fasciolosis hepatica and dicrocoeliosis dendriticum were 3.99% and 23.55% in sheep, and 0.48% and 2.65% in cattle respectively. No changes in livers, which led to the partial or total condemnation, were observed.

Effect Of Macroscopic Classification Of Bovine Ovarian Follicles On Steroidogenicactivities Of Granulosa Cells In Vitro, Mehmet Kuran

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to investigate relationships between steroidogenic characteristics and abilities, and some macroscopic characteristics of bovine ovarian follicles and to relate this criterion to the physiological status of the follicles. Follicular fluid of 5 to 8 mm diameter follicles from bovine ovaries (n=46) were analysed and steroidogenic activities of granulosa cells were studied. For the macroscopic classification of the follicles (n=232), appearence of the follicles, thecal vascularization, the colour of theca interna and the presence of follicular debri were determined. Follicles were classified as non-atretic, intermediate and atretic using the cri-terion above. Oestradiol-17b concenration was higher than progesterone concentration …

Heritability Estimation Of Milk Production Of Cows Of Different Origin And Breed In Karacabey State Farm, İsmet Doğan, Okan Ertuğrul

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to estimate heritability (h^2), a useful criterion, in the improvement studies which would be conducted to improve milk productivity in the Karacabey State Farm. A total of 760 cows, of which milk yield records were used in the study in different lactation period, consisted of 111 American Browns , 142 American Holsteins , 87 German Browns , 130 Swiss Browns , 83 Holland Holsteins and 207 Karacabey Browns. Milk yields were corrected according to the 2x305ME standardisation procedure. Furthermore, coefficients of relationship were calculated separately for Brown and Holstein cows using the pedigree cards …

Eosinophilic Myositis In A Cattle, Ayhan Atasever

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Eosinophilic myositis was described in the M. longissimus lumborum, M. latissimus dorsi, M. gluteus muscles of Holstein bull aged 18 month-old. Diffuse lesions were seen grossly. They were well-demarked, in green colour and 2-3 mm in diameter. Diffuse eosinophilic myositis were diagnosed microscopically.

Prevalence Of Cryptosporidium Spp. Infection And Its Relation To Other Entericpathogens (Escherichia Coli K 99 And Rotavirus) In Cattle In Ankara, Turkey, Zisan Emre, B. Metin Alabay, Hatice Fi̇danci, Ali Düzgün, Harun Çerçi̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Faecal samples of 172 diarrhoeic and 130 non-diarrhoeic cattle were examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts. The prevalence of infection in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic cattle was 63.3% and 69.2%, respectively. The infection was prevalent in cattle over three years old, in both diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic animals. In both groups, oocyst sheeding level of (+) was the most common. Cryptosporidium-positive faecal specimens were examined for the presence of Escherichia coli K 99 and rotavirus. E. coli K 99 was isolated from the faeces of 35 (32.1%) diarrhoeic and 23 (25.5%) non-diarrhoeic animals. Rotavirus was not detected in any of the …

Prevalence Of Mix Infectionsof Crytosporidium Spp. Eschricia Coli K99 And Rotavirus In The Faeces Of Diarrhoeic And Healty Cattle In Ankara..., Zişan Emre, Hatice Fi̇danci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Faecai specimens from 172 diarrhoeic and 130 healthy cattle were examined for the presence of Crytosporidium spp., Eschricia coli K99 and Rotavirus in Ankara, Turkey. The prevalence of the Crytosporidium spp. infection in diarrhoeic and non-dierrhoeic cattle was 63.3% and 69.2%, respectively. Crytosporidium positive faecal specimens were examined for the presence of E. coli K99 and Rotavirus. E. coli K99 was isolated from the feaces of 35 diarrhoeic (32.1%) and 23 healthy (25.5%) animals. Rotavirus was not detected in any of feacal samples. In vitro drug sensitivities indicated that E. coli K99 was sensitive to Nalidixic acid in both diarrhoeic …

Prevalence Of Bovine Eimeridosis In Thracia, Turkey, M. Özkan Arslan, Erkut Tüzer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, 768 faecal samples were examined between June 1993-May 1994 to determine the species and the prevalence rates of Eimeriidae in the cattle of Thracia area (The European part of Turkey). The prevalence rate of eimeridosis was found to be 68%. The species determined and their prevalence rates were as follows: Eimeria bovis(34%), E.auburnensis(27%), E.zeuernii(26%), E.ellipsoiDalıs (14%), E.canadensis (12%), E.cylindrica (7.9%), E.supspherica (7.2%), E.alabamensis (4.9%), E.bukidnonensis (2.2%), E.brasiliensis (0.8%) and Isospora sp. (1.2%). Of 768 animals, 29% were found to be infected with single species, 39% with mixed ones and 32% were non-infected. During the study, two calves …

Genetic And Environmental Parameters For Ovulation Rate, Twinning Rate, And Weight Traits In A Cattle Population Selected For Twinning, K. E. Gregory, G. L. Bennett, L. Dale Van Vleck, S. E. Echternkamp, Larry V. Cundiff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A project was implemented in 1981 with the objective of increasing twinning rate in cattle. Daughters of foundation sires had twin calves at a frequency of from 8 to 13%, and foundation females had twin calves at an average frequency of 50%. Data were analyzed on twinning rate, ovulation rate, and weight traits. The h² of ovulation rate increased from .11 to .38 for a single estrous cycle to the mean of eight estrous cycles. From all data, h² for single observation of ovulation rate and twinning rate were .10 and .09, respectively. The r_g between them …

Clinical Trials With Copper Supplementation Of Cattle, Clell V. Bagley, Norris J. Stenquist, Dennis R. Worwood

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Pilbara Steer Growth Evaluation : 1994 - 1996, Wayne Fletcher, Brian Mcintyre, Shane Cridland Dr, J L. James

Agriculture reports

Growth potential of steers in the Pilbara - a summary. The trial was conducted over a range of conditions on three locations. The pasture type at Wyloo, the Ashburton River frontage, which is regarded as one of the most productive pasture types in the area, combined with conservative stocking, a fresh paddock and excellent seasonal conditions during 1995, gives us an indication of the District's potential. In extrapolating any of these data to other cases, consideration must be given to adjustment base

Relationship Of Beef Sire Birth Weight And Weaning Weight Expected Progeny Differences To Actual Performance Of Crossbred Offspring, M. B. Long, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1994

Performance records from 1982 to 1992 on 1365 calves for birth weight (BW) and 1492 calves for weaning weight (WW) were analyzed to estimate relationships of purebred sire expected progeny difference (EPD) values for BW and WW to actual crossbred progeny performance. Sires of the calves were Polled Hereford, Simmental, Angus, Salers, Tarentaise, or Charolais. The pooled-across-breed regressions (Ib/lb + SE) of BW and WW of calves on sire EPD were 1 .I 7 ±.31 and .75 + .28, respectively. Residual correlations of BW with BW EPD and WW with WW EPD were .I6 (P< -01) and .05 (P= .10), respectively. Additional regression and residual correlation analyses were conducted in which records from progeny of low-accuracy sires (Acc. < .50) were deleted. The reduced data set included 967 records for BW and 962 records for WW. The pooled-across-breed regressions (Ib/lb + SE) of BW and WW of calves on higher-accuracy sire EPD were 1.28 + .35 and .71 ± .31, respectively. Residual correlations using higher-accuracy sire data of BW with BW EPD and WW with WW EPD were .I8 (P<.01) and .09 (P = .02). Breeders who use BW and WW EPDs as a selection tool should expect such selection to be effective, on average, and reasonably consistent with theoretical expectation. However, some sires and small progeny groups may not rank as expected based on sire EPDs.

Other On-Station Activities For Wool Pastoralists, Mark Stevens

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The impact of low wool prices has been most severe on specialist wool growers who have little scope for diversification, particularly those in the pastoral area.

Although there are limited opportunities for new enterprises on all pastoral stations, individual pastoralists are examining other on-station activities to determine which ones might be suitable. In doing so, they are evaluating:

• location (proximity to a major highway or population centre);

• natural attractions (coast, gorges, river, wildflowers);

• natural resources (native fauna and flora); and

• water supply (quantity and reliability of good quality water).