Animal Sciences Commons^™

Productive Energy, As Determined By Arkansas Net Energy, Predicts Broiler Processing Weights, Carcass Market Value, And Gross Profit, Diego A. Martinez, Nawin Suesuttajit, Cole Umberson, Craig N. Coon

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study assessed the sensitivity of Productive Energy (PE) to breast meat production, feed efficiency, and broiler economics, developed models for processing traits and economics, and examined economics dynamics. The experimental design involved 96 pens, 12 per block and eight blocks, with each pen within block receiving one of 12 dietary treatments for one week. Treatment diets, varying in amino acid concentrations, starch, and energy densities, were control-fed. The weights of processing body parts and net energy for gain (NEg) were determined with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, and fed heat production, fasting heat production (FHP), and net energy for maintenance (NEm) …

Effects Of Caprylic Acid On The Cecal Colonization Of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Heidelberg And The Cecal Microbiome In Broiler Chickens, Shijinaraj Manjankattil, Dhananjai Muringattu Prabhakaran, Anup Kollanoon Johny, Claire Peichel, Divek V.T. Nair, Grace Dewi, Jason Langlie, Trevor J. Gould, A. M. Donoghue

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study determined the efficacy of in-feed supplementation of a medium-chain fatty acid, caprylic acid (CA), on the cecal colonization of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) and its effect on the cecal microbiome of commercial broilers. A total of 24, 4-week-old commercial Ross 708 chickens were randomly allocated to two replicates of four treatment groups in eight BSL2 isolators (3 birds/isolator): Negative control (NC), Positive Control (PC), Antibiotic group (AB), and caprylic acid (CA) groups. The birds received a Salmonella-free standard corn-soy-based diet, with the broilers in the AB receiving 50 g/ton bacitracin methylene disalicylate, and the CA group receiving …

Smart Search Results For Growth And Economic Performance Comparison Of Twenty-Year-Old ... Refine Results For Arkansas Net Energy: A Productive Energy System Sensitive To Broiler Performance And Body Composition Arkansas Net Energy: A Productive Energy System Sensitive To Broiler Performance And Body Composition 21 Of 94 Arkansas Net Energy: A Productive Energy System Sensitive To Broiler Performance And Body Composition, Diego A. Martinez, Nawin Suesuttajit, Cole Umberson, Craig N. Coon

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study determined the sensitivity of productive energy (PE; Arkansas Net Energy) to performance and body composition and developed predictive models based on PE. Chicks (2,148 day-old ones) were placed in 96 pens and assigned to one of 12 dietary treatments, including varying concentrations of total digestible amino acids (TDAA), digestible CP (dCP), digestible fat (dFat), digestible starch, and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). Eight replications per treatment, one per block, were used, being the block consecutive groups of birds weekly starting the seven-day experimental period. In each block, birds were control fed to meet similar ME intake, placed in calorimetry chambers …

Effects Of Heat Stress And Depressed Feed Intake On The Cecal And Ileal Microbiota Of Broiler Chickens, Philip M. Campos, Elizabeth S. Greene, Monika Proszkowiec-Weglarz, Sami Dridi

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Chronic heat stress (HS) is known to depress feed intake (FI) and growth in broiler chickens, and may alter the gut microbiota and health, however, the amplitude and duration of each (HS and depressed FI) effect on gut microbiota is still unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of chronic and acute HS on the cecal and ileal microbiota profiles. Broilers were subjected to thermoneutral (TN, 23 degrees C) or chronic cyclic HS (CHS, 8 h/d, 35 degrees C) condition from d29-42, and one group to acute HS (AHS, 2 h, 35 degrees C) at d42. To distinguish between …

Efficiency And Clinical Outcomes Of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy On Canine Coxofemoral Osteoarthritis, Patama Arunrattanakul, Kumpanart Soontornvipart

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of this study was to find out the optimal technique to prepare plasma with the highest platelet concentration in platelet rich plasma (PRP), as well as determine the result of autologous PRP from the dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) condition. It was shown that the PRP could reduce inflammation, cell regeneration and enhance angiogenesis to support the injured tissue. This study was composed of two phases; the first phase aimed to find the best centrifugation speed and time that could be able to produce the plasma with the highest platelet concentration by conducting the experiment from a total of …

A Review On The Ethnozoological Remedies With The Help Of Animal Body Parts And Its Impact On Their Conservation Status, Minahal Fatima, Bushra Nisar Khan, Mudasser Hasan, Amina Tufail, Farhat Batool, Majida Maqbool, Fakhra Nazir

Journal of Bioresource Management

The use of wildlife in biomedical science has had a long history as it has been used as experimental animals, Sources of unusual physiology, and of bioactive compounds on which life-saving medicines are based. Amphibians are a Source of antimicrobial peptides, analgesic alkaloids, and regeneration. Immune adaptations and venoms of reptiles have produced cardiovascular medications, anti-clotting solutions and diabetes treatment. Birds serve as models of zoonotic diseases and provide immunological tools e.g. IgY antibodies and support embryology and neurobiology. Advanced studies on human disease, vaccines, cancer resistance and hypoxia tolerance have been facilitated by mammals such as rodents, primates, bats, …

Review On Exploring The Potential Of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) As A Novel Feed Ingredient For Poultry, Muhammad Naeem Jan, Nasir Rajput, Muhammad Naeem, Sher Ali, Ghulam Shabir Barham, Tehseen Fatima Miano

Journal of Bioresource Management

Poultry provides both direct and indirect employment opportunities to individuals. Every farm owner desires a reduced investment with more earnings. Over 50 % of the overall cost of chicken rearing is allocated to feed stuff. Among all feed ingredients, protein sources are the most expensive, yet protein is essential for production and growth. This exorbitant price cannot be sustained by the small-scale farmers. Consequently, contemporary scientists are attempting to substitute the protein supply with black soldier fly in their formulations. This review study examines the advantageous effect of utilizing Black Soldier Fly powder, larvae or oil, as demonstrated in scientific …

Diversity Of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) In Kanju, District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Said Miraj Ud Din, Khushbakht Asad, Hamid Ur Rahman, Attiya Iqbal

Journal of Bioresource Management

Butterflies are one of the most beautiful creatures on earth. They belong to the phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta, and order Lepidoptera. Butterflies play an important role in the ecosystem, contributing significantly to pollen transfer. They play an important role in pollination, and their foraging behavior enhances the genetic diversity. Additionally, they also play an important role in the food chain and serve as prey for birds, reptiles, and other insectivore organisms. The current study was conducted to find out the diversity and distribution of butterflies in Kanju district Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total 203 specimens were collected from August …

Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, And Diagnostic Accuracy Of Brucellosis In Upper Dir District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Sidra Sanam, Kamran Khan

Journal of Bioresource Management

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative, intracellular bacterium Brucella. Although it is endemic in Pakistan, comprehensive data on its prevalence, risk factors, and diagnostic accuracy remain limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess these parameters in local communities of District Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 345 individuals suspected of brucellosis were investigated. Blood samples and structured questionnaires were collected to determine prevalence and identify associated risk factors. Additionally, 50 culture-confirmed positive cases and 50 negative controls were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Serum Plate Agglutination Test …

Trophic Niche Overlap Between Native And Alien Fish Species: A Challenge For The Aquatic Ecosystems, Rana Manzoor Ahmad, Abdul Majid Khan, Mariya Basharat, Muhammad Rizwan, Neelam Shahzadi, Muhammad Imran

Journal of Bioresource Management

The different physiological and biological challenges are introduced not only on land but also in aquatic ecosystems due to increasing climatic changes and human needs. One of these challenges is the introduction of invasive alien species to the native freshwater ichthyofauna. These species not only disturb the ecological balance of the native water bodies but can also be a vector for parasitic diseases. The current study is designed to disclose the trophic niche overlap among exotic (Cyprinus carpio and Oreochromis mozambicus) and indigenous fish species (Labeo calbasu and Cirrhinus mrigala) from Head Baloki (Ravi River), Punjab, …

Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel And Differential Circular Rna Responses Underlying Interferon-Mediated Antiviral Regulation In Porcine Alveolar Macrophages, Jiuyi Li, Oluwaseun Adeyemi, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang

Food and Animal Sciences Faculty Research

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) causes significant economic losses in the swine industry. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of stable non-coding RNAs, are increasingly recognized as regulators in immune responses and host–virus interactions. This study investigated the genome-wide circRNA responses in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), key cell targets of PRRSV, following treatment with a modified live virus (MLV) vaccine or two interferon (IFN) subtypes (IFN-α1, IFN-ω5). Using RNA sequencing, we identified over 1000 differentially expressed circRNAs across treatment groups, revealing both conserved and distinct expression profiles. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses indicated that circRNA-associated genes are significantly enriched …

Organic Glycinate Trace Minerals Improve Hatchability, Bone And Eggshell Breaking Strength, And Mineral Uptake During Late Laying Cycle In Layer Breeders, Mujtaba Akram Jahangir, Muhammad Muneeb, Muhammad Farooq Iqbal, Syeda Maryam Hussain, Syed Sohail Habib, Sohail Ahmad, Kasim Sakran Abass, Nasir Mukhtar, Rashed A. Alhotan, Ali R. Al Sulaiman, Ala E. Abudabos

Food and Animal Sciences Faculty Research

This study evaluated the effects of replacing inorganic trace minerals with organic glycinate forms at two inclusion levels in layer breeders during the late laying cycle over 6 weeks (66 to 72 weeks of age). For this, a total of 180 layer breeders (162 hens and 18 males; Lohmann LSL Ultralite) were randomly divided into three treatment groups having six replicates of nine hens each and one male for each replicate following a completely randomized design (CRD). The dietary treatments included: (1) Basal diet + inorganic trace minerals at breed recommended levels (ITM100), (2) Basal diet + organic trace minerals …

An Updated Checklist Of The Mammals Of Türkiye, Mustafa Sözen, Faruk Çolak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Between 1982 and 2025, the number of extant wild mammal species worldwide rose from 4170 to 6706. The Turkish mammal fauna also showed a similar trend, with the number of mammal species listed for Türkiye rising from 89 to 173 in just 33 years, from 1989 to 2021. A shift in species numbers like this calls for regular updates to Türkiye’s mammal species lists as well as the preparation of new checklists. Apart from changes in the number of species, numerous taxonomic changes and rearrangements also lead to changes in mammal lists. We arranged an updated mammal checklist by reviewing …

Nontarget Effects Of Abamectin On Cysts And Three Larval Stages Of Marine Microcrustacean Artemia Franciscana, Hashem Khandan Barani, Sahel Pakzad Toochaei, Narjes Sanchooli

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Abamectin (ABM) is a widely used pesticide in agriculture and aquaculture worldwide. However, limited information is available on the toxic impacts of ABM on nontarget marine organisms, necessitating further research to investigate the toxic impacts of ABM on marine life. Hence, this study examined the acute (0.5–2.5 μg/L for 24 and 48 h) and chronic (0.125–0.5 μg/L for 7 days) toxicity of ABM on the marine microcrustacean Artemia franciscana under different incubation conditions and at different stages of development. To simulate a more realistic environmental scenario, some of the exposure tests were conducted in the presence of food or with …

Environmental Controls On Planktonic Community Variability And Ecosystem Responses In The Romanian Black Sea, Cristina Tabarcea, Elena Bișinicu, George-Emanuel Harcotă, Aurelia Țoțoiu, Oana Vlas, Elena Pantea, Luminita Lazar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study examines the structure, distribution, and environmental influences on planktonic communities in the Romanian Black Sea, based on data collected from Black Sea national monitoring stations in June 2023. We assessed the qualitative and quantitative composition of phytoplankton, microzooplankton, mesozooplankton, macrozooplankton, and ichthyoplankton, alongside key environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient concentrations (nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, and silicate). The results highlight the dominance of dinoflagellates within the phytoplankton community, while copepods constitute the most abundant mesozooplankton group. Species from the Codonellidae family mainly represent microzooplankton diversity, while macrozooplankton is largely dominated by the scyphozoan Aurelia …

A Comparison Between Phalangeal Skeletochronology And Cephalic Parietal Rings In Lizards, Marco A.L. Zuffi, Roberto Sacchi, Marcello Mezzasalma, Maria José Amaral, Miguel Angel Carretero, Fabio Maria Guarino

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The well-defined, layered organization of the cephalic scales in many lacertilians could offer a noninvasive alternative for estimating the individual age of these vertebrates. This study aimed to validate the method of age determination based upon the cephalic scale rings in the genus Podarcis, comparing it to phalangeal skeletochronology, a widely used and highly reliable indirect method for estimating the age of ectotherm vertebrates. We analyzed individuals of P. bocagei (n = 48), P. muralis (n = 16) and P. siculus (n = 8). For each individual, we compared the number of cephalic layers with the number of lines of …

Cytotoxic And Genotoxic Effects Of Minor Temperature Changes And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Plantago Major On Oncorhynchus Mykiss Gonadal Cells, Semra Çi̇çek, Sevda Işik

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Temperature changes and nanoparticle exposure have emerged as critical environmental stressors with potential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on aquatic species. This study investigates the impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), synthesized using Plantago major leaves, on Oncorhynchus mykiss gonadal (RTG-2) cells under different temperature conditions (23 °C, 24 °C, and 25 °C). RTG-2 cells were exposed to hexagonal ZnO NPs (≤100 nm) at concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μg/mL for 24 and 48 h. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the sulforhodamine B assay, and genotoxicity was evaluated via the comet assay. Results demonstrated that both temperature …

Species Delineation, Phylogeography And Conservation Of Temperate Perches (Actinopterygii: Percichthyidae) From An Endemism And Climate Change Hotspot, Michael P. Hammer, David L. Morgan, Stephen J. Beatty, Mark G. Allen, Peter J. Unmack, Sean J. Buckley, Luciano B. Beheregaray, Jon Murphy, Mark Adams

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Context: The south-western corner of Australia is a biodiversity hotspot that includes a freshwater fauna with a high proportion of endemic species. The temperate perches comprise nearly half of the obligate freshwater fishes of the region, representing important components of local ecosystems and are of significant conservation concern. Aims: Provide a spatially comprehensive molecular genetic assessment of species boundaries and major substructure for all local members of the family to better understand the interplay of ecology and environment across a common landscape. Methods: Nuclear markers (allozymes) and matrilineal (cytb) datasets were generated to infer genetic groupings and any instances of …

Comparison Of Pcr-Based Methods For The Detection Of Canned Tuna Species, Chloe P. Castanon, Denise Hernandez, Akshay N. Khetrapal, Rosalee S. Hellberg

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Canned tuna is susceptible to mislabeling due to its high consumer demand, complex global supply chains, and range of prices. DNA barcoding of a short fragment of the mitochondrial control region (CR), termed the CR mini-barcode, has been established as an effective method for tuna species identification. However, the high level of DNA degradation in canned tuna products reduces the effectiveness of this method. Therefore, this study aimed to compare CR mini-barcoding to targeted (i.e., real-time or multiplex) PCR-based methods to determine the most effective approach for canned tuna species identification. DNA was extracted in duplicate from 24 canned tuna …

Two New Species Of Uroplectes Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones, Buthidae) From Somaliland And Mozambique, František Kovařík

Euscorpius

Two new species, Uroplectes elmii sp. n. from Somaliland and U. mossambicensis sp. n. from Mozambique are described, fully illustrated with color photos showing their morphology. Both species are similar to Uroplectes fischeri (Karsch, 1879) from which they differ mainly in finger dentition (Uroplectes elmii sp. n.) and strongly reduced tibial spurs on legs III–IV (U. mossambicensis sp. n.). Uroplectes elmii sp. n. is also compared with U. pardii Kovařík, 2003, from which it differs mainly by extremely reduced to absent metasomal punctation. A distribution map of all …

Evaluation Of Dietary Additives On Yellowtail Kingfish (Seriola Lalandi) Gut And Skin Health And Disease Resistance Against Photobacterium Damselae Subsp. Damselae, Md Reaz Chaklader, Lindsey Woolley, Chelsea Woods, Frances Stephens, Richard Smullen, Gavin Partridge

Fisheries Research Articles

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of five dietary additives in improving growth performance, gut and skin health and disease resistance against Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Pdd) in yellowtail kingfish (YTK) (Seriola lalandi). The additives were top-coated onto a commercial diet. The five additives evaluated were brewer’s yeast (BY), a yeast-based mannan oligosaccharide (MOS), a polyphenol product, a monoglyceride product and a combination of MOS and a superoxide dismutase (SOD) product. The monoglyceride and polyphenol products were trialled at both a low and high inclusion level. Diets were fed to YTK in triplicate tanks for 55 days. The …

Alpiscorpius Huyukensis Sp. N., An Unexpected New Species From Sultan Mountains, Konya Province, Turkey (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae), Ersen A. Yağmur, Halil İ. Yaylı

Euscorpius

A new scorpion species, Alpiscorpius huyukensis sp. n., is described from the western foothills of the Sultan Mountains, Konya Province, in the Aegean Region of western Turkey, based on morphological characters. The species is assigned to the genus Alpiscorpius Gantenbein et al., 1999, due to the presence of three trichobothria in the em series on the external surface of the pedipalp patella. A. huyukensis sp. n. can be readily distinguished from its all congeners by its yellowish-orange or greyish-orange body and yellow metasomal coloration, the fifth metasomal segment bearing distinct ventrolateral carinae, the presence of six trichobothria in the …

Winter Supplementation Of Beef Cows In The Intermountain West, David Secrist

All Current Publications

Feed costs are the most significant expense of most ranching operations in the Intermountain West. Year-round grazing opportunities, hay cost and availability, calving season, cow size, milk production, and feeding logistics are all considerations in a supplementation program. The key to effective winter feeding is to balance the cost/benefit ratio of the supplementation programs while meeting nutritional demands at a minimal cost.

The Genus Androctonus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) In Oman, Graeme Lowe

Euscorpius

The taxonomic position of Androctonus populations in Oman was investigated by analyzing morphological variation in a comprehensive sample representing 150 records gathered from 95 localities spread throughout the country. Two new allopatric species are described, separated by multivariate morphometric analysis and meristic characters: (1) A. omanensis sp. n., distributed across most of Oman, is characterized by wider, deeper metasomal segments IV–V, shorter legs, more robust pedipalps, more granules on lateral inframedian carinae of metasoma II–III, and sparser setation on basitarsal spurs; and (2) A. ammophilus sp. n., distributed in the dunes of the Rub’ al-Khali (Empty Quarter) of …

Dairy And Food Science Student Newsletter, September 4, 2025, Department Of Dairy And Food Science

Dairy and Food Science Student Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Predation Of Aegaeobuthus Nigrocinctus (Ehrenberg, 1828) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) By A Middle East Black Tarantula, Chaetopelma Olivaceum (C. L. Koch, 1841) (Araneae: Theraphosidae) In Lebanon, Rami Khashab

Euscorpius

I report the first documented case of the buthid scorpion Aegaeobuthus nigrocinctus (Ehrenberg, 1828) serving as prey for the tarantula Chaetopelma olivaceum (C. L. Koch, 1841) in Lebanon. The observation was made during a nocturnal survey in the Mount Lebanon region. The case contributes to the limited records of tarantula predation on scorpions and underscores the role of prey-predator size asymmetry in facilitating high-risk predation among arachnids.

Dairy And Food Science News, Sept 2025, Department Of Dairy And Food Science

Dairy & Food Science News

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Using Automated Activity Monitoring To Detect Resumption Of Cyclicity In Early Lactation—Meta-Analysis, S. Borchardt, T.A. Burnett, T.C. Bruinjé, A.M.L. Madureira

Dairy Science and Food Science Faculty Publications: 2022 to Present

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of automated activity monitoring (AAM) in detecting estrous expression and ovulatory status in cows during the voluntary waiting period (VWP). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using specific search terms. Inclusion criteria focused on studies that assessed estrous expression within the VWP using modern AAM systems alongside blood progesterone (P4) measurements. Four manuscripts involving 2,198 cows were included. Data extraction was performed by a single investigator and validated by a coauthor. The analysis considered estrous expression and ovulatory status determined through serial blood P4 measurements. Cows were …

The Effects Of Early Life Rearing Experiences And Age On Sociality In Captive Olive Baboons (Papio Anubis), Angela M. Achorn, Michele M. Mulholland, Chet C. Sherwood, Soojin V. Yi, William D. Hopkins

Anthropology Faculty Publications

Social connections within primate groups are continuously changing, and an individual's connectedness within their social network can have important consequences on morbidity and mortality. Here, we examined the effects of early life social experiences and age on social connectedness of captive female olive baboons (Papio anubis). Subjects included 54 mother-reared (MR) and 35 nursery-reared (NR) baboons (4.03 to 19.8 years of age). We conducted four 15-min focal observations and recorded all social interactions. For every possible dyad, we calculated total amount of time in proximity to one another and total amount of time spent grooming (in each direction), then used …

Fisheries Occasional Publication No. 149 - Economic Contribution Of Wild-Catch Fishing In Western Australia, 2024: Beyond Gross Value Of Production, Dipesh Maharjan, Vilaphonh Xayavong, Ben Fraser, Rebecca Thomas

Fisheries Occasional Publications

The wild-catch fishing industry plays a significant role in Western Australia’s economy, particularly in regional communities. This report summarises the economic contribution of the commercial wild-catch fishing sector in 2024, based on REMPLAN’s input-output (I-O) modelling methodology and DPIRD data and analysis. This report focuses on key economic indicators including total economic output, gross value added (GVA), and employment (FTEs).

Key findings:

• Total Economic Output of the wild-catch fishing industry is $1.22 billion (total value of goods and services produced, including intermediate inputs)
• Gross Value Added (GVA) of the wild-catch fishing industry is $487 million (value of profit, wages, salaries …