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2010

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Articles 31 - 60 of 289

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Rotifers From A Pond In Pune (India), With The Record Of Ptygura Pedunculata (Edmondson, 1939) (Rotifera: Monogononta) From The Oriental Region, Avinash Isaac Vanjare, Kalpana Pai Jan 2010

Rotifers From A Pond In Pune (India), With The Record Of Ptygura Pedunculata (Edmondson, 1939) (Rotifera: Monogononta) From The Oriental Region, Avinash Isaac Vanjare, Kalpana Pai

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Phylum Rotifera consists of aquatic, microscopic invertebrates inhabiting the freshwaters of the world. We report on some rotifers from the littoral zone of a pond in the University of Pune, Pune (India) (18^{°}33^'16^{"}N, 73^{°}49^´28^{"}E). A total of 13 rotifers species were found, including 5 new records to the Maharashtra state. Ptygura pedunculata (Edmondson, 1939) is reported for the first time from India and the Oriental region.

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New Records Of Aphid Species (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) For The Turkish Fauna From Samsun Province, Başak Akyürek, Ünal Zeybekoğlu, Gazi̇ Görür Jan 2010

New Records Of Aphid Species (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) For The Turkish Fauna From Samsun Province, Başak Akyürek, Ünal Zeybekoğlu, Gazi̇ Görür

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Nine aphid species from the Ondokuz Mayıs University Kurupelit campus in Samsun province, Turkey, were determined as new records for the Turkish fauna. These species were Aphis helianthi Monell in Riley & Monell, 1879; Macrosiphum impatientis (Williams, 1911); Macrosiphum mordvilkoi Miyazaki, 1968; Macrosiphum pallidum (Oestlunt, 1887); Uroleucon pseudoambrosiae (Olive, 1963); Cinara maghrebica Mimeur, 1934; Cinara wahluca Hottes, 1952; Stomaphis cupressi (Pintera, 1965); and Maculolachnus submacula (Walker, 1848).

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The First Record Of The Family Prodidomidae (Arachnida: Araneae) In Turkey, Aydin Topçu, Tuncay Türkeş Jan 2010

The First Record Of The Family Prodidomidae (Arachnida: Araneae) In Turkey, Aydin Topçu, Tuncay Türkeş

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Prodidomus amaranthinus (Lucas, 1846) is the first record of the family Prodidomidae in Turkey. Its characteristic features, drawings of its genitalia, and general habitats of both sexes and descriptions are presented. Data on the collection and distribution of the species all over the world are also given.

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Visitation To Cottonseed Storage Sites By Feral Swine And Evidence Of Gossypol Exposure, Tyler A. Campbell, Sarah L. Bullock, David B. Long, David G. Hewitt, Michael K. Dowd Jan 2010

Visitation To Cottonseed Storage Sites By Feral Swine And Evidence Of Gossypol Exposure, Tyler A. Campbell, Sarah L. Bullock, David B. Long, David G. Hewitt, Michael K. Dowd

Human–Wildlife Interactions

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Creep Feeder Design And Feed Accessibility On Preweaning Pig Performance And The Proportion Of Pigs Consuming Creep Feed, R C. Sulabo, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 2010

Effects Of Creep Feeder Design And Feed Accessibility On Preweaning Pig Performance And The Proportion Of Pigs Consuming Creep Feed, R C. Sulabo, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Objective: To determine the effects of creep feeder design and feed accessibility on preweaning performance and the proportion of eaters of creep feed. Materials and methods: A total of 54 sows and their litters were assigned to three treatments: rotary feeder with hopper, rotary feeder without hopper, and pan feeder. A creep diet with 1.0% chromic oxide was offered ad libitum from Day 18 until weaning (Day 21). Fecal samples were collected from piglets with sterile swabs 3 to 12 hours before weaning. Piglets were categorized as "eaters" when either of the two fecal samples was colored green; otherwise, they …

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Feed Additives For Swine: Fact Sheets – High Dietary Levels Of Copper And Zinc For Young Pigs, And Phytase (2010), J Y. Jacela, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, David G. Renter, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

Feed Additives For Swine: Fact Sheets – High Dietary Levels Of Copper And Zinc For Young Pigs, And Phytase (2010), J Y. Jacela, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, David G. Renter, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Copper and zinc play important roles in many physiological processes. Dietary copper levels of 5 to 10 ppm and zinc levels of 50 to 125 ppm are generally enough to meet the pig's nutrient requirement for these processes. However, when supplied at high concentrations (100 to 250 ppm for copper and 2000 to 3000 ppm for zinc), these two minerals are known to exert positive influences on growth rate. In addition, copper is efficacious even when antibiotics also are included in the diets.2 This suggests that the response to copper is additive to the response to antimicrobials. Response to high …

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Effects On Bacon Quality Of Feeding Increasing Glycerol And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles To Finishing Pigs (2010), B L. Goehring, Terry A. Houser, Joel M. Derouchey, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, B M. Gerlach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, John A. Unruh Jan 2010

Effects On Bacon Quality Of Feeding Increasing Glycerol And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles To Finishing Pigs (2010), B L. Goehring, Terry A. Houser, Joel M. Derouchey, Melvin C. Hunt, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, B M. Gerlach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 84 barrows (PIC 337 x 1050, initially 68.3 lb) were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet with added dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; 0 or 20%) and increasing glycerol (0, 2.5, or 5%) to determine the effects on belly quality. Criteria that were evaluated included: belly length, thickness, firmness, and slice yield; proximate and fatty acid analyses; iodine values; and sensory characteristics. There were no (P>0.08) DDGS x glycerol interactions on any criteria measured. Inclusion of 20% DDGS in the diet decreased belly firmness (P<0.04), as measured by the belly flop test (fat-side down method). Twenty percent DDGS decreased (P<0.01) the percentage of myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, total saturated fatty acids, and total monounsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, 20% DDGS increased (P<0.01) the percentage of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, eicosadienoic acid, total polyunsaturated fatty acids, unsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratios, polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratios, and iodine values. The inclusion of 0, 2.5, and 5% glycerol in swine diets did not affect any measured criteria in this study. In conclusion, feeding DDGS at a level of 20% decreased belly firmness and changed the fatty acid profile; however, it did not affect belly processing or sensory characteristics. Glycerol fed at 2.5 or 5.0% did not affect belly quality, fatty acid profile, or sensory characteristics of bacon.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18, 2010

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Effects Of Cracked Corn On Growth Performance And Stomach Lesions In Finishing Pigs (2010), S M. Williams, C B. Paulk, S Issa, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock Jan 2010

Effects Of Cracked Corn On Growth Performance And Stomach Lesions In Finishing Pigs (2010), S M. Williams, C B. Paulk, S Issa, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 208 pigs (104 barrows and 104 gilts, initial average 138 lb) were used in a 63-d experiment to determine the effects of adding cracked corn to diets for finishing pigs. The pigs were sorted by ancestry and blocked by weight with 13 pigs per pen and 4 pens per treatment. Treatments were corn-soybean meal-based with none, 10, 20, or 40% roller-milled corn (mean particle size of 3,549 μm). Particle size for the none, 10, 20, and 40% cracked corn diets were 684, 926, 979, and 1,187 μm, respectively. Feed and water were offered ad libitum until slaughter …

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Effects Of Switching Diet Formulations On Finishing Pig Performance (2010), M L. Potter, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

Effects Of Switching Diet Formulations On Finishing Pig Performance (2010), M L. Potter, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,239 finishing pigs (initially 43 lb) were used in a 41-d trial to determine the effects on ADG, ADFI, and F/G of switching every 2 wk from a corn-soybean mealbased diet to a diet containing alternative ingredients. Pens of pigs were weighed and allotted randomly to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. Dietary treatments were: (1) feeding a corn-soybean meal-based diet; (2) feeding an alternative ingredient-based diet; (3) feeding both diets in succession by feeding 2 wk of the corn-soybean meal-based diet followed by 2 wk of the diet with alternative ingredients, then feeding the corn-soybean meal-based diet …

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A Comparison Of Denagard, Denagard/Ctc And Pulmotil On Nursery Pig Growth Performance And Economic Return (2010), K M. Sotak, M Hammer, J Y. Jacela, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

A Comparison Of Denagard, Denagard/Ctc And Pulmotil On Nursery Pig Growth Performance And Economic Return (2010), K M. Sotak, M Hammer, J Y. Jacela, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 880 weanling pigs (initially 15.6 lb and 16 to 20 d of age) were used in a 41-d experiment to compare the effects of different antibiotic regimens on growth performance and economic return in the nursery phase. Pigs were alloted to 1 of 5 treatment groups based on weight within gender. The antibiotic regimens included: (1) control diets containing no antibiotic throughout the trial, (2) a combination of Denagard (Novartis Animal Health, Greensboro, NC) at 35g/ton and chlortetracycline at 400g/ton (Denagard/CTC) for the entire 41-d trial, (3) a Pulmotil (Elanco, Greenfield, IN) regimen of 363g/ton from d …

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Effects Of Mat-Feeding Duration And Different Waterer Types On Nursery Pig Performance In A Wean-To-Finish Barn (2010), M L. Potter, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

Effects Of Mat-Feeding Duration And Different Waterer Types On Nursery Pig Performance In A Wean-To-Finish Barn (2010), M L. Potter, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 3,680 weanling pigs were used in 2 experiments to determine the effects of mat-feeding strategies and different waterer types on pig performance and removal rates. In Exp. 1, a total of 24 pens (58 pigs per pen) were blocked by source farm and allotted to 1 of 4 gender (barrow or gilt) x feeding (control or mat-fed) treatments in a 27-d trial. Pigs were initially 15.4 lb. Control pigs did not receive any pelleted feed placed on mats, while pigs assigned to the mat-fed treatment were given 1.1 lb of pelleted diet on the mats 3 times …

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Effects Of Increasing Pep-Ns On Nursery Pig Performance (2010), A J. Myers, B W. Ratliff, D Mckilligan, G Xu, J Moline, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

Effects Of Increasing Pep-Ns On Nursery Pig Performance (2010), A J. Myers, B W. Ratliff, D Mckilligan, G Xu, J Moline, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 180 nursery pigs (PIC 1050, initially 14.2 lb and 28 d of age) were used in a 24-d study to evaluate the effects of increasing PEP-NS on nursery pig performance. PEP-NS is a combination of porcine intestinal mucosa and by-products of corn wetmilling. There were 5 pigs per pen and 6 pens per treatment. There were 6 dietary treatments: a negative control containing no specialty proteins, the negative control diet with 3, 6, 9, or 12% PEP-NS, or the negative control with 6% select menhaden fish meal (SMFM). The diet with 6% SMFM contained the same amount …

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The Effects Of Feeder Design And Changing The Availability Of Water From A Wet-Dry Feeder At 4 And 8 Weeks Prior To Marketing On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2010), J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

The Effects Of Feeder Design And Changing The Availability Of Water From A Wet-Dry Feeder At 4 And 8 Weeks Prior To Marketing On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2010), J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,296 pigs (PIC, 337 x 1050) were used to evaluate the effects on growth performance and carcass characteristics of feeder design (conventional dry feeder vs. wet-dry feeder) and changing availability of water from a wet-dry feeder at 4 and 8 wk prior to marketing. There were 27 pigs per pen (14 barrows and 13 gilts) and 24 pens per feeder-type. Pigs were fed identical corn-soybean meal diets with 15% dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS). Pens with a wet-dry feeder had a separate cup waterer, but the feeder provided the sole water source until d 69. The …

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Evaluation Of Increasing Select Menhaden Fish Meal Or Peptone Protein Sources In Nursery Pig Diets (2010), A J. Myers, B W. Ratliff, D Mckilligan, G Xu, J Moline, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

Evaluation Of Increasing Select Menhaden Fish Meal Or Peptone Protein Sources In Nursery Pig Diets (2010), A J. Myers, B W. Ratliff, D Mckilligan, G Xu, J Moline, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 350 nursery pigs (PIC 1050 x C327, initially 14.3 lb and 28 d of age) were used in a 24-d study to evaluate the effects of select menhaden fish meal (SMFM), PEP2 (also known as Ferm-O-Tide), and Peptone 50, on nursery pig performance. PEP2 and Peptone 50 are a combination of refined porcine intestinal mucosa that is co-dried with vegetable proteins. PEP2 contains an enzymatically processed vegetable protein, while Peptone 50 contains a complementary vegetable protein. There were 10 dietary treatments: a negative control containing no specialty protein, the negative control diet with 2, 4, or 6% …

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Effects Of Feeder Design, Wet-Dry Feeder Adjustment Strategy, And Diet Type On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2010), J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

Effects Of Feeder Design, Wet-Dry Feeder Adjustment Strategy, And Diet Type On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Pigs (2010), J R. Bergstrom, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,287 pigs (PIC 337 x 1050, initially 82.7 lb) were used to compare the effects of a conventional dry feeder, 3 wet-dry feeder adjustment strategies, and 2 diet types on growing-finishing pig performance. There were 27 pigs per pen and 6 pens per treatment. The first wet-dry strategy consisted of maintaining a setting of 18 throughout the study (WD18). The second wet-dry strategy consisted of an initial setting of 18 until d 56 followed by a reduced setting of 14 for the remainder of the experiment (WD14). The third wet-dry strategy consisted of an initial setting of …

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2010 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 2010

2010 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Standardized Ileal Digestible Tryptophan:Lysine Ratio In Diets Containing 30% Dried Distiller Grains With Solubles On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs In A Commercial Environment (2010), J A. Barnes, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2010

Effects Of Standardized Ileal Digestible Tryptophan:Lysine Ratio In Diets Containing 30% Dried Distiller Grains With Solubles On The Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs In A Commercial Environment (2010), J A. Barnes, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were performed to determine the effects of increasing standardized ileal digestible (SID) tryptophan to lysine (trp:lys) ratio in growing-finishing pig diets containing 30% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In both experiments, soybean meal replaced crystalline lysine and threonine to alter the dietary SID trp:lys concentrations while maintaining minimum ratios of other amino acids. In Exp. 1, a total of 638 pigs (PIC 1050 x 337, initially 80.0 lb) were used in a 105-d trial with 26 to 27 pigs per pen and 6 pens per treatment. Pens of pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary …

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Effects Of Dietary Astaxanthin, Ractopamine Hcl, And Gender On The Growth, Carcass, And Pork Quality Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2010), J R. Bergstrom, Terry A. Houser, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey Jan 2010

Effects Of Dietary Astaxanthin, Ractopamine Hcl, And Gender On The Growth, Carcass, And Pork Quality Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (2010), J R. Bergstrom, Terry A. Houser, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 144 finishing pigs (initially 226 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of various levels and sources of added dietary astaxanthin (AX: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 ppm), as well as ractopamine HCl (Paylean), on growth, carcass, and pork quality characteristics of barrows and gilts. Pigs were blocked by gender and weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 9 dietary treatments fed for approximately 26 d pre-harvest. Dietary treatments consisted of a corn-soybean meal-based control, the control with 5, 7.5, or 10 ppm AX from Phaffia rhodozyma yeast, the control with 5 ppm synthetic AX, and …

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Implant Programs Affect Performance And Quality Grade, Christopher D. Reinhardt Jan 2010

Implant Programs Affect Performance And Quality Grade, Christopher D. Reinhardt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Selection of dosage, timing, and number of anabolic implants continues to be a source of controversy for feed yard managers and their consultants. Although the dose-dependent effects on performance are fairly well accepted, impacts on carcass quality continue to be debated. This study was intended to summarize effects of different implant programs on performance and carcass quality on the basis of a cross section of available published research.

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Feed-Based Metaphylaxis Programs Did Not Affect Health Or Performance Of High-Risk Calves Mass Medicated With Draxxin On Arrival, M.P. Epp, R. Derstein, Dale A. Blasi Jan 2010

Feed-Based Metaphylaxis Programs Did Not Affect Health Or Performance Of High-Risk Calves Mass Medicated With Draxxin On Arrival, M.P. Epp, R. Derstein, Dale A. Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bovine respiratory disease continues to be the most costly disease affecting productivity and profitability in the stocker segment. Despite their high cost, longer-acting, injectable therapeutic antimicrobials such as Draxxin (Tulathromycin; Pfizer Animal Health, New York, NY) can extend the window of treatment duration, thereby reducing the incidence and severity of bovine respiratory disease. Use of feed-based metaphylaxis programs, such as therapeutic administration of multiple 5-day pulses of Aureomycin (αrma, Inc., Bridgewater, NJ), in conjunction with an injectable metaphylaxis program may be a cost-effective way to improve bovine respiratory disease therapy without having to physically handle and stress cattle.

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Precutting Round Alfalfa And Cornstalk Bales Decreases Time And Fuel Required For Bale Breakup In A Vertical Mixer, S.Q. Jones, T.T. Marston, R.M. Kraus, Joel M. Derouchey, Justin W. Waggoner, Ryan M. Breiner Jan 2010

Precutting Round Alfalfa And Cornstalk Bales Decreases Time And Fuel Required For Bale Breakup In A Vertical Mixer, S.Q. Jones, T.T. Marston, R.M. Kraus, Joel M. Derouchey, Justin W. Waggoner, Ryan M. Breiner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Properly mixing and distributing nutrients throughout a ration can be equally as important as including them in the formulation. Many factors, including forage type, particle length, and mixer type, affect the homogeneity of total mixed rations. Particle size plays an important role in digestion and animal performance and, therefore, is an important consideration from harvest through feeding. An increase in particle size results in a less uniform distribution of nutrients throughout the total mixed ration. Typically, diets with a high proportion of forages have the lowest uniformity of nutrients in individual batches of complete feed.

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Botanical Composition Of Diets Grazed By Beef Cows In The Kansas Flint Hills During Winter, G.J. Eckerle, K. C. Olson, Walter H. Fick, L.A. Pacheco, John R. Jaeger Jan 2010

Botanical Composition Of Diets Grazed By Beef Cows In The Kansas Flint Hills During Winter, G.J. Eckerle, K. C. Olson, Walter H. Fick, L.A. Pacheco, John R. Jaeger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Analysis of microscopic plant fragments recovered from the gut of wild herbivores (i.e., microhistological analysis) has been used to estimate diet composition, but there is debate as to whether microhistological analysis of fecal samples is an appropriate method for characterizing diets of grazing beef cattle. Therefore, our goal was to determine whether this approach could effectively quantify the botanical composition of diets grazed by mature beef cows in the Kansas Flint Hills during winter.

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Initial Heifer Body Composition Has Little Impact On Response To Zilmax, L.K. Thompson, C. Schneider, G. Parsons, K. Miller, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard Jan 2010

Initial Heifer Body Composition Has Little Impact On Response To Zilmax, L.K. Thompson, C. Schneider, G. Parsons, K. Miller, Christopher D. Reinhardt, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Using a growth promotant at the correct time of finishing is critical for maximizing profit potential. Previous studies have shown that zilpaterol-HCl (Zilmax; Intervet/ Schering-Plough Animal Health, Millsboro, DE) improves carcass characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine effects of prior body composition on subsequent changes in carcass weight, fatness, and muscle in heifers fed Zilmax so producers can introduce Zilmax at the level of finish that will result in the most desirable response. We hypothesized that fatter heifers use fat as the fuel for muscle growth.

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Effects Of Extended Zilpaterol-Hcl Withdrawal On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Beef Heifers, G.L. Parsons, Brandon E. Depenbusch, Christopher D. Reinhardt, D.A. Yates, J.P. Hutcheson, James S. Drouillard Jan 2010

Effects Of Extended Zilpaterol-Hcl Withdrawal On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Beef Heifers, G.L. Parsons, Brandon E. Depenbusch, Christopher D. Reinhardt, D.A. Yates, J.P. Hutcheson, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Zilpaterol-HCl (Zilmax; Intervet/Schering-Plough Animal Health, Millsboro; DE) is an orally active β2-adrenergic agonist that is approved for use in feedlot cattle at the rate of 7.56 g/ton of diet dry matter for the final 20 to 40 days on feed. The minimum withdrawal time for Zilmax is 3 days. Zilmax increases hot carcass weight and dressing percentage, primarily as a result of increasing lean muscle mass and decreasing body fat. Zilmax also decreases marbling and increases shear-force values (i.e., less tender) of steaks. This study was conducted to determine whether the benefits of Zilmax would be retained with longer withdrawal …

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Urea Recycling In Beef Cattle Fed Prairie Hay-Based Diets, E.A. Bailey, D.W. Brake, David E. Anderson, M.L. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer, K. C. Olson Jan 2010

Urea Recycling In Beef Cattle Fed Prairie Hay-Based Diets, E.A. Bailey, D.W. Brake, David E. Anderson, M.L. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Maximizing utilization of native rangeland is an important aspect of the cow/calf phase of beef production. Native rangeland is often of poor quality (less than 7% crude protein). Protein content of the rangeland is important because nitrogen is a key growth factor used by ruminal microbes. Without adequate nitrogen, the ruminal ecosystem will not operate at peak efficiency, which subsequently reduces the supply of nutrients to the animal. Historically, producers have provided supplemental nutrients to their cattle to achieve maximum performance. Both supplemental protein and energy have been provided to cattle consuming low-quality forage with varying levels of success. Typically, …

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Capacity Of The Bovine Intestinal Mucus And Its Components To Support Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Growth, C. Aperce, J. Heidenreich, James S. Drouillard Jan 2010

Capacity Of The Bovine Intestinal Mucus And Its Components To Support Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Growth, C. Aperce, J. Heidenreich, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination of human food products is a major concern for the beef industry. The pathogens responsible for outbreaks often originate from cattle, and E. coli O157:H7 can thrive in healthy cattle. To control contamination in the food chain, it is essential to understand how this pathogen is able to grow and compete with other bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of cattle. Previous studies have shown that bovine intestinal mucus supports bacterial colonization and can selectively influence makeup of the bacterial population. Intestinal mucus is made of mucins, which are gel-forming glycoproteins. Mucin molecules contain sialic acid that …

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Increased Concentrations Of Bovine Intestinal Mucus Encourage Growth Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7, J. Heidenreich, C. Aperce, James S. Drouillard Jan 2010

Increased Concentrations Of Bovine Intestinal Mucus Encourage Growth Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7, J. Heidenreich, C. Aperce, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cattle have been implicated as carriers of the human pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7. Contamination of the beef supply by E. coli O157 can occur during harvest and processing, causing costly recalls or human illness. Many interventions have been applied in attempts to prevent contamination of carcasses in processing plants, such as development of HACCP procedures, carcass washes, and steam pasteurization, but contaminations still occur. Mechanisms that allow E. coli O157:H7 to thrive in cattle at sporadic times and in such large numbers are poorly understood. Understanding factors that stimulate E. coli O157 growth in cattle will aid in identifying effective …

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Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On Urea Recycling In Steers Consuming Corn-Based Diets, D.W. Drake, M.L. Jones, David E. Anderson, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2010

Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On Urea Recycling In Steers Consuming Corn-Based Diets, D.W. Drake, M.L. Jones, David E. Anderson, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nitrogen absorbed in the small intestine of cattle can be recycled to the rumen and incorporated into microbially synthesized amino acids. This is an advantage when dietary protein is low or when ruminally available nitrogen is limited by poor ruminal protein degradation. In a survey, consulting feedlot nutritionists reported that 83% of their clients used ethanol coproducts in finishing diets. Ruminal availability of nitrogen in dried distillers grains with solubles is low (i.e., 25% of total nitrogen). Thus, urea recycling may be of greater relative importance when distillers grains are used to supplement protein to cattle. The goals of our …

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Effects Of Supplemental Protein And Energy On Digestion And Urea Kinetics In Beef Cattle, E.A. Bailey, D.W. Brake, David E. Anderson, M.L. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer, K. C. Olson Jan 2010

Effects Of Supplemental Protein And Energy On Digestion And Urea Kinetics In Beef Cattle, E.A. Bailey, D.W. Brake, David E. Anderson, M.L. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Previous research at Kansas State University has shown that providing supplemental energy when protein is deficient will cause a decrease in digestion of low-quality forage. Our project examined the effects of supplemental glucose on low-quality forage intake and digestion. Urea recycling is a mechanism by which cattle preserve nitrogen when faced with a deficiency. Young, growing cattle receiving sufficient protein recycle large amounts of nitrogen to the rumen. Our goal was to explore the effects of providing supplemental energy and protein to cattle that are on the downward side of their growth curve. Specifically, we measured intake, digestion, and urea …

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Packaging Systems And Storage Times Serve As Post-Lethality Treatments For Listeria Monocytogenes On Kippered Beef Steaks, A. Lobaton-Sulabo, K. Uppal, Kelly J.K. Getty, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, N. Harper, B. Barry, James J. Higgins Jan 2010

Packaging Systems And Storage Times Serve As Post-Lethality Treatments For Listeria Monocytogenes On Kippered Beef Steaks, A. Lobaton-Sulabo, K. Uppal, Kelly J.K. Getty, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, N. Harper, B. Barry, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Following several outbreaks involving Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat meat and poultry products, the United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service required that processors of these products implement post-processing intervention strategies for controlling L. monocytogenes. The USDA defines a postlethality treatment as a process that reduces L. monocytogenes by at least 1 log. Research has shown that packaging can generate a 1 log L. monocytogenes reduction following 1 or more weeks of storage at room temperature. The objective of our study was to determine the effect of packaging system and storage time on reducing L. monocytogenes in shelf-stable …

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