Animal Sciences Commons^™

Hemoglobin Isoform Differentiation And Allosteric Regulation Of Oxygen Binding In The Turtle, Trachemys Scripta, Christian Damsgaard, Jay F. Storz, Federico G. Hoffmann, Angela Fago

Jay F. Storz Publications

When freshwater turtles acclimatize to winter hibernation, there is a gradual transition from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, which may require adjustments of blood O₂ transport before turtles become anoxic. Here, we report the effects of protons, anionic cofactors, and temperature on the O₂-binding properties of isolated hemoglobin (Hb) isoforms, HbA and HbD, in the turtle Trachemys scripta. We determined the primary structures of the constituent subunits of the two Hb isoforms, and we related the measured functional properties to differences in O₂ affinity between untreated hemolysates from turtles that were acclimated to normoxia and anoxia. Our …

Sylvatic Species Of Echinococcus From Rodent Intermediate Hosts In Asia And South America, Scott Lyell Gardner, Altangerel T. Dursahinhan, Gábor R. Rácz, Nyamsuren Batsaikhan, Sumiya Ganzorig, David S. Tinnin, Darmaa Damdinbazar, Charles Wood, A. Townsend Peterson, Erika Alandia, José Luís Mollericona, Jorge Salazar-Bravo

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

During a global survey of the diversity of vertebrates and their parasites including the Gobi and desert/steppe biomes ranging from south central to western Mongolia, we found metacestodes (larvae) of Echinococcus multilocularis (Leuckart 1863) in the liver of an individual vole (Microtus limnophilus Büchner 1889) collected in grassland habitat at Har Us Lake, southeast of Hovd, Mongolia. Positive identification of E. multilocularis from near Hovd was made via comparative cyst morphology, study of hooks from the rostellum derived from protoscolexes, and DNA sequencing of the COX1 mitochondrial gene extracted from tissue of the cysts frozen in the field. This …

Pritchardia Boliviensis N. Gen., N. Sp. (Anoplocephalidae: Linstowinae), A Tapeworm From Opossums (Didelphidae) In The Yungas And Lowlands Of Bolivia And Atlantic Forest Of Paraguay, Scott Lyell Gardner, F. Agustín Jiménez Ruiz, Mariel L. Campbell

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Pritchardia boliviensis n. gen. n. sp. (Anoplocephalidae: Linstowiinae) is described from marsupials (Marmosops noctivagus, Metachirus nudicaudatus, Gracilinanus sp.) collected in Bolivia and Paraguay. These cestodes have a very small strobila with only three segments, regularly alternating genital pores, genital ducts crossing excretory canals ventrally, ovoid to pyriform cirrus sac, three to five testes, external seminal vesicle present and separated from cirrus sac by long seminal duct surrounded by glandular material, uterus ephemeral, eggs forming rapidly in gravid segments, and seminal receptacle present. Pritchardia boliviensis n. sp. includes a single species that occurs in small marsupials in the family …

Growth Of Tropical Dasyatid Rays Estimated Using A Multi-Analytical Approach, Owen R. O'Shea, Matias Braccini, Rory Mcauley, Conrad W. Speed, Mark G. Meekan

Fisheries Research Articles

We studied the age and growth of four sympatric stingrays: reticulate whipray, Himanutra uarnak (n=19); blue mask, Neotrygon kuhlii (n=34); cowtail, Pastinachus atrus (n=32) and blue-spotted fantail, Taeniura lymma (n=40) rays at Ningaloo Reef, a fringing coral reef on the north-western coast of western Australia. Age estimates derived from band counts within sectioned vertebrae ranged between 1 and 27 years (H. uarnak, 1 - 25 yrs.; N. kuhlii, 1.5 - 13 yrs.; P. atrus, 1 - 27 yrs. and T. lymma, 1 -11 yrs.). Due to limitations of sample sizes, we combined several analytical methods …

Are Characiform Fishes Gondwanan In Origin? Insights From A Time-Scaled Molecular Phylogeny Of The Citharinoidei (Ostariophysi: Characiformes), Jairo Arroyave, John S. S. Denton, Melanie L. J. Stiassny

Publications and Research

Fishes of the order Characiformes are a diverse and economically important teleost clade whose extant members are found exclusively in African and Neotropical freshwaters. Although their transatlantic distribution has been primarily attributed to the Early Cretaceous fragmentation of western Gondwana, vicariance has not been tested with temporal information beyond that contained in their fragmentary fossil record and a recent time-scaled phylogeny focused on the African family Alestidae. Because members of the suborder Citharinoidei constitute the sister lineage to the entire remaining Afro-Neotropical characiform radiation, we inferred a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of citharinoids using a popular Bayesian approach to molecular dating …

News Of The Department Of Animal Science, Department Of Animal Science

Animal Science Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2011, Leah English, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

This report is the eighth in a series of reports examining agriculture’s economic contribution on the Arkansas economy. Utilizing data from the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), USDA Economic Research Service (ERS), USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), and Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc. (MIG), the economic contribution of agriculture on the Arkansas economy was estimated for the most recent year available, 2011. The total economic contribution of agriculture (direct, indirect, and induced effects) to value added, employment, and labor income was estimated using the Impact Analysis for Planning System (IMPLAN). The economic contributions of agricultural production and processing …

Densidad Y Abundancia De Conejo Pintado (Agouti Paca): Tres Métodos De Estimación De La Población, John Zeiger

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

El conejo pintado (Agouti paca) es una especie de roedor que es muy importante por ambos el ecosistema tropical y las comunidades rurales. Sin embargo, relativamente poco es sabido sobre la densidad y abundancia de esta especie en Panamá. En mi estudio, usé tres métodos—cámaras trampas, transectos, y el saber del pueblo loca—para estimar la densidad y abundancia relativa de conejo pintado en el bosque tropical y húmedo cerca de Gamboa. Según análisis recaptura marca de las fotos de las cámaras trampas y calculaciones con el programa Capture, calculé que había 3 conejo pintados en el sitio de …

Growing South Dakota (Fall 2013), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Crop Watchers: Plant Science Department Research Efforts Strive To Enhance Farming Practices
[Page] 5 Profiles In Leadership: David Wright; Collegiate Leadership Matters
[Page] 6 Fall Collegiate News
[Page] 8 Opportunities To Explore: College’s Summer Camps Help Spark Career Interests
[Page] 10 Collaborative Campaign: Sales Of Cull Cows Helping Fund New SDSU Cow-Calf Facility
[Page] 12 Notable
[Page] 13 A Message From The SDSU Foundation

An Evaluation Of Potential Management Options For The Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Aduncus) Population In Kizimkazi, Zanzibar, Rebecca Hamilton

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

A short-term study was conducted between November 3rd and November 30th of 2013 in which dolphin area usage was assessed and interviews conducted in order to evaluate which actions should be considered in order to improve dolphin management in Kizimkazi, Zanzibar. GPS coordinates during dolphin sightings were recorded while on tourist and volunteer boat trips to assess dolphin movement and distribution. While on the tourist boats, observations were also made regarding boat operator, tour guide, and tourist knowledge and behavior in relation to tourism interaction guidelines. Interviews were conducted with locals involved in the dolphin tourism sector, tour company representatives, …

Species Censes & Local Conceptions Of Ornithological Fauna, Uzi, Alexandria Vandervest

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Uzi Island is a rapidly growing and developing island with a wealth of flora and fauna found in very few other places around the world. Study is needed in every field, this was a preliminary study into the residential and migrant bird species presence on Uzi Island. Birds were observed in two of the main habitats present on Uzi Island, intertidal/mangrove and coral-rag. Three transects were cut and laid through each of the two habitats and monitored in the morning and evening hours over the course of 20 days. A total of 1949 birds were recorded comprising 71 species (708 …

Genes With Physiological Roles In Callipyge Muscle Hypertrophy, Hui Yu

Open Access Dissertations

Callipyge sheep is an excellent model to study genes regulation in muscle growth since the up-regulation of DLK1 and/or RTL1 results in extreme postnatal muscle hypertrophy in loin and hindquarters. DLK1 and/or RTL1 are the primary inducers of muscle hypertrophy due to the inheritance model for the callipyge phenotype. The overall aim of this dissertation is to study the physiological pathways responding to the up-regulation of DLK1 and / or RTL1 in the hypertrophied muscles. Microarray analysis of gene expression identified 375 genes that were differentially expressed in callipyge semimembranosus. Twenty-five transcripts were further verified by quantitative PCR in two …

Determination And Development Of Cost Effective Techniques To Monitor Recreational Catch And Effort In Western Australian Demersal Finfish Fisheries: Final Report For Frdc Project 2005/034 And Wamsi Subproject 4.4.3, B S. Wise, W J. Fletcher

Fisheries Research Reports

Objectives1.Complete a series of concurrent catch and effort surveys of the West Coast Demersal Recreational Fishery using a variety of survey techniques.2.Compare the precision and accuracy of estimates generated using these various techniques3.Usingcostbenefitanalysis,produceaseriesofoptionstomonitorannualcatchandeffortfora range of precision levels and indicator species4.Development of cost effective methods for monitoring the catch of the non-commercial sector.

Biology, History, And Assessment Of Western Australian Abalone Fisheries, Anthony M. Hart, Frank Fabris, Nick Caputi

Fisheries Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Notchless Interacts With Multiple Signaling Pathways During Mouse Peri-Implantation Development, Chiao-Ling Lo

Open Access Dissertations

During peri-implantation, the embryo transitions from a suspension environment in the fallopian tubes to an adherent system within the uterus. Successful transition requires maternal and fetal signaling cascades that establish maternal-fetal boundaries. Failure is common, as ~ 25% of all human pregnancies terminate during these steps. A large-scale mutation study in mice produced two mutants (l11Jus1 and l11Jus4) that are excellent models of this transition. l11Jus1 and l11Jus4 contain missense mutations in the Notchless homolog 1 (Drosophila) (Nle1) gene. NLE1 is thought to signal via the canonical NOTCH pathway in vertebrates. Although in invertebrates and lower vertebrates, NOTCH signaling directs …

Fringed Myotis (Myotis Thysanodes Pahasapensis): Species Conservation Assessment, Melissa J. Panella

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

The primary goal in development of at-risk species conservation assessments is to compile biological and ecological information that may assist conservation practitioners in making decisions regarding the conservation of species of interest. The Nebraska Natural Legacy Project recognizes the fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes pahasapensis) as a Tier I at-risk species. Provided are some general management recommendations regarding the fringed myotis. Conservation practitioners will need to use professional judgment to make specific management decisions based on objectives, location, and a multitude of variables. This resource was designed to share available knowledge of the fringed myotis that will aid in the decision-making …

Store-Operated Calcium Entry And Its Function During Fertilization In Porcine Eggs, Chunmin Wang

Open Access Dissertations

In a variety of mammalian cells, the depletion of intracellular Ca^{2+ stores leads to Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane though a process known as store-operated Ca2+ entry. It not only plays a critical role in the replenishment of the Ca2+ stores but it is also responsible for the maintenance of long-lasting high intracellular Ca2+ levels and sustaining repetitive Ca2+ oscillations. During fertilization a Ca2+ signal, which can take the form of a single or multiple Ca2+ elevations (depending on the species) is the universal trigger for the egg-to-embryo transition. For sustaining …}

The Genetic Architecture Of Juvenile Migration In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Benjamin Charles Hecht

Open Access Dissertations

Animal migrations play a critical role in the health and balance of ecological systems and in the evolution and diversification of species, and this is perhaps best displayed amongst salmonid fishes (salmon, trout, and char) who exhibit variation in the propensity to migrate both within and among species. Rainbow and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), members of the salmonid family of fishes, capture this variation throughout their native range. Some populations and ecotypes will remain resident in freshwater habitats throughout their life history; while others have the ability to embark on tremendous marine migrations. Those that migrate undergo a suite of …

Distribution Extension Of Escherbothrium Molinae Berman And Brooks, 1994 (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Triloculariidae) In Urotrygon Sp. From The Pacific Coast Of Mexico, Francisco Zaragoza-Tapia, Scott Monks, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Juan Violante-González

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cestodes collected from the spiral valves of the stingray Urotrygon sp. from the Pacific coast of Mexico were identified as Escherbothrium molinae Berman and Brooks, 1994. The first report of the species was from the Gulf of Nicoya and the Guanacaste coast, Costa Rica; this work represents the second report of the species since the original description and extends its distribution north to Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico.

Analysis Of Mitochondrial Dna Structuring Between Colonies Of The World’S Smallest Penguin (Eudyptula Minor) In New South Wales, Australia, Melissa R. Tighe

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The Little Penguin, Eudyptula minor, is a flightless seabird that is endemic to Australia and New Zealand. It can be found nesting on both on and offshore colonies along the coasts of both countries and it is the only penguin currently found breeding on mainland Australia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species lists E. minor as “Least Concerned,” but numbers have noticeably dropped in recorded history due to a number of direct and indirect anthropogenic influences. One particular location of decline is Manly, New South Wales that contains the last onshore breeding colony of E. minor in NSW, Australia. …

Effects Of Ocean Acidification On The Behavior Of Two Marine Invertebrates: A Study Of Predator-Prey Responses Of The Molluscs Conus Marmoreus And Strombus Luhuanus At Elevated-Co2 Conditions, Jennifer Fields

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Ocean acidification has been affecting the world’s oceans since the introduction of anthropogenic CO2 into the atmosphere during the Industrial Revolution. An increase in CO2 uptake from the atmosphere to the ocean has had a profound impact on not only the water chemistry, but marine organisms as well. Ocean acidification is known to have significant impacts on marine invertebrates in terms of calcification and reproduction; however, effects of increased CO2 on marine invertebrate behavior are vastly unknown. Marine conch gastropods have a modified muscularized foot that allows them to escape quite rapidly when faced with a predator cone shell. Utilizing …

Gene Expression Life History Markers In A Hatchery And A Wild Population Of Young-Of-The-Year Oncorhynchus Mykiss, Ian D. F. Garrett

Dissertations and Theses

Life history within a single species can vary significantly. Many of these differences are associated with varying environmental conditions. Understanding what environmental conditions cue alternate life histories within a single species has been researched extensively. In salmonid fishes, more than almost any other group, varying environmental conditions give rise to individuals within species that take markedly different life history trajectories.

Oncorhynchus mykissis a species of salmonid native to the Pacific Northwest region of North America. This species has two life history forms, anadromous and resident. The anadromous form spends a portion of its life in ocean while the resident life …

Reported Incidences Of Parasitic Infections In Marine Mammals From 1892 To 1978, John R. Felix

Zea E-Books Collection

The role of parasites in the lives and deaths of marine mammals has been scrutinized by biologists for decades, but the scientific literature prior to 1978 has been difficult to acquire and time-consuming to search. Now this new and extensive bibliography gives researchers a convenient resource for reviewing the classical literature on parasites of marine mammals so that historical infection prevalence and geographical distribution can be easily and properly assessed. This book contains detailed information about accepted (or suspected) taxonomic synonyms and geographical information about the host and/or parasite, covering the parasite groups Acanthocephala, Acarina, Anoplura, Cestoda, Nematoda, and Trematoda, …

The Tiger Genome And Comparative Analysis With Lion And Snow Leopard Genomes, Yun Sung Cho, Li Hu, Haolong Hou, Hang Lee, Jiaohui Xu, Soowhan Kwon, Sukhun Oh, Hak-Min Kim, Sungwoong Jho, Sangsoo Kim, Young-Ah Shin, Byung Chul Kim, Hyunmin Kim, Chang-Uk Kim, Shu-Jin Luo, Warren E. Johnson, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, A. Schmidt-Kunzel, Jason A. Turner, L. Marker, Cindy K. Harper, Susan M. Miller, Wilhelm Jacobs, Laura D. Bertola, Tae Hyung Kim, Sunghoon Lee, Qian Zhou, Hyun-Ju Jung, Xiao Xu, Priyvrat Gadhvi, Pengwei Xu, Yingqi Xiong, Yadan Luo, Shengkai Pan, Caiyun Gou, Xiuhui Chu, Jilin Zhang, Sanyang Liu, Jing He, Ying Chen, Linfeng Yang, Yulan Yang, Jiaju He, Sha Liu, Junyi Wang, Chul Hong Kim, Hwanjong Kwak, Jong-Soo Kim, Seungwoo Hwang, Junsu Ko, Chang-Bae Kim, Sangtae Kim, Damdin Bayarlkhagva, Woon Kee Paek, Seong-Jin Kim, Stephen J. O'Brien, Jun Wang, Jong Bhak

Biology Faculty Articles

Tigers and their close relatives (Panthera) are some of the world’s most endangered species. Here we report the de novo assembly of an Amur tiger whole-genome sequence as well as the genomic sequences of a white Bengal tiger, African lion, white African lion and snow leopard. Through comparative genetic analyses of these genomes, we find genetic signatures that may reflect molecular adaptations consistent with the big cats’ hypercarnivorous diet and muscle strength. We report a snow leopard-specific genetic determinant in EGLN1 (Met39>Lys39), which is likely to be associated with adaptation to high altitude. We also detect a …

Analytical And Toxicological Assessment Of Carp Collected From Utah Lake, Holly Clayton, Dr. Richard Kellems

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The June sucker was once the most abundant fish species in Utah Lake and its tributaries. Since April 30, 1986, the June sucker has been on the endangered species list. Some declines in species abundance is due to the competition of nonnative species and degraded water quality, both which can be attributed to the amount of common carp in Utah Lake. The June Sucker Recovery Implementation Program (JSRIP) desires to resolve the concerns of water development and large numbers of nonnative, sportfish predators and competitors by removing nearly all the common carp from Utah Lake.

The Analysis Of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (Pcb) In Common Carp, Phydee John Heng, Dr. Richard O. Kellems

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were first introduced into Utah Lake in 1881 with large numbers being imported between 1881 and 1903. Common carp ages 2+ years have an estimated population of 5.9 million in Utah Lake . A risk assessment, based on four categories of effects (i.e., predation, competition, abundance, habitat destruction), ranked common carp as the nonnative species with the highest potential for conflict with June Sucker recovery .

Functional Morphology Of Rat Hands And Feet: Correlation With The Ability To Grip Tree Branches During Locomotion, Jessica E. Fonce, Andrew R. Lammers

Undergraduate Research Posters 2013

Anatomy and function are usually closely related. Since locomotion on tree branches is common among mammals, we expect to find that the anatomy of the hands and feet is well-suited toward gripping narrow, cylindrical, branch-like substrates. We hypothesize that the ability of rats to grip arboreal supports relies on musculature responsible for adducting the first digit (thumb and big toe) and opposing medial-most and lateral-most digits. We dissected the hands and feet of four rat cadavers. There is a substantial muscle that may be responsible for the flexion/adduction of the thumb in the hands. We also found lumbricals, and dorsal …

Culturally Speaking: Lactose Intolerance: A Condition As Old As The Stone Age, Phillip Tong

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Aerial Surveys Of Shore-Based Recreational Fishing In Carnarvon And Shark Bay: June To August 2012, Claire B. Smallwood, Daniel J. Gaughan

Fisheries Research Reports

Aerial surveys are a useful tool for obtaining data on the spatial distribution of recreational fishing and estimating fishing effort. Following the successful application of this method in the Perth Metropolitan area, aerial surveys were conducted around Carnarvon and Shark Bay from June to August 2012. Recreational shore-based fishers were identified by fishing method (i.e., line fishing, ballooning, netting and spearfishing) and their location geo-referenced. Additional information on non-fishers, camps, boat trailers, vehicles and boats anchored or on the beach was also recorded. A combination of systematic random and stratified random sampling was employed, providing good estimates of fishing effort …

Status Of Nearshore Finfish Stocks In South-Western Western Australia: Part 1: Australian Herring, Kimberley A. Smith, Joshua Brown, Paul Lewis, Chris Dowling, A Howard, Rod J. Lenanton, Brett Molony

Fisheries Research Reports

The status of the popular nearshore finfish resource in the West Coast Bioregion (WCB) of Western Australia (WA) was largely unknown prior to this study. Previously, declining catches of several nearshore species had highlighted the risk to their sustainability and the need for greater certainty about their status. Recently, the risk further increased due to management changes in the WCB aimed at reducing the catch of demersal scalefish, which are likely to result in a shift in targeting towards nearshore species. This increase in fishing pressure on nearshore species will be on top of any increase due to the continuing …