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Articles 451 - 480 of 501
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
A Comparison Of Cheese Yields Produced From Normal And Abnormal Milk, Raymond L. Rennich
A Comparison Of Cheese Yields Produced From Normal And Abnormal Milk, Raymond L. Rennich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mastitis has long been a problem to the Dairy Industry. All milk constituents are affected. Abnormal milk usually has a slightly higher total nitrogen and a lower casein content than does normal milk. Since the percent casein is believed to have the greatest influence on the yield of cheese, it is postulated a lower casein content in milk will produce a proportionately smaller amount of cheese for a given volume of milk. Cheese factories presently buy milk on the basis of fat percentage and weight with no regard to the amount of total protein or casein present. Therefore, it would …
The Feeding Value Of High Dry Matter Corn Silage, Myers J. Owens
The Feeding Value Of High Dry Matter Corn Silage, Myers J. Owens
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The important of corn in dairy cattle feeding is generally acknowledged. A popular way of preserving the crop is to make corn silage, thus using the whole plant for feed and preserving maximum feed per acre. The increased utilization of corn silage by dairymen may be due to its high energy yields per acre, high acceptability by cattle, and ease with it is incorporated into automated systems of harvesting and feeding. The increasing importance of corn silage in the United State is evidenced by the increasing acreages harvested as corn silage. In 1950 there were 4,937,000 acres planted with a …
A Study Of Some Physico-Chemical Changes In A Spread-Type Dairy Product During Storage, Alfredo E. Gudeikis
A Study Of Some Physico-Chemical Changes In A Spread-Type Dairy Product During Storage, Alfredo E. Gudeikis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the Dairy Science Department at South Dakota State University a new dairy spread product has been developed which has only 50% of the fat content of butter or margarine and 60% of the calorie value of the higher fat products. It is increased in solids content with nonfat milk solids. The purpose· of developing this product was to obtain a new outlet for milk constituents; desirably it was to be one that could regain the market sales which were lost by butter and are now enjoyed by the margarines. The high price of butter compared with the substitute product …
Factors Affecting Body, Texture, And Water Holding Capacity Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Basil K. Dalaly
Factors Affecting Body, Texture, And Water Holding Capacity Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Basil K. Dalaly
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
At the South Dakota State University Dairy Science Department, a challenging work is being conducted to develop a new spread type· dairy product which is made almost entirely of dairy ingredients. It contains about 40% fat, 6% protein, 40% water, and 1.9% salts. Among the problems which faced the workers on this project were the process induced changes in the protein and the water holding capacity, which are interlinked. The problem of water holding capacity is increased by the high water content of the product compared with butter, which contains about 16% water. Maintaining the stability of the fat emulsion …
The Influence Of Artificial Insemination In Three Midwestern States, Wendell Lee. Kucker
The Influence Of Artificial Insemination In Three Midwestern States, Wendell Lee. Kucker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Increased productivity of dairy cattle depends in part upon genetic changes brought about by select ion. Because of the long generation interval and low reproductive rate, genetic improvement in dairy cattle is slow. For this reason, the accuracy and effectiveness of selection of sires is of utmost importance. Selection of sires plays a major role in the genetic improvement of dairy cattle since a sire can leave many more descendants than a female. Consequently, the use of outstanding males is important in the genetic advancement of the dairy cattle population in the upper mid west as well as throughout the …
Consumer Evaluation Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Walter W. Wosje
Consumer Evaluation Of A New Low-Fat Spread-Type Dairy Product, Walter W. Wosje
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For many years the dairy industry has been going through transitional period whereby many marketing and structural changes have resulted. Generally speaking, these changes have been advantageous to the dairy farmer. During the past years there has been a widespread and increasing interest in profitable means of utilization of dairy by-products. Because of their unique and high nutritional value, the most logical method of disposition of these by-products is, from the standpoint of the general welfare, in human food; generally this is also the most gainful method. The high nutritional value of these products also makes them valuable in feeding …
Digestibility Studies With Western Wheat Grass, Marvin John Wurster
Digestibility Studies With Western Wheat Grass, Marvin John Wurster
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In order to make the most economical usage of our range forages it is essential that we know when the forage is most digestible in order for livestock to obtain maximum benefit from it. For many years cutting date has been the most common measure used to determine when a forage contains the most nutritive value. In many grasses emergence of the seed head or seed maturity has been used to determine when a particular forage should be harvested, However, western wheatgrass (Agropyron mithill) is not dependent on seed for reproduction and under range conditions often does not produce a …
Comparison Of Two Cultures For Use In Preacidified Skimmilk For Cottage Cheese Manufacture, Daryl D. Boddicker
Comparison Of Two Cultures For Use In Preacidified Skimmilk For Cottage Cheese Manufacture, Daryl D. Boddicker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Curd formation in a cultured dairy product is brought about by the addition of a bacterial culture capable of producing lactic acid from lactose. The primary function of this culture is to produce sufficient lactic acid to cause coagulation of the caseinate system of skimmilk. A secondary function of the culture is the production of flavor compounds considered to be desirable in these products. The flavor compounds produced by the normal growth of citric acid fermenting organisms are water soluble, and are largely removed during washing of the Cottage cheese curd. Therefore, flavor compounds are normally added to the cheese …
Genetic Parameters Among Production, Carcass Composition And Carcass Quality Traits Of Beef Cattle, Darrell A. Busch
Genetic Parameters Among Production, Carcass Composition And Carcass Quality Traits Of Beef Cattle, Darrell A. Busch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There were 1,642,000 beef cows in South Dakota on_ January 1,1967, which was 14 percent higher than the 1961-65 average (South Dakota Crop and Livestock Reporting Service, 1967). These cows were valued at $307, 054, 000, a 27 percent increase over the 1961-65 average. There were 390, 000 head of cattle and calves on feed on January 1, 1967, a 33 percent increase over 1961 and a 22 percent increase over the 1961-65 average. The sale of cattle and calves has accounted for 44 percent of the cash farm income in South Dakota for the period 1958-65 and is the …
The Effect Of Methods Of Storage On The Gross Energy, Chemical Composition And Feeding Value Of Alfalfa, Guru Prasad Mohanty
The Effect Of Methods Of Storage On The Gross Energy, Chemical Composition And Feeding Value Of Alfalfa, Guru Prasad Mohanty
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Production of good quality hay or silage and its proper storage without loss of the nutritive value is an important problem for dairy farmers. They are particularly interested in meeting the energy needs in feeding their herds for milk production. During the past decade there has been a substantial increase in the volume and intensity of research towards the nutritional and calorimetric aspects of cattle feeds. A number of unavoidable problems come in the way of their application causing financial disaster in today’s competitive economy of dairy farming. To increase milk production or to maintain a high level of production, …
A Modified Voges-Proskauer Method Of Determining Diacetyl In Dairy Cultures, Dwain Finkenbiner
A Modified Voges-Proskauer Method Of Determining Diacetyl In Dairy Cultures, Dwain Finkenbiner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dairy scientists have known for a number of years that diacetyl is one of the principle flavor components of butter, buttermilk, and cheese cultures. Of the tests which have been introduced to determine diacetyl, one of the first was the heavy metal gravimetric method. This procedure involved distillation of the diacetyl from the mother substance. The most common derivative formed was nickel dimethylglyoximate. Principle disadvantage of this method were that large amounts of sample were required for steam distillation when the products were low in diacetyl. It was also a time consuming procedure because the steam distillation could take as …
The Effect Of Frozen Storage On The Microflora Of Raw Milk, Jaswant Singh
The Effect Of Frozen Storage On The Microflora Of Raw Milk, Jaswant Singh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The proper handling of milk samples prior to bacterial analysis has been somewhat of a problem to dairy processors of South Dakota. There have been, and still are, many queries by these people about the treatment of o milk sample prior to the determination of a bacterial count. Should the milk samples be frozen prior to determining the number of bacteria? If it is feasible, what effect will the freezing have on the number of bacteria found? No tangible information about this problem has been found in the literature. Standard procedure emphasize mainly the icing of milk sample before analyzing …
Comparative Study Of Milk Quality Tests On Manufacturing Grade Raw Milk, Donald L. Wallace
Comparative Study Of Milk Quality Tests On Manufacturing Grade Raw Milk, Donald L. Wallace
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One criterion used to determine the quality of milk is based upon its bacterial content. This immediately emphasizes the problems of determining milk quality. Bacteriological tests are, at best, only estimates of the number or the activity of the organisms present. Since its introduction to South Dakota dairy farms, the bulk tank has continued to increase in popularity. Its increased acceptance has caused new problems in determining milk quality. The bulk tank allows the farmer to cool the milk faster and more efficiently than ever before, thereby limiting bacterial growth. Quality tests should not only differentiate between good and poor …
Characterization Of Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Raw Milk With Special Reference To The Enterotoxigenic Coagulase-Positive Types, Adnan M. Ammouri
Characterization Of Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Raw Milk With Special Reference To The Enterotoxigenic Coagulase-Positive Types, Adnan M. Ammouri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Numerous reports from many parts of the world have described the occurrence of outbreaks of staphylococcus food poisoning. Some studies have incriminated raw milk as a reservoir of the staphylococcus organisms as the vehicle of transmission. Recently Cheddar cheese has been implicated as the contaminating agent in food poisoning outbreaks traced to dairy products. The frequency of outbreaks of staphylococcus food poisoning has stimulated interest in the characterization of members of the staphylococcus genus. The strains particularly important are those capable of production an enterotoxin. In order to determine the strains of staphylococcus organisms isolated from raw milk which are …
Effectiveness Of An Aspergillus Oryzae Culture On The Preservation Efficiency And Feeding Value Of Alfalfa-Brome Haylage Stored In Gas-Tight And Concrete Stave Silos, Samuel C. Perry
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
High-quality forage is essential in feeding dairy cattle if dairymen intend to increase milk production or to maintain a high level of production. Problems of preserving high-quality forage for the winter feeding of livestock occur each year. The preservation of legumes and grasses as hay is governed by a number of factors: (1) curing weather, (2) state of maturity of the crops, and (3) other factors such as equipment available and methods of handling the crop. The inability of dairymen to control these factors results in heavy nutrient loses in the hays during the curing process due primarily to leaching …
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites Of Pheasants From Brown County, South Dakota, Donald E. Gilbertson
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites Of Pheasants From Brown County, South Dakota, Donald E. Gilbertson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This paper presents a study of the helminth endoparasite of the Chinese or ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). The digestive and respiratory tracts of 262 pheasants, all of which were collected in Brown County, South Dakota, were examined. Collections were ,made from January, 1961, through November of the same year. The problem was divided as follows: (1) locating and Identifying the helminth parasites, (2) relating parasitism to the age of the birds, (3) ascertaining the seasonal distribution of the parasites, and (4) determining what gross pathological changes were due to parasitism. Previous to this study, little or no literature was available …
A System For Making Selective Matings In Dairy Cattle, Basil Ralph Eastwood
A System For Making Selective Matings In Dairy Cattle, Basil Ralph Eastwood
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The term “selective matings” implies the selection of a sire to breed to each female on an individual, rather than a group or herd basis. Mating systems, other than random mating, may be classed either as the mating of like to like or as the mating of unlikes. This likeness or unlikeness may be based either on blood relationship or on individual appearance. The advantage and limitations of each mating system have been well worked out on a theoretical basis, and some of system have been thoroughly tested by experimentation and in the field. In actual practice many breeders use …
The Production And Ingestion Of Antibodies In Milk, George Donald Marx
The Production And Ingestion Of Antibodies In Milk, George Donald Marx
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since biblical times man has depended upon the cow for nourishment. The cow’s contribution to human and animal welfare has been tremendous. These contributions may be increased by artificially producing antibodies in milk. In view of recent experiments the established theory that antibodies cannot pass the intestinal wall after the animal is a few days of age may not be true. Much information has been gathered to support this theory. Since the mammary gland is capable of producing a considerable quantity of antibodies and since antibodies inhibit disease, the milk should be an excellent source of antibodies for disease protection …
Effects Of Reserpine (Serpasil) On Bloat, Edward P. Michalewicz
Effects Of Reserpine (Serpasil) On Bloat, Edward P. Michalewicz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Farmers and ranchers have been faced with the problem of bloat for many centuries. Thus far there has been little concrete evidence form research in determining the cause, finding a cure or a preventive for bloat. Numerous preventives for bloat have been practically useless. Investigators have used oils and paraffin’s as prophylactic and therapeutic measure against legume bloat. Antibiotics have been used as preventatives with some success, antifoaming agents have little effect and are of short duration. Tranquilizers, a comparatively a new group of compounds, have produced spectacular results in combatting stress conditions in animals. The ideal effect of tranquilizers …
A Study Of The Manufacture Of Cultured Butter And Retail Store Sales In Brookings, South Dakota, Shirley W. Seas
A Study Of The Manufacture Of Cultured Butter And Retail Store Sales In Brookings, South Dakota, Shirley W. Seas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Butter consumption in the united stated had dropped to 8.4 pounds per capita in 1953 from approximately 17 pounds prior to World War II. There has been only a very slight increase during the last five years. Dairy industry leaders and research workers have south to find the reason for this situation and possible remedies for it. A recent consumer preference study conducted by Rollag and Krist Janson (21) in Brookings and Sioux Falls, South Dakota indicated a fairly strong preference for high quality butter with a considerable amount of flavor obtained by adding butter culture to the butter. The …
An Attempt To Develop Resistance In The Udder Against Streptococcus Dysgalactiae And Escherichia Coli, Donald E. Otterby
An Attempt To Develop Resistance In The Udder Against Streptococcus Dysgalactiae And Escherichia Coli, Donald E. Otterby
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The problem of mastitis in dairy animals has received much attention in recent years. As the business of dairying has developed and grown, mastitis has become more significant to the farmer and the processor. The economic loss from reduced production and sale of milk, loss of breeding animals, veterinary and medical fees is paramount. Much of the emphasis when dealing with mastitis has been on cure rather than prevention. Despite the extensive investigations of antibiotics and other chemo-therapeutic agents as a cure for mastitis, a completely satisfactory answer to the mastitis problem has not been found. Recent research has suggested …
The Effects Of Relaxin On The Composition Of Bovine Milk, Chris H. Nissen
The Effects Of Relaxin On The Composition Of Bovine Milk, Chris H. Nissen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Protoplasm is a fragile substance keeping its homeostatic properties by many physiochemical phenomena. Much is known about the properties of protoplasm; but it is, perhaps, only meager when compared to what is yet to be learned. Such physical changes as electrical impulses, diffusion, and oxidation – to mention a few – are necessary for protoplasm to retain its integrity. In higher animals, particularity, for our purpose, mammals, protoplasm is sustained by different body system working harmoniously together to supply raw materials that remove waste, and govern all endeavors. One should not infer that single called animals have a more simple …
The Blood Picture In Correlation With Bloat, Dale A. Yarns
The Blood Picture In Correlation With Bloat, Dale A. Yarns
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bloat may spell disaster to any farmer on a given day. This kind of disaster is typical and not infrequent in ruminates especially cattle and sheep. Bloat affects polygastrics, why not monogastrics? Ruminants or polygastrics have a four compartment stomach utilizing protozoa and bacteria similar to a fermentation vat which catabolizes complex substrates into simple digestible nutrients while the monogastrics rely on secretions from the stomach lining. Primarily fermentation takes are water and larger amount of free gas, which can accumulate in the rumen when disposal is impaired. Why do animals dispose of these large quantities of gas 364 days …
Bloat Results From Various Drenchings Including Effectiveness Of Penicillin For Prevention, Clarence Leonard Moore
Bloat Results From Various Drenchings Including Effectiveness Of Penicillin For Prevention, Clarence Leonard Moore
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Body conformation is associated with function among all classes of livestock. Dairy cattle type deals with characteristics indicating ability to produce milk and butterfat economically along with breed character and other values of an aesthetic nature. In order to have economical milk and butterfat production, the dairy cow should possess that type of body conformation which is able to withstand the rigors of disease, reproduction and year after year milk production. A large percentage of dairy cattle sold in South Dakota and surrounding territory, whether for breeding purpose or commercial production, are evaluated primarily on the basis of their type. …
A Genetic Analysis Of Economic Characteristics Of Range Beef Heifers, Keith O. Zoellner
A Genetic Analysis Of Economic Characteristics Of Range Beef Heifers, Keith O. Zoellner
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The beef cattle industry is one og the major sources of rural income in South Dakota. According to the South Dakota Crop and Livestock Reporting Services (1956), there were 1,492,000 beef cows and yearling beef heifers on the farms and ranches in South Dakota as of January 1, 1957. They also reported that sales from cattle and calves amounted to approximately 34.6 percent of the gross farm and ranch income in the state. Since the beef cattle industry is a major source of the farm and ranch income in South Dakota, any improvement in the performance of beef cattle will …
The Effects Of Low Temperature On Survival Of Rabbit Ova, Mansur Ferdows
The Effects Of Low Temperature On Survival Of Rabbit Ova, Mansur Ferdows
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the field of animal production, genetic characteristics determine to a large extent the quality and the economy of the cattle. To hasten the wide spread dissemination of germ plasm, many commercial farmers have resorted to artificial insemination. Artificial insemination has however, only allowed for the wide spread dissemination of germ plasm from the male. If the female germ plasm could also be more easily disseminated through the highly experimental process of ova transfer, then more than the average number of offspring could be expected from a female in her life time. Because ova transplantation is in its infancy, many …
Some Observations Pertaining To The Effects Of Relaxin Upon The Bovine, Vincent Allen Hall
Some Observations Pertaining To The Effects Of Relaxin Upon The Bovine, Vincent Allen Hall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The process of birth normally follows a set pattern. The main steps in chronological order are: labor, opening of the cervix, and delivering the young. The cervix serves an important function in reproduction. The cervix is the constricted portion separating the uterus and the vagina, and consists primarily of thick connective tissues especially constructed in folds forming a hollow tube. Through the cervix passes sperm, menstrual debris and in pregnancy the newborn. During pregnancy a mucous plug forms in the cervix and keeps out foreign material and bacteria. In the non-pregnant cow the opening is small. The cervix opening is …
Growth And Respiratory Studies Of Saccaromyces Cerevisiae In The Presence Of Selenium, Robert M. Pengra
Growth And Respiratory Studies Of Saccaromyces Cerevisiae In The Presence Of Selenium, Robert M. Pengra
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The occurrence of selenium in certain soils of the United States and its detrimental effect upon livestock pastured on or fed forage from these areas has been well established. Selenium poisoning will not be reviewed here as several excellent reviews have been published (1, 2, 3). Studies on the metabolism of selenium by Sac-charomyces cerevisiae have been reported by Potter and Elvehjem (4), Lardy and Moxon (5), and Fels and Cheldelin (6, 7, 8). An attempt has been made in this thesis to repeat and enlarge on some of these studies. While this investigation may contribute information on the selenium …
Some Mechanical And Horomonal Methods Of Dilating The Bovine Cervix, Edmund F. Graham
Some Mechanical And Horomonal Methods Of Dilating The Bovine Cervix, Edmund F. Graham
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The selection for certain inherited characteristics war practiced approximately 2000 years before the Christian Era. Jacob (Genesis 30:28-43) was given all the speckled cattle in his master’s herd for being herdsman. In a few years, by selecting for the spotting factor, only speckled cattle remained in the herd. Selection was the first tool for segregating definite characteristics. As a means of more rapid improvement artificial insemination was practiced by an Arabian chieftain as early as 1322 A. D. (35). Since 1322 these crude methods of transferring semen have been perfected until approximately four million cows were inseminated in the United …
The Improvement In Type Of South Dakota Dairy Cattle Through Artificial Breeding, Kenneth I. Gross
The Improvement In Type Of South Dakota Dairy Cattle Through Artificial Breeding, Kenneth I. Gross
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Body conformation is associated with function among all classes of livestock. Dairy cattle type deals with characteristics indicating ability to produce milk and butterfat economically along with breed character and other values of an aesthetic nature. In order to have economical milk and butterfat production, the dairy cow should possess that type of body conformation which is able to withstand the rigors of disease, reproduction and year after year milk production. A large percentage of dairy cattle sold in South Dakota and surrounding territory, whether for breeding purpose or commercial production, are evaluated primarily on the basis of their type. …