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2016

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Articles 1441 - 1470 of 1474

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Detection Of Helicobacter Heilmannii Type Ii And Helicobacter Pylori Indogs And Their Role In The Development Of Gastritis, Si̇nem Ülgen, Sevgi̇ Ergi̇n, Gülbi̇n Şennazli, Utku Bakirel Jan 2016

Detection Of Helicobacter Heilmannii Type Ii And Helicobacter Pylori Indogs And Their Role In The Development Of Gastritis, Si̇nem Ülgen, Sevgi̇ Ergi̇n, Gülbi̇n Şennazli, Utku Bakirel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori and Helicobacter heilmannii type II in dogs and evaluate the role of Helicobacter spp. İn chronic gastritis. Gastroscopy was performed in a total of 40 dogs (22 symptomatic and 18 asymptomatic) admitted to the small animal clinic of İstanbul University. In this study, the density of spiral bacteria and the degree and type of gastritis by histopathology were determined. Rapid urease tests were performed on gastric biopsy samples, and the species identity was determined using nested polymerase chain reaction to assess for the presence of H. Heilmannii …

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Investigation Of Serum Testosterone Level, Scrotal Circumference, Body Mass,Semen Characteristics, And Their Correlations In Developing Mis Lambs, Nevena Maksimovic, Slavca Hristov, Branislav Stankovic, Milan P. Petrovic, Cvijan Mekic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Violeta Caro-Petrovic Jan 2016

Investigation Of Serum Testosterone Level, Scrotal Circumference, Body Mass,Semen Characteristics, And Their Correlations In Developing Mis Lambs, Nevena Maksimovic, Slavca Hristov, Branislav Stankovic, Milan P. Petrovic, Cvijan Mekic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Violeta Caro-Petrovic

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate changes of serum testosterone, scrotal circumference, body weight, and semen characteristics in a Meat Institute Sheep (MIS) population during their developing period (between 3 and 17 months). Correlative relationships among parameters were also tested. Body weight and scrotal circumference were measured monthly, blood samples for testosterone levels were taken bimonthly (3-17 months), and semen samples were collected by an electroejaculator between the ages of 9 and 17 months. The analysis showed that the average serum testosterone levels ranged from 1.83 to 13.28 ng/mL and significantly depended on the age of the lambs …

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Chemical And Tissue Composition Of Meat From Carcass Cuts Of Localgoats Affected By Different Feeding In Tunisian Arid Lands, Naziha Ayeb, Asma Ghrab, Ahmed Barmat, Touhami Khorchani Jan 2016

Chemical And Tissue Composition Of Meat From Carcass Cuts Of Localgoats Affected By Different Feeding In Tunisian Arid Lands, Naziha Ayeb, Asma Ghrab, Ahmed Barmat, Touhami Khorchani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

An experiment was conducted to find out the nutritive value of different cuts of goat carcass. Meat samples were obtained from goat kids in Tunisia. Twenty-six indigenous kids were divided into three groups: oat hay (control), dried olive leaves + dried Stipa tenacissima, and grass hay. The cuts were the shoulder, chest, and leg of each goat carcass. Tissue compositions of different cuts and meat physicochemical parameters were determined. Percentage of muscle was higher in shoulders (61.57%) and legs (58.89%). The percentage of fat was higher in the chest (24.74%). Percentage of bone was higher in legs and shoulders. The …

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Purification Of Avian Influenza Virus (H9n2) From Allantoic Fluidby Size-Exclusion Chromatography, Ali Nazari Shirvan, Maedeh Samianifard, Naser Ghodsian Jan 2016

Purification Of Avian Influenza Virus (H9n2) From Allantoic Fluidby Size-Exclusion Chromatography, Ali Nazari Shirvan, Maedeh Samianifard, Naser Ghodsian

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Avian influenza viruses represent a rising threat of pandemic influenza. Allantoic fluid including influenza virus H9N2 was run on downstream processing to purify the virus. To do this, allantoic fluid was clarified and concentrated. It was applied to size exclusion chromatography. Different parameters such as ovalbumin, protein content, and hemagglutinin activity were determined to confirm the purity. The results may suggest that this method is quite efficient for achieving a purified H9N2 influenza virus and further reveal that size-exclusion chromatography is a practical method for purifying avian influenza viruses. In conclusion, this procedure can be used in vaccine production and …

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Immunohistochemical Evaluation Of Canine And Felinemerkel Cell Tumors?A Report Of Two Cases, Mateusz Mikiewicz, Iwona Otrocka-Domagala, Katarzyna Pazdzior-Czapula, Michal Gesek, Anna Mikolajczyk, Agnieszka Blacha Jan 2016

Immunohistochemical Evaluation Of Canine And Felinemerkel Cell Tumors?A Report Of Two Cases, Mateusz Mikiewicz, Iwona Otrocka-Domagala, Katarzyna Pazdzior-Czapula, Michal Gesek, Anna Mikolajczyk, Agnieszka Blacha

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Merkel cell tumors, a type of cutaneous round-cell tumors, are rarely observed in dogs and cats. This tumor type originates from cutaneous neuroendocrine cells. In the present study, the morphology of canine and feline Merkel cell tumors and their immunoexpression of neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratin, chromogranin A, Ki67, and metallothionein were evaluated using histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. The canine Merkel cell tumor displayed a diffuse morphological pattern, whereas the feline tumor displayed a solid morphological pattern. Both tumors were positive for neuron-specific enolase and cytokeratin, but negative for chromogranin A. The Ki67 indexes in the canine and feline tumors were 7% …

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Effects Of Mycobacterium Phlei On Intestinal Microecology Andserum Immunological Parameters Of Weaned Piglets, Jin-Feng Zhong, Xiao-Qing Zhang, Wei-Gao Wu, Wei Tu, Zhen-Xiang Liu, Re-Jun Fang Jan 2016

Effects Of Mycobacterium Phlei On Intestinal Microecology Andserum Immunological Parameters Of Weaned Piglets, Jin-Feng Zhong, Xiao-Qing Zhang, Wei-Gao Wu, Wei Tu, Zhen-Xiang Liu, Re-Jun Fang

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Mycobacterium phlei in diets (Experiment 1) and investigate the mode of action on the intestinal microecology of weaned piglets (Experiments 1 and 2 ). In Experiment 1, a total of 96 commercial cross-bred pigs [(Duroc × Yorkshire) × Landrace], weaned at 21 days, were assigned to two treatments in a completely randomized design with a single factorial arrangement of 40 days of supplementation (nonsupplemented vs. supplemented with 0.4% heat-killed M. Phlei). The results showed that M. Phlei has the capability to improve the intestinal microecology of weaned piglets. The …

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Ultrasonographic Features Of Medial Iliac And Jejunal Lymph Nodesin Apparently Healthy Dogs, Shriram Ganesan, Jitender Mohindroo, Pallavi Verma, Narinder Singh Saini Jan 2016

Ultrasonographic Features Of Medial Iliac And Jejunal Lymph Nodesin Apparently Healthy Dogs, Shriram Ganesan, Jitender Mohindroo, Pallavi Verma, Narinder Singh Saini

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Ultrasonographic examination of medial iliac and jejunal lymph nodes were performed in 36 dogs presented to the Department of Surgery and Radiology for spaying and castration. Ultrasonographic features such as length, height in longitudinal plane, shape, ease of scanning, echotexture, and echogenicity were recorded. The medial iliac and jejunal lymph nodes were scanned consistently in all 36 dogs. However, the presence of gas in the intestines affected the ease of scanning of the lymph nodes. The majority of these lymph nodes were easy to scan, and had homogeneous and hypoechoic echogenicity. The dogs were grouped based on body weight and …

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Seroepidemiological Survey Of Bovine Tick-Borne Infections In Theblack Sea Region Of Turkey, Mustafa Açici, Cenk Soner Bölükbaş, Gökmen Zafer Pekmezci̇, Ali̇ Tümay Gürler, Şi̇nasi̇ Umur, Kadri̇ Zafer Karaer, Ayşe Çakmak, Ayşe Serpi̇l Nalbantoğlu, Cevat Ni̇sbet Jan 2016

Seroepidemiological Survey Of Bovine Tick-Borne Infections In Theblack Sea Region Of Turkey, Mustafa Açici, Cenk Soner Bölükbaş, Gökmen Zafer Pekmezci̇, Ali̇ Tümay Gürler, Şi̇nasi̇ Umur, Kadri̇ Zafer Karaer, Ayşe Çakmak, Ayşe Serpi̇l Nalbantoğlu, Cevat Ni̇sbet

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Babesiosis, theileriosis, and anaplasmosis are the tick-borne diseases of cattle in most of the tropical areas and Turkey. A total of 270 cattle were randomly selected from 27 villages and 77 farms in the Black Sea Region of Turkey for the determination of infections by Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale by using the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Of those, 242 and 256 sera were also analyzed for antibodies against Theileria annulata and Babesia bovis infections using the IFA test, respectively, during the period of June 2006 to June 2007. Of the 256 …

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Lipid And Protein Metabolism Along With Oxidative Status Of Follicular Fluidthroughout The Estrous Cycle In Anatolian Water Buffalo, Oktay Yilmaz, Jerzy Jan Jaroszewski, Azi̇z Bülbül, Mehmet Uçar Jan 2016

Lipid And Protein Metabolism Along With Oxidative Status Of Follicular Fluidthroughout The Estrous Cycle In Anatolian Water Buffalo, Oktay Yilmaz, Jerzy Jan Jaroszewski, Azi̇z Bülbül, Mehmet Uçar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was performed to determine the concentrations of creatinine (CRE), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in follicular fluid (FF) in relation to follicular size and/or stage of the estrous cycle [early I luteal (n = 14), early II luteal (n = 16), late luteal (n = 16), and follicular (n = 16) phases] in Anatolian water buffaloes. The concentrations of CRE (P < 0.001), HDL (P < 0.001), LDL (P < 0.05) BUN (P < 0.001), and NO (P < 0.01) in FF of large follicles (LFs, ?10 to

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Effects Of Ultrasonication On Damaged Spermatozoa And Mitochondrial Activity Rate, Pinar Peker Akalin, Nuri̇ Başpinar, Kenan Çoyan, Mustafa Numan Bucak, Şükrü Güngör, Caner Öztürk Jan 2016

Effects Of Ultrasonication On Damaged Spermatozoa And Mitochondrial Activity Rate, Pinar Peker Akalin, Nuri̇ Başpinar, Kenan Çoyan, Mustafa Numan Bucak, Şükrü Güngör, Caner Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to describe an optimal sonication procedure for sperm cells. Therefore, we used several parameters such as damaged spermatozoa rate (%), mitochondrial activity rate (%), levels of lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant potential. Ejaculates were collected from rams (n = 3) and were divided into aliquots and 3-, 6-, and 10-s duration times; 1, 3, 5, and 8 repetitive application groups were established. In the groups with 3-, 6- and 10-s duration times, with the increasing number of repeated applications, damaged spermatozoa rates increased (P < 0.05) while mitochondrial activity rates decreased (P < 0.05). In relation with sonication duration time, total antioxidant potential levels increased (P < 0.05) in single-application groups compared to those in control groups and gradually decreased as the repetitions increased. The most effective results were obtained in the group with 8 repetitions and 10-s duration based on damaged spermatozoa rate and mitochondrial activity rate.

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Atopic Dog Skin Shows Decrease Of Claudin-1 But Increase Of Atopic Signature Cytokines, Sirin Theerawatanasirikul, Pakawadee Pongket, Lawan Larsuprom, Amornrate Sastravaha Jan 2016

Atopic Dog Skin Shows Decrease Of Claudin-1 But Increase Of Atopic Signature Cytokines, Sirin Theerawatanasirikul, Pakawadee Pongket, Lawan Larsuprom, Amornrate Sastravaha

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Canine atopic dermatitis is a common allergic skin disease in dogs caused by defects in immunological and epidermal barriers. Claudin-1, a protein present in tight junctions, is associated with many skin conditions. Our aim was to investigate expression levels of claudin-1 and atopic signature cytokines in atopic and normal dog skins. The affected skin showed significantly decreased intensity and epidermal distribution of claudin-1 compared to the normal control skin (P < 0.05). The CD3+/CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ T cell subsets, eosinophils, and neutrophils infiltrated the affected epidermis and dermis. The CD3+/CD4+ T cell subsets in lesional skin were significantly higher than CD3+/CD8+ T cell subsets. CLDN-1 mRNA expression was markedly downregulated in the lesional skin, while IL-17A was upregulated in both lesional and nonlesional skin. IL-4 and IL-31 mRNA was upregulated in the lesional skin, and TNF-α mRNA was significantly upregulated in the nonlesional skin (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Correlation-based hierarchical clustering showed that CLDN-1 expression was closely clustered with IL-31 but loosely clustered with L-4, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17A. We suggest that the alteration of claudin-1 in atopic dogs may disrupt the skin barrier and allow an influx of allergens, inciting inflammatory cytokine responses.

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Polymorphism Of Exon 2 Of Dio2 Gene And Its Association Withseasonal Reproduction In Sheep, Jianning He, Dongwei Huang, Ran Di, Jinxin Wang, Mingxing Chu, Qiuyue Liu, Wenping Hu, Xiangyu Wang, Zhangyuan Pan Jan 2016

Polymorphism Of Exon 2 Of Dio2 Gene And Its Association Withseasonal Reproduction In Sheep, Jianning He, Dongwei Huang, Ran Di, Jinxin Wang, Mingxing Chu, Qiuyue Liu, Wenping Hu, Xiangyu Wang, Zhangyuan Pan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

DIO2 was studied as a candidate gene for reproduction in sheep. Three pairs of primers were designed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of exon 2 of DIO2 in nonseasonal and seasonal reproduction breeds. The polymorphisms were detected using SeqMan II and analyzed by PCR-RFLP. The sheep DIO2 gene was cloned and its mutations were detected in five sheep breeds whose reproductive seasonality and litter sizes were different. Association analyses were performed to reveal the relationships between SNPs and reproductive seasonality as well as litter size in sheep. The results showed that a 1041-bp DNA fragment of the sheep DIO2 …

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Comparative Study Between Formalin-Killed Vaccine And Developed Gammairradiation Vaccine Against Mannheimia Haemolytica In Rabbits, Sahar Ahmed, Basem Ahmed, Ghada Mahmoud, Waleed Nemr, Emam Abdel Rahim Jan 2016

Comparative Study Between Formalin-Killed Vaccine And Developed Gammairradiation Vaccine Against Mannheimia Haemolytica In Rabbits, Sahar Ahmed, Basem Ahmed, Ghada Mahmoud, Waleed Nemr, Emam Abdel Rahim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Mannheimia haemolytica is responsible for considerable economic losses to sheep, goats, and cattle and other livestock industries in Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed gamma irradiation vaccine against Mannheimia haemolytica in comparison to a formalin-killed vaccine. Three groups of rabbits were used in this study. Group 1 animals were inoculated with 4 × 109 bacterial cells per dose of the formalin-killed vaccine. Group 2 was inoculated with 2 × 109 bacterial cells per dose of gamma-irradiated vaccine. Group 3 (control group) was injected with 2 mL of sterile PBS. The vaccines were injected subcutaneously …

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High Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance In Escherichia Coli Isolatedfrom Animals In Turkey Is Due To Multiple Mechanisms, Pinar Şahi̇ntürk, Erdem Arslan, Esra Büyükcangaz, Songül Sonal, Ayşi̇n Şen, Fi̇gen Ersoy, Mark A. Webber, Laura Jv. Piddock, Murat Cengi̇z Jan 2016

High Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance In Escherichia Coli Isolatedfrom Animals In Turkey Is Due To Multiple Mechanisms, Pinar Şahi̇ntürk, Erdem Arslan, Esra Büyükcangaz, Songül Sonal, Ayşi̇n Şen, Fi̇gen Ersoy, Mark A. Webber, Laura Jv. Piddock, Murat Cengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the molecular mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in E. Coli isolated from cattle, goats, sheep, cats, and dogs in Turkey. Twenty nonreplicate E. Coli isolates (chosen on the basis of RAPD pattern) from food-producing animals were selected for the study. To identify phenotypic differences between isolates, the sum of the MIC values of 14 antimicrobials was calculated; values ranged from 565 to 2520 μg/mL, indicating the diversity in antimicrobial resistance present in the panel of isolates. PCR and qRT-PCR were used to characterize the presence and expression levels of known molecular mechanisms of …

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The Effect Of Dgat1 Polymorphism On Milk Production Traits In Dairycows Depending On Environmental Temperature, Jolanta Komisarek, Mateusz Kolenda Jan 2016

The Effect Of Dgat1 Polymorphism On Milk Production Traits In Dairycows Depending On Environmental Temperature, Jolanta Komisarek, Mateusz Kolenda

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

It has long been known that a hot environment negatively influences milk production in cattle. Although molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon to a great extent remain to be recognized, they include alterations in lipid metabolism. DGAT1 plays a key role in the synthesis of triacylglycerols and polymorphism of this gene has been proven to have a pronounced influence on milk production. The aim of this study was to establish if the effect of DGAT1:p.K232A on milk-related traits is dependent on environmental thermal conditions. The analysis, performed on 468 cows of the Polish Holstein-Friesian breed, showed that allele DGAT1:K232 significantly increased …

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The Treatment Of Distal Metacarpus Fracture With Locking Compression Plate In Calves*, Ali̇ Belge, İbrahi̇m Akin, Ali̇ Gülaydin, Muhammed Fati̇h Yazici Jan 2016

The Treatment Of Distal Metacarpus Fracture With Locking Compression Plate In Calves*, Ali̇ Belge, İbrahi̇m Akin, Ali̇ Gülaydin, Muhammed Fati̇h Yazici

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of locking compression plates for the treatment of distal metacarpal fractures in calves. The metacarpus was stabilized using a stainless steel locking compression plate with fully threaded locking head screws. The calves started weight-bearing partially after the first postoperative day and resumed complete weight-bearing after day 10. Callus formation was obtained at the end of the 3rd week and completed at the end of the 8th week, and complete healing was seen at the 12th week in radiographs. The limbs were in good alignment, the calves were fully weight-bearing, and client …

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The Effect Of Yucca Schidigera Powder Added To Lamb Feed On Fatteningperformance, Some Blood Parameters, The Immune System, And Theantioxidative Metabolism Of The Hepatic Tissue, Recep Gümüş, Hali̇t İmi̇k Jan 2016

The Effect Of Yucca Schidigera Powder Added To Lamb Feed On Fatteningperformance, Some Blood Parameters, The Immune System, And Theantioxidative Metabolism Of The Hepatic Tissue, Recep Gümüş, Hali̇t İmi̇k

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, Yucca schidigera powder (YSP) added to lamb feed was investigated for its effects on performance, some blood parameters, the immune system, and the antioxidative metabolism of the hepatic tissue. Throughout a 10-week fattening period, twenty-four 2.5-month-old male Akkaraman lambs were used. Three groups were established, including a control group © and groups YSPI and YSPII, which received a basal ration alone, a basal ration + 100 ppm YSP, and a basal ration + 200 ppm YSP, respectively. The groups did not differ for performance parameters (P > 0.05). While 100 ppm YSP increased serum NH3 levels (P < 0.05), 200 ppm YSP significantly decreased serum cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and Mg levels (P < 0.05). The groups did not differ for antibody titers against the Brucella melitensis vaccine (Rev 1). In groups YSPI and YSPII, hepatic CAT activity and LPO levels were significantly lower than those of Group C (P < 0.01). While the GSH levels of group YSPI were significantly higher than those of groups C and YSPII, the SOD activity of group YSPII was significantly lower than those of groups C and YSPI (P < 0.01). As a result, while YSP did not affect the performance parameters or immune system, it significantly affected NH3 levels, lipid metabolism, and the antioxidant system.

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The Effects Of Varying Levels Of Dietary Starch On Reproductivetraits In Lactating Dairy Cows, Abdulkadi̇r Keski̇n, Hidir Gençoğlu, Gülnaz Meci̇toğlu, İsmai̇l Çeti̇n, Çağdaş Kara, Duygu Udum Küçükşen, Ebru Bi̇len, Bariş Güner, Abdülkadi̇r Orman, Ahmet Gümen Jan 2016

The Effects Of Varying Levels Of Dietary Starch On Reproductivetraits In Lactating Dairy Cows, Abdulkadi̇r Keski̇n, Hidir Gençoğlu, Gülnaz Meci̇toğlu, İsmai̇l Çeti̇n, Çağdaş Kara, Duygu Udum Küçükşen, Ebru Bi̇len, Bariş Güner, Abdülkadi̇r Orman, Ahmet Gümen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three different dietary starch levels on postpartum milk yield, blood metabolites, and reproductive traits in cows. A total of 23 primiparous Holstein-Friesian cows were fed three different diets including different starch levels on a dry matter basis from parturition until day 80. Cows were randomly assigned into the three groups according to the starch levels: low (LS, 16%, n = 7), medium (MS, 20%, n = 8), and high (HS, 24%, n = 8). Milk yields were recorded daily, and body condition score (BCS) was determined every week. Transrectal …

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The Effect Of Seasonal Variations On The Occurrence Of Certain Mycotoxins Inconcentrate Feeds For Cattle Collected From Some Provinces In Turkey, Hüsametti̇n Eki̇ci̇, Ebru Yildirim, Ender Yarsan Jan 2016

The Effect Of Seasonal Variations On The Occurrence Of Certain Mycotoxins Inconcentrate Feeds For Cattle Collected From Some Provinces In Turkey, Hüsametti̇n Eki̇ci̇, Ebru Yildirim, Ender Yarsan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of seasonal variations on the occurrence of total aflatoxin (AFTotal), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and total fumonisin (Ftotal) in the commercially mixed ruminant feed obtained from feed mills located in Ankara, Kırıkkale, Çankırı, Çorum, and Kırşehir provinces using the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. To represent the annual production, 22 samples were collected every quarter over 1 year (a total of 88 samples) starting in September 2012. AFTotal and AFB1 were detected in 72 samples (81.81%), OTA in 84 samples (95.45%), and Ftotal in 83 samples (94.31%). When seasonal …

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Performance Of Broilers Fed Raw Or Fermented And Redried Wheat, Barley, And Oat Grains, Sulhatti̇n Yaşar, Muhammed Saci̇d Gök, Yavuz Gürbüz Jan 2016

Performance Of Broilers Fed Raw Or Fermented And Redried Wheat, Barley, And Oat Grains, Sulhatti̇n Yaşar, Muhammed Saci̇d Gök, Yavuz Gürbüz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The efficacy of diets containing 40%-50% wheat, barley, or oat grains, fermented by a solid-state fermentation process, on bird performance, carcass yield, digestive organ development, and intestinal viscosity was tested. Compared with broiler chicks fed unfermented grains, those fed fermented oats had increased feed intake, and treatment with fermented wheat and barley improved the feed conversion ratio at days 21 and 42. Treatment with fermented barley and oats resulted in increased body weight at day 42. Treatment with fermented wheat and oats increased the percentage of carcass yield. Birds fed unfermented grains had highly viscous digesta, not seen among birds …

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The Efficacy Of Kaolin Clay In Reducing The Duration And Severity Of `Heat' Diarrhea In Foals, Magdalena Pieszka, Jaroslaw Luszczynski, Magdalena Hedrzak, Katerina Goncharova, Stefan G. Pierzynowski Jan 2016

The Efficacy Of Kaolin Clay In Reducing The Duration And Severity Of `Heat' Diarrhea In Foals, Magdalena Pieszka, Jaroslaw Luszczynski, Magdalena Hedrzak, Katerina Goncharova, Stefan G. Pierzynowski

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

'Heat' diarrhea in foals is an onerous but not life-threatening ailment, which indicates that it may be of osmotic origin. This was confirmed by a successful attempt, presented in this paper, to alleviate the severity and duration of foal heat diarrhea with the use of a typical absorbent, kaolin clay, as a feed additive, usually applied in feed production as an anticaking agent. Based on the present results, it can be concluded that treatment of foals maintained on different stud farms with a kaolin paste reduced the duration of heat diarrhea and alleviated its severity (P < 0.05 and P = 0.001). The observed action of kaolin clay, an excellent absorbent, suggests that the so-called heat diarrhea can be caused by disturbances in the intestinal osmotic balance at this specific age of foals. The use of this preparation can reduce the risk of secondary pathological viral or bacterial diarrhea and the requirement for veterinary intervention in foal management. It can also shorten the care period and increase foal well-being, essential for the normal development of a young horse. In addition, prophylactic application of an antidiarrheal preparation based on an industrial by-product, i.e. A cheap component, will reduce the costs of foal care.

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Mycoflora And Chemotype Characterization Of Fusarium Graminearum Isolatesobtained From Corn And Barley Used As Feedstuffs In The Northeast Of Iran, Abdollah Salehi, Roya Rezaeian Doloei Jan 2016

Mycoflora And Chemotype Characterization Of Fusarium Graminearum Isolatesobtained From Corn And Barley Used As Feedstuffs In The Northeast Of Iran, Abdollah Salehi, Roya Rezaeian Doloei

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to investigate the mycoflora and chemotyping of Fusarium graminearum isolates in corn and barley used in industrial dairy farms in Khorasan-Razavi Province, northeastern Iran. For this purpose, a total of 128 corn and barley samples were collected from 16 different large industrial dairy farms. Mean moisture of the samples collected in different seasons of the year was significantly different (P < 0.05). The most prevalent fungi isolated from corn samples were Penicillium spp. (90.62%) and Aspergillus spp. (82.81%), and that of barley samples was Penicillium spp. (89.06%). Frequency of Fusarium spp. İn corn and barley samples was 85.93% and 26.56%, respectively. All isolates (100%) were confirmed as Fusarium using an ITS primer. Eight (11.11%) out of 72 Fusarium spp. İsolates were confirmed as F. Graminearum using species-specific primers. Five out of 8 F. Graminearum isolates were positive in terms of the presence of the trichothecene-producing gene using a Tri5-specific primer. Three and 2 out of 5 toxin-producing F. Graminearum isolates were positive using Tri13DON- and Tri13NIV-specific primers, respectively. In conclusion, the presence of toxigenic Fusarium in corn and barley samples used in feedstuffs in Iran is a potential risk to animal and human health.

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Presence Of Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes Throughout The Digestive Tract Of Sheep, Renata Miltko, Grzegorz Belzecki, Barbara Kowalik, Jacek Skomial Jan 2016

Presence Of Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes Throughout The Digestive Tract Of Sheep, Renata Miltko, Grzegorz Belzecki, Barbara Kowalik, Jacek Skomial

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The activity of enzymes that digest carbohydrates at various points in the gastrointestinal tract of sheep was examined. In addition, weight and contents of digestive tract segments were examined. The experiment was performed on six adult ewes fed an 85% hay diet. The morphometric measurements revealed that the alimentary tract constituted 32% of the sheep's body mass and wet rumen contents constituted 70% of wet mass of the total digestive tract content. The protozoal population in the rumen varied from 37.2 × 104 to 54.0 × 104/mL rumen fluid. In the examined samples, ciliates were identified as belonging to the …

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Appraisal Of The Impact Of Aluminosilicate Use On The Health And Performance Of Poultry, Ali Gilani, Hassan Kermanshahi, Abolghasem Golian, Saeed Seifi Jan 2016

Appraisal Of The Impact Of Aluminosilicate Use On The Health And Performance Of Poultry, Ali Gilani, Hassan Kermanshahi, Abolghasem Golian, Saeed Seifi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Aluminosilicates are feed additives used for multiple purposes in the poultry industry. Bentonites, zeolites, and kaolins are types of aluminosilicate compounds that appear in the marketplace due to their capabilities as mycotoxin adsorbents and other qualifications. While there are some differences among their efficacies, anecdotal evidence confirms that these additives ameliorate aflatoxicosis and manure ammonia emission, and improve the durability of pelleted diets. Furthermore, these supplements are safe at 0.2%-1% inclusion levels in the commercial diet of broilers and layers and did not have any adverse effects on productive indices, and even promoted birds' performance. Nevertheless, their upper levels, especially …

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Effect Of Dietary Orange Peel Extract On Physiological, Biochemical, And Metabolic Responses Of Japanese Quail Reared Under Low Ambient Temperature, Mehmet Çi̇ftçi̇, Ülkü Gülci̇han Şi̇mşek, Bestami̇ Dalkiliç, Mehmet Ali̇ Azman, Ökkeş Yilmaz, Seda İflazoğlu Mutlu, Mehtap Özçeli̇k, Yasi̇n Baykalir, Fadi̇me Tonbak, Muammer Bahşi̇ Jan 2016

Effect Of Dietary Orange Peel Extract On Physiological, Biochemical, And Metabolic Responses Of Japanese Quail Reared Under Low Ambient Temperature, Mehmet Çi̇ftçi̇, Ülkü Gülci̇han Şi̇mşek, Bestami̇ Dalkiliç, Mehmet Ali̇ Azman, Ökkeş Yilmaz, Seda İflazoğlu Mutlu, Mehtap Özçeli̇k, Yasi̇n Baykalir, Fadi̇me Tonbak, Muammer Bahşi̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of dietary orange peel extract (OPE) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant status of tissues, and fatty acid composition of breast meat in Japanese quails reared under low ambient temperature were investigated in the present study. A total of 108 quails of 15 days old were assigned to 3 groups with 3 replicates. Animals were fed with a corn/soy-based standard diet in the control group and a standard diet supplemented with either 100 or 200 ppm of OPE in the experimental groups (control, OPE-100, and OPE-200 groups, respectively). Room temperature was gradually lowered at …

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Overall Prevalence Of Feline Overweight/Obesity In Japan As Determined Froma Cross-Sectional Sample Pool Of Healthy Veterinary Clinic-Visiting Cats In Japan, Nobuko Mori, Eiji Iwasaki, Yuki Okada, Koh Kawasumi, Toshiro Arai Jan 2016

Overall Prevalence Of Feline Overweight/Obesity In Japan As Determined Froma Cross-Sectional Sample Pool Of Healthy Veterinary Clinic-Visiting Cats In Japan, Nobuko Mori, Eiji Iwasaki, Yuki Okada, Koh Kawasumi, Toshiro Arai

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Many veterinarians feel that feline obesity is increasing in prevalence within Japan, but are unsure as to what real rate of obesity prevalence exists currently. The objectives of this study are twofold. First, we sought to determine the ratio of overweight/obese cats, as determined via body condition score (BCS), based on a cross-sectional pool of healthy cats. Second, using a uniform method of biochemical measurement for cat plasma collected all over Japan, we sought to construct cross-sectional working reference ranges of plasma metabolites using age, BCS, and sex as classifying factors. Overall, the rate of overweight and obese cats (BCS …

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The Effects Of Probiotics, Organic Acid, And A Medicinal Plant On The Immune Systemand Gastrointestinal Microflora In Broilers Challenged With Campylobacter Jejuni, Hossein Ebrahimi, Shaban Rahimi, Pejvak Khaki, Jesse L. Grimes, Sophia Kathariou Jan 2016

The Effects Of Probiotics, Organic Acid, And A Medicinal Plant On The Immune Systemand Gastrointestinal Microflora In Broilers Challenged With Campylobacter Jejuni, Hossein Ebrahimi, Shaban Rahimi, Pejvak Khaki, Jesse L. Grimes, Sophia Kathariou

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Campylobacter jejuni, a zoonotic bacterial pathogen with worldwide distribution, infects about 400 million humans in the world annually. In order to reduce C. Jejuni colonization in the gastrointestinal tracts of broilers and make chickens less susceptible to colonization, four commercial products based on organic acid, probiotics, and medicinal plants were used. In this experiment, 210 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were assigned to 7 treatment groups randomly with 3 replications and 10 birds in each pen. Birds were challenged on day 21 by 1 mL of 6 × 107 CFU/mL C. Jejuni live suspension and samples were collected on …

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Application Of Herbs And Propolis In Rabbits With Chronic Diarrhea, Robert Kupczynski, Tomasz Piasecki, Michal Bednarski, Kinga Spitalniak, Anna Budny-Walczak Jan 2016

Application Of Herbs And Propolis In Rabbits With Chronic Diarrhea, Robert Kupczynski, Tomasz Piasecki, Michal Bednarski, Kinga Spitalniak, Anna Budny-Walczak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) and an herbal mixture (Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, and Polygonum aviculare) on diarrhea course, hematological and biochemical parameters, and acid-base balance of rabbits. Twenty-four meat rabbits (Hyplus) were divided into four groups of eight animals. The rabbits were randomly divided into the following groups: HR - healthy rabbits, DR - rabbits with diarrhea symptoms, H - treated with 10% herbal extract, and EEP - treated with 10% ethanolic extract of propolis at 4 mL/L. The extracts were supplemented for 10 days into the drinking …

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Influence Of Flaxseed Combined With Thyme, Rosemary, And Sage Leaves Asfodder Additives On Antioxidant Status In The Liver Of Japanese Quail, Radoslaw Drozd, Artur Rybarczyk, Agata Wasak, Malgorzata Jakubowska, Kinga Rybak, Magdalena Skolmowska Jan 2016

Influence Of Flaxseed Combined With Thyme, Rosemary, And Sage Leaves Asfodder Additives On Antioxidant Status In The Liver Of Japanese Quail, Radoslaw Drozd, Artur Rybarczyk, Agata Wasak, Malgorzata Jakubowska, Kinga Rybak, Magdalena Skolmowska

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a combination of plant supplements with antioxidant properties on the total antioxidant status measured by FRAP and the activity of selected antioxidant enzymes in the livers of Japanese quails. The birds were given feed with the 4% addition of flaxseed combined with a 1% admixture of dried thyme, rosemary, or sage leaves, respectively. The results showed an increased value of the antioxidant potential in the livers of quails fed with a diet that contained the combination of flaxseed and thyme, compared to the control diet and the diet that …

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Evaluation Of Immunotherapeutic Potential Of Ocimum Sanctumin Bovine Subclinical Mastitis, Tawheed Ahmad Shafi, Baljinder Kumar Bansal, Dhiraj Kumar Gupta, Shashi Nayyar Jan 2016

Evaluation Of Immunotherapeutic Potential Of Ocimum Sanctumin Bovine Subclinical Mastitis, Tawheed Ahmad Shafi, Baljinder Kumar Bansal, Dhiraj Kumar Gupta, Shashi Nayyar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Mastitis, the inflammation of mammary glands, is caused by a wide range of contagious and environmental microbes, whose clearance from the udder is generally dependent on the use of antibiotics. However, antibiotic therapy may result in development of drug-resistant microbes and depress the activity of polymorphonuclear cells. The present study was therefore undertaken to explore the immunotherapeutic potential of an herb, Ocimum sanctum, in mastitis in dairy cows. The study involved twenty HF × Sahiwal lactating dairy cows, each identified with at least one specific subclinical mastitis quarter as per International Dairy Federation criteria. The cows were divided into two …

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