Animal Sciences Commons^™

Effect Of Energy Source And Escape Protein On Receiving And Finishing Performance And Health Of Calves, R. A. Mccoy, Rick Stock, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. H. Shain, M. J. Klemesrud

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two receiving and two finishing trials evaluated energy source and escape protein supplementation for calves. In receiving Trial 1, 398 calves (257 ± 24 kg BW) were used in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Energy sources were dryrolled corn (DRC) and wet corn gluten feed (WCGF); each was fed without or with supplemental escape protein (EP). Calves fed WCGF gained slower ( P < .05) and consumed less DM ( P < .01) than calves fed DRC. Feed efficiency improved ( P < .10) with EP supplementation. In finishing Trial 1, 240 calves (305 ± 21 kg BW) were used. The arrangement of treatments was the same as in receiving Trial 1. Calves fed DRC/WCGF tended ( P = .15) to be more efficient and consumed less DM ( P < .05) than calves fed DRC. In receiving Trial 2, 315 calves (252 ± 23 kg BW) were fed diets similar to those fed in receiving Trial 1. Calves fed WCGF consumed less DM ( P < .01), gained similarly ( P > .15), and were more efficient ( P < .10) than calves fed DRC. In finishing Trial 2, 320 calves (298 ± 23 kg BW) were fed diets containing DRC, DRC/WCGF, high-moisture corn (HMC), HMC/WCGF, and DRC/HMC; each was fed without or with supplemental EP. An energy source ´ protein supplement interaction was detected for gain ( P < .05) and efficiency ( P < .01). Results suggest that WCGF has a NE_g greater than DRC in receiving diets and a NE_g similar to that of DRC but lower than that of HMC in finishing diets.

Solvent-Extracted Germ Meal For Receiving Calves, Daniel Herold, Mark Klemesrud, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

This study evaluated solvent-extracted germ meal as a dietary ingredient for receiving calves. Treatments were 7% of dry matter as either corn bran or solvent-extracted germ meal in 55% concentrate diets. Average daily gain, dry matter intake and feed to gain ratio were not influenced by treatment. Dry matter offered for the first 7 days calves were in the feedlot also did not differ due to treatment. Both dry matter consumption and calf performance indicated solvent-extracted germ meal can replace up to 7% corn bran in the diet without influencing either dry matter intake or performance.

Tenderness And Retail Stability Of Hydrodyne-Treated Beef, Bernadette O'Rourke, Chris R. Calkins, Rose Rosario, Morse Solomon, John Long

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Detonating a small explosive within a water-filled, stainless steel tank, creates a shock wave which penetrates vacuum-packaged meat. The acoustical match between water and meat caused an immediate and significant (P<.05) reduction in shear force. After an additional 10 days of aging, no tenderness differences (P>.05) were detected. Hydrodyne created no differences in pH, sarcomere length, purge, oxidative rancidity, bacterial counts (anaerobic or aerobic) or panel color ratings for either cut. Treated samples had higher Hunter L* values. The Hydrodyne process can tenderize unaged meat with no detriment to product display or shelf stability characteristics.

Block And Bridle Annual, 1998

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Emblem and Purpose
Historian's Welcome
Dr. Aberle's Letter
Treasurer's Report
Officers & Committee Chairs
Initiates
Advisors, Faculty, Secretaries & Staff
Liaison Committee, Graduate Student
Committee Chairs
Little AK-SAR-BEN
Active Member Poem
Christmas Luncheon
Beef Pit
Kid's Day, Spring & Fall
National Meeting
Nebraska Brands-Make Your Mark
1997 Honoree-Richard F. Shinn
Outstanding Student Awards
Big Red Beef Show
Little MAEC Contest- Market & Breeding
Little MAEC Contest- Meats
State Agricultural Education Contest
Balloon Sales
Meats Judging Teams
Meat Animal Evaluation Team
Livestock Judging Teams
1997-1998 Academic Scholarship Recipients
Index of Advertisers

Tragopan: Newsletter Of The Wpa/Species Survival Commission/Birdlife Pheasant Specialist Group 8-13/14 (1998-2001), World Pheasant Association, Iucn Species Survival Commission, Birdlife International Pheasant Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

Issue 8 (March 1998)

Editorial

From the Chairman

Project news

International Symposium

Vietnamese Seminar

Edwards"s pheasant workshop

Studies on Elliot's pheasant

Neating of Blyth 's tragopan

Annamese silver pheasant

Siamese firebacks in Vietnam

Peoples' participation in Vietnam

Funding agencies

PSO core committee

Issue 9 (August 1998)

Editorial

From the Chairman

Project news

lnternational Galliformes Symposium

The New Pheasant Action Plan

Brown eared pheasant distribution

Imperial pheasant - a hybrid?

Probable new pheasant taxon

Dolan's eared pheasant

Pheasunts in Great Himalayan National Park

Reeves's pheasant nature reserve

Pipar pheasant survey, Nepal

Obituaries

Issue 10 (March 1999)

Editorial

From the Chairman

Project …

Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association 1997/1998, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

Chairman's report, Richard P. Howard

Annual report of Council 1997/98

Chapters and Affiliate reports

Pheasant Specialist Group report, Peter J. Garson

Treasurer's annual report and account, Ian F. Hoggarth

Partridge, Quail and Francolin Specialist Group report, John P. Carroll

Grouse Specialist Group report, Ilse Storch

Megapode Specialist Group report, René W. R. J. Dekker

Cracid Specialist Group report, Daniel M. Brooks and Stuart D. Strahl

WPA-South Asia Regional Office, Rahul Kaul

Ecology and conservation of the Moluccan megapode in Halmahera, Gillian C. Baker, Helen Crudgington, Hujaima Cein, and Halim Mahmud

Sichuan hill-partridge forest conservation project: Report on the 1997 field …

The Role Of Anadromous Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) In The Nutrient Loading And Productivity Of The Sawtooth Valley Lakes, Idaho, H. P. Gross, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Chris Luecke

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

We constructed a simulation model for Redfish Lake, Idaho, using water budget and nutrient loading measurements, to predict the dependence of lake production on nutrients from the watershed, precipitation, lake fertilization, and marine-derived nutrients from sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, which historically have reared in the lake. We also used the model to simulate different management scenarios to help restore the endangered Snake River sockeye salmon. The model and other empirical evidence indicated that even before hydropower dams were present in the migration corridor, marine-derived nutrients were not of major importance to lake production, contributing only about 3% of the annual …

Clones Help Develop Ewe Feeding Strategy, Myra Yelland, Rob Kelly, John Davies, Johan Greeff

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Cloned sheep are not a new animal to the researchers of Agriculture WA, but the method that produced Dolly is.

Cloned sheep have been produced at the great Southern Research Institute as early as the mid 1980s. Myra Yelland, Rob Kelly, John Davies and Johan Greef outline how clones are used in experimental studies on wool production

Selling Western Australian Wool To The World, Georgina Wilson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Western Australia supplies 14 per cent of the worls's apparel wool and Agriculture WA's Wool Program has been working to raise the State's profile as a consistent supplier of high quality fibre to the world markets. It's a slow process in a very traditional industry, but modern measurement and computers are useful tools as Georgina Wilson explains.

Desert Tortoise Gopherus Agassizii

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Desert tortoises, also known as desert turtles or gopher tortoises, currently are found in Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah, as well as parts of Mexico, and in the Mojave, Colorado, Sonoran and Sinaloan deserts.  As the result of various human activities over the past 150 years, tortoises have been eliminated or reduced in large portions of their range in California and in areas near Las Vegas and St. George, Utah.

Desert tortoise population densities range from just a few per square mile to more than 200 per square mile.  Although the number of desert tortoises in the world is unknown, …

Predator Urines As Chemical Barriers To White-Tailed Deer, Jerrold L. Belant, Thomas W. Seamans, Laura A. Tyson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The authors assessed whether bobcat (Lynx rufus) or coyote (Canis latrans) urine could reduce white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) use of established feeding areas or trails. A four-week experiment evaluating deer use of eight feeding stations, four each with coyote or bobcat urine was conducted at a 2,200 ha fenced facility in northern Ohio with high deer densities (38/km²). At this same facility, the authors also monitored deer use of four trails where coyote urine was applied. For both experiments, urine was placed in holders positioned at ground level within 2 m of …

Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: Ii. Genotypic Effects On Growth, Slaughter, And Carcass Traits, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A resource flock of 362 F2 lambs provided phenotypic and genotypic data to estimate effects of callipyge ( CLPG) genotypes on growth, slaughter, and carcass traits. Lambs were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age to allow comparisons at different end points. Probabilities of CLPG genotypes were calculated at a position 86 cM from the most centromeric marker of chromosome 18. A contrast of CLPG genotypic effects, based on the paternal polar over-dominance model, was used to evaluate callipyge and normal phenotypes. Relationships of traits with slaughter age, carcass weight, or 12th-rib fat …

Evaluation Of The Ovine Callipyge Locus: I. Relative Chromosomal Position And Gene Action, B. A. Freking, J. W. Keele, C. W. Beattie, S. M. Kappes, T. P.L. Smith, T. S. Sonstegard, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Kreg A. Leymaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Genotypic and phenotypic data were collected to estimate chromosomal position of the callipyge (CLPG) gene and to test gene action. Nine Dorset rams of extreme muscling phenotype and 114 Romanov ewes composed the grandparent generation of a resource flock of 362 F₂ lambs segregating at the CLPG locus. The parent generation consisted of eight F₂ sires and 138 F₁ dams. The F₂ lambs were serially slaughtered in six groups at 3-wk intervals starting at 23 wk of age to allow comparisons at different end points. A linkage group of 25 marker loci (mean of 708 informative …

Effect Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed, Supplemental Protein, And Tallow On Steer Finishing Performance, C. J. Richards, Rick Stock, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. H. Shain

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two trials evaluated the effects of level of wet corn gluten feed (WCGF), type of supplemental protein, and supplemental tallow on steer finishing performance. In Trial 1, WCGF was fed at 0, 25 (two diets), or 50% of the dietary DM replacing dry-rolled corn (DRC), molasses, and a portion of the supplement. The DRC control diet and one 25% WCGF diet were supplemented with a combination of protein sources. The second 25% WCGF diet was supplemented with urea alone. The 50% WCGF diet contained no additional protein supplementation. No differences in DMI (P > .10) were observed. Calves fed 25% WCGF …

Effect Of Degradable Intake Protein Level On Finishing Cattle Performance And Ruminal Metabolism, D. H. Shain, Rick Stock, Terry J. Klopfenstein, D. W. Herold

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two finishing trials and a metabolism trial were conducted to evaluate level of supplemental degradable intake (crude) protein (DIP) in finishing diets on cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal metabolism. Finishing trials were conducted in two consecutive years using 128 crossbred yearling steers (BW = 343 ± 5 kg, Trial 1) and 176 crossbred yearling steers (BW = 375 ± 4 kg, Trial 2) in a randomized complete block design. Steers were fed dry-rolled corn diets containing urea at 0, .88, 1.34, or 1.96% (DM basis). No differences in DMI, daily gain, or feed efficiency were noted among steers receiving …

Complementary Responses Between Feather Meal And Poultry By-Product Meal With Or Without Ruminally Protected Methionine And Lysine In Growing Calves, M. J. Klemesrud, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Austin Lewis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

We evaluated feather meal (FTH) and poultry by-product meal (PBM) as complementary protein sources for growing calves. In a replicated 84-d growth trial, individually fed steer calves (n = 120; 252 ± 24 kg) were supplemented with urea or with graded levels of soybean meal (SBM), FTH, PBM, or 2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM (CP basis). Protein efficiency, calculated as gain above the urea control vs natural protein intake using the slope-ratio technique, was greater for FTH than for SBM, PBM, and 2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM ( P < .10). Addition of ruminally protected methionine and lysine did not affect protein efficiency ( P > .30) for FTH, PBM, or 2/3 FTH:1/3 PBM. Even though true protein digestibility in the …

Effect Of Acute Treatment With Progesterone On The Timing And Synchrony Of Ovulation In Bos Indicus Heifers Treated With A Norgestomet Implant For 17 Days, J. Cavalieri, J. E. Kinder, L. A. Fitzpatrick

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The aim of the present study was to develop a treatment protocol for the precise synchronization of oestrus that would avoid the development of persistent dominant ovarian follicles. Bos indicus heifers, in which oestrous cycles had been presynchronized, were allocated randomly, according to the day of their oestrous cycle, to one of five treatment groups. All heifers received a subcutaneous ear implant containing 3 mg of norgestomet for 17 days starting on day 0 and an injection of an analogue of prostaglandin F_2α on days 0 and 4. Heifers in group 1 (control group; n = 7) received no …

Expression Of An Inter-Α-Trypsininhibitor Heavy Chain-Like Protein In The Pig Endometrium During The Oestrous Cycle And Early Pregnancy, R. D. Geisert, J. V. Yelich, T. Pratt, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

In pigs, changes in an unidentified endometrial glycoprotein, pGP30, are temporally associated with rapid trophoblast elongation and initial placental attachment on day 12 of gestation. Identification of endometrial pGP30 was undertaken through protein purification, NH2-terminal amino acid sequencing and cDNA sequencing of products generated through reverse transcription-polymerasechain reaction. Sequencing of 35 amino acids from the NH2-terminal end of pGP30 revealed that the 30 kDa glycoprotein is a cleavage product from the C-terminal region of inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chain 4 (IαIH4), previously known as inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chain-like protein. IαIH4 is unique compared with the three other inter-α-trypsininhibitor heavy chains as it does …

Effect Of Ignoring Random Sire And Dam Effects On Estimates And Standard Errors Of Breed Comparisons, K. L. Barkhouse, L. Dale Van Vleck, Larry V. Cundiff

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data were weights of F₁ calves and weaning weights of top-cross progeny from sires and maternal grandsires of 13 breeds. Three analyses were performed on each trait to obtain estimates and standard errors of breed effects needed to calculate across-breed EPD and accuracies. Model (R) for records of F₁ progeny contained fixed effects for birth year and date of birth, sex, age and breed of dam, and breed of sire, and a random residual effect. The second analysis included random effects for sires (RS), and the third analysis included random effects for sires and dams (RSD). In maternal …

Variances Of Direct Genetic Effects, Maternal Genetic Effects, And Cytoplasmic Inheritance Effects For Milk Yield, Fat Yield, And Fat Percentage, L. G. Albuquerque, Jeffrey F. Keown, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage during the first three lactations were studied using New York Holsteins that were milked twice daily over a 305-d, mature equivalent lactation. Those data were used to estimate variances from direct and maternal genetic effects, cytoplasmic effects, sire by herd interaction, and cow permanent environmental effects. Cytoplasmic line was traced to the last female ancestor using DHI records from 1950 through 1991. Records were 138,869 lactations of 68,063 cows calving from 1980 through 1991. Ten random samples were based on herd code. Samples averaged 4926 dams and 2026 cytoplasmic lines. Model also included …

Highland Pond Utilization By Bats In The Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, J. D. Wilhide, Michael J. Harvey, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Vernon E. Hoffman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During May through August 1996, wildlife ponds (man-made and/or naturally occurring) and road ruts on the Sylamore Ranger District, Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, were mist netted to determine extent of utilization by bats. Thirty-nine ponds and road ruts were netted one or more times during 53 nights. These water sources were originally constructed to support wildlife species such as deer, turkey, etc.. This study demonstrates that taxonomically and numerically diverse bat populations use these water sources. Seven hundred and seventy bats of nine species, including two endangered species, were netted. Bats were identified, and sex, reproductive status, forearm length, and …

Quantifying Community Separation And Increase In Number Of Avian Species With Corresponding Increase In Habitat Complexity, An African Example, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The relationship between increase in faunal diversity and corresponding increase in habitat complexity was quantified using shrubland bird communities in western Africa. Vegetational characteristics were measured in circular plots around bird positions. Bird species were then arranged from grassy open habitats to dense shrubland and found to be separated into three distinct communities when subjected to Duncan's multiple range procedure in conjunction with discriminant functions analysis. Random samples classified with respect to bird species showed there were few species in the more abundant open habitats and a disproportionate number of species were packed into the less common but complex shrubby …

Adding Nutrients To Enhance The Growth Of Endangered Sockeye Salmon: Trophic Transfer In An Oligotrophic Lake, Phaedra E. Budy, Chris Luecke, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Snake River sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, listed under U.S. law as endangered in 1991 in response to a decline in anadromous adult numbers, spend their first 1–2 years in Redfish Lake, Idaho, before migrating to the sea. To determine how nutrient enhancement might influence phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish production, we performed fertilization experiments in large enclosures in this oligotrophic lake using juvenile kokanee (lacustrine O. nerka) as analogues for endangered sockeye salmon. Fertilization of the metalimnion substantially increased chlorophyll a (150%), phytoplankton biovolume (75%), primary productivity (250%), and zooplankton biomass (200%), and moderately increased fish growth (12%) over our control …

A Tale Of Two Chickens: Exploring The Social And Economic Implications Of Our Food Choices, Laura Bainbridge

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

A century ago chicken was considered a luxury item. In fact, people would eat steak or lobster when they could not afford chicken and ladies' magazines advised on how to substitute veal for chicken in recipes (Gordon, 1996). In 1928, President Hoover promised "a chicken in every pot", but it was not until the 1960's that the poultry industry really took off. Today, there are 15 chickens in every pot; the average American consumes 71.8 pounds of broiler meat annually (Oberholtzer, 1997). Where does all of this chicken come from? Who grows the chicken we eat and how do they …

The Role Of Bowfin, Amia Calva, In Multiple Species Management Plans, Benjamin Jacob Hausmann

Masters Theses

The major challenge to fisheries managers of the 21st century will be to maintain the diversity, not only of fishing opportunity, but also of traditionally non-game and economically unimportant species. With the relatively recent understanding of the importance of ecosystem level management, attention is being focused on native species that were often ignored or eradicated under past management practices. One such fish that has been largely ignored is the bowfin, Amia calva. Ecological data pertaining to bowfin natural history are limited and to date no attempt has been made to integrate bowfin into fisheries management decisions within the species native …

A Contribution To The Knowledge Of The Meloidae (Coleoptera)Fauna Of Turkey Along With New Records, Hikmet Özbek, Dezso Szaloki

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The faunistic study on Meloidae conducted from 1970s up to 1996 based on the collection of over 4000 specimens and 147 species of 17 genera in two subfamilies are reported. Among them Alosimus reitterianus(Semenov), Coryna confluensReiche, Mylabris cingulata Falderman, M. colligata Redtenbacher, M. furcimacula Sumakov, M. serana (Escherich), M. suturalis Pic, Meloe ganglbauery Apfelbeck, M. glazunovi Pliginskij, M. rufiventris Germar, M. scabriusculus Brand et Erichson, Apalus bipunctatus Germar, A. spectabilis Schaun, Stenoria analis Schaun and Zonitis nigriventris Motschulsky are new records for the Turkish fauna. Besides that Cerocoma scovitzi intermediaMaran, Lydus anatolicusMuche, L. gibbigerEscherich, Micromerus bitlisensis Kaszab, M. dersimensis Kaszab, …

The Localization And Structure Of A Neurohemal H-Organ In Acrida Bicolor(Thunberg) And Locusta Migratoria (Linneaus) (Orthoptera), Serap Mutun, Ayla Öber

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Acrida bicolor (Thunberg) and Locusta migratoria (Linneaus) nymphs were taken as objects to investigate the presence of neurohemal H-organ in Orthoptera of which was previously reported in Lepidoptera. A triangle-shaped H-organ was clearly observed in between the suboesophagial and prothoracic ganglions in two species.

Physiological Energetics Of Buccinum Undatuml. (Gastropoda) Off Douglas,Isle Of Man (The Irish Sea), Ahmet E. Kideyş

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Physiological energetics of the common whelk ( Buccinum undatum) were studied in a population off Douglas, Isle of Man and an energy budget was constructed for the period February 1989 to January 1990. The components of the energy budget (in kJ m -2 year -1 ) for the population can be summarized thus: consumption (C)=753; growth production (P g )=34; reproductive production (P r )=4; mucus production=218; respiration (R)=96; ammonia excretion (U)=8; and faecal production (F)=393. Assimilation efficiency was 47.7%. P/B (annual production/biomass) was calculated as 1.40 representing an intermediate life span for this species.

Fluctuation Of Dominant Mesozooplankton Species In The Black Sea, North Sea And The Baltic Sea: Is A General Trend Recognisable?, Ulrich Niermann, Ferit Bi̇ngel, Güner Ergün

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The distribution and fluctation of dominant pelagic species>300µ(Copepoda, Chaetognatha, Scyhozoa, Ctenophora and ichthyoplankton) of the southern Black Sea were compared with that of dominant species of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea in relation to oceanographic and environmental features. In all three seas, similar changes in the zooplankton composition took place at the end of the 1980's, and the beginning of the 1990's. - decreasing or increasing abundances of certain species, - occurrence of new species (North Sea: Muggiaea atlantica Lusitanean fish species; Black Sea: Mnemiopsis leidyl), - changes with respect to onset and duration of the bloom …

A New Record For The Turkish Fauna: Tycherobius Stramenticola Bolland(Acari, Actinedida, Camerobiidae), Kamil Koç, Nusret Ayyildiz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the characters and distribution of Tycherobius stramenticola Bolland, 1986 which is a new record for the Turkish fauna are given.