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2018

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Articles 2371 - 2400 of 2557

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Diversity Of Water Bugs In Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan, Muhammad Shahbaz Chattha, Abu Ul Hassan Faiz, Arshad Javid, Irfan Baboo, Inayat Ullah Malik Jan 2018

Diversity Of Water Bugs In Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan, Muhammad Shahbaz Chattha, Abu Ul Hassan Faiz, Arshad Javid, Irfan Baboo, Inayat Ullah Malik

Journal of Bioresource Management

Water bugs fall under the order Hemiptera, suborder Heteroptera, which is further divided into two types, i.e., semi-aquatic (Gerromorpha) and true water bugs (Nepomorpha). They play a vital role as biological control agents and also a source of food for fishes, birds and other aquatic organisms. The present work was carried out to ascertain aquatic Hemiptera in different lentic and lotic water bodies of various sizes in Gujranwala district, Pakistan. A total of 10 species belonging to five families were identified. Species include Nepa ruber Linnaeus, Laccotrephes elongatus Montandon, Ranatra filiformis Fabricius (Nepidae), Corixa substriata Uhler, Micronecta proba …

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Can They Suffer?, Todd K. Shackelford Jan 2018

Can They Suffer?, Todd K. Shackelford

Animal Sentience

We should treat sentient nonhuman animals as worthy of moral consideration, not because we share an evolutionary history with them, but because they can suffer. As Chapman & Huffman (2018) argue, humans are not uniquely disconnected from other species. We should minimize the suffering we inflict on sentient beings — whether human or nonhuman — not because they, too, are tool-makers or have sophisticated communication systems, but because they, too, can suffer, and suffering is bad.

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Evaluating Elasmobranch Bycatch And Shark Depredation In The Georgia Shrimp Fishery, Matthew M. Scanlon Jan 2018

Evaluating Elasmobranch Bycatch And Shark Depredation In The Georgia Shrimp Fishery, Matthew M. Scanlon

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The Georgia shrimp fishery has seen a dramatic decrease in profit and productivity since the 1980’s due to a number of economic factors. Additional, yet undocumented, pressures on this fishery include interactions between foraging sharks with trawl gear. Fishermen report that sharks frequently bite nets in an attempt to prey on netted fish, resulting in large holes in the gear. Further elasmobranch interactions with trawl gear occur as bycatch; shrimp trawls represent nearly 100% of elasmobranch commercial bycatch in Georgia state waters, the species composition of which is largely unstudied. Shark interactions with nets were detailed through fishery-dependent observations on …

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Predictors Of Fish Assemblage Structure And Dynamics In Atlantic Coastal Plain Streams, Rebecca Scott Jan 2018

Predictors Of Fish Assemblage Structure And Dynamics In Atlantic Coastal Plain Streams, Rebecca Scott

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Effective management of freshwater fishes requires a mechanistic understanding of the drivers of assemblage composition; in other words, what determines who is where and when. Stream fish assemblages are potentially influenced by environmental factors that act on multiple spatiotemporal scales, but the relative influence of these drivers may vary between geophysically distinct regions. This study sought to determine the patterns and drivers of fish taxonomic and functional assemblage composition in the coastal plain, a region possessing unique hydrologies, faunas, and physiochemical conditions. I addressed this goal using two complementary chapters, both of which utilized environmental and biotic data collected from …

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Haematology Of N’Dama And West African Shorthorn Cattle Herds Under Natural Trypanosoma Vivax Challenge In Ghana, Ebenezer Yaw Ganyo, Johnson N. Boampong, Daniel K. Masiga, Jandouwe Villinger, Paa Kobina Turkson Jan 2018

Haematology Of N’Dama And West African Shorthorn Cattle Herds Under Natural Trypanosoma Vivax Challenge In Ghana, Ebenezer Yaw Ganyo, Johnson N. Boampong, Daniel K. Masiga, Jandouwe Villinger, Paa Kobina Turkson

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Animal trypanosomosis is a major cause of economic loss in livestock production in Africa. A suggested control measure is to use breeds with traits of trypanotolerance. The study examines the effect of natural Trypanosoma vivax challenge on haematological parameters in two trypanotolerant cattle [N’Dama and West African Shorthorn (WASH)] herds. Methods: Trypanosoma vivax-specific primers were used to diagnose T. vivax infection in an N’Dama herd at Cape Coast in southern Ghana and a WASH herd at Chegbani in northern Ghana from May to July 2011 in a cross-sectional study. Levels of haematological parameters comprising packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin …

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Essential Oils Of Indigenous Plants Protect Livestock From Infestations Of Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus And Other Tick Species In Herds Grazing In Natural Pastures In Western Kenya, Wycliffe Wanzala, Ahmed Hassanali, Wolfgang Richard Mukabana, Willem Takken Jan 2018

Essential Oils Of Indigenous Plants Protect Livestock From Infestations Of Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus And Other Tick Species In Herds Grazing In Natural Pastures In Western Kenya, Wycliffe Wanzala, Ahmed Hassanali, Wolfgang Richard Mukabana, Willem Takken

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The effects of formulated essential oils of Tagetes minuta and Tithonia diversifolia on Rhipicephalus appendiculatus infesting livestock were evaluated in semi-field experiments. Forty-five zebu cattle naturally infested with ticks were randomly selected from 15 herds, three animals from each. Of the three animals within each herd, one was treated with 1 g of petroleum jelly (control), one with 1 g of essential oil of T. minuta and one with 1 g of essential oil of T. diversifolia on the inner side of ear pinna, the preferred feeding site of R. appendiculatus. Tick infestation on each treated host animal was monitored …

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Effects Of Organic And Inorganic Nitrogen Sources On In Vitro Degradability Of Citrus Byproduct And Milk Thistle, Asma Aggoun, Mohamed Laid Haddi, Si-Yong Yang, Jong-Su Eun, Andrea Squartini Jan 2018

Effects Of Organic And Inorganic Nitrogen Sources On In Vitro Degradability Of Citrus Byproduct And Milk Thistle, Asma Aggoun, Mohamed Laid Haddi, Si-Yong Yang, Jong-Su Eun, Andrea Squartini

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In order to evaluate rumen microbial activity, the effects of two nitrogen sources (organic and inorganic) were analyzed in vitro by inoculating dairy cow rumen fluid and using citrus byproduct (CBP) and milk thistle (Silybum marianum, MT) as energy source substrates. The experimental design was 2 × 3 where we used three different nitrogen sources (N1: no nitrogen added, N: ammonium bicarbonate, N3: sodium glutamate) with a basic concentration of nitrogen (100 mg/1 L). Culture pH, dry matter degradability %, ammonia-N (NH$_{3}$-N), total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs), individual volatile fatty acid proportions, and acetate propionate ratio (A:P) were measured after …

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Gene Expression Levels In Some Candidate Genes For Mastitis Resistance, Milk Yield, And Milk Quality Of Goats Reared Under Different Feeding Systems, Akin Yakan, Hüseyi̇n Özkan, Aysel Eraslan Şakar, Necmetti̇n Ünal, Ceyhan Özbeyaz Jan 2018

Gene Expression Levels In Some Candidate Genes For Mastitis Resistance, Milk Yield, And Milk Quality Of Goats Reared Under Different Feeding Systems, Akin Yakan, Hüseyi̇n Özkan, Aysel Eraslan Şakar, Necmetti̇n Ünal, Ceyhan Özbeyaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to identify the expression levels of some candidate genes for mastitis resistance (LTF and BRCA1), milk yield (POU1F1 and IGF-1), and milk quality (PPARγ and CSN2) in different feeding systems (pen- and pasture-based) used for Damascus goats. Milk samples were taken from all goats in both pen and pasture groups at 4 times, at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th months of the study. It was found that, compared to the pen group, the LTF and CSN2 genes in the pasture group had significant levels of upregulation in the 7th month of lactation (3.538- and 5.436-fold, respectively), …

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First Evidence Of Histological And Histochemical Intraspecific Differences In Salivary Glands In Brown Norway And Albino Wistar Rats, Flavia Ruxanda, Cristian Ratiu, Bianca Matosz, Radu Constantinescu, Viorel Miclaus Jan 2018

First Evidence Of Histological And Histochemical Intraspecific Differences In Salivary Glands In Brown Norway And Albino Wistar Rats, Flavia Ruxanda, Cristian Ratiu, Bianca Matosz, Radu Constantinescu, Viorel Miclaus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The size of salivary glands, acinar structure, and secretion particularities differ from one species to another and are influenced by diet and environment. In order to investigate whether there are histological or histochemical differences in the salivary glands of animals from the same species, bred in identical conditions of environment and diet, we assessed two laboratory rat strains. The salivary glands from two rat strains were processed for histological and histochemical investigations. Histologically, we noticed differences in the parotid gland: seromucous acini were present in Brown Norway rat and typical serous ones in Wistar rat. Histochemically, we observed that cells …

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Preference Of Side And Standing In Relationship With Milking Characteristics And Temperament Score Of Crossbred Dairy Cows In An 8 × 2 Herringbone Milking Parlour, Ahmad Fahim, Madan Lal Kamboj, Mukesh Bhakat, Tushar Kumar Mohanty, Rohit Gupta Jan 2018

Preference Of Side And Standing In Relationship With Milking Characteristics And Temperament Score Of Crossbred Dairy Cows In An 8 × 2 Herringbone Milking Parlour, Ahmad Fahim, Madan Lal Kamboj, Mukesh Bhakat, Tushar Kumar Mohanty, Rohit Gupta

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the preference of side and standing in relationship with milking characteristics of crossbred cows in a double-sided herringbone milking parlour. Seventy-two crossbred cows were milked in an 8 × 2 low-line automated herringbone milking parlour having automatic cluster removal settings for 45 milking sessions. There was considerable variation among individuals in the consistency of side choice (χ$^{2}$ = 1.414, P = 0.234). The consistency score of crossbred cows showed that many cows had a strong tendency to enter the parlour on the same side during consecutive milkings. The side preference was found …

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Evaluation Of Biological Response Modification And Immunotherapeutic Activities Of Barley-Derived Arabinoxylans Against Coccidiosis In Commercial Broilers, Masood Akhtar, Muteen Humayun, Zafar Iqbal, Mian Muhammad Awais, Muhammad Irfan Anwar Jan 2018

Evaluation Of Biological Response Modification And Immunotherapeutic Activities Of Barley-Derived Arabinoxylans Against Coccidiosis In Commercial Broilers, Masood Akhtar, Muteen Humayun, Zafar Iqbal, Mian Muhammad Awais, Muhammad Irfan Anwar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Plant-derived polysaccharides have been reported for diverse biological response modification (BRM) and immunotherapeutic (IT) activities in animals by activating their defense systems to perform better immunogenically against invading pathogens. Keeping this in view, this study was conducted to assess the BRM and IT activities of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-derived arabinoxylans (AXs) against coccidiosis in broilers. Significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) in vivo and in vitro lymphoproliferative responses to T-cell mitogens were revealed in broilers administered barley AXs when compared to the control group. Humoral immune response in terms of antibody titers against sheep erythrocytes was also found higher (P < 0.05) in AX-administered chickens. Furthermore, AX-administered chickens also showed higher weekly weight gains and improved feed conversion ratios as compared to controls. Results of the challenge experiment showed that the percentage of protection and daily weight gains were statistically higher (P < 0.05) whereas mean oocysts per gram of droppings and lesion scores were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the chickens administered barley AXs as compared to controls. In conclusion, barley-derived AXs led to better growth performance and elicited humoral and cellular immune responses in commercial broilers that persisted against coccidial infection in broiler chickens.

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Ectoparasites Of Hares (Lepus Europaeus Pallas) In Konya Province, Turkey, Bi̇lal Di̇k, Uğur Uslu Jan 2018

Ectoparasites Of Hares (Lepus Europaeus Pallas) In Konya Province, Turkey, Bi̇lal Di̇k, Uğur Uslu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to detect ectoparasites of hares (Lepus europaeus Pallas) between the years of 2003 and 2015 in Konya Province, Turkey. In this period, 75 hares shot by hunters were examined for ectoparasites macroscopically. Ectoparasites detected on the hares were collected with pliers and stored in tubes containing 70% ethanol. The ticks were identified under a stereo zoom microscope. Other parasites were cleared in 10% KOH, rinsed in distilled water, and transferred to 70%, 80%, and 99% ethanol, respectively, and mounted on slides in Canada balsam. They were identified under a binocular light microscope. The results showed that …

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Virulence-Associated Genes And Molecular Typing Of Streptococcus Uberisassociated With Bovine Mastitis In Northern Thailand, Sukolrat Boonyayatra, Prasit Tharavichitkul, Stephen Oliver Jan 2018

Virulence-Associated Genes And Molecular Typing Of Streptococcus Uberisassociated With Bovine Mastitis In Northern Thailand, Sukolrat Boonyayatra, Prasit Tharavichitkul, Stephen Oliver

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Streptococcus uberis is a major bovine mastitis pathogen. Several studies have revealed a persistence of specific strains of S. uberis with enhanced virulence or transmissibility. We aimed to investigate the presence of S. uberis virulence-associated genes including plasminogen activator (pauA), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapC), oligopeptide permease (oppF), metal transporter uberis A (mtuA), hyaluronic acid capsules (hasA, hasB, hasC), lactoferrin binding protein (lbp), adhesion protein (sua), and CAMP factor (cfu) as well as the genetic profiles using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) among isolates from cases of clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis, and intramammary infection with low somatic cell count in dairy cows. A …

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Hematological And Clinical Studies In West African Dwarf Sheepexperimentally Infected With Trypanosoma Brucei And Treated Withdiminazene Aceturate, Levamisole, And Vitamin A, Clara Akpan, Nwakaego Nweze, Cornelius Chukwu Jan 2018

Hematological And Clinical Studies In West African Dwarf Sheepexperimentally Infected With Trypanosoma Brucei And Treated Withdiminazene Aceturate, Levamisole, And Vitamin A, Clara Akpan, Nwakaego Nweze, Cornelius Chukwu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of diminazene aceturate (DA), levamisole, and/or vitamin A on hematological and clinical parameters of West African dwarf sheep experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei were studied. Twenty-four adult sheep were randomly assigned to 6 groups of 4 animals. They were infected with 1 × 10$^{6}$ trypanosomes intravenously (groups 2?6) or were uninfected (group 1). Treatment was administered 2 weeks post infection (PI) in all treated groups, except group 5, which was treated 3 weeks PI. Group 2 (positive control) received 7 mg/kg DA. Group 3 received 7 mg DA and 5 mg levamisole per kilogram of body weight. Group …

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The Application Of Edta-Tris And Chlorhexidine In The Treatment Of Endometritis As A Replacement For Antibiotic Therapy In Cows, Igor Stojanov, Aleksandar Milovanovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Radomir Ratajac, Milica Zivkov Balos, Nevena Maksimovic, Jelena Apic Jan 2018

The Application Of Edta-Tris And Chlorhexidine In The Treatment Of Endometritis As A Replacement For Antibiotic Therapy In Cows, Igor Stojanov, Aleksandar Milovanovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Radomir Ratajac, Milica Zivkov Balos, Nevena Maksimovic, Jelena Apic

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The treatment of reproductive disorders is based on the use of the available antibiotics or antiseptic agents. Prolonged or inadequate antibiotic treatment contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistances, while the use of antiseptics, particularly in high concentrations, leads to endometrial lesions and prolonging of the service period. The present study included monitoring of: 1) reproductive disorders of cows; 2) cytological, morphological, and bacteriological laboratory analyses; 3) susceptibility testing of isolated bacterial and reference strains to the EDTA-Tris (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-hydroxymethyl aminomethane) and chlorhexidine (CHX); and 4) an estimate of the time before onset of the new sexual cycle. …

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Clinical Evaluation Of Topical Tacrolimus Ointment Usagein Different Stages Of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca In Dogs, Christina John, Aswathy Gopinathan, Kiranjeet Singh, Pallvi Sharma, Chelladurai Sowbharenya, Sherin B. Sarangom Jan 2018

Clinical Evaluation Of Topical Tacrolimus Ointment Usagein Different Stages Of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca In Dogs, Christina John, Aswathy Gopinathan, Kiranjeet Singh, Pallvi Sharma, Chelladurai Sowbharenya, Sherin B. Sarangom

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of topical tacrolimus (0.1%) ointment in stimulating tear production in dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Thirty-six dogs (58 eyes) diagnosed with KCS were included in this study. KCS was grouped as early (E, n = 21 eyes), late (L, n = 21 eyes), and reflex tear due to corneal ulceration (R, n = 16 eyes) based on Schirmer tear test (STT) readings. The dogs in each group were randomly allotted treatment with either tacrolimus 0.1% ointment applied once daily (ET, n = 11 eyes; LT, n = 10 eyes; RT, n = …

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Epidemiological Survey And Economic Significance Of Bovine Hypodermosison The Kars Plateau In The Northeast Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Gencay Taşkin Taşçi, Bariş Sari, Ni̇lgün Parmaksizoğlu Aydin, Zati̇ Vatansever, Nesli̇han Ölmez, Ati̇la Akça, Mükremi̇n Özkan Arslan Jan 2018

Epidemiological Survey And Economic Significance Of Bovine Hypodermosison The Kars Plateau In The Northeast Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Gencay Taşkin Taşçi, Bariş Sari, Ni̇lgün Parmaksizoğlu Aydin, Zati̇ Vatansever, Nesli̇han Ölmez, Ati̇la Akça, Mükremi̇n Özkan Arslan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and seroprevalence of hypodermosis and to calculate the economic loss associated with hide damage in the cattle on the Kars Plateau, Turkey. A total of 6563 randomly selected cattle were examined by skin palpation from 1 April to 31 May 2014. A subset of 465 serum samples was collected from October to November in 2014 and analyzed using a commercial ELISA kit. The overall prevalence of hypodermosis was 16.9% in the cattle examined by skin palpation. In respect of each of the risk factors assessed, the highest prevalence rates were …

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Correlation Of Blood Triiodothyronine (T3) Level With Some Production Traits In Male Goat Kids, Khalid Abdoun, Emad Samara, Aly Okab, Mohamed Al-Badwi, Mohamed El-Zarei, Ali Al-Seaf, Ahmed Al-Haidary Jan 2018

Correlation Of Blood Triiodothyronine (T3) Level With Some Production Traits In Male Goat Kids, Khalid Abdoun, Emad Samara, Aly Okab, Mohamed Al-Badwi, Mohamed El-Zarei, Ali Al-Seaf, Ahmed Al-Haidary

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Thyroid hormones are known for their stimulation of feed efficiency and growth performance in different farm animals. More interestingly, the level of thyroid hormones is influenced by selection for growth in some animal species. Therefore, it was the aim of the current study to investigate whether a correlation exists between the blood triiodothyronine (T 3 ) level and some production traits (daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio). To test this hypothesis, six male goat kids (21.9 ± 2.4 kg; 5 months old) belonging to Aardi, Damascus, and their cross breed (two kids from each genotype) were …

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Comparison Of Igg And Semiquantitative Tests For Evaluation Of Passive Transfer Immunity In Calves, Onur Topal, Hasan Batmaz, Zafer Meci̇toğlu, Ender Uzabaci Jan 2018

Comparison Of Igg And Semiquantitative Tests For Evaluation Of Passive Transfer Immunity In Calves, Onur Topal, Hasan Batmaz, Zafer Meci̇toğlu, Ender Uzabaci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Serum immunoglobulin (IgG) and semiquantitative tests are used for the evaluation of passive transfer immunity (PTI) in calves. We aimed to evaluate PTI in calves by using a Brix refractometer, total protein (TP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and glutaraldehyde coagulation test (GCT) on days 1, 3, and 7 after birth; to compare the results with serum IgG; and to evaluate which day these tests are given on will give the best results. The blood samples were collected from 60 Holstein dairy calves on day 0, just after birth, and on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days after birth. The serum IgG …

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Scenario Of Porcine Cysticercosis And Human Taeniasis In Maharashtra State, India, Vilas Vaidya, Ashish Paturkar, Ravindra Zende, Mukulesh Gatne, Dhananjay Dighe, Rupesh Waghmare, Shilpa Laxmanrao Moon, Sujata Bhave, Priyanka Jadhav, Nilam Wavhal Jan 2018

Scenario Of Porcine Cysticercosis And Human Taeniasis In Maharashtra State, India, Vilas Vaidya, Ashish Paturkar, Ravindra Zende, Mukulesh Gatne, Dhananjay Dighe, Rupesh Waghmare, Shilpa Laxmanrao Moon, Sujata Bhave, Priyanka Jadhav, Nilam Wavhal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cysticercosis/taeniasis is one of the neglected parasitic zoonoses in developing countries like India. A study was conducted for a period of 7 years from 2010 to 2017 during which 13,596 pig and 1238 human samples were screened to learn the exact scenario of cysticercosis/taeniasis in the different regions of Maharashtra State. Prevalence of cysticercosis/taeniasis in pigs and humans was recorded using various diagnostic methods such as meat inspection and serological methods involving ELISA. The overall prevalence of cysticercosis in pigs was found to be 0.88% by postmortem examination and 0.9% by PCR assay, whereas prevalence of taeniasis in humans was …

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Cadmium Affects The Development Of Somites In Chick Embryos(Gallus Gallus Domesticus) Under In Vitro Conditions, Samira Kazemi, Naser Mahdavi Shahri, Roya Lari, Fatemeh Behnam Rassouli Jan 2018

Cadmium Affects The Development Of Somites In Chick Embryos(Gallus Gallus Domesticus) Under In Vitro Conditions, Samira Kazemi, Naser Mahdavi Shahri, Roya Lari, Fatemeh Behnam Rassouli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cadmium is one of the most toxic metals that has high environmental stability and can hardly be converted into substances of low toxicity. In the present study, the effects of cadmium on the development of somites of chick embryos under in vitro conditions were investigated. First, fertilized eggs were incubated until they reached the stage of 15?20 somites. The embryos were then separated from the yolk by using the window technique. The somites were separated by insulin needles under a stereomicroscope. The separated somites were then transferred to Dulbecco?s modified Eagle?s medium (DMEM) stock culture and treated with different concentrations …

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Effects Of The Supplementation Of Lamb Rations With Oregano Essential Oil On Theantimicrobial And Antioxidant Metabolism In Meat, Hali̇t İmi̇k, Sevda Urçar, Meryem Aydemi̇r Atasever, Recep Gümüş, Hayrunni̇sa Özlü Jan 2018

Effects Of The Supplementation Of Lamb Rations With Oregano Essential Oil On Theantimicrobial And Antioxidant Metabolism In Meat, Hali̇t İmi̇k, Sevda Urçar, Meryem Aydemi̇r Atasever, Recep Gümüş, Hayrunni̇sa Özlü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Although oregano essential oil has common use in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and food sectors, information on its effects on meat quality and shelf life, when incorporated into lamb feed rations, is scarce. In this study, the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) in feed on the water activity, pH, lipid peroxidation, color parameters, and microbial counts of the Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) were investigated. The control group was fed a basal ration and the OEO1 and OEO2 groups were fed a basal ration supplemented with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Akkaraman lambs were fed experimental rations for a …

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Ecological Uncertainty Influences Vigilance As A Marker Of Fear, Laurence E. A. Feyten, Grant E. Brown Jan 2018

Ecological Uncertainty Influences Vigilance As A Marker Of Fear, Laurence E. A. Feyten, Grant E. Brown

Animal Sentience

We expand on the factors that may shape the predictability of risk and the potential impacts on the links between vigilance and fear, primarily in aquatic prey communities. Uncertainty in predation risks has been shown to induce increased levels of neophobia among prey. As a result of this phenotypically plastic response, prey are faced with risk assessment cues that may vary widely in their reliability. We argue that decomposing predictability may provide useful insights into the relationship between vigilance and fear.

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Conspicuously Concealed: Revision Of The Arid Clade Of The Gehyra Variegata (Gekkonidae) Group In Western Australia Using An Integrative Molecular And Morphological Approach, With The Description Of Five Cryptic Species, Luke Kealley, Paul Doughty, Mitzy Pepper, J. Scott Keogh, Mia Hillyer, Joel Huey Jan 2018

Conspicuously Concealed: Revision Of The Arid Clade Of The Gehyra Variegata (Gekkonidae) Group In Western Australia Using An Integrative Molecular And Morphological Approach, With The Description Of Five Cryptic Species, Luke Kealley, Paul Doughty, Mitzy Pepper, J. Scott Keogh, Mia Hillyer, Joel Huey

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The methods used to detect and describe morphologically cryptic species have advanced in recent years, owing to the integrative nature of molecular and morphological techniques required to elucidate them. Here we integrate recent phylogenomic work that sequenced many genes but few individuals, with new data from mtDNA and morphology from hundreds of gecko specimens of the Gehyra variegata group from the Australian arid zone. To better understand morphological and geographical boundaries among cryptic forms, we generated new sequences from 656 Gehyra individuals, largely assigned to G. variegata group members over a wide area in Western Australia, with especially dense sampling …

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The Microbiome Of The Gastrointestinal Tract Of A Range-Shifting Marine Herbivorous Fish, Jacquelyn Jones, Joseph D Dibattista, Michael Stat, Michael Bunce, Mary C Boyce, David V Fairclough, Michael J Travers, Megan J. Huggett Jan 2018

The Microbiome Of The Gastrointestinal Tract Of A Range-Shifting Marine Herbivorous Fish, Jacquelyn Jones, Joseph D Dibattista, Michael Stat, Michael Bunce, Mary C Boyce, David V Fairclough, Michael J Travers, Megan J. Huggett

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Globally, marine species' distributions are being modified due to rising ocean temperatures. Increasing evidence suggests a circum-global pattern of poleward extensions in the distributions of many tropical herbivorous species, including the ecologically important rabbitfish

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Forest Type Influences Population Densities Of Nocturnal Lemurs In Manompana, Northeastern Madagascar, Alex Miller, Harriet R. Mills, Tantely Ralantoharijaona, Nicole A. Volasoa, Chantal Misandeau, Lounès Chikhi, Roberta Bencini, Jordi Salmona Jan 2018

Forest Type Influences Population Densities Of Nocturnal Lemurs In Manompana, Northeastern Madagascar, Alex Miller, Harriet R. Mills, Tantely Ralantoharijaona, Nicole A. Volasoa, Chantal Misandeau, Lounès Chikhi, Roberta Bencini, Jordi Salmona

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Forest loss, fragmentation, and anthropization threaten the survival of forest species all over the world. Shifting agriculture is one of these threatening processes in Madagascar. However, when its cycle is halted and the land is left to regenerate, the resulting growth of secondary forest may provide a viable habitat for folivorous and omnivorous lemur species. We aimed to identify the response of nocturnal lemurs to different successional stages of regenerating secondary, degraded mature, and mature forest across a mosaic-type landscape. We surveyed four nocturnal lemur species (Avahi laniger, Microcebus cf. simmonsi, Allocebus trichotis, and Daubentonia madagascariensis) in four forest types …

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A Comprehensive Phylogenetic Analysis Of Grapsoidea Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) Based On Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 (Co1) Genes, Zhaozhe Xin, Yu Liu, Boping Tang, Chunlin Zhou, Qiuning Liu Jan 2018

A Comprehensive Phylogenetic Analysis Of Grapsoidea Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) Based On Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 (Co1) Genes, Zhaozhe Xin, Yu Liu, Boping Tang, Chunlin Zhou, Qiuning Liu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) genes of eight species crabs of Grapsoidea were determined and analyzed in this paper. The traditional classification is that Grapsidae contains four subfamilies comprising Grapsinae, Varuninae, Sesarminae, and Plagusiinae, which are also treated as families in some studies. There is a lack of clarity in the classification of some species, such as Eriocheir species. In this study, we conducted the first exploration of evolutionary relationships among species based on analysis of the molecular data of CO1 genes of eight species (Sesarmops sinensis, Clistocoeloma sinensis, Perisesarma bidens, Helice latimera, Helice tientsinensis, …

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Geographical Variation In Morphometry, Craniometry, And Diet Of Amammalian Species (Stone Marten, Martes Foina) Using Data Mining, Malamati Papakosta, Kyriaki Kitikidou, Dimitrios Bakaloudis, Christos Vlachos, Evangelos Chatzinikos, Olga Alexandrou, Anastasios Sakoulis Jan 2018

Geographical Variation In Morphometry, Craniometry, And Diet Of Amammalian Species (Stone Marten, Martes Foina) Using Data Mining, Malamati Papakosta, Kyriaki Kitikidou, Dimitrios Bakaloudis, Christos Vlachos, Evangelos Chatzinikos, Olga Alexandrou, Anastasios Sakoulis

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Ecologists use various data mining techniques to make predictions and estimations, to identify patterns in datasets and relationships between qualitative and quantitative variables, or to classify variables. The aim of this study was to investigate if the application of data mining could be used to study geographical variation in the morphometry, craniometry, and diet of a mammalian species (Martes foina), and to determine whether data mining can complement genetic analysis to recognize subspecies. Morphometric, craniometric, and dietary data were collected from three different geographical regions in Greece (mainland, Aegean islands, and the island of Crete), and data mining techniques were …

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Haematopoiesis In The European Common Toad Bufo Bufo (Linnaeus, 1758): New Methodological Insights To Study General, Seasonal, And Sexual Haematopoietic Distribution And Maturation Pattern, Damir Suljevic, Muhamed Focak, Filip Filipic, Alen Hamzic, Nadja Zubcevic, Andi Alijagic Jan 2018

Haematopoiesis In The European Common Toad Bufo Bufo (Linnaeus, 1758): New Methodological Insights To Study General, Seasonal, And Sexual Haematopoietic Distribution And Maturation Pattern, Damir Suljevic, Muhamed Focak, Filip Filipic, Alen Hamzic, Nadja Zubcevic, Andi Alijagic

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Peripheral blood and haematopoiesis in bone marrow and liver tissue were investigated in Bufo bufo during the sexual cycle. A combined touch and imprinting tissue method were applied for the haematopoietic cell isolation. The liver is the primary site of erythropoiesis and partial lymphopoiesis. There was a positive correlation between body mass and liver mass, but it was not significant (P > 0.05). The primary role of yellow bone marrow is the maturation of haematopoietic cells, while red bone marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells. The largest surface, and therefore the largest dimensions, was established for erythrocytes. Significant …

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The Prevalence And Genetic Diversity Of Feline Immunodeficiency Virusand Feline Leukemia Virus Among Stray Cats In Harbin, China, Mei-Qiao Pan, Jiu-Cheng Wang, Ya-Jun Wang Jan 2018

The Prevalence And Genetic Diversity Of Feline Immunodeficiency Virusand Feline Leukemia Virus Among Stray Cats In Harbin, China, Mei-Qiao Pan, Jiu-Cheng Wang, Ya-Jun Wang

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are typical retroviruses that are transmitted horizontally among felines. FIV results in symptoms of immunodeficiency such as weight loss, chronic lesions, opportunistic infections, and neurological abnormalities, while FeLV is known to cause a variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases in cats, such as thymic lymphoma, multicentric lymphoma myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia, aplastic anemia, and immunodeficiency. The prevalence and genetic diversity of FIV and FeLV in stray cats have not been investigated. In this study, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to test 198 blood samples from stray …

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