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2021

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Articles 1231 - 1251 of 1251

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Effects Of Leptin And Thyroglobulin Gene Polymorphisms On Beef Quality In Holsteinbreed Bulls In Turkey, Süleyman Kök, Güldan Vapur Jan 2021

Effects Of Leptin And Thyroglobulin Gene Polymorphisms On Beef Quality In Holsteinbreed Bulls In Turkey, Süleyman Kök, Güldan Vapur

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The relationship between three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers and the beef quality of Turkish Holstein bulls (THB) was investigated. The markers in leptin (LEP) gene (E2JW and E2FB) and thyroglobulin (TG) gene (C422T) were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in one hundred THB. Texture, pH, and marbling score (MS) are three of the most dominating determinants of meat quality. In THB, the relationship between 3 SNPs and beef quality characteristics of musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) was investigated. The mean pH value of the raw beef samples with the TG G422T CC genotype was 5.33 ± 0.30 …


The Effect Of Jatropha Multifida L. As A Natural Dietary Additive On Anthelmintic Activity And Performance In Lambs Infected By Trichostrongylus Spp., Juju Julaeha, Diky Ramdani, Endang Yuni Setyowati Jan 2021

The Effect Of Jatropha Multifida L. As A Natural Dietary Additive On Anthelmintic Activity And Performance In Lambs Infected By Trichostrongylus Spp., Juju Julaeha, Diky Ramdani, Endang Yuni Setyowati

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Jatropha multifida leaf powder (JMLP) is rich in phenolic tannins and it has the potential to be a natural dietary additive for ruminants. A 4 × 5 factorial design was used to study the effects of 4 different doses of JMLP treatment (dry matter, DM basis) at 0% (JMLP-0), 0.5% (JMLP-0.5), 0.75% (JMLP-0.75), and 1% (JMLP-1) in the diet of ewe lambs infected by Trichostrongylus spp. at 2332 ± 248 eggs/g feces on fecal egg counts (FEC, eggs/g feces) of 5 different measurement times (0, 14, 28, 42, and 84 days) using 5 replicates. Average daily gain (ADG, g/head/day) and …


Effect Of Different Doses Of Hydrated C$_{60}$ Fullerene Nanoparticles On Ram Semen Duringcool Storage, Şeyma Özer Kaya, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l Güngör, Serap Dayan Ci̇nkara, Tutku Can Acisu, Recep Hakki Koca, Serkan Ali̇ Akarsu, Coşkun Can, Aslihan Çakir, İrfan Yilmaz, Muhammed Sami̇ Halici, Seyfetti̇n Gür, Mustafa Sönmez, Gaffari̇ Türk Jan 2021

Effect Of Different Doses Of Hydrated C$_{60}$ Fullerene Nanoparticles On Ram Semen Duringcool Storage, Şeyma Özer Kaya, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l Güngör, Serap Dayan Ci̇nkara, Tutku Can Acisu, Recep Hakki Koca, Serkan Ali̇ Akarsu, Coşkun Can, Aslihan Çakir, İrfan Yilmaz, Muhammed Sami̇ Halici, Seyfetti̇n Gür, Mustafa Sönmez, Gaffari̇ Türk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different doses of hydrated C$_{60}$ fullerene (C$_{60}$HyFn) nanoparticles on ram semen during cool storage at 5 °C. Semen samples were collected from 7 healthy Akkaraman rams by artificial vagina during nonbreeding season (April) 3 times for two weeks (3 replications), and samples having good initial sperm motility (> 70 %) and count (> 2 billion / mL) were pooled and diluted with tris-egg yolk based extender at 37 °C. Then, the diluted semen samples were divided into 15 aliquots control and 14 different C60HyFn groups (25 nM, 50 nM, …


Analysis Of Some Heavy Metals (Cd And Pb) In The Şanlıurfa Province Using Feral Pigeonblood Samples, Özlem Ütme, Füsun Temamoğullari Jan 2021

Analysis Of Some Heavy Metals (Cd And Pb) In The Şanlıurfa Province Using Feral Pigeonblood Samples, Özlem Ütme, Füsun Temamoğullari

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Birds serve as good biomonitors in determining environmental pollution. As for indicators of environmental pollution, we detected blood heavy metal levels in 32 female and 32 male local Feral pigeons in the central districts of Şanlıurfa, located in southeastern Turkey, in one month of each season. The samples were analyzed by coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Lead (Pb) levels were measured as 233.1 ± 25.7 μg/kg for Haliliye, 101.2 ± 29.7 μg/kg for Karaköprü, 81.3 ± 22.7 μg/kg for Eyyübiye, and 48.1 ± 27.1 μg/ kg for Suruç, whereas cadmium (Cd) levels were measured as 30.6 ± 12.6 μg/kg for Haliliye, 35.7 …


Dried Tomato Pomace In Rabbit Nutrition: Effects On Carcass Characteristics And Meat Quality, Nouha Grioui, Hager Boukhris, Chokri Damergi, Wafa Hajji, Hamadi Riahi, Manef Abderrabba, Taha Najar, Mondher Mejri Jan 2021

Dried Tomato Pomace In Rabbit Nutrition: Effects On Carcass Characteristics And Meat Quality, Nouha Grioui, Hager Boukhris, Chokri Damergi, Wafa Hajji, Hamadi Riahi, Manef Abderrabba, Taha Najar, Mondher Mejri

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to assess the effect of dried tomato pomace (DTP) feeding on the carcass characteristics and the quality of the meat of growing rabbits. For this purpose, 54 weaned rabbits (40 days old) were divided into three equal groups and fed isoproteic and isoenergetic diets. The first group was the control group (CON), while the other two groups were fed 10 (DTP-10), and 20 (DTP-20) percent DTP for 6 weeks. Eighty-three-day-old rabbits were slaughtered then, the carcass characteristics, mechanical and sensorial tenderness of the meat were determined. Rabbits fed with DTP-10 had the highest final weight at …


Genetic Parameter Estimates Of Fear, Growth, And Carcass Characteristics In Japanese Quail, Doğan Nari̇nç, Bariş Aybars Genç Jan 2021

Genetic Parameter Estimates Of Fear, Growth, And Carcass Characteristics In Japanese Quail, Doğan Nari̇nç, Bariş Aybars Genç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability values of tonic immobility duration, several growth traits, and their genetic relationships with some slaughter traits. Fearfulness reaction was examined using tonic immobility (TI) response at 5 and 6 weeks of age. All birds were slaughtered at 6 weeks of age to measure carcass yield (CY), and percentage of breast (BY), leg (LY), wing (WY), abdominal fat (AFY). Heritability estimates for the TI durations and body weights measured at 5 and 6 weeks of age were 0.16, 0.20, and 0.46, 0.44, respectively. Heritability estimates for growth curve parameters and inflection …


Caprine Mhc Gene Polymorphism And Its Association With Endoparasitic Infestation(Haemonchus Contortus) In Indian Goat Breeds, Thirunavukkarasu Sbalamurugan, Pushpendra Kumar, Kush Shrivastava, Chinmoy Mishra, Om Prakash, Amit Kumar, Anuj Chauhan, Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Manjit Panigrahi, Bharat Bhushan, Arvind Prasad, Ilayakumar Kaveriyappan, Sharavanan Velusamy Jan 2021

Caprine Mhc Gene Polymorphism And Its Association With Endoparasitic Infestation(Haemonchus Contortus) In Indian Goat Breeds, Thirunavukkarasu Sbalamurugan, Pushpendra Kumar, Kush Shrivastava, Chinmoy Mishra, Om Prakash, Amit Kumar, Anuj Chauhan, Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Manjit Panigrahi, Bharat Bhushan, Arvind Prasad, Ilayakumar Kaveriyappan, Sharavanan Velusamy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study examined the variability of MHC class II DRB exon 2 gene using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified fragments PCR-(RFLP), and its association with Haemonchus contortus infestation in Salem Black and Tellicherry goat population. Animals were naturally exposed to mixed infestation of endoparasites, predominantly Haemonchus contortus. Pooled fecal coproculture and larval identification showed predominant presence of haemonchus (L3) larva. Fecal egg count (FEC) and packed cell volume (PCV) were used as indicator traits. All the three studied loci, TaqI, BsaI, and BsaHI, were polymorphic having two alleles and three genotypes. The loci showed low to moderate …


Effects Of Dietary Guar Meal With Or Without Beta-Mannanase On The Egg Yolk Fatty Acids,Cholesterol, And Some Blood Parameters Of Laying Hens, Süleyman Çalişlar Jan 2021

Effects Of Dietary Guar Meal With Or Without Beta-Mannanase On The Egg Yolk Fatty Acids,Cholesterol, And Some Blood Parameters Of Laying Hens, Süleyman Çalişlar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the effects of adding enzyme to the diets containing guar meal (GM) on the egg yolk fatty acids, cholesterol, and some blood plasma parameters of hens were examined. This study was carried out in the chicken coop of the Experimental Animals Ethics Committee, Faculty of Agriculture. This study constitutes the second phase of the study titled ?Effects of dietary guar meal with or without beta-mannanase on performance and egg quality traits in laying hens?, previously published. The experimental period lasted 126 days. Ninety-six Lohman Brown hens at the age of 56 weeks were and kept in individual …


The Effects Of Propofol-Sevoflurane, Midazolam-Sevoflurane, And Medetomidineketamine-Sevoflurane Anesthetic Combinations On Tear Production Measured By Theschirmer Tear Test I (Stt I) In Healthy Rabbits, Hani̇fi̇ Erol, Muharrem Erol, Gülteki̇n Atalan, Cengi̇z Ceylan, Muhammed Kaan Yönez Jan 2021

The Effects Of Propofol-Sevoflurane, Midazolam-Sevoflurane, And Medetomidineketamine-Sevoflurane Anesthetic Combinations On Tear Production Measured By Theschirmer Tear Test I (Stt I) In Healthy Rabbits, Hani̇fi̇ Erol, Muharrem Erol, Gülteki̇n Atalan, Cengi̇z Ceylan, Muhammed Kaan Yönez

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The maintenance of corneal and normal eye function is necessary for the ocular health and integrity. Tear plays an important role in defense mechanism and nutrition of eye. The Schirmer tear tests (STT I, II) are widely used in ophthalmic examination to evaluate tear production as an aid to diagnose eye diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the different effect of anesthetic combinations and their action period on tear production in healthy rabbits. Forty healthy New Zealand female rabbits (mean weight 2.34 ± 0.67 kg), four months old, were used as materials. The animals were divided into …


Pharmacokinetics And Reward-Related Behaviors Of Ethanol In Male And Female Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japonica), Shannon Eaton Jan 2021

Pharmacokinetics And Reward-Related Behaviors Of Ethanol In Male And Female Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japonica), Shannon Eaton

Theses and Dissertations--Psychology

Ethanol is one of the most widely used and abused drugs. Problem use is associated with many different health problems and the economic burden is in the billions of dollars. Additionally, many people have difficulty controlling their ethanol consumption and about 5% of adults end up with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Many people with an AUD often find themselves in a cycle of binge, remission, and relapse.

Following ethanol consumption ethanol enters the bloodstream from the small intestine where it gets distributed to peripheral tissues. Ethanol in the bloodstream is cleared from the system by the liver. The primary …


Recognize Fish As Food In Policy Discourse And Development Funding, Abigail Bennett, Xavier Basurto, John Virdin, Xinyan Lin, Samantha J. Betances, Martin D. Smith, Edward H. Allison, Barbara A. Best, Kelly D. Brownell, Lisa M. Campbell, Christopher D. Golden, Elizabeth Havice, Christina C. Hicks, Peter J. Jacques, Kristin Kleisner, Niels Lindquist, Rafaella Lobo, Grant D. Grant, Michelle B. Nowlin, Pawan G. Patil, Douglas N. Rader, Stephen E. Roady, Shakuntala H. Thilsted, Sarah Zoubek Jan 2021

Recognize Fish As Food In Policy Discourse And Development Funding, Abigail Bennett, Xavier Basurto, John Virdin, Xinyan Lin, Samantha J. Betances, Martin D. Smith, Edward H. Allison, Barbara A. Best, Kelly D. Brownell, Lisa M. Campbell, Christopher D. Golden, Elizabeth Havice, Christina C. Hicks, Peter J. Jacques, Kristin Kleisner, Niels Lindquist, Rafaella Lobo, Grant D. Grant, Michelle B. Nowlin, Pawan G. Patil, Douglas N. Rader, Stephen E. Roady, Shakuntala H. Thilsted, Sarah Zoubek

Faculty Scholarship

The international development community is off-track from meeting targets for alleviating global malnutrition. Meanwhile, there is growing consensus across scientific disciplines that fish plays a crucial role in food and nutrition security. However, this ‘fish as food’ perspective has yet to translate into policy and development funding priorities. We argue that the traditional framing of fish as a natural resource emphasizes economic development and biodiversity conservation objectives, whereas situating fish within a food systems perspective can lead to innovative policies and investments that promote nutrition-sensitive and socially equitable capture fisheries and aquaculture. This paper highlights four pillars of research needs …


First Record Of Blacknape Large-Eye Bream Gymnocranius Satoi (Perciformes: Lethrinidae) In The Philippines, Nicko Amor Flores, Jade Tifany Rey, Jeffrey T. Williams, Kent Carpenter, Mudjekeewis Santos Jan 2021

First Record Of Blacknape Large-Eye Bream Gymnocranius Satoi (Perciformes: Lethrinidae) In The Philippines, Nicko Amor Flores, Jade Tifany Rey, Jeffrey T. Williams, Kent Carpenter, Mudjekeewis Santos

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The Philippines has been regarded as the center of the center of marine shorefish biodiversity, having the highest number of fish species per square area in the world. The blacknape large-eye bream, Gymnocranius satoi, has been reported to occur from Southern Japan, Taiwan to Northwestern Australia and to the Coral Sea, but has not previously been recorded from the Philippines. From 2011 – 2019, the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) collaborated with the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution (NMNH/SI), USA, and the Old Dominion University (ODU), Virgina, USA, to inventory all commercial fish …


Effects Of Sacubitril/Valsartan On Cardiac Function, Mitochondrial Quality And Autophagy In A Rat Model With Chronic Mitral Regurgitation, Lalida Tantisuwat Jan 2021

Effects Of Sacubitril/Valsartan On Cardiac Function, Mitochondrial Quality And Autophagy In A Rat Model With Chronic Mitral Regurgitation, Lalida Tantisuwat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Sacubitril/Valsartan (S/V), an angiotensin receptor blocker-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi), has demonstrated beneficial outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients. However, the effects of the drug in mitral regurgitation (MR) condition are not thoroughly elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of S/V compared with valsartan (Val) on cardiac function, mitochondrial quality and autophagy in a rat model with chronic MR. MR was induced in male, Sprague-Dawley, rats (n=24), while the other 6 rats underwent sham surgery. Four weeks post-surgery, the MR rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: MR (n=8), Val (n=7), and S/V (n=8); one rat was …


Salad With Clams: Prey Choice Of An Intentionally Carnivorous Turtle, Kayleigh R. Erazmus, Luca Luiselli, Russell L. Burke Jan 2021

Salad With Clams: Prey Choice Of An Intentionally Carnivorous Turtle, Kayleigh R. Erazmus, Luca Luiselli, Russell L. Burke

Biology Faculty Publications

Prey choice is the non-random foraging and consumption of prey species by their predators, and is therefore the basis for studies of topics as diverse as quantifying food webs, predator–prey relationships, and optimal-foraging models. Malaclemys terrapin (Diamond-back Terrapin) is a diet generalist with a large geographic distribution: the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts from Massachusetts to Texas. Individual terrapins have relatively small home ranges and feed primarily on local mollusc species. In feeding trials with 1 prey species and 2 prey species, wild-caught terrapins from New York readily consumed Mya arenaria (Soft-shelled Clam) and Geukensia demissa (Atlantic Ribbed Mussel), preferring …


Flight And Dietary Antioxidants Influence Antioxidant Expression And Activity In A Migratory Bird, Kristen J. Demoranville, Wales A. Carter, Barbara J. Pierce, Scott R. Mcwilliams Jan 2021

Flight And Dietary Antioxidants Influence Antioxidant Expression And Activity In A Migratory Bird, Kristen J. Demoranville, Wales A. Carter, Barbara J. Pierce, Scott R. Mcwilliams

Biology Faculty Publications

Ecologically-relevant factors such as exercise and diet quality can directly influence how physiological systems work including those involved in maintaining oxidative balance; however, to our knowledge, no studies to date have focused on how such factors directly affect expression of key components of the endogenous antioxidant system (i.e., transcription factors, select antioxidant genes, and corresponding antioxidant enzymes) in several metabolically active tissues of a migratory songbird. We conducted a 3-factor experiment that tested the following hypotheses: (H1) Daily flying over several weeks increases the expression of transcription factors NRF2 and PPARs as well as endogenous antioxidant genes (i.e., CAT, SOD1, …


The Urinary Proteomic Analysis And The Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms In Dogs With Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis, Sumonwan Chamsuwan Jan 2021

The Urinary Proteomic Analysis And The Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms In Dogs With Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis, Sumonwan Chamsuwan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis is one of the most common stone components which frequently occurs in both humans and dogs. Hypercalciuria is one of the predisposing factors commonly found in both people and dogs with calcium urolithiasis. The genetic factors are also involved with the pathogenesis of stone formation, and the relationship between calcium handling and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms has been demonstrated to be related to calcium urolithiasis in human populations. Moreover, some urinary proteins may be involved in the process of stone formation. The present study aimed firstly to evaluate the relationship between VDR polymorphism in dog …


Degree Of Genetic Admixture In Hybrid Populations Between Macaca Fascicularis Fascicularis And M. F. Aurea In Association With Stone Tool-Use Behavior, Poompat Phadphon Jan 2021

Degree Of Genetic Admixture In Hybrid Populations Between Macaca Fascicularis Fascicularis And M. F. Aurea In Association With Stone Tool-Use Behavior, Poompat Phadphon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Burmese long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis aurea) is the only Old World monkey that habitually uses stones as tools to access encased food. The natural range of M. f. aurea closely contacts to the common long-tailed macaque (M. f. fascicularis) in southern Thailand at 8°10'-12°24'N, where the intraspecific hybridization between the two subspecies was reported. While M. f. aurea x M. f. fascicularis hybrids were expressed a stone-tool use behavior, the behavior has never been seen in the wild or captive M. f. fascicularis. It is interesting to understand if the genetic factor plays a role on the emergence of this …


Comparative Pharmacokinetics Of Puerarin In Pure Compound Form And Puerarin In White Kwao Krua Extract In Female Cynomolgus Monkeys, Sureerat Namken Jan 2021

Comparative Pharmacokinetics Of Puerarin In Pure Compound Form And Puerarin In White Kwao Krua Extract In Female Cynomolgus Monkeys, Sureerat Namken

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Pueraria mirifica is an endemic Thai plant that puerarin is a major chemical found in this plant and shows several pharmacological activities in aging diseases. Although the pharmacokinetic data on puerarin have been reported in rodents, it is still inconclusive for the development of puerarin as phytopharmaceutical products for human use. This is because of the differences in anatomical and physiological characteristics between rodents and humans. Therefore, the comparative pharmacokinetics of puerarin in pure compound form (PUE) and puerarin in P. mirifica extract (PME) was conducted in female cynomolgus monkeys. PME at a dose of 826 mg/kg.BW (equivalent to 10 …


รอยสึกบนฟันกรามของสัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae จากสมัยไพลสโตซีนและปัจจุบันของประเทศไทย, จักรีทิพย์ อิศรางกูร ณ อยุธยา Jan 2021

รอยสึกบนฟันกรามของสัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae จากสมัยไพลสโตซีนและปัจจุบันของประเทศไทย, จักรีทิพย์ อิศรางกูร ณ อยุธยา

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

สัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae สามชนิด ได้แก่ เลียงผาใต้ (Capricornis sumatraensis) กวางผาจีน (Naemorhedus griseus) และกวางผาหิมาลัย (Naemorhedus goral) ปรากฎหลักฐานการกระจายตัวในประเทศไทยสมัยไพลสโตซีน อย่างไรก็ตาม ปัจจุบันกวางผาหิมาลัยได้สูญพันธุ์ไปจากประเทศไทยแล้ว เพื่อบ่งบอกนิเวศวิทยที่เปลี่ยนแปลงไปในอดีตจนถึงปัจจุบันของสัตว์กลุ่มนี้ รอยสึกบนฟันกรามจึงถูกนำมาใช้เพื่อการศึกษาอาหาร รููปแบบการกินอาหาร และนิเวศวิทยาบรรพกาลของสัตว์ในวงศ์ย่อย Caprinae ผู้วิจัยศึกษาตัวอย่างจาก 4 แหล่งขุดค้นซากดึกดำบรรพ์ในประเทศไทย ที่มีอายุระหว่างสมัยไพลสโตซีนตอนกลางถึงตอนปลาย ได้แก่ ถ้ำผาบ่อง, บ้านโคกสูง, ถ้ำวิมานนาคินทร์ และเพิงผาถ้ำลอด รวมไปถึงตัวอย่างปัจจุบันจากพิพิธภัณฑ์และเขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าทั้งหมด 10 แห่ง โดยเก็บข้อมูลค่าดัชนีความสูงตัวฟัน (hypsodonty index: HI), รอยสึกระดับ mesowear I และ II, และรอยสึกระดับ microwear จากฟันกราม ผลการศึกษาพบว่า รอยสึกระดับ mesowear และค่า HI บ่งชี้ว่าเลียงผาและกวางผาทั้งในปัจจุบันและไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้และหญ้า โดยเลียงผาใต้มีแนวโน้มการกินใบไม้มากกว่าชนิดอื่น ผลการศึกษารอยสึกระดับ microwear จากทั้งตัวอย่างปัจจุบันและไพลสโตซีนพบว่า เลียงผาใต้กินใบไม้อ่อนนุ่ม ขณะที่กวางผาจีนและกวางผาหิมาลัยกินใบไม้และหญ้าที่มีความแข็ง เมื่อพิจารณาผลการศึกษาที่ได้ร่วมกับค่าไอโซโทปเสถียรของธาตุคาร์บอนจากงานวิจัยก่อนหน้า อาจกล่าวได้ว่า เลียงผาใต้ในสมัยไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้อ่อนนุ่มทั้งประเภท C3, C3/C4, และ C4 อยู่อาศัยได้ทั้งป่าทึบและทุ่งหญ้า กวางผาจีนในสมัยไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้และหญ้าประเภท C4 ที่มีความแข็ง อาศัยในทุ่งหญ้าเปิด สำหรับกวางผาหิมาลัยในสมัยไพลสโตซีนกินใบไม้และหญ้าประเภท C4 หรือ C3/C4 และอาศัยในทุ่งหญ้าเปิด ผลการศึกษาสามารถสรุปแนวโน้มการเปลี่ยนแปลงนิเวศวิทยาของสายพันธุ์เลียงผาและกวางผาได้ว่า เลียงผาและกวางผาสมัยไพลสโตซีนอาศัยในทุ่งหญ้าเปิดมากกว่าประชากรในปัจจุบัน ซึ่งอาจเป็นผลจากการเปลี่ยนแปลงของสภาพแวดล้อมจากอดีตจนถึงปัจจุบัน และการรุกรานของมนุษย์ตั้งแต่สมัยไพลสโตซีนที่ส่งผลให้จำนวนประชากรลดลง


ความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของยีนสร้างโปรตีน Pfs25 ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย Plasmodium Falciparum ในประเทศไทย, พรปวีณ์ สุขพงษ์ไทย Jan 2021

ความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของยีนสร้างโปรตีน Pfs25 ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย Plasmodium Falciparum ในประเทศไทย, พรปวีณ์ สุขพงษ์ไทย

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Pfs25 เป็นโปรตีนที่พบได้บนเยื่อหุ้มเซลล์ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย Plasmodium falciparum ในระยะ sexual stage และเป็นหนึ่งในแอนติเจนของวัคซีนสำหรับป้องกันการติดต่อของโรคมาลาเรียชนิด transmission blocking vaccine (TBV) วัคซีนชนิดนี้สร้างจากแอนติเจน Pfs25 ของเชื้อมาลาเรีย P. falciparum สายพันธุ์ 3D7 และได้รับการพัฒนาอย่างต่อเนื่องจนถึงขั้นตอนทดสอบทางคลินิก อย่างไรก็ดี การศึกษาความหลากหลายของยีน Pfs25 ในประชากร P. falciparum ในธรรมชาติทั้งในประเทศไทยและพื้นที่อื่น ๆ มีอยู่อย่างจำกัด ดังนั้น วิทยานิพนธ์เรื่องนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของยีน Pfs25 ของ P. falciparum ในประเทศไทยและพื้นที่อื่น ๆ ทั่วโลก ตัวอย่างประกอบด้วยลำดับนิวคลีโอไทด์ของ Pfs25 ของ P. falciparum ในประเทศไทยจำนวน 83 ตัวอย่าง และข้อมูลจากฐานข้อมูล GenBank และ PlasmoDB จำนวน 224 ตัวอย่าง ซึ่งการศึกษานี้ได้รวบรวมและสร้างฐานข้อมูลนิวคลีโอไทด์ขึ้นเป็นครั้งแรก ทำการศึกษาความหลากหลายด้วยการวิเคราะห์ทาง พันธุศาสตร์ประชากร ผลการศึกษาพบว่า Pfs25 ในประชากรเชื้อมาลาเรีย P. falciparum ทั่วโลกมีจำนวน 11 haplotype ในจำนวนนี้ พบในประเทศไทยจำนวน 7 haplotype (H) โดย H2 เป็น haplotype ที่พบมากที่สุดในประชากรเชื้อมาลาเรียในทวีปเอเชีย ส่วน H1 พบมากที่สุดในประชากรในทวีปแอฟริกาและทวีปอเมริกากลางและอเมริกาใต้ การวิเคราะห์ด้วย Fst แสดงให้เห็นว่า การกระจายของ haplotype ทั้งหมดแตกต่างกันตามแต่ละทวีป แสดงว่า เชื้อมาลาเรีย P. falciparum แบ่งออกเป็น 3 ประชากรย่อย ๆ ตามพื้นที่ คือ ประชากรในทวีปเอเชีย ทวีปแอฟริกา และทวีปอเมริกากลางและอเมริกาใต้ นอกจากนี้ เมื่อวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ของ haplotype ด้วย …


Effects Of Weather On Foraging Success And Hunting Frequency In Winter-Irruptive Snowy Owls (Bubo Scandiacus) In Upstate New York, Russell E. Winter, William M. Shields Jan 2021

Effects Of Weather On Foraging Success And Hunting Frequency In Winter-Irruptive Snowy Owls (Bubo Scandiacus) In Upstate New York, Russell E. Winter, William M. Shields

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The effects of weather on an individual can often alter the population dynamics of a species. Knowledge of how weather influences individual behavior is therefore essential in understanding its full impact in the context of population ecology. Snowy Owls (Bubo scandiacus) exhibit expensive long-distance migrations in winters following population irruptions. During irruptive movements, many owls migrate past the southernmost extent of their traditional wintering grounds, the mechanism for which is still debated. We propose and test the “milder climate” hypothesis; Snowy Owls wintering in lower latitudes are better able to meet their metabolic demands due to higher temperatures …