Animal Sciences Commons^™

A Comparison Of Corn Or Soybean Hull Based Diets With Dried Distillers Grain With Solubles (Ddgs) As The Protein Source In Finishing Diets Comparing Lamb Growth, Feed Efficiency, And Carcass Merit, R.D. Zelinsky, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, J.E. Held

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To evaluate growth, carcass merit and mineral status in wether lambs fed finishing diets formulated with dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) and soybean hulls (SH).

Effect Of Vitamin E Supplementation On Reproductive Performance In Spring Mated Ewes, J.E. Held, R. Zelinsky, K. Bruns, C. Wright

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To evaluate reproductive performance in commercial Polypay ewes fed supplemental vitamin E at the level recommended in the sheep NRC (1985) compared to the small ruminant NRC (2007) during spring mating.

2014 South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, Animal Science Department

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

This is the complete document containing all reports.

Effect Of Eazi-Breed Cidr On Reproductive Efficiency In Seasonally Anestrous Mated Ewes (Year 1), J.E. Held, R.D. Zelinsky, K. Bruns, A. Kolthoff

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

To demonstrate the use of the EAZI-BREED CIDR in ewe reproductive management, and evaluate the effect of EAZI-BREED CIDR insertion period of 6 or 12 d on reproductive efficiency in seasonally anestrous ewes in the Upper Midwest.

Effect Of Eazi-Breed Cidr On Reproductive Efficiency In Seasonally Anestrous Mated Ewes (Year 3), J.E. Held, A. Kolthoff, K. Bruns

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

To demonstrate the use of the EAZI-BREED CIDR in ewe reproductive management 6 d, 9 d, or 12 d insertion of the EAZI-BREED CIDR on seasonally anestrous ewes in the Upper Midwest.

Effect Of Eazi-Breed Cidr On Reproductive Efficiency In Seasonally Anestrous Mated Ewes (Year 3), J.E. Held, A. Kolthoff, K. Bruns

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

To demonstrate the use of the EAZI-BREED CIDR in ewe reproductive management 6 d, 9 d, or 12 d insertion of the EAZI-BREED CIDR on seasonally anestrous ewes in the Upper Midwest.

Effects Of Glycerol And Sire Breed On Growth And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Wether Lambs, R.M. Beck, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, C.L. Wright, J.E. Held

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To evaluate crude glycerin as an energy source for finishing lambs and to determine the effect of sire breed on finishing lamb growth performance and carcass characteristics. In light of previous research, the hypothesis for this experiment was that glycerol would have an energy value similar to that of corn when fed in high concentrate diets to finishing lambs.

Effects Of Increasing Dietary Energy Density By Replacing Hay With Soyhulls (Sh) And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (Ddgs) On Nutrient Digestibility And Rumen Physiology, R.D. Zelinsky, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, J.E. Held

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To determine the effects of increasing dietary energy density in lamb diets from soybean hulls (SH) and dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) on nutrient digestibility and rumen physiology.

Dry Matter Intake, Feed Efficiency And Animal Growth Response To Treated Corn Stover Inclusion In Lamb Finishing Diets, P.L. Reading, A. Kolthoff, J.E. Held, K. Bruns

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

To evaluate the effect of varying levels of treated corn stover on the dry matter intake and growth performance of growing lambs.

Effects Of Increasing The Energy Density Of A Lactating Ewe Diet By Replacing Hay With Soyhulls (Sh) And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (Ddgs), R.D. Zelinsky, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, J.E. Held

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of increasing the ewe’s dietary energy by replacing hay with SH and DDGS on milk production, nutrient composition, lamb growth, and changes in ewe body weight and body condition score (BCS).

Presence Of Mycoplasma Sp. In Lambs With Lung Lesions, J.A. Daniel, J.E. Held, L. Holler

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To test the impact of NPCoat administration on the prevalence of lung lesions in lambs.

Effect Of Level Of Soyhulls On Finishing Lamb Growth Efficiency And Carcass Merit, J.E. Held, R.D. Zelinsky, R. Beck, K. Bruns

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To determine the effects of soyhull (SH) based diets on finishing lamb growth performance, feed efficiency and carcass merit.

Evaluation Of Pre-Harvest Screening For Antibiotics And Flunixin Meglumine In Cattle, Shuna A. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Many antibiotics and medications used in the treatment of animals have a withdrawal time; residues are a concern for the meat industry. The most recently published 2009 USDA-FSIS Residue Program Data Report listed 135,389 Inspector-in-Charge-Generated (IICG) residue samples from 43,142,500 beef and dairy cattle inspected that year at harvest. Of these samples, 1,306 contained violative antibiotic residues and 327 violative flunixin meglumine residues. Two classes of antimicrobials comprised over half of the documented violative antimicrobial residues (beta-lactams that include ceftiofur and sulfa drugs that include sulfadimethoxine). While the violative residue rate seems small, violative residues are unacceptable. Management of carcasses …

Application Of A Bioenergetics Framework For Assessing Sub-Lethal Effects Of Pollutants In The Freshwater Mussel Elliptio Complanata, Christopher G. Goodchild

All Theses And Dissertations

Although biomarkers are frequently used to assess sublethal effects of contaminants, a lack of mechanistic linkages to higher-level effects limits the predictive power of biomarkers. Bioenergetics has been proposed as a framework for linking cellular effects to whole-animal effects. We investigated sublethal effects of exposure to wastewater treatment facility effluent in freshwater mussels in situ, thereby capturing ecologically relevant exposure conditions. Our study focused on the energetic biomarker AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), while also considering more traditional biomarkers like heat shock proteins (HSP70), and antioxidant enzymes (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST)). We examined biomarkers at mRNA and protein levels. …

South Atlantic Stream Fish Assemblages: Multi-Scale Structuring Factors, Trait Associations And Channelization, And Responses To Dam Removal, Cathy Marion

All Dissertations

South Atlantic coastal plain wadeable streams are unique and understudied freshwater environments that provide crucial habitats for a wide range of aquatic taxa. In Chapter 1, we investigated patterns in fish assemblages across South Carolina's coastal plain, and developed statistical models to identify the dominant multi-scale abiotic environmental factors that influence assemblage structure. Our analyses indicated the presence of four predominant fish assemblages that commonly occur in the coastal plain, which we termed the: 1) fluvial, 2) eastern mudminnow, 3) centrarchid, and 4) non-fluvial assemblages. Natural geographic gradients and instream habitat parameters associated with velocity, channel form, stream size, and …

Evaluation Of The Functional Capabilities Of Fins And Limbs For Moving On Land: Insights Into The Invasion Of Land By Tetrapods, Sandy Kawano

All Dissertations

Transitions to novel habitats present different adaptive challenges, producing captivating examples of how functional innovations of the musculoskeletal system influence phenotypic divergence and adaptive radiations. One intriguing example is the transition from aquatic fishes to tetrapods. Recent technological advances and discoveries of critical fossils have catapulted our understanding on how fishes gave rise to terrestrial vertebrates. Considerable attention has been paid to legged locomotion on land, but given that the first tetrapods were aquatic, limbs did not evolve primarily for terrestriality. How, then, is the locomotor function of limbs different from fins? Extant amphibious fishes demonstrate that fins can be …

Effect Of Supplemental Trace Mineral (Zinc, Copper, And Manganese) Source On Growth Performance, Morbidity, And Trace Mineral Status In Beef Cattle, Anthony Ryan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A series of studies were conducted to determine the effect of supplemental trace mineral source on growth performance, morbidity, and trace mineral status in growing beef cattle. The first experiment evaluated supplemental trace minerals from sulfate, organic, or hydroxy sources on growth performance and morbidity. Crossbreed beef calves were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments consisting of supplemental zinc (360 mg/d), copper (125 mg/d), and manganese (200 mg/d) from inorganic, organic, or hydroxy sources fed daily over a 42 to 45-d backgrounding phase. After removal of chronic and dead calves from the data set, trace mineral source had no effect …

Effects Of Animal Management Changes On The Activity Budgets And Walking Rates Of Zoo Elephants, Angela Dawn Mackey

Dissertations

The current study aimed to assess the effects of two management strategies, weekly rototilling of the enclosure and the provision of unpredictable foraging opportunities, on the daily behavior of six elephants housed at the San Diego Zoo. Observations took place from January to June 2013 and were conducted throughout a 24- hour period. The study was divided into three phases, each two months in duration. During the first phase (baseline) no changes were made to the current management routine of the elephants. In Phase 2, rototilling of the elephant enclosures was increased from once monthly to once per week, while …

Influence Of Steroids And Gonadotropins On Reproduction In Beef Cattle, Thomas L. Devine

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the influence of steroids and gonadotropins on reproduction in beef cattle. In experiment 1, beef heifers were used to determine the influence of growth-promoting implants on growth, reproductive development, estrous behavior, and pregnancy rate. Heifers were assigned to 1 of 4 implant treatment groups: control (CON); trenbolone acetate (TBA); trenbolone acetate plus estradiol (TBA+E2) or zeranol (ZER). Heifers were implanted once, A.I. and exposed to bull during this experiment. Body weight, BCS, HH, RTS, estrous behavior and pregnancy data were collected throughout this experiment. Average daily gain of heifers was greater for …

Correlated Response To Selection And Effects Of Pre-Slaughter Environment On Meat Quality In Broilers Divergently Selected For Muscle Color, Isaac David Harford

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Two broiler lines divergently selected for high (HMC) and low (LMC) muscle lightness (L*) were formed from a random bred control line (RBC). After eight generations of selection, three experimental trials were conducted to investigate the correlated response to selection and effects of pre-slaughter environment on meat quality in all three lines.

In the first experiment, a total of 100 birds from each line were bled for blood chemistry analysis and were evaluated for meat quality the following day. The HMC line had higher fillet drip loss (DL), L*, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H:L), and platelet count (Plt), and lower …

Effects Of Large Scale Growing Season Prescribed Burns On Movement, Habitat Use, Productivity, And Survival Of Female Wild Turkey On The White Rock Ecosystem Restoration Project Of The Ozark-St. Francis National Forest, Henry Tyler Pittman

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Restoration of woodland and savanna ecosystems has become a common management strategy in the Central Hardwoods region. Over the past two decades forest managers have implemented woodland and savanna restoration at the landscape level (≥10,000 ha), especially using early growing season prescribed fire. The implementation of the restoration strategy has coincided with declines of Eastern Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) in many treated areas causing concern that early growing season prescribed fire was impacting wild turkey. We initiated our study to examine the effect of woodland and savanna restoration on the ecology and habitat of wild turkey in the Ozark …

Assessing The Effectiveness Of Student Oriented Learning Outlines (Solos) In An Equine Classroom, Kathleen S. Jogan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study determined if the use of the student oriented learning outline (SOLO) in a University of Arkansas equine production classroom had a positive influence in three areas: mastery of material taught, retention of material taught and voluntary positive student behaviors related to the use of course material. Thirty-one students who were enrolled in 2012 were in the non-SOLO group (control), and 25 students who were enrolled in 2013 were the SOLO group (treatment). Three separate units were taught to the treatment and control groups with only one difference: the treatment group was given a SOLO one week in advance …

Review: Zinc’S Functional Significance In The Vertebrate Retina, Harris Ripps, Richard L. Chappell

Publications and Research

This review covers a broad range of topics related to the actions of zinc on the cells of the vertebrate retina. Much of this review relies on studies in which zinc was applied exogenously, and therefore the results, albeit highly suggestive, lack physiologic significance. This view stems from the fact that the concentrations of zinc used in these studies may not be encountered under the normal circumstances of life. This caveat is due to the lack of a zinc-specific probe with which to measure the concentrations of Zn2+ that may be released from neurons or act upon them. However, a …

Sheep Updates 2014, James Kynge, David Lindsay, Johan Greeff, John Young, Luke Stephen, Graham Gardner, Stephen Lee, Bindi Murray, James Rowe

Sheep Updates

This session covers nine papers from different authors:

Genetic Research: A brave new world of opportunities

1. "China's Appetite" - The implications for WA, James Kynge, Chairman, FT Confidential Research, Emerging Markets Editor, Financial Times, London.

2. The genetics warm-up - the secret language of genetic research and its impacts on WA's sheep flock, Professor David Lindsay, University of Western Australia, Perth WA

The strength of genetic data: is it really valuable?

3. Genetic research in Western Australia - What have the compromises in production been? Johan Greeff, Senior Geneticist, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia

4. Show …

Production Of Recombinant Human Coagulation Factor Ix By Transgenic Pig, Weijie Xu

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Hemophilia B is the congenital bleeding disorder caused by deficiency in functional coagulation factor IX (FIX) and about 28,000 patients worldwide in 2012. And current treatment is restricted to protein-replacement therapy, which required FIX concentrates for patients’ life-time. Approximately 1 billion units FIX were consumed in 2012. However, still about 70-80% patients, mostly in developing countries, received inadequate or no treatment because of the unavailable and/or unaffordable FIX concentrates. Considering safety reasons, e.g. transmission of blood-borne diseases, the recombinant human FIX (rFIX) is recommended other than the plasma-derived FIX. However, only one rFIX is currently available on the market. The …

A Review On Effects Of Aloe Vera As A Feed Additive In Broiler Chicken Diets, Darabighane Babak, Samuel N. Nahashon

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Prohibition of application of antibiotic growth promoters in broiler chicken diets has resulted in increased use of herbs as natural additives in broiler feeds over the recent years. Researchers particularly look for herbs that can affect such parameters as growth performance, immune response, or treatment of certain diseases. Aloe vera is a well-known herb characterized by properties such as anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, wound-healing, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic effects. During the past years, attention has shifted toward Aloe vera as a natural additive to broiler diets, and studies have shown that Aloe vera can improve immune response and growth …

Infrared Thermal Image For Assessing Animal Health And Welfare, Irenilza Alencar Nääs, Rodrigo Garófallo Garcia, Fabiana Ribeiro Caldara

Assessment of Animal Welfare Collection

Infrared thermal imaging is a non-destructive testing technology that can be used to determine the superficial temperature of objects. This technology has an increasing use in detecting diseases and distress in animal husbandry within the poultry, pig and dairy production. The process can identify changes in peripheral blood flow from the resulting changes in heat loss and; therefore, have been a useful tool for evaluating the presence of disease, edema, and stress in animals. This paper reviews the current literature related to the use of infrared technology and discusses their results and implications in animal welfare issues, poultry, pig and …

Ontogenetic Diet Shifts And Prey Preference Of A Generalist Predatory Fish, Brittany Jalene Scharf

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Marine ecosystems are highly dynamic and contain a diverse faunal assemblage that are subject to various natural and anthropogenic variability. Globally, seagrass ecosystems are located adjacent to coastal areas that are heavily impacted by human development and urbanization potentially altering the community structure within these ecosystem. Complex food webs connect many components of these systems, often in unexpected ways, and are ultimately based on one of two pathways: benthic (i.e., seagrass, epiphytes, microalgae, detritus) and planktonic (i.e., phytoplankton). Understanding the pathway which the food web is based gives further insight regarding the biological balance of the ecosystem; thus it is …

Long-Term Health Effects Of Neutering Dogs: Comparison Of Labrador Retrievers With Golden Retrievers, Benjamin L. Hart, Lynette A. Hart, Abigail P. Thigpen, Neil H. Willits

Endocrinology Collection

Our recent study on the effects of neutering (including spaying) in Golden Retrievers in markedly increasing the incidence of two joint disorders and three cancers prompted this study and a comparison of Golden and Labrador Retrievers. Veterinary hospital records were examined over a 13-year period for the effects of neutering during specified age ranges: before 6 mo., and during 6–11 mo., year 1 or years 2 through 8. The joint disorders examined were hip dysplasia, cranial cruciate ligament tear and elbow dysplasia. The cancers examined were lymphosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, mast cell tumor, and mammary cancer. The results for the Golden Retriever …

Informing Flood Plain Wetland Restoration Using Amphibian Monitoring, Ashley Vanderham

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Wetlands are among the most important and complex ecosystems in the world. They contribute to nutrient cycling, the hydrologic cycle, and provide critical habitat for many plants, fish, and wildlife. Channelization of Missouri River resulted in the loss of many floodplain wetlands. Despite ongoing restoration efforts, there are few ecologically-based performance guidelines, and managers need methods to quantify and assess the success of restored riverine wetland systems.

In 2008 a multi-institutional herpetofauna monitoring project, funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, was initiated in four states (Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, and Nebraska). The main goal of the project is to …